IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-16 ~ Issue-10 ~ Oct. 2022

Abstract: This study examines solid waste generation and management in the Jiddari Polo Area of Jere Local Government of Borno State. through identifying the waste generated, methods of disposal, and the socioeconomic characteristics of the residents. In achieving this study,100 respondents were determined through a systematic random sampling technique. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data with the aid ofthe Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) tool. The result revealed that 57.73% of the respondents generate plastic waste by-products; 12.37% of the respondent generates food waste products; 7.22% generate bottle wastes; 6.19% generate vegetable wastes; while 6.19% of respondents generate ash waste products. Lastly, the result revealed that4.12% of the respondents......

Keywords: Solid wastes, Jere Local Government, Waste Generation, Waste Collection, Pollution.

[1]. Abel, O.A. (2009). An Analysis of Solid Waste Generation in a Traditional African City: The Example of Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Environment and Urbanization, SAGE Journals, 19(2): 527- 537.
[2]. Afon, A.0 (2007). "Informal Sector Initiative in the Primary Subsystem of Urban Solid Waste Management in Lagos, Nigeria," Habitat International, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 193–204.
[3]. Afon, A.O. (2005). Solid Waste Management in Selected Cities of Oyo State [Ph.D. dissertation], Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
[4]. Agunwamba, J.C., (2003). Analysis of Scavengers‟ Activities and Recycling in some Cities of Nigeria. Environmental Management 32 (1), 116–127.
[5]. Arimieari, L.W., Sangodoyin, A.Y. and Joe T. (2014). On the Assessment of Solid Waste Management in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Int. journ. Eng. & research. Tech. vol 3(8), 238-246.

Abstract: Background:The mangrove is a coastal ecosystem that lived in muddy substrates with calm water and its existence is affected by sea tidal activity. As a transitional ecosystem between land and sea, mangroves have many functions, one of which is to store blue carbon stock to reduce the impact of global warming.Numerous factors determine the carbon stock value including mangrove coverage. One of the locations that have a mangrove ecosystem is Bunati village in Tanah Bumbu Regency, South Kalimantan Province. However, there is no research on blue carbon stock estimation in this location. Based on this problem, the authors believe that research is needed regarding blue carbon stock at a different coverage level of the mangrove ecosystem in Bunati Village, Tanah Bumbu Regency.......

Keywords: Mangrove; Biomass; Blue Carbon Stock; Carbon Sink; Bunati.

[1]. Akbar, Z. (2019). Kandungan Stok KarbonBiru (Blue Carbon) pada Mangrove JenisAvicennia Marina di Kawasan Ekowisata Mangrove DesaPagatanBesar. Banjarbaru: Program StudiIlmuKelautanFakultasPerikanan dan KelautanUniversitasLambungMangkurat.
[2]. Bismark, M., Subiandono, E., &Heriyanto, N. (2008). Keragaman dan PotensiJenis Serta KandunganKarbonHutan Mangrove di Sungai SubelenSiberut, Sumatera Barat. JurnalPenelitianHutan dan KonservasiAlam, 297-306.
[3]. Bunati Village Regulation of 2020 concerning Village Potential
[4]. Gibbs, H. K., Brown, S., Niles, J. O., & Foley, J. A. (2007). Monitoring and Estimating Tropical Forest Carbon Stocks: Making REDD a Reality. Environmental Research Letters, 1 - 13.
[5]. Hairiah, K., Fahmuddin, Agus, F., Velarde, S., Ekadinata, A., Rahayu, S., &Noordwijk, M. v. (2011). Measuring Carbon Stocks Across Land Use Systems. Bogor: World Agroforestry Centre

Abstract: Biosorbent synthesized from mature leaves of Kadam (Neolamarckiacadamba) tree was utilized to expel a cationic dye, Methylene blue from simulated wastewater.Batch adsorption studies were investigated using four operational parameters : initial dye concentration, contact time, pH and adsorbent dose. The results inferred that 0.4 g/L biosorbent was proficient in removal of 10 mg/L dye solution at pH 4 when agitated for 30 minutes at 120 rpm. Isothermal behaviour was evaluated using different models like Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models. Adsorption kinetics was established by using various models like pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order andElovich models. The experimental data was fitted well by Temkin isotherm. Adsorption kinetic data best fitted the pseudo second-order model. The results found out from this study concluded that KLP can be used as a cost-effective adsorbent in potential practical applications for dye removal from wastewater to abate colour pollution

Keywords: Neolamarckiacadamba, biosorbent, Methylene blue, cost-effective, isotherm

[1]. Adegoke, K. A., & Bello, O. S. (2015). Dye sequestration using agricultural wastes as adsorbents. Water Resources and Industry, 12, 8-24.
[2]. Aksu, Z. (2005). Application of biosorption for the removal of organic pollutants: a review. Process biochemistry, 40(3-4), 997- 1026.
[3]. Ben Arfi, R., Karoui, S., Mougin, K., &Ghorbal, A. (2017). Adsorptive removal of cationic and anionic dyes from aqueous solution
by utilizing almond shell as bioadsorbent. Euro-mediterranean journal for environmental integration, 2(1), 1-13.
[4]. Berradi, M., Hsissou, R., Khudhair, M., Assouag, M., Cherkaoui, O., El Bachiri, A., & El Harfi, A. (2019). Textile finishing dyes and their impact on aquatic environs. Heliyon, 5(11), e02711.
[5]. Chowdhury, S., Chakraborty, S., &Saha, P. (2011). Biosorption of Basic Green 4 from aqueous solution by Ananas comosus (pineapple) leaf powder. Colloids and surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 84(2), 520-527.

Abstract: In order to obtain the best processing conditions for Cistanchedeserticola-potato extruded rice (CDPR), principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were used to screen 17 CDPR. First of all, the quality indexes of these 17 kinds of CDPR were measured (hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, resilience, water absorption index, water solubility index, content of echinacoside and sensory quality), and then the data were collected for PCA. The first three components were selected, explaining 89.406% of the total variance. By calculating the factor score, the highest factor score of CR3 was 1.146, and the lowest comprehensive......

Key Word: Cistanchedeserticola; Composite rice, Principal component analysis; Cluster analysis; Twin-screw extruder

[1]. Li, Y, Diosady, L L, Jankowski, S(2008). Effect of iron compounds on the storage stability of multiple‐fortified Ultra Rice. International journal of food science and technology. 43: 423-429
[2]. Prom U Thai, C, Shu, F, Godwin, I D, Rerkasem, B, Huang, L(2008). Iron-fortified parboiled rice – A novel solution to high iron density in rice-based diets. Food Chemistry. 110: 390-398
[3]. Tao, Jaynie, Yao, O(2018). Edible insects as a means to address global malnutrition and food insecurity issues. Food Quality and Safety. 2: 17-26
[4]. Beck, S M, Knoerzer, K, Foerster, M, Mayo, S, Philipp, C, Arcot, J(2018). Low moisture extrusion of pea protein and pea fibre fortified rice starch blends. Journal of Food Engineering. 231: 61-71
[5]. Castellanos-Gallo, L, Galicia-García, T, Estrada-Moreno, I, Mendoza-Duarte, M, Sanchez-Aldana, D(2019). Development of an Expanded Snack of Rice Starch Enriched with Amaranth by Extrusion Process. Molecules. 24: 2430

Abstract: Manufacturing, construction, mining, transport, industrial processes and power generation release gaseous, solid and liquid wastes to the environment.Pollutants enter the human respiratory system leading to adverse health effectswhich are attributed to premature deaths worldwide. Particulate matter (PM) especially PM2.5 are recognized as potent pollutants which penetrate deep into the human lungs. This study assessed the levels of PM2.5 and associated air quality indices using pre-calibrated lowcostpurple air monitors employing PMS5003 Laser Counters. Ambient air pollution monitoring was done in residential, industrial and commercial areas in Nairobi City County for 6 months.....

Key Word: Air Pollution, PM2.5, Emissions, Air monitors, air quality index

[1]. Crilley, L. R., Shaw, M., Pound, R., Kramer, L. J., Price, R., Young, S., Lewis, A. C., & Pope, F. D, (2018). Evaluation of a low-cost optical particle counter (Alphasense OPC-N2) for ambient air monitoring. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques.11(2), 709-720. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-709-2018
[2]. WesterveltD, KanyeriaJ, NjoguP, GatariM, WaiguruE, MutahiA,. (2021).First measurements of PM2. 5 and NO2 in Mombasa, Kenya, AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts A35G-1716.
[3]. Hales, Simon et al.(2010).Air pollution and mortality in New Zealand: cohort study." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 66 468 - 473.
[4]. Krudysz, M., Moore, K., Geller, M., Sioutas, C., and Froines, J.(2009). Intra-community spatial variability of particulate matter size distributions in Southern California/Los Angeles, Atmos. Chem. Phys.9, 1061–1075, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-9-1061-1075.
[5]. Mannucci, Pier M., &Franchini M. (2017)Health Effects of Ambient Air Pollution in Developing Countries. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 9: 1048. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14091048

Abstract: Background: Individuals who suffer from celiac disease (CD) or other gluten-related disorders (such as wheat allergy (WA) and non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) even the ingestion of a small amount of gluten can lead to deleterious and serious health risks. Gluten-free diet is a part of treatment for celiac disease, but it is widely consumed around the world besides patient care. Materials and Methods: Formulations of gluten free cupcakes based on rice flour and amla powder in three different ratios 95/5, 90/10 and 85/15 were developed. The aim of this research study was to investigate the physicochemical and rheological characteristics of rice and amla based composite flour as raw materials for gluten free cupcake formulations and its relationship to cupcake quality.....

Key Word: Gluten-free; Rice flour; Amla powder; Cupcakes; Sensory evaluation.

[1]. Gallagher E, Gormley TR, Arendt EK. Recent advances in the formulation of gluten-free cereal-based products. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 2004 Mar 1;15(3-4):143-52.
[2]. Iovan M, Stoin D, Traşcă T, Rădoi B. Studies regarding the obtaining and sensory analysis of gluten-free muffins with buckwheat flour addition. Journal of Agroalimentary Processes and Technologies. 2015; 21(3):222-6.
[3]. Lundin, K.E., Brottveit, M. and Skodje, G.. Noncoeliac gluten sensitivity. Coeliac Disease and Gluten-Related Disorders. 2022; pp.177-195.
[4]. Pellegrini N, Agostoni C. Nutritional aspects of gluten‐free products. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 2015 Sep;95(12):2380-5.
[5]. Esa NM, Ling TB, Peng LS. By-products of rice processing: An overview of health benefits and applications. Rice Research: Open Access. 2013 Aug 15.

Abstract: Background: Deficiency of water and contamination are most significant issues for many of countries in the world. Different kinds of nanomaterials are utilized on larger scales in water and waste water treatments. Materials and Methods: We review applications of four kinds of nanomaterials e.g. nano-filtration membranes, nano-adsorption materials, nano-reducing materials and nano-photocatalytic materials are largely used in water treatments and pollution control. We discuss their general properties and significant applications in waste water treatments. Results: The use of these nanotechnologies is increasing and anticipated to result in raised human exposure to nanomaterials. The impact of nanomaterials in the human environment is zone of rising scientific interest. More research is required on nanomaterial characterization.....

Key Word: Wastewater; Nanomaterials; Treatments; Tanotechnology; Toxicity

[1]. Saha I, Bhattacharya S, Mukhopadhyay A, Chattopadhyay D, Ghosh U, Chatterjee D. Role of nanotechnology in water treatment and purification: potential applications and implications. Int J Chem Sci Technol. 2013;3(3):59-64.
[2]. Jyothirmayee CA, Sreelatha K, Rao YH. Innovations in Nanotechnology in Water purification. Indian Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biotechnology. 2016 Nov 1;4(6):282.
[3]. Savage N, Diallo MS. Nanomaterials and water purification: opportunities and challenges. Journal of Nanoparticle research. 2005 Oct;7(4):331-42.
[4]. Bakola, V., Kotrotsiou, O., & Kiparissides, C. Recent Advances In Nanotechnology-Based Water Purification Methods. 2019; 29-31.
[5]. Gautam R, Chattopadhyaya MC. Nanomaterials for wastewater remediation. Butterworth-Heinemann; 2016 May 17.

Abstract: Background: Yeasts are among the important microorganisms useful to man. Some are applied in food because of their protein and are used in food industries such as brewing, baking etc. This Study aims to isolate and characterize yeast strains from "burukutu", Shaddock juice and "fura" (millet meal) as well to determine the efficacy of the isolated yeast strains compared to the conventional commercial bakers' yeast. Materials and Methods: The extraction of the juice from the respective raw materials as well as the enrichment procedures were carried out using standard procedures. The isolated yeasts were tested for their flocculation abilities, their ability to ferment glucose....

Key Word: Alcoholic Beverages, Awka, Fermentation, Indigenous, Saccharomyces cerevisiae

[1]. Romano P., Angela, C., Vincenza S., Rossana R., Cinzia, P. Biodiversity of wild strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeas tool to complement and optimize wine quality. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2008; 24: 1797-1802.
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[3]. Klein, D.W., Lansing, M., Harley, J. Microbiology. New York: McGraw Hill [online]. 2005. Available from: www.bdu.ac.in/syllabi/affcol/pg/mb8.pdf
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[5]. Ogbonna, C.I.C., C.O.E. Onwuliri, C.O. Akueshi,F.D., Yilzung T. Studies on some Nigerian Indigenous Alcoholic Beverages. II: The Microorganisms Associated with Locally Prepared Burukutu, Pito and Palm wine. Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology. 1983; 1:109.