Abstract: The advent of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has helped in the successful development and wide deployment of smartphones, electric vehicles as well as renewable energy storage systems. Nevertheless, the expansion of this activity - LIB manufacturing is growing fast and worldwide but also emerging in Brazil- raises major concerns about their life-end management as well as environmental impacts. The present review discusses the ongoing recycling operations of LIBs and recent developments in methods used for the recycling of LIBs such as mechanical, pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and direct-recycling methodologies. This involves physical processes such as crushing and sorting to extract metals like lithium, cobalt, and nickel (amongst others) - a process that is called.....
Key Word: Lithium-ion batteries, Recycling methods, Environmental impacts, Sustainability
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