iosr-JNHS   Volume-5 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2016

Abstract: Phlebotomy has practiced for centuries and still one of the most common invasive procedures in health care settings. Each step in this procedure affects the quality of the specimen and is thus important for preventing laboratory errors0, patient injury and even death. Unfortunately, phlebotomy poses risks for nurses and still common to carry out dangerous of practices known to increase the risk of needle-stick injury and transmission of blood borne diseases. The touch of a finger to verify the location of a vein before insertion of the needle increases the chance that a specimen may contaminated........

Keywords: Patient Safety, Quality Improvement, Phlebotomy, Nursing Practices, Phlebotomy

[1]. Anderson D, Novak P. Mosby's Medical, Nursing, Allied Health Dictionary. 6th ed. London: Mosby: A Harcout Health Sciences Company, 2002; 218, 824, 922- 5.
[2]. Porth C, Kunert M. Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002; 256-69.
[3]. Cahill M, McCann S, Smith J. Nursing Procedures: Intravascular Therapy. 4th ed. Lippincott Williams & Willing Company, 2004; 272-92.
[4]. Meeker M, Rothrock J. Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery: 11th ed. London. Mosby Company, 2000; 161-242.
[5]. Clack T. Jouanna Briggs Institute for Evidence based Nursing, Margaret Graham Building and Royal Adelaide Hospital. Best Practice: Evidence Based practice Information Sheets for Health Professionals: Management of Peripheral Intravenous Devices, 2003; 2 (1): 1- 6.

Abstract: Background: Over a lifetime 80% of the people have low back pain. About nine out of ten adults experience low back pain in their life time. Low back pain occurs in females mostly among adult girls mainly due to some everyday activity or poor posture. In India, occurrence of low back pain is alarming; nearly 60% of the people in India have significant back pain. This study aimed at relieving low back pain among nursing students by back strengthening exercise. Method: The pre-experimental study was conducted by using one group pretest posttest research design in selected nursing hostel at Salem.........

Keywords: Effectiveness, Back strengthening exercise, Low back pain, Nursing students.

[1]. Hickey.J., (1997), "The clinical practice of neurological and neuro surgical nursing", 4th edition, Lippincott, Philadelphia.
[2]. Moffett Klaber, et.al., (1999), "A longitudinal study of low back pain in student nurses", abstract retrieved from www.pubmed.gov.in (PMID:8335430) on 15.4.10
[3]. Bell. JA., Burnet. A., (2009), "Exercise for the primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of low back pain in the work place: A systematic review", Occupational rehabilitation, March, Vol-19(1): Page No. 8 – 24, PMID-00006162, (Pubmed-indexed for medline).
[4]. Mitchell, et.al., "Identification of modifiable personal factors that predict new onset low back pain: A prospective study of female nursing student", The Clinical Journal of pain, Vol-26(4): Page No. 275-283.
[5]. Videman, T., et.al., (2005), "Low back pain among nurses : A follow up beginning at entry to the nursing school", Spine (Phila PA, 1976), Vol15, 30(20), Page No.2334-41, PMID -16227898 (Pubmed indexed for Medline)

Abstract: Was to explore the relationship between insight and felt stigma among psychiatric patients. Methods: The research design was descriptive explorative study. The study was carried out in inpatients units and out patients' clinic of Port-Said Psychiatric health hospital, Egypt. A convenient sample of 130 patients from pervious mentioned setting. The tools that are used for data collection were: Birchwood Insight Scale, Felt Stigma Scale, socio-demographic questionnaire and clinical data interview schedule..........

Keywords: Felt Stigma, Insight, Psychiatric patients.

[1]. Ghaemi N. Insights and Psychiatric Disorder: A review of the literature, with a focus on its clinical relevance for Bipolar disorder. Psychiatric Annals 1997; 27: 782-790.
[2]. Mak S, Wu M, Cognitive insight and causal attribution in the development of self-stigma among individuals with schizophrenia. Psychiatric Serv; 2006; 57(12):1800-1802.
[3]. Buckley F, Hrouda R, Friedman L, Noffsinger G, Resnick J, Camlin- Shingler, K. Insight and its relationship to violent behavior in patients with schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry 2004; 161, 1712–1714.
[4]. Schwartz C, Smith D. Suicidality and psychosis: the predictive potential of symptomatology and insight into illness. Journal of Psychiatric Research 2004; 38, 185–191.
[5]. Parellada M, Boada L, Fraguas D, Reig S, Castro-Fornieles J, Moreno D, Gonzalez-Pinto A, Otero S, Rapado-Castro M, Graell M, Baeza I, Arango C. Trait and state attributes of insight in first episodes of early-onset schizophrenia and other psychoses: a 2-year longitudinal study. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2011; 37, 38–51.

Abstract: The objective are To assess of contributing factors related tohypothyroidismfor adultpatients,and find out the relationship between some demographic characteristic (age, gender, level of education ) with risk factors. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted at theoutpatient consultation in Bagdad teaching hospitals the period between October 2014 to May 2015in order to assess the risk factors related to Hypothyroidism for adult patient at Bagdad Teaching Hospitals .A random sample consistedof (50) patients from suffering hypothyroidism who were systematically admitted to the outpatient consultation were selected one by one. A questionnaire was constructed for the purpose of the study, which is comprised of three parts that include..........

Keywords: Risk factors, Hypothyroidism

[1] Garber, JR., Cobin, RH.,Gharib, H, Hennessey, JV., Klein, I., Mechanick, JI,. Pessah-Pollack, R., Singer, PA., Woeber,: KA for the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American Thyroid Association Taskforce on Hypothyroidism in Adults. "Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hypothyroidism in Adults".Thyroid,Vol.22,NO.12,(2012),P.P:1200–1235.
[2] Huether, S., &McCance, K.: Understanding Pathophysiology (4th ed.) ,(2007), St. Louis:Mosby.
[3] Cooper, DS.,Braverman, LE.,: Werner &Ingbar's the thyroid : a fundamental and clinical text (10th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health. (2012), P. 552. ISBN 145112063X
[4] Patrici, A.;American Thyroid Association. "Hypothyroidism." Clinical Thyroidology for Patients. 2:3. (2009). 30 Sept 2009 <http://thyroid.org/patients/ct/volume2/issue3/ct_patients_v23_5.html>.
[5] Bjùro T., Holmen, J., Krue,E. , Midthjell,K., et. al,: Prevalence of thyroid disease, thyroid dysfunction and thyroid peroxidase antibodies in a large, unselected population. The Health Study of Nord-Trùndelag (HUNT), European Journal of Endocrinology, Vol.143, (2000) ,pp. 639-647.

Abstract: Background: Conflict is a power struggle in which a person intends to harass, neutralize, injure or eliminate a rival. Aims: to developing and implementing an educational program about strategies of conflict resolution for the head nurses working at the Main Assuit University Hospital. Study subject: included all head nurses who have 10 years of experience and more. Study tools included three tools, personal characteristics tool, knowledge test (pre, post and follow up), and Participants opinion tool...........

Keywords:Conflict management, Head nurses, Educational program, Mediation and Negotiation.

[1]. Abo Gad, R. & El-Demerdash, S.(2014): An Educational Program about Nursing Managers` Transformational Leadership, Conflict management Styles and Decision Making Effectiveness IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science 3, (3), P.P. 42-56. Retrieved from: www.iosrjournals.org
[2]. Anthony, M., Standing, T., Glick, J., Duffy, M., Paschall, F., Sauer, M., Sweeney, D., Modic, B., & Dumpe, L. (2005): Leadership and nurse retention: The pivotal role of nurse managers. Journal of Nursing Administration, 35:P.p.146-155.
[3]. Berman, L. (2012): Mediation's Evolution in SoCal: Where it has been and where it is going by Brilliant Results Magazine, by the American Arbitration Association, Retrieved from: lee jay@mediationtools.com.
[4]. Berman, L. (2014): 13 Tools for Resolving Conflict in the Workplace, with Customers and in Life by Brilliant Results Magazine, by the American Arbitration Association, Retrieved from: lee jay@mediationtools.com.
[5]. Brinkert, L. (2011): Alternative dispute resolution: Managing upsets and keeping people safe. Evidence-based Healthcare and Public Health. 8(6):P.p.412- 413.

Abstract: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a very common endocrine disorder encountered in women and is associated with problems, such as menstrual irregularities; hirsuitism; obesity; insulin resistance; acne; and, in later life, infertility with diabetes mellitus and uterine cancer. Early diagnosis is necessary for early interventions to minimize the immediate and chronic consequences. The prevalence of PCOS among the girl students has not yet been clearly determined. This study is an attempt to assess its prevalence in the girl students of a college...........

Keywords: PCOD, PCOS, Menstrual abnormalities, 'Stein-Leventhal Syndrome', 'Syndrome O.

[1]. SteinIF,Leventhal MN.Amenorrhoea associated with bilateral Polycystic Ovaries. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 1935; 29:181.
[2]. Knochenhauer ES.et al. Prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Metabolism1998; 83(9):3068-3082.
[3]. Nidhi R et al. Prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Indian adolescents. Journal of Paediatric Adolescent Gynaecology 2011 Aug;24(4):223-227.
[4]. Azziz R et al. The prevalence and features of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in an unselected population. Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2004Jun;89(6):2745-2749.
[5]. Guttmann-Bauman I.The prevalence and features of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in paediatric endocrine community in the USA . Journal of PaediatricEndocrinology& Metabolism,2005.

Abstract: Introduction: Fluid balance monitoring is a part of the scope of nurses' practice. The incorrect calculation of fluid balance means that every patient management decision was influenced by inaccurate fluid balance information. Therefore, nurses working in ICUs are responsible and accountable for the accurate recording and calculation of fluid balance when caring for critically ill patients.
The aim of the work to examine the accuracy of fluid balance monitoring in critical care units and determine the factors affecting fluid balance monitoring in critical care units. The study design was a descriptive research design.......

Keywords: Fluid balance - Monitoring- Critical care nurses

[1]. Gonzalez F, Vincent F. The fluid balance in the critically ill patients: what are we talking about? Minerva Anestesiol
2011;77(8):766-7.
[2]. Ind D. Fluid Assessment. Renal Society of Australasia Journal2006; 2 (3):51-2
[3]. Shepherd A. Measuring and managing fluid balance. Nursing Times2011;107(28):12-6.
[4]. Perren A, Markmann M, Merlani G, Marone C, Merlani P. Fluid balance in critically ill patients Should we really rely on it ?
Minerva Anestesiol 2011;77(8):802-11.
[5]. Bouchard J, Soroko S, Chertow G, Himmelfarb J, Ikizler T, Paganini E et al. Fluid accumulation, survival and recovery of kidney
function in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2009;76:422-7.

Abstract: Infertility is estimated to affect as many as 186 million people worldwide. Although male infertility contributes to more than half of all cases of global childlessness, infertility remains a woman's social burden. Fertility rate is declining in Arab world including Libya. This study is framed to overcome the infertility problem like tubal, uterine and cervical abnormalities among Libyan women by using assisted reproductive techniques (ART) like Histerospingography and Histeroscopy and to find out the success rate of this technology among Libyan population........

Keywords: Infertility, Salpigitis, Histerospingography and Hysteroscopy.

[1]. Abdellah AH, Rasheed SM and Abdelraheem M (2010) Hysteroscopic evaluation of the uterine cavity after Intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer failure: Is it rewarding? Abstracts of the 17th Annual Meeting. Middle East Fertility Society Damascus, Syria 6 to 9 October 2010.

[2]. Adrian CS, Nikola F, Cornelia U, Mikael KH and Rahel AK (2012) Hysterosalpingography in the workup of female infertility: indications, technique and diagnostic findings. Insights Imaging 3(5):476-483.

[3]. ASRM (2013), Fertility: assessment and treatment for people with fertility problems. NICE clinical guideline CG156.
[4]. Brown SE, Coddington CC, Schnorr J, Toner JP, Gibbons W, Oehninger S (2000) Evaluation of outpatient hysteroscopy, saline infusion hysterosonography, and hysterosalpingography in infertile women: a prospective, randomized study. Fertil Steril.74: 1029–1034.

Abstract: Lateral epicondylitis produces a heavy burden of workdays lost and results in residual impairments. Though different treatment methods for lateral epicondylitis are available, majority of the studies reported inconsistent results and no therapeutic modality seems to stand out or alter the natural history of the disease. Eccentric exercise program increases the strength of the tendon by gradually overloading it to promote an increase in tensile strength. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of therapeutic eccentric exercises on pain and grip strength in subjects diagnosed with lateral epicondylitis.......

Keywords: lateral epicondylitis, pain, eccentric exercises, flexbar, grip strength

[1]. Alfredson H, Pietila T, Johnson P (1998). Heavy-load eccentric calf muscle training for the treatment of chronic Achilles tendinosis. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 26:360–6.
[2]. Alfredson H, Thorsen K, Lorentzon R (1999). In situ microdialysis in tendon tissue: high levels of glutamate, but not prostaglandin E2 in chronic Achilles tendon pain. Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, 7:378–81.
[3]. Altan L, Kanat E (2008). Conservative treatment of lateral epicondylitis: comparison of two different orthotic devices. Clinical Rheumatology, 27(8):1015-9.
[4]. Bisset L, Beller E, Jull G, Brooks P, Darnell R, Vicenzino B (2006). Mobilisation with movement and exercise, corticosteroid injection, or wait and see for tennis elbow: randomised trial. British Medical Journal, 333(7575): 939.
[5]. Bisset L, Paungmali A, Vicenzino B, Beller E (2005). A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials on physical interventions for lateral epicondylalgia. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 39(7): 411-422.

Abstract: Background: Depression is exceeding prevalent worldwide and its impact on the personal, professional and social life of an individual is well documented in literature. Adolescents are more prone to depression owing to their hormonal turbulences and their need to establish their role identity. Nursing students are at greater risk for depression owing to the vast majority of them being adolescents and also due to the enormous lifestyle change demanded by the profession........

Keywords: Nursing students, depression, self-esteem, nursing educators, self-preparedness, holistic system, teacher-student interactions

[1]. WHO. Media Centre: Depression Fact sheet N°369 [Internet]. World Health Organization; 2012.
[2]. Statistics FIFoCaF. Major Depressive Episode. America's Young Adults. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2014.
[3]. Perou R, Bitsko RH, Blumberg SJ, Pastor P, Ghandour RM, Gfroerer JC, Hedden SL, Crosby AE, Visser SN, Schieve LA. Mental health surveillance among children—United States, 2005–2011. 2013 Contract No.: Suppl 2.
[4]. Joiner T, Coyne J, editors. The interactional nature of depression. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 1999.
[5]. Beasley PJ BW. Depression in the adolescent patient. Adolesc Med 1998;9:351-62.

Abstract: Adolescence is a transitional stage in human life. Adolescents are neither adults nor children and their physical and psycho social needs are unique, hence they experience great deal of confusion in taking right decisions. Adolescence range between the ages of ten to nineteen years and is a stage of behavioral and attitude formation. Awareness and adequate guidance to adolescents in appropriate time helps them to adopt healthy behaviors. If they are not well guided, they are likely to experiment with risky behavior that could harm them and others. Aim: The study aimed to assess the Knowledge on reproductive and sexual health (RSH) and Gender perceptions in school going adolescents. Methodology......

Keywords: Adolescents, Reproductive health, Sexual health, Gender perceptions, and Gender based violence

[1]. Steinberg L, Autonomy, conflict and harmony in the family relationship. In At the threshold: The developing adolescent Edited by: Feldman, Elliot G. Cambridge, Havard University; (1990) 255-276.
[2]. Lundgren R, Beckman M, Prasad Chaurasiya S, Subhedi B, Kerner B, Whose turn to do the dishes? Transforming gender attitudes and behaviours among very young adolescents in Nepal. Gend Dev; 21 (2013) : 127_45.
[3]. Dunkle KL, Jewkes RK, Brown HC, Gray GE, McIntryre JA, Harlow SD, Gender-based violence, relationship power, and risk of HIV infection in women attending antenatal clinics in South Africa. Lancet; 363 (2004); 1415-21.
[4]. Haberland, N., & Rogow, D. In &Promoting Healthy, Safe, and Productive Transitions to Adulthood Brief no.22. New York, NY: (2007); Population Council.
[5]. Britto MT, Klostermann BK, Bonny AE, Altum SA, Hornung RW. Impact of a school-based intervention on access to healthcare for underserved youth. J Adolesc Health,29 (2001); 116-125.

Abstract: The shoulder frequently has complaints in orthopedic practice, due to its wide range of motion and mechanical stresses of daily activities, one of the most common injuries is the impingement. The work aims to use the UCLA scale evaluation of impingement syndrome and then relate to the ICF. The scale analyzes five parameters: pain, function, ADM, manual strength and patient's satisfaction, and so we will relate their usefulness in the analysis of the codes, relating to ICF. This is a case study, descriptive and quantitative, performed at the Clinical School Fisioclínica from Universidade da Amazonia (UNAMA) in Belém / PA. A female patient participated in the study, a 62 years old housewife, diagnosed with the impingement syndrome on her left shoulder........

Keywords: Functionality, ICF, UCLA.

[1]. Neer II CS. Anterior Acromiplasty for the Chronic Impingement Syndrome in the Shoulder. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1972; 54-A(1):41-50
[2]. Whiting WC, Zernicke RF. Biomecânica da lesão musculoesquelética. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan, 2004.
[3]. Malone TR, Mc Poil TG. Fisioterapia em ortopedia e medicina do esporte. 3. ed. São Paulo: Santos, 2000.
[4]. Dutton M. Fisioterapia ortopédica: Exame, avaliação e intervenção. São Paulo: Artmed, 2004.
[5]. Ikemoto RY, Bezerra AD, Monte FA, Telles RB, Fujiki EM, Porto LCK. Acrômio em forma de gancho: uma variação anatômica ou um processo degenerativo?. Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia, Rio de Janeiro, v.40, p. 454-463, out. 2005.

Abstract: Cryptococcal meningitis is the most common lethal opportunistic fungal infection caused by a fungus (yeast) - Cryptococcus neoformans in people with HIV and AIDS. Cryptococcal infection affects approximately one million HIV-infected patients worldwide each year, and is associated with high mortality. In Sub-Saharan Africa, Cryptococcal disease has been associated with 17% of all deaths among HIV-infected patients and 75% of deaths from opportunistic infections in men with pulmonary tuberculosis. Prompt treatment depends on awareness of the common symptoms.........

Keywords: ...........................

[1]. UNAIDS/WHO. AIDS Epidemic Update. Geneva: WHO, 2006
[2]. Bicanic T, Harrison TS. Cryptococcal meningitis. Br Med Bull 2005; 72: 99-118.
[3]. Robinson PA, Bauer M, Leal MA, Early mycology treatment failure in AIDS associated cryptococcal meningitis. ClinInfect Dis 2000;30: 710-718.
[4]. Mwaba P, Mwansa J, Chintu C. Clinical presentation, natural history and cumulative death rates of 230 adults with primary cryptococcal meningitis in Zambian AIDS patients treated under local conditions. Postgrad Med J 2001; 77: 769-773
[5]. Moosa MY, Coovadia YM. Cryptococcal meningitis in Durban, South Africa: a comparison of clinical features, laboratory findings and outcomes for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-positive and HIV negative patients. Clin Infect Dis 1997; 24: 131-134.

Abstract: Objectives: Available research is limited and conflicting with regard to the role of the hipmuscles in controlling knee valgus. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigatewhether hip muscle's strength is significantly related to peak knee valgus angle (PKVA)during a single leg squat. Methods: A correlation research design was chosen to test the hypotheses of this study in 30 healthy subjects (17 males and 13 females). Procedures included isometricstrength testing using the DILLON ED junior dynamometer for hip (abduction/adduction,flexion/extension, and internal/external rotation)........

Keywords: ...........................

[1]. Claiborne, T.L., Armstrong, C.W. et al. Relationship between hip and knee strength and knee valgus during a single leg squat.
Journal of Applied Biomechanics2006, 22(1), 41-50.
[2]. Clark, M.A. Core stabilization training in rehabilitation. In: Prentice, W.E., Voight, M.L. eds. Techniques in Musculoskeletal
Rehabilitation. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill 2001, 259-278.
[3]. Riemann, B.L. and Lephart, S.M. (2002) The sensorimotor system, Part I: The
[4]. physiologic basis of functional joint stability. Journal of Athletic Training 2002, 37, 71-79.
[5]. Zeller, B., McCrory, J. et al. Differences in kinematics and electromyographic activity between men and women during the singlelegged
squat. American Journal of Sports Medicine 2003, 31,449-456.