iosr-JNHS   Volume-7 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2018

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Path physiology and Taxonomy of Hive/Aids Awareness and Young People's Sexual Behavior in Ekiti State, Nigeria
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Dr. Augustina Izadi Anakwe || Dr. Suleiman Dikko
	:	10.9790/1959-0702010108

Abstract: The HIV/AIDs awareness and adolescents' sexual behaviour in Ekiti State of Nigeria was x-rayed. The paper looked at the pathophysiology and taxonomy of HIV/AIDs, the stages of infection, signs and symptoms and sexual behaviour of students and that there is also a relationship between age and HIV/AIDs awareness and age and sexual behaviour. The study then concluded that there is significant relationship between HIV/AIDs awareness and adolescent sexual behavior in Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Keywords; Pathophysiology, Taxonomy, HIV/AIDS, Awareness, Young People's, Sexual Behavior

[1] Babyaro, C. C. (2010). The threat of aids in African situation, WHO Newsletter Lagos page 6-7.
[2] Boma, K.K. (2005). Hiv /Aids national strategic framework for action 2005-2008. Abuja society for youth health Nigeria.
[3] Ibori, F.C. (2000). Talking with your child about sex and sexuality. Youth Journal on Hiv/Aids 4 (3)18-22.
[4] Musa, C.K. (2009). The youths a Journal of Source of HIV/aids. 3(2) 18-20.
[5] Njoku, C.N. (2005). Sexuality counselling curriculum: Imperative catalyst to quality education, Nigeria. 19 (12) 16-20.
[6] Olaleye, F.C. (2007). Aids knowledge, attitude and behavior among secondary school students in Ekiti State. Journal of Education. 2 (1) 7-10.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effect of Infection Control Guidelines on Improving Nurses' Performance Regarding Patients with Burn Injury
Country	:	Egypt
Authors	:	Wedad Saber Shafek Abdelkhalek || Wafaa Ismail Shereif || Hala Mohamed Abdelhamed || Tarek Ahmed Ahmed Ebrahim Zahra
	:	10.9790/1959-0702010917

Abstract: Burns provide a convenient area for bacterial growth and explosive sources of infection than other types of wounds, essentially due to massive and deep extent of burned areas and longer length of hospital stay. The effective approach to reduce infection should be based on detailed knowledge of burn care and infection control. Aim of the study: was to evaluate effectiveness of infection control guidelines on improving nurses' performance regarding patients with burn injury. Method: quasi-experimental research design was conducted in Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery Center - Mansoura University.The data was collected from a convenient sample of (30) nurses where.........

Keywords: burn, infection control, knowledge, practice.4 Lecturer of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

[1] Ramirez-Blanco, C. E., Ramirez-Rivero, C. E., Diaz-Martinez, L. A. & Sosa-Avila, L. M. Infection in burn patients in a referral center in Colombia. Burns 43, 642–653 (2017).
[2] Revelas, A. Healthcare – associated infections: A public health problem. Niger. Med. J. 53, 59–64 (2012).
[3] Rafla, K. & Tredget, E. E. Infection control in the burn unit. Burns 37, 5–15 (2011).
[4] Khan, H. A., Baig, F. K. & Mehboob, R. Nosocomial infections: Epidemiology, prevention, control and surveillance. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed. 7, 478–482 (2017).
[5] Macedo-viñas, M. Infections in Burn Patients. EC Microbiol. 2, 85–91 (2017).

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effectiveness of Foot Care Education among People with Diabetes Mellitus in Urban Community, Mumbai
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Mangalam Sriram || Dr. Prakash Doke || Dr. Prabha Dasila
	:	10.9790/1959-0702011821

Abstract: Burden of Diabetes is increasing globally. In India it is affecting about 40 million people. High prevalence is attributed to a combination of genetic factors and environmental factors due to urbanization and industrialization. Untreated Diabetes can lead to many complications including foot complications. Prevalence of Diabetic foot ulcers is 3.6% in the clinical population. In about 3 – 5 % of cases ulcers lead to amputation resulting in lifelong disability and dependency. This study was done to emphasize the importance of education in care of feet among the diabetic patients. A sensitized patient will have less chances of developing foot complications. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on foot care among people diagnosed with diabetes...........

Keywords: Diabetes, diabetic foot care, education, knowledge, prevention

[1] Herman WH, Kennedy L. Underdiagnosis of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes care. 2005 Jun 1;28(6):1480-1.

[2] Fritschi C. Preventive care of the diabetic foot. The Nursing clinics of North America. 2001 Jun;36(2):303-20.

[3] Ashok S, Ramu M, Deepa R, Mohan V. Prevalence of neuropathy in type 2 diabetic patients attending a diabetes centre in South India. Japi. 2002 Apr 1;50:546-0.

[4] Ekore RI, Ajayi IO, Arije A, Ekore JO. Knowledge of and attitude to foot care amongst Type 2 diabetes patients attending a university-based primary care clinic in Nigeria. African journal of primary health care and family medicine. 2010 Jan 1;2(1):1-3.

[5] www.worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/mumbai-population

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Micronutrient Status as Predictors of Low Birth Weight and Pre-Term Delivery in Women Attending Antenatal Care in Challenge, Lusaka, Zambia. A Proposal for Research
Country	:	Zambia
Authors	:	Sebean Mayimbo || Clara Maphosa Haruzivishe || Patrick Kaonga || Kanekwa Zyambo || Concepta Kwaleyela
	:	10.9790/1959-0702012227

Abstract: Low birth weight is a significant public health problem. Every year, about 16% of infants are born with a birth weight less than 2,500 gms, with 95% from the developing countries (1). Micronutrient supplementation of Ferrous sulphate and Folic acid for all pregnant women attending antenatal care in Zambia's healthcare facilities is being practised without estimating their serum concentrations. Available information states that excessive Iron stores are associated with higher risk of metabolic disorders such as hypertension, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease (2-5). There might be a need for supplementation of other micronutrients in our setting apart from the ones currently being given. Based on current evidence, it is essential to determine the levels of micronutrients..........

Keywords; Micronutrients, antenatal, Low birth weight, preterm delivery

[1] da Silva Lopes K, Ota E, Shakya P, Dagvadorj A, Balogun OO, Peña-Rosas JP, et al. Effects of nutrition interventions during pregnancy on low birth weight: an overview of systematic reviews. BMJ Global Health. 2017;2(3).
[2] Rajpathak SN, Crandall JP, Wylie-Rosett J, Kabat GC, Rohan TE, Hu FB. The role of Iron in type 2 diabetes in humans. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects. 2009;1790(7):671-81.
[3] Bao W, Rong Y, Rong S, Liu L. Dietary Iron intake, body Iron stores, and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC medicine. 2012;10(1):119.
[4] Zhao Z, Li S, Liu G, Yan F, Ma X, Huang Z, et al. Body Iron stores and heme-Iron intake in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2012;7(7):e41641.
[5] Jung CH, Lee MJ, Hwang JY, Jang JE, Leem J, Park J-Y, et al. Elevated serum ferritin level is associated with the incident type 2 diabetes in healthy Korean men: a 4 year longitudinal study. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(9):e75250

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Effect of High Fidelity Simulation on Saudi Nursing Interns' Competency of Post-Operative Care At King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah
Country	:	Saudi Arabia
Authors	:	Al-Zayedi N || Mansour A.E
	:	10.9790/1959-0702012835

Abstract: Background: Researches related to the high fidelity simulation (HFS) and nursing skills competencies are scant. Most of the researchers are studied knowledge, confidence, and satisfaction. Therefore, need to build a strong evidence data base regarding the effect of HFS on technical and nontechnical skill competences in nursing education to arise a competent nurse. This study seeks to find out the effect of using HFS mannequin Sim-Man 3G on nursing intern's skills competency using postoperative scenario. Method: A quasi-experimental, pre/post-test design used in this study with one group of (n = 32) nursing interns pass through three phases of simulation (briefing phase, actual practical phase and debriefing phase) with one scenario. Data collection period was between September2014 to December 2014. Result: There are significant statistical differences between pre and post test competency in all five domains (P=.000)...........

Keywords; High fidelity simulation, nursing interns, competency, patient case scenario, Post-operative care.

[1] Hyland, J. R., & Hawkins, M. C. (2009). High-fidelity human simulation in nursing education: A review of literature and guide for implementation. Teaching and Learning in Nursing, 4(1), 14-21. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.teln.2008.07.004

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Nurses' Perceptions & Practices towards Delirium in the Intensive Care Units
Country	:
Authors	:	Khadija Lafi || Dr. Amina Hemida Salem
	:	10.9790/1959-0702013646

Abstract: Intensive care units are known to be the treatment area reserved for patients who require state- of-the-art care by health care professionals to treat life-threatening illnesses and diseases. This vulnerable population is at high risk for developing delirium, which has been shown to be one of the most common complications of ICU hospitalization, affecting 60% to 80% of patients. To date, several studies have demonstrated that delirium is associated with increased mortality as well as increased hospital length of stay and costs. Aim: Assess the nurses' practices and perceptions toward Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit at King Fahd Hospital University of Dammam........

[1] Allen, J, 8c Alexander, E. Prevention, recognition, and management of delirium in the intensive care unit. AACN Advanced Critical Care. 2012; 23(1): 5-11.
[2] Pun, B.T, 8c Ely, E.W. The importance of diagnosing and managing ICU delirium. Chest. AACN Advanced Critical Care. 2007132: 624-636.
[3] Olson T. Delirium in the intensive care unit. Role of the critical care nurse in early detection and treatment. Canadian Association of Critical Care Nurses. 2012.
[4] Ely EW, et al. Delirium as a predictor of mortality in mechanically ventilated patients in the intensive care unit. JAMA. 2004;291 (10.1001/jama.291.14.1753.):1753-1762.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Outcomes of Pregnancy among Teenage Mothers: Hospital Based Study in Western Region of Nepal
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Isabel Lawot || Anupama Tamrakar || Sharada Sharma
	:	10.9790/1959-0702014751

Abstract: Background:In Nepal, early marriage is a tradition in some community and early childbearing is associated with various health risks for both mother and child. Some reported that teenage pregnancies were at increased risk for pre-term delivery, low birth weight, and neonatal mortality and the major maternal complications were Preterm labour, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. The objective of the study is to identify the outcomes of the teenage pregnancy in Western Region of Nepal. Methods and Materials:A retrospective study was conducted in the Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara,Kaski Nepal. Data was retrieved from the hospital records among the teenage mothers delivered in sixmonths using purposive sampling technique..........

Keywords; Teenage pregnancy, Preterm delivery, Neonatal mortality, Obstructed labour, Oligohydramnios, Postpartum haemorrhage, Eclampsia, Stillbirth

[1] World Health Organization. Adolescent Pregnancy:Fact sheet 2018: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs364/en/

[2] MahavarkarSH,MadhuCK, Mule V D. A comparative study of teenage pregnancy.Jobs& Gyn.2009;28:6 604-607.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01443610802281831.

[3] Hoque ME, Towobola OA, Mashamba TJ, Monokoane T. Comparison of adverse pregnancy outcome between teenage and adult women at a tertiary hospital in South.Int J Res Med Sci. November 24 2013 http://www.biomedres.info/biomedical-research/comparison-of-adverse-pregnancy-outcome-between-teenage-and-adult-women-at-a-tertiary-hospital-in-south-africa.html#a1.

[4] World Health Organization. Preterm birth:fact sheet 2017.http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs363/en/.

[5] Kayestha S, Pradhan A. Obstetric outcomes of teenage pregnancy.NJOG. 20122:14.https://www.nepjol.info/index.php/NJOG/article/download/11139/8997

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Use of Communication Board for Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Mr.John Glitus || Dr.Jeyalakshmi || Dr. Madhukar Sanap
	:	10.9790/1959-0702015255

Abstract: Communication at the bedside, even when the patient is unconscious or sedated, may often be recalled by critical care survivors and can impact upon long-term psychological outcomes. There is a significant relationship between the loss of speech and severe emotional reactions among ICU patients, such as a high level of frustration, stress, anxiety, and depression Medical and Nursing staff should also be aware of the techniques and technology available for intubated patients to engage in communication, and to improve quality of life including the use of spelling boards, icon charts, and electronic aids. This review highlights the Use of Communication Board for Mechanically Ventilated Patients

[1]. Campbell GB, Happ MB. Symptom identification in the chronically critically ill. AACN Adv Crit Care. 2010;21:64–79
[2]. Baumgarten M, Poulsen I. Patients' experiences of being mechanically ventilated in an ICU: a qualitative metasynthesis. Scand J Caring Sci. 2015;29:205–14.
[3]. Carroll SM. Silent, slow lifeworld: the communication experience of nonvocal ventilated patients. Qual Health Res. 2007;17:1165–77.
[4]. Engstrom A, Nystrom N, Sundelin G, Rattray J. People's experiences of being mechanically ventilated in an ICU: a qualitative study. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2013;
[5]. Guttormson JL, Bremer KL, Jones RM. "Not being able to talk was horrid": a descriptive, correlational study of communication during mechanical ventilation. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2015;31:179–86.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Priority Nursing Diagnosis Overview In Outpatient Nursing Care At The General Hospital
Country	:	Indonesia
Authors	:	Iin Inayah
	:	10.9790/1959-0702015658

Abstract: Current outpatient nursing services have not generally been implemented in accordance with the nurse's clinical credentials / authority and have not met the standards of nursing service. Nursing diagnoses in outpatients generally have not been enforced. This study aims to identify a description of priority nursing diagnoses in general outpatient and hospital surgery. This research uses quantitative method of frequency description. Exploration was conducted on 100 patients in general outpatient and surgical medical. The results yielded 10 priority nursing diagnoses, in which the highest priority nursing diagnosis was pain (90%). It is recommended that outpatient general hospitals develop pain management and are advised to conduct priority nursing diagnosis studies in other outpatient settings, since child outpatient and maternity outpatient rooms will have different priority diagnosis nursing characteristics.

Keywords: Nursing diagnosis, outpatient hospital

[1]. American Nurses Association. (ANA). (2015). Risk and Responsibility in Providing Nursing Care. ANA.USA.
[2]. ANA. (2015). Delegation Principle. ANA Publishing. USA
[3]. Bowman, M. (2013). The Professional Nurse: Coping with Change, Now and the Future. Springer Science Business Media. England.
[4]. Burci. (2013). World Health Organization. Kluwer Law International.
[5]. Chacko, K.M. et all. (2007). Teaching Models for Outpatients Medicine. Clin Teach. 2007;4:82086.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Assessment of Knowledge on Prevention and Management of Biopsychosocial Problems
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Paulraj S || Dr. M. Jeyagowri || Dr. Ananda BB
	:	10.9790/1959-0702015967

Abstract: A research study entitled "A study to assess the knowledge on prevention and management of biopsychosocial problems among the software professionals at Chennai" was conducted. The objective of the study was to identify the knowledge among software professionals on prevention and management of biopsychosocial problems. The research approach was descriptive survey and the design was descriptive correlation design. Systematic sampling technique was used for this study. Data were collected using structured knowledge questionnaire. Content validity was established and modifications was made based on the experts suggestions. Reliability was established for the research tool and was found to be reliable (r=0.85). Pilot study was conducted among 40 software professionals who fulfilled the sampling criteria the study.........

Keywords: Assessment, Knowledge, Biopsychosocial problems, Software professionals

[1] World health organization. Retrieved from http://www.worldhealthorganization.com.

[2] Sami, Lalitha, K. & Rabia. (2014). Impact of electronic services on users: a study. University of Florence, 1(2), 1-3.

[3] Rajesh, K., Roshan, L., Yashu, B. & Saran, K.S. (2013). Technostress in relation to job satisfaction and organizational commitment among IT professionals. International journal of scientific and research publications, 3(12), 1-3.

[4] Better health channel. Retrieved from http://www.betterhealthchannel.com.

[5] Microhealth. Retrieved from https://microhealthllc.com

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	TheEffectiveness of Nursing Educational Intervention OnImproving Fatigue Levels Among Egyptian Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Undergoing Antiviral Therapy
Country	:	Egypt
Authors	:	Sabah Elgendi || AmanyShebl || WafaaIsmaeil || Mohga Sliem || Faye A. Gary
	:	10.9790/1959-0702016874

Abstract: Background:Fatigue is a common side effect of antiviral therapy that affects patients' overall wellbeing. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a nursing intervention for reducing fatigue levels among Egyptian patients infected with hepatitis C virus and enrolled in an antiviral therapy program with dailySofosbuvir (SOF) 400mg and ribavirin (RBV)1000-1200mg. Design:Aquasi-experimental research design was conducted on a convenience sample of 100 patients complaining of fatigue. Measurements: Afatigue severity scale (FSS) measurement was used to assess fatigue levels in pre and post program implementation..........

Keywords: Antiviral therapy, Egyptian patients, Fatigue levels.

[1] World health organization. (2014). Global distribution and prevalence of hepatitis c virus retrieved December 2015 from: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hep.27259/abstract
[2] Lynch,S.M. & Wu,G.Y.(2016). Hepatitis C Virus: A Review of Treatment Guidelines, Cost-effectiveness, and Access to Therapy. Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatololgy , 4(4),310–319, Retrieved December 2015,from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5225151/
[3] Averhoff,M. , Glass,N., & Holtzman,D.(2012). Global Burden of Hepatitis C: Considerations for Healthcare Providers in the United States Francisco. Clinical Infectious Diseases55(1); 10-15.Retrieved May13, 2016 from: http://cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/55/suppl_1/S10
[4] Centers for disease control and prevention. (2016). Hepatitis C FAQS for the public. Retrieved November 1,2016 from: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/hcv/cfaq.htm
[5] Liu, G.G., Yuan, Y., Wagner, J.S., L'Italien, G.J., Langley, P., &Kamae, I. (2012). The burden of illness for patients with viral hepatitis C: Evidence from a national survey in Japan. Value Health;15(1): S65–71 Retrieved August 10, 2016 from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22265070

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effectiveness of Communication Skills Training Program on Empathetic Skill and Communication Self Efficacy of Pediatric Oncology Nurses
Country	:	Egypt
Authors	:	Sahar Mahmoud || Mona Hassan
	:	10.9790/1959-0702017585

Abstract: Background: Effective communication usually reduces stress, anxiety, and uncertainty in patients and simultaneously influences the rate of patients' recovery, ability to comply with treatments, and psychosocial adjustment. The aim of this study was evaluating effectiveness of communication skills training program on empathetic skill and self efficacy of pediatric oncology nurses. Study design. This study was a quasi experimental research design. Setting. The study was conducted at inpatient departments of both hematology and oncology units of pediatric hospital affiliated to Ain shams university hospitals. Subjects. The study subjects consisted of forty one pediatric oncology nurses. Data collection tools: -Socio-demographic structured questionnaire, Communication Self efficacy questionnaire, Empathy and Communication Skills Performances Checklist. Results: the majority.........

Keywords: Communication Skills Program – Empathetic Skill- Self Efficacy – Pediatric Oncology Nurses

[1] Alkan, Ali .(2017) The effects of Nurses‟ Empathy Skills on Attitudes towards Patients with Cancer. Journal of clinical and experimental investigation. Volume 8,( 2) June .32
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[3] Bulotiene , G . and Jagelaviciute , G. (2015) Assessment of the efficacy of communication skills training program for oncologists. ACTA MEDICA LITUANICA. Vol. 22. No. 4. 217
[4] Chinweuba ,U.A., Anarado ,N.A., Nwonu.,J.E. Okoronkwo ,L.J. Agbapuonwu.,E.A and Splendor.,I.C (2013) Nurses‟ Use of Facilitating and Blocking Communication Behaviors in Cancer Care. Journal of Nursing and Health Science. Volume 2, Issue 5.49
[5] Chowdhry S.(2010) Exploring the concept of empathy in nursing: can it lead to abuse of patient trust? Nurs Times. 106(42):22

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Relationship between Locus of Control and Suicide Attitude among Adolescents Commit Suicide Attempt
Country	:	Egypt
Authors	:	Mona Hassan Abdel Aal || Sahar Mahmoud || Hoda Saied
	:	10.9790/1959-0702018699

Abstract: Background: Adolescent suicide is a catastrophic and traumatic event for the surviving family and friends. Adolescents may experience stress due to feelings of overwork, future, and it is highly linked with depression. Locus of control construct refers to the extent to which individuals perceive reinforcement to be dependent upon their own actions. Aim: this study aimed to assess relationship between locus of control and suicide attitude among adolescents commit suicide attempt. Design: A descriptive co- relational research design was adopted to fulfill the aim of this study. Setting: this study was conducted at poisoning center treatment affiliated to Ain Shams university hospitals Subjects: Sample size was150 adolescents attend with suicide attempt. Tools of data collection: Tool (I): A structured Interview Questionnaire. Tool (II): Beck's Suicide Intent Scale. Tool (III): Behaviors associated with suicide attempt..........

Keywords: Locus of Control - Suicide Attitude –Adolescents- Suicide Attempt

[1]. Afghah, S., Aghahasani, M., Noori-Khajavi, M., & Tavakoli, E. (2014): Survey of suicide attempts in Sari,Iran J Psychiatry; 9(2) 89-95. [2]. Anan, E. (2016):Suicide in Egypt: Psychological or Political Crime?, available at (http://www.noonpost.org.).
[3]. Beck, A.T., Schuyler, D., Herman, I., (1974a) . Development of suicide intent scales .In: Beck, A.T., Resnik, H.L.P., Lettieri, D.J. (Eds.), The Prediction of Suicide .Charles Press, Philadelphia, PA, pp. 45–56.
[4]. Bhuiyan,Y.M (2006) Attitudes towards suicide behavior among adolescents in Bangladesh. Master's in Public Health. Umea International School of Public school:12
[5]. Brent,A., Goldstein,R., and Bridge,A.J (2006) Adolescent suicide and suicide behavior. journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 47:3/4 :382