iosr-JNHS   Volume-9 ~ Issue-4 ~ July - Aug. 2020

Abstract: Background &aims:Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a progressive disorder which causes deterioration and regeneration of parenchymal cells in liver and has become an increasingly important public health issue worldwide. Cognitive impairment together with depression may substantially diminish the functional capacity of life in patients with CLD. Many a times both cognitive impairment and depression are not observed by health workers and not assessed in clinical area routinely. Therefore, studies in this area are vital to fulfil the gap of practice and this can facilitate the nursing personnel to support clinician in this challenging area. The aim of the present study was to assess the cognitive function and depression level of patients with CLD and compare withhealthy controls.Methods: A case control study was conducted in hepatology department of selected hospital on patients with CLD and healthy......

Keyword: Cognitive Function, Depression level, Patients with CLD, Healthy controls

[1]. Abrantes, J., Torres, D. S., & Mello, C. E. B. (2013). Patients with hepatitis C infection and normal liver function: an evaluation of cognitive function. Postgraduate Medical Journal;89:433-439. Retrieved from: http://dx.doi. org/10.1136/ postgradmedj-2012-131337.
[2]. Aghanwa, H.S., &Ndububa, D. (2002). Specific psychiatric morbidity in liver cirrhosis in a Nigerian general hospital setting. General Hospital Psychiatry;24(6):436−41. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/S0163-8343(02)00206-2
[3]. Altindag, A., Cadirci, D.,&Sirmatel, F.(2009). Depression and health related quality of life in non-cirrhotic chronic hepatitis B patients and hepatitis B carriers. Neurosciences (Riyadh);14(1):56-9. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21048575
[4]. American Gastroenterological Association. (2011, March 18). Doctors should evaluate liver disease patients for cognitive impairment, address driving safety, experts urge. ScienceDaily. Retrieved from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/03/110318102248.htm

Abstract: Background: Academic agencies are increasingly looking forgood protocols that require interdisciplinary and collaborative teams for a scientific issue. Design of research protocols is challenging and often difficultbecause of the difficulty involved in integrating the differing characteristics of manycorrections to develop a single, consistent document. So, the aim of this study is to Develop and Validate an Instrument to Evaluate Research Protocols. Subjects and Methods: This study followed the process for instrument development outlined by Polit& Beck (2012). Results; the findings of this study showedhigh internal consistency since the Cronbach alpha coefficient reached the 0.82, also agreed responses of face and content validity of experts opinions. Conclusion: The scale has acceptable score of the reliability in all dimensions. Additional saturations of each item with their respective factors have high values. So we can say that this study has generated a valid measure that can evaluate research proposals instrument, since the results presented, as a whole, confirm the high reliability, also appropriate face validity and content

Keywords: research protocols, validity & reliability.

[1]. Aguilar H. C., Cortés P.P., Guerrero A. V., Herrera C. D. & Orozco J. T., 2011; Construction And Validation Of An Instrument To Evaluate Critical Reading Of Research Papers. Proceedings of ICERI2011 Conference.14th-16th November 2011, Madrid, Spain. ISBN: 978-84-615-3324-4.
[2]. Alvarado F. C., Leon M. P., Colon A. M., 2016; Design And Validation Of A Questionnaire To Measure Research Skills: Experience With Engineering Students. Journal of Technology and Science Education. JOTSE, 2016 – 6(3): 219-233 – Online ISSN: 2013-6374 – Print ISSN: 2014-5349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jotse.227.
[3]. Artino, Anthony R., Jeffrey S. La Rochelle, Kent J. Dezee,and Hunter Gehlbach. 2014. "Developing questionnaires foreducational research: AMEE Guide No. 87." Medical Teacher36 (6): 463-474. doi:10.3109/0142159X.2014.889814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/0142159X.2014.889814.
[4]. Bastidas, V. (2013).AprendizajeBasado en Investigacion.Retrieved from:http://sitios.itesm.mx/va/dide2/tecnicas_didacticas/abi/abi.htm.
[5]. Committee for the Evaluation of Research.2017; Guidelines for Research Evaluation.Ministero Dell Ricerca University.Italy a published report

Abstract: Background and objective:Hearing voices is a common experience which frequently associated with psychosis with different psychological impact; some voices can be positive and comforting, while others, dominant and distressing.The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the mindfulness of voices and hearing voices distress in schizophrenic auditory hallucinating patient.Methods: Design and participants: A descriptive correlation design was utilized in the current study. A convenient sample of140 schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucination was recruited. Setting: The study was conducted at inpatient psychiatric departmentof Tanta Mental Health Hospital.Tools: socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, Tool II: -Southampton Mindfulness of Voices Questionnaire......

Key words: Mindfulness, distress, schizophrenia, auditory hallucinating voices.

[1]. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. 2013 doi: 10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.989071.
[2]. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Psychosis and schizophrenia in adults: treatment and management. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2014
[3]. Schizophrenia Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci. Nature,2014;511(7510), 421-427. doi: 10.1101/002931.
[4]. Bhati, M. T. Defining psychosis: the evolution of DSM- 5 schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Current Psychiatry Reports, 2013; 15(11), 1-7. doi: 10.1007/s11920-013-0409-9.
[5]. 5Slotema,C.W.,Daalman,K.,Blom,J.D.,Diederen,K.M.,Hoek,H.W.,andSommer,I.E.C.Auditoryverbalhallucinationsinpatients with borderline personality disorder are similar to those in schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, 2012 ; 42,1873–8. doi:10.1017/S0033291712000165

Abstract: Covid-19 is a pandemic disease which makes the complete world to be in tensed. But the people are more over been aware about Covid-19 and how to prevent an d how to take care to be free from Covid-19. And also many institutions have shown their attitude towards the living capacities and helping with charity. Appreciation towards missionaries and cini industries are most gracious.

Key words: Covid-19
 History
 Prevention
 Management.

[1]. Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Situation Dashboard, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://experience.arcgis.com/experience/685d0ace521648f8a5beeeee1b9125cd [2]. SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome. NHS Choices. United Kingdom: National Health Service. 3 October 2014. [3]. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) – United Arab Emirates. World Health Organization. 31 January 2020. a. - Middle East respiratory syndrome. Zumla A, Hui DS, Perlman S. Lancet. September 2015. b. – Global Health Security Index. Nuclear Threat Initiative, Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, Economist Intelligence Unit. 2019. https://www.ghsindex.org/about/ [4]. World Health Organization. Infection prevention and control of epidemic- and pandemic-prone acute respiratory infections in health care. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014 Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/112656/9789241507134_eng.pdf?sequence=1
[5]. Liu J, Liao X, Qian S et al. Community transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, Shenzhen, China, 2020. Emerg Infect Dis 2020 doi.org/10.3201/eid2606.200239

Abstract: Anemia is a condition with a reduced amount of total blood cell (RBC) or blood hemoglobin or reduced blood oxygen-carrying capacity. Blood loss, decreased production of red blood cells and increased breakdown of red blood cells can cause anemia. Trauma and gastrointestinal bleeding are a source of blood loss, but certain factors, including iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, lower erythropoietin level, slight bone marrow neoplasm thalassemia, genetic disorders such as sickle cell, parasitic infection including malariaand other autoimmune diseases are the causes of lower erythrocytes. Anemia is also associated with oxidative stress owing to two processes. Oxidative stress affects the function of the kidney......

Key words: Anemia, Oxidative Stress, Red blood cell, Erythropoiesis, Hemoglobin

[1]. Aapro, M. S., &Linkb, H. (2008). Anemia Management with Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents. The Oncologist, 13, 33-36. [2]. Amer, J., Atlas, D., &Fibach, E. (2008). N-acetylcysteine amide (AD4) attenuates oxidative stress in beta-thalassemia blood cells. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-General Subjects, 1780(2), 249-255. [3]. Beutler, E., &Waalen, J. (2006). The definition of anemia: what is the lower limit of normal of the blood hemoglobin concentration? Blood, 107(5), 1747-1750. [4]. Birben, E., Sahiner, U. M., Sackesen, C., Erzurum, S., &Kalayci, O. (2012). Oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. World Allergy Organization Journal, 5(1), 9-19. [5]. Bissinger, R., Bhuyan, A. A. M., Qadri, S. M., & Lang, F. (2019). Oxidative stress, eryptosis and anemia: a pivotal mechanistic nexus in systemic diseases. The FEBS journal, 286(5), 826-854.

Abstract: Every individual is having their own perception for attaining their goals, standards, and expectations about their value system which affects the individual person's Physical health, Psychological health, Level of independence, Social and environmental relationships, etc. Beta (β) Thalassemia Major is a single gene autosomal recessive pattern of a disease that causes the inadequate production of normal haemoglobin due to absence or decreased synthesis of one of the normal β globulin chains of haemoglobin which further leads to severe haemolytic anaemia and chronic hypoxia and related complications.Timely assessment and intervention of certain factors can prevent these complications in some extent and for this needed some theoretical bases to understand the whole concept. Three concepts,(1)Quality of life developed by Dr Robert Schalock3,(2) Maslow's Hierarchy of needs4 and (3)Virginia Henderson ;Need theory with 14 basic needs adopted 5to develop a Thalassemia disease specific quality of life (QOL......

Key words: QOL/QoL: Quality of life, Delphi technique,β : Beta thalassemia.

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[3]. Scalock R. What is quality of life? Internationally validated framework. http://www.who.int/healthinfo/survey/whoqol-ualityoflife/en/indexx4.html.
[4]. Marlow RD. Textbook of pediatric nursing, 6th ed. Philadelphia: Saunders; 2001.20-22
[5]. Smith MC, Parker ME. Nursing theories and nursing practice.FA Davis;2015 Feb3.55-57.

Abstract: Overweight and obesity is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality as well as reduced life expectancy. Aim: to assess and compare the physical activities among overweight adolescents before and after teaching and text message based intervention in experimental and comparison group and to determine the association of physical activities among overweight adolescents with their selected variables in experimental and comparison group. Method: A quasi experimental non equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used for the study. Fifty nine (59) overweight adolescents were selected by using purposive sampling technique. The data was collected by rating scale to assess the physical activities for overweight. Reliability of the tool was established by Cronbach's alpha and was found......

Key words: Overweight adolescents, physical activities, teaching and text message based intervention

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[2]. WHO Facts and figures on childhood obesity. 2014. Available from: http://www.who.int/end-childhood-obesity/facts/en/
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[4]. Childhood obesity: Kids glued to video games at higher risk of diabetes. 2016. Available from: http://www.hindustantimes.com/health-and-fitness/childhood-obesity-kids-glued-to-video-games-at-higher-risk-of-diabetes/story-crQ6Va0MRneSeTemvc281H.html
[5]. ACSM report. Physical activity in children and adolescents. Availabe from: https://www.acsm.org/docs/default-source/brochures/physical-activity-in-children-and-adolescents.pdf