IOSR-JBM   Volume-16 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug-2014

Abstract: Indian economy is one of the rapidly growing economies of the world where more than 50% people belong to middle class and lower class, their annual income fall up to rupees 10 lacs (acc to NCAER's definition). Middle class population is the key element for economic development of India. They influence demand and supply of need and comfort products at a great extent. Their saving and investment pattern gets influenced by their future needs, have wide scope for researchers due to greater impact on the investment market. In this paper, researchers want to discuss about investment behavior adopted by middle class as seeker, included both groups engaged in either service or business, whose income exist between Rs.2,00,000 to Rs.5,00,000 per annum. The reason behind selecting the particular income group is to find that how to manage their investment with small income after spend their hug expenses. The study has conducted to answer few important questions about preferences of the investment instrument as real estate, bullion, precious stones, money market and capital market etc., investment pattern adopted in a specific manner and objectives behind opting a particular investment instrument. Investment is one of the major issues of the class families as their small saving today is to meet the expenses of tomorrow. So this study also examines the risk bearing capacity, management between expenses and saving and other factors which influence their investment decision.
Keywords: Seeker, Capital Market, Real Estate, Bank & Post office deposits, Risk bearing capacity

[1]. Chaturvedi, Meenakshi and Khare,Shruti (2012) "Study of Saving Pattern and Investment Preferences of Individual Household in India" International Journal of Research in Commerce and Management, Volume No.3, May 2012,Issue No.5, ISSN 0976-2183.

[2]. Hosamane,D.Manjappa and Niranjan, R (2010) "Determinants of Investment Pattern In Indian Manufacturing Industries A Panel Data Study" Indian Journal Of Economics & Business, Vol. 9, No. 1, (2010) : 207-218.

[3]. Indian income-class opportunities (2012), report published by Gyan research and analytics Pvt. Ltd.

[4]. Kabra, Gaurav; Kumar, Prashant and Dash, Kumar, Manoj (2010) "Factors Influencing Investment Decision of Generation in India: An Econometric Study" Asian Journal of Management Research ISSN2229-3795 2010.

[5]. Kaur, Mandeep and Vohra, Tina (2012) "Understanding Individual Investor‟s Behavior: A Review of Empirical Evidence" Pacific Business Review International, Volume 5, Issue 6, December2012.

Abstract: This study investigated the factors affecting performance of Business Management students in Nigerian Universities. The main objective is to examine the impact of the factors on the performance of Business Management students. Survey research design was used in this study to gather the necessary data; the data were collected from primary and secondary sources. A sample of 200 students drawn from the 300 population was used in the study which was analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test statistics. The results showed that the performance of business management students in Nigerian universities is influenced by several factors ranging from business course curriculum to the role of the department and the level of support services facilities, as well as adopted teaching methodology and quantitative courses taught in business management. The role of the department was found to exhibits the most significant impact, while support services facilities exhibits the least impact. The study however, recommended the provision of adequate learning facilities such as lecture classes/ theatres, hostel accommodation, functional computers and medical services to make the environment conducive for teaching and learning.

Key Words: Business Course Curriculum, Business Management, Nigerian Universities, Role of Department, Students Performance, Support Services Facilities

[1] G O Gedion Mode of Admission and Undergraduate Academic Performance: A Comparative Study in Delta State University. Journal of Educational and Social Research, 2(3), 2012

[2] S K Manan, and R. Mohamad, Kajian mengenaipencapainakademik pelajar-pelajar di UITM Shan Alam: Satuanalisa perbanlinganantara jantina, Social and Management Research Journal, 1(1), 2003.

[3] A Norhidayah, The Factors Influencing Students' performance at Universiti Teknologi MARA Kedah,Malaysia. Management Science and Engineering 3(4), 2009, 81-90.

[4] O. A. Afemikhe, Selection into Nigeria University, Paper presented at the Annual Conference of International Association for Educational Assessment, 2005.

[5] B. Akpan, Marketing Strategy: The Basic Concept (Zaria: Dada Press, 2003).

Abstract: Trade in counterfeit products has become one of the world leading illegal activities accounting for billions of dollars exchanged annually. It is estimated that the trade is worth over USD 600 billion far much higher than the GDP of many developing countries. This study sought to identify factors behind this menace that is costly to individuals, companies and governments. Methodology of the study involved a cross-sectional design where a sample of 142 respondents was picked randomly to fill a questionnaire. The respondents were from middle-income families and the upper class in Kenya. This study identified perception of youthfulness, weak regulations, weak branding, external influence, irresponsibility and moral decline as some of the major factors driving counterfeit trade. Ignorance and poverty were also identified as factors contributing to this phenomenon. The study recommends more awareness campaigns even among the educated to be increased as well as development of more severe penalties on those who trade with counterfeit to deter its growth. More studies should be carried out to establish the extent to which decline in moral standards globally has contributed to this phenomenon.

Key words: Counterfeit, purchasing behavior, ICT products and youth

[1]. Ang, S., Cheng, P., Lim. E. and Tambyah, S. (2001) "Spot the difference: consumer response towards counterfeits" Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 18 No. 3 pp. 219-235.
[2]. Bian, X. and Moutinho, L. (2011). "Counterfeits and branded products: effects of counterfeit ownership" Journal of Products & Brand Management, Vol. 20. No. 5 pp. 379-393.
[3]. Fan, W., Lan, C., Huang, Y. and Chang, R. (2013) "A study on purchasing behaviour of teenagers in Taiwan: example of counterfeit goods" Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 43, pp. 1289-1300.
[4]. Hamelin, N., Nwankwo, S. and Hadouchi, R. (2013) "Faking brands: consumer responses to counterfeiting" Journal of Consumer Behaviour, Vol. 15 pp. 159-170.
[5]. Kempen, L.V. (2003) "Fooling the eyes of the beholder: deceptives status signalling among the poor in developing countries" Journal of International Development, Vol 15, pp. 157-177..

Abstract: The field of entrepreneurship is still a relative one that is less explored, and many opinions in regard todefining the concepts of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs remain the same. Entrepreneurship entails forming a new organization or restructuring anorganization which has already been in existence. This is an entirely differentfield involving unique personality traits on the part of the entrepreneur, such as good communicationskills, patience, foresightedness, and many more traits, which heads his personality to a brighter side.A trial was made by thispaper to take a cursory look on the significant of entrepreneurs' profile.To achieve this purpose several issues such as conceptual andtheoretical framework and empirical studies of entrepreneurial profile were analytically reviewed. The analysis of the studycorroborate those of Neshamba (2000) and Iyayi et al. (2012) and confirms existing theories in the field which support the belief that most successful entrepreneurs in Nigeria conformed to all, or some, of those personal characteristics(e.g. Hard work, Self-starting, Setting of personal goals, Confidence, Receptivity to new ideas, Assertiveness, Information-seeking, and Attuned to opportunity) that were found by the Hawai Entrepreneur Training and Development Institute (HETDI)in entrepreneurs of other countries. The study conclude that the profile of the Nigerian entrepreneurs is not significantly different from those in foreign countries but what makes the foreign entrepreneurs more successful than the Nigerian entrepreneurs is that they have a system that works unlike Nigeria that is characterized by inadequate infrastructures, high level of governmentinterference and political instability, lack of technological education, mistrust and dishonesty, and high level of corruption. The study recommended that government has to provide required supports for development of entrepreneurship, addressing identified problems and the need to involve the entrepreneurs in policy formulation and execution for maximum effect.

Key words: Entrepreneurs, Profiling, entrepreneur characteristics, social psychology, personality, cognition

[1]. Akande, A. (1994): Coping with entrepreneurial stress: Evidence from Nigeria. Journal of Small Business Management, 32, 83-87.
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[3]. Baron, R.A and Henry, R.A (2010): How Entrepreneurs Acquire the Capacity to Excel: Insights From Research on Expert Performance, Strateg. Entrep. J., 4(1): 49–65.
[4]. Benzing, C., Chu, H.M., &Callanan, G. (2005): Regional comparison of the motivation and problems of Vietnamese entrepreneurs. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 10, 3-27.
[5]. Blackman, A.J. (2003): Entrepreneurs; Interrelationships between their Characteristics, Values, Expectations, Management Practices and SME Performance; Unpublished Ph.D Dissertation – Department of Management Griffith University

Abstract: With the opening of the countries' economies to the international competition which has become harder and harder, The Human resources (HR) which were considered for a long time as a "cost to be supported" by companies, is perceived today as "a real investment" that has to be constantly valued in order to take the best advantage of it. Systems of values, attitudes and behaviors which are their results have a considerable influence on the performance level of the staff. The tangible adhesion of the staff in the company'sobjectives and their commitment in the process of change, make today, the reflection on the degree of relevance of unavoidable motivation and evaluation techniques. In spite of the variety of the experiences, the diversity of the diagnoses and the analyses of various companies regarding the problem of Human resources management ( HRM), there is a consensus, not formal, but active, on the necessity of setting up a new conception and a new vision of the HRM.

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Abstract: Increasing the stockholders' wealth and explicit prospect of profitability specially is noteworthy for managers. There are various factors involve in companies profitability. Finding these reveal or hide factors and demonstrating their relation with profitability of companies, is a demand from managers and beneficiaries. In recent years, it is talk about a latent resource in companies as intellectual capital and some patterns offered for measuring it; then its relation with different items investigated. In this regard, the present research investigate the relation between grow rate of intellectual capital and future profitability of productive companies that accepted in Tehran stock exchange. For this purpose, the return on sales , return on equity, return on asset and circulating capital return, all used for determining the future profitability; and the financial lever and company size used as control variables. The time scale of this research is from 2008 to 2013. and it covers 97 companies. The results of this research show that there is a direct relation between grow rate of intellectual capital and future profitability of companies. In addition, the financial lever as a control variable has a significant coefficient in all hypothesizes. This result obtained from real data for those managers that increasing the wealth and interest for company is a central point in their long and short time goals, so this is a thinkable issue.

Keywords: grow rate of intellectual capital, future profitability, the Tehran Stock Exchange

[1]. Bontis, N. 2003. Intellecual capital disclosure in Canadian corporation. Journal of Human Resource Costing and Accounting. Vol. 7, No. 1/2, pp. 9-20.
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[3]. Chang ,W, Hsieh,J,(2011)," The dynamics of intellectual capital in organizational development" African Journal of Business Management Vol. 5(6), pp.2345-2355.
[4]. Edvinsson L, Malone M (1999). Intellectual capital realizing your company's true value by finding its hidden roots, Harper Business, New York
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Abstract: In this period of global economic crisis, many business organizations have collapsed while many others are on the brink of collapsing. Many of those companies flourishing before have now laid-off their workers as financial activities are in low ebb. Loans are highly difficult to secure from the banks for business activities as most banks are merging with others to avoid collapse. Many white collar jobs are heading extinction. This paper therefore, presented issues in entrepreneurship training in Nigerian and also stated its roles in this time of global economic crisis. It suggested entrepreneurial development studies as tool for sustainable economic growth and development in the country. The paper reviewed literatures on relevant concepts and suggested among others that entrepreneurship training should be taken serious in Nigerian higher education institutions since it equips learners to be self-employed and entrepreneurs capable of contributing to Nigeria's economic growth.

Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Development Studies, Self-reliant, Economic growth

[1]. Achado, Y. A. (2004). MBA Project. Development of Private Entrepreneurship in Nigeria: Case Study of Benue State. 17-25
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[3]. Baldwin, F. D. (2002). Teaching Entrepreneurship Skills to Youth. Journal of Business Venturing 16 (2), 345-355. Columbia Enclopedia (6th Education) Colombia University press.
[4]. Banjoko, M., O. (2013). Incorporating Entrepreneurship Education into Building Technology Education Curriculum in Technical Colleges in a Developing Economy. Technology Education Journal. 9 (1) 27-33
[5]. Dike, V., E. (2009). Global Economic Crisis and Power of Productivity. Retrieved from html:file//Economy%20meltdownthe20%Nigeria% 20village%Square-20G. 30th October, 2013

Abstract: The study investigated the work performance and the leadership styles of the workers in the Chittoor Sugar factory located at the Chittoor town of South India in order to know the correlation between the work performance and the leadership style of the workers. The study mainly concentrated on the three interesting leadership styles that are at the top, bottom and the middle of the leadership authority hierarchy, namely the autocratic, democratic and the laissez-faire leadership styles. Upon study it has been found that the more productive workers are indeed inclined towards the autocratic leadership style, the least productive workers have more of the laissez-faire leadership styles and the medium productive workers are more inclined toward the democratic style.

Keywords: autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire, leadership styles, workers, worker's productivity

[1]. Adeyemi, T.O., 2004. Educational Administration An Introduction. Greenline Publishers. Ado-Ekiti.
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[5]. Andrew J. Dubrin, (2009), Leadership: Research Findings, Practice and Skills, 5 Ed, Houghton Mufiilin co., Boston, USA.

Abstract: The Small Scale industries play a significant role in boosting the economic growth of an economy. The small scale industries set up by the innovative entrepreneurs in different States of India have contributed to the increased shares in the overall production, fixed investment, export, employment and capacity utilization of SSI units. The importance of SSI sector in providing significant employment is of paramount importance. The policy framework right from First five years plan has highlighted the latent need for the development of SSI sector keeping in view its strategic importance in the economic development of country. In this chapter, the performance of Small Scale sector.....

[1]. Agarwal, Manmohan (2008), "Changing Economic Power in the World Economy", RIS Discussion Paper, RIS-DP-143, September 2008.
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[4]. Bhavani, T. A. (2002), "Small-Scale Units in the Era of Globalization: Problems and Prospects", Economic and Political Weekly, July 20.
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