IOSR-JBM   Volume-17 ~ Issue-10 ~ October-2015

Abstract: An integrated management system results when an organization uses one single management system to manage multiple aspects of organizational performance. This paper discusses about the various management systems that can be integrated. It also explains about the management system and its corresponding ISO standard. It details about the management standards approach and structure, its benefits and compatibility with other standards.

Keywords: Integrated Management System, International Organisation for Standardization, Quality Management system, Environmental Management System, Occupational Health & Safety Management System, Information Security Management System

[1] Annex SL (normative) Proposals for management system standards.

[2] ISO/CD 9001 Quality Management Systems – Requirements.

[3] ISO/CD 14001 Environmental Management Systems – Requirements.

[4] ISO/CD 18001 Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems – Requirements.

[5] ISO/CD 27001 Information Security Management Systems – Requirements.

Abstract: Retail transformation is considered as one of the latest marketing milestones across the world and Indian scenario is no exception. Stiff competition is observed among different retail chain stores and operating Private Label Brands is one way of realizing profits. PLBs are products that are made and sold exclusively within the same outlets. They are often sold at lower price than manufacturer brands. In this context a survey was held to understand the perceptions of 275 select respondents towards these PLBs in comparison with Manufacturer brands in various product categories like Groceries, Food items, FMCGs, Sport utilities etc.,. The study employed Rank Correlation, Percentages and Averages to examine the data. The results reveal that high priority was given to PLBs in some product categories where as average and low ranking was given in some other product categories.

Key words: PLBs (Private Label Brands), Manufacturer Brands, Retail chain stores, FMCG

i Kurt Salmon Associates ,Consumer Outlook,'98,p.14
ii Murray Raphel, "Branded", Direct Marketing, July, 1999, p.29.
iii David Dunne and Chakravarthi Narasimhan," The New Appeal of Private Labels", HBR, vol.77, May- June,1999,p.42
iv Edward Bettigole," 21st Century Category Management", Progressive Grocer,November,1999,p.7.
v Labeaga J Lado N, Martos Voges(2007), "Behavioural Loyalty toward store brands", Retailing Consumer Survey,1(1),pp,1-10.
vi Huang M & Kevin E Voges (2011), "The propensity to purchase private brands by Chinese consumers" ,International review of
Business Research papers,7(2),pp.1-10.

Abstract: Today, almost all banks have adopted ICT as a means of enhancing their banking service quality. These banks provide ICT based electronic service which is also called electronic banking, internet banking or online banking etc to their customers. Despite the increasing adoption of electronic banking and it relevance towards end users satisfaction, few investigations has been conducted on factors that enhanced end users satisfaction perception. In this research, an empirical analysis has been conducted on factors that influence electronic banking user's satisfaction perception and the relationship between these factors and the customer's satisfaction. The study will help bank industries in improving the level of their customer's satisfaction and increase the bond between a bank and its customer.

Keywords: Customer, e-banking, Internet, perception, Quality

1] R. G. Ahangar, An Investigation into the Determinant of Customers‟ Preferences and Satisfaction of Internet Banking, Journal ofApplied Sciences.Vol. 11(3), 2011.
[2] T.C.E. Cheng, D.Y.C. Lam, A.C.L. Yeung, Adoption of Internet Banking: An Empirical Study in Hong Kong. DecisionSupportSystems, Vol. 42, 2006, 1558 – 1572.
[3] A.N. Riyadh, M.S. Akter, N. Islam, The adoption of E-banking in developing countries : A Theoretical Model for SMEs. Int. Rev. Bus. Res. Pap.5(6), 2009, 212– 230.
[4] B. Addai, B. Ameyaw, E. Ashalley, I. Quaye, Electronic Banking and Customers Satisifaction: An Emperical Evidence fromGhana. British Journal of Electronic Management and Trade 9(3), 2015.
[5] O. Onyedimekwu, M. K. Oruan, (2013).Empirical Evaluation of Customers‟ Use of Electronic Banking Systems in Nigeria. AfrJ. of Comp & ICTs, 6( 1), 2013, Pp 7-20.
[6] H. Abid, U. Noreen, Ready to e-bank: An exploratory research on adoption of e-banking and e-readiness among customers andcommercial banks in Pakistan, Spider,31(2), 2006, 1-31.

Abstract: The Telecommunications Industry of India is one of the vast and leading industries in the world connecting different parts of the country through various modes like telephone, radio, television, satellite and internet. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India governs this industry by providing a regulatory framework and favourable environment for its efficient operation. The Indian telecom industry stands as the second- largest in the world due to its rapid advancement and is in cut-throat competition with the telecom industries of the other developed countries. The telecommunication services offered by this industry are easily accessible at affordable prices to the customers of urban and rural areas of India. India's telecom network encompasses a highly developed and unique technology in the world. The present study has therefore been undertaken to analyze the history and evolution of Indian Telecom Industry while emphasizing upon its major segments, the Government Telecom policies followed for its systematic functioning and its growth and development in the present scenario along with the future opportunities for advancement.

[1]. Annual Report 2014-15, Cellular Operators Association of India. Retrieved from: http://www.coai.com/media-room/news..../coai-in.../coai-annual-report-2014-15...
[2]. Annual Report 2014-15, Department of Telecommunications, New Delhi. Retrieved from: http://www.dot.gov.in/reports-statistics/annual-report-2014-15-0.
[3]. Annual Report 2011-12, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, New Delhi. Retrieved from: http://www.trai.gov.in/..../201301150318386780062Annual%20Report%20En.
[4]. Annual Report 2012-13, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, New Delhi. Retrieved from: http://www.trai.gov.in/.../AnnualReports/TRAI-English-Annual-Report-10032
[5]. Annual Report 2013-14, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India, New Delhi. Retrieved from: http://www.trai.gov.in/.../AnnualReports/TRAI-Annual-Report-(English)=010420...

Abstract: Oil palm processing and marketing in South-South Nigeria is one economic activity in which the people eke a living and sustain their lives. Despites its economic importance, the business is fraught with series of challenges begging for solutions. This study was conducted in three palm oil processing communities in Akwa Ibom State. The communities comprised Ibagwa in Abak, Mbiafun Nkuono in Ikono, and Ibesikpo in Ibesikpo-Asutan Local Government areas, respectively. Sample consisted of 136 selected respondents. Questionnaire and Oral Interview combined with Participant Observation methods were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using Simple Percentages. Findings from the study showed that, palm oil processing and marketing is a lucrative economic activity of Akwa Ibom people of the South-South, Nigeria.

[1]. Abasiekong, E. M. (1988). "Small farmers: A neglected factor in agricultural self-sufficiency in Nigeria". Strategies for National Development in Nigeria. pp 29-39.
[2]. Alan, C. (1994) "Agricultural marketing system for developing countries". Journal of work and agriculture. Washington, D. C., USA.
[3]. Ataga, D.C; C.O. Illechie and U. Omoti (1993). Small-scale palm oil processing technology in Nigeria. Paper presented to BUROTRO-AROPDA seminar on small and medium scale palm and coconut technologies, Accra, Ghana.
[4]. Almaric, F. (1988). The sustainable livelihood approaches: General report of the sustainable livelihood project 1995-1997. Society for International Development. Rome.
[5]. Carney D. (1998). Sustainable rural livelihoods: What contributions are we making? International Development and World Ecology 14 (6) 604-617.

Abstract: Opportunity identification represents a unique entrepreneurial behavior yet its processes and dynamics remain mysterious. In line with more recent process views of effectuation framework, this paper draws upon literature on effectuation theory, vis-a-vis opportunity identification. The paper delineates the domain of entrepreneurial action within the context of effectuation framework. It demonstrates the efficacy of effectuation as a framework that can be used to explain the behavior of entrepreneurs in the process of opportunities identifications. The methodology to be employed is the analytical research of existing literature about the role of effectuation as an alternative paradigm to opportunity identification for creation of new venture enterprise.

Keywords: Opportunity identification, Enterprise creation, Effectuation theory.

[1]. Allen, K. (2003): Launching New Ventures: An Entrepreneurial Approach. Houghton Miffin, Boston, MA.
[2]. Caplan, B. (1999): The Australian Search for Realistic Foundations. Southern Economics Journal 65(4), 823-828
[3]. Cassson, M, and Wadeson, N. (2007): The Discovery of Opportunities: Extending the Economic Theory of the Entrepreneur. Small Business Economics 28(4), 285-300
[4]. Chandler, G.N; DeTienne, D.R.; Mckelvie, A; and Mumford, T.V. (2011): Causation and Effectuation Processes: Validation Study. Journal of Business Venturing 25 (375-390)
[5]. Dew, N and Sarasvasthy, S.D (2001): Of Immortal Firms and Mortal Market: Dissolving the Innovator's Dilemma. Presented at the Second Annual Technology Entrepreneurship Research Conference. Robert H. Smith School of Business, University of Maryland.
[6]. Dew, N, Read, Sarasvasthy, S.D. and Wiltbank, R. (2009): Effectual Versus Predictive Logics in Entrepreneurial Decision-making: Differences between Experts and Movies. Journal of Business Venturing 24(4), 263-282

Abstract: The study was conducted to establish progress made on service delivery by ZOU Harare Regional Centre since introduction of Quality Assurance at the end of 2011. This was against a background of poor service delivery and bad media publicity by then. Students complaints took time to be addressed. Some degree programmes in Counselling and Education diplomas were suspended by the parent Ministry Quality Assurance unit, Zimbabwe Council for Higher Education (ZIMCHE). That culminated in some employers not recognising those qualifications and to a large extent losing confidence in ZOU qualifications.

[1] Bless, C. and Higson-Smith, C. (1999) Fundamentals of social research methodology, an African perspective 2nd edition, Juta and Company Ltd [2] Cresswell, J.W (2003) Research design, qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches 2nd edition, Sage publications. [3] Dr Njaya and Dr Choga (2011) Business Research Methods 1st edition, ZOU, Harare [4] Kennedy, P (2009) How to combine multiple research methods, practical triangulation Johhny Holland [5] Kothari, C.R (2004) Research methodology New Age International ltd Publishers, New Dehli [6] Denhere, S. and Uzhenyu. D. Internal quality audit report on Harare/Chitungwiza regional office, 16 March 2015 [7] Gabi, B., ZOU internal quality auditing course manual 2013

Abstract: The study was meant to establish how the informal sector could be of significance to the socio-economic development of Zimbabwe as well as enhancing sustainable development, given the fact that this sector has become Zimbabwe's largest employer. About 85% are employed by this sector, earning their living together with their families. About $7 billion is alleged to be circulating within the sector but ''outside'' best practice of involving the banking sector as well as contributing towards the fiscus. This sector is largely characterized by stagnation despite lots of potential to develop into commercial SMEs. Its phenomenal growth is attributable to the demise of the formal sector whose big industries have downsized resulting in massive retrenchments.

[1] Band, V. (1986) A study of informal sector activities in Harare, Journal of Social Development Africa

[2] Briscoe (1999), Features of informal sector [3] Cresswell, J.W. (2003) Research design, qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches Second edition, Sage publications. [4] Davies, R. (1978) The informal sector: a solution to unemployment Mambo Press, Gweru

[5] Kennedy, P. (2009) How to combine multiple research methods, practical triangulation, Johhny Holland

[6] Kothari, C.R. (2004) research methodology, New Age International Ltd Publishers, New Delhi.

[7] Leedy, P,D. and Omrod, J,E. (2015) Practical research, planning and design, 11th Edition, Pearson Publications.

[8] Mpofu, B (2012) Informal sector a threat to Zimbabwe economy, The Standard, 26/08/12.

Abstract: The Supreme Court ruling of 17th of July 2015 has culminated in over 30 000 new cases of unemployment in Zimbabwe as at the end of September 2015. This has since created poor and irreconcilable labour relations in the country particularly among employers and employees. Loss of employment has affected the livelihoods of those dismissed and their families. This has created uncertainty for the future of those currently employed including even the usually reserved and 'stable' public sector. Since then, the industrial and labour relations in Zimbabwe have been at their lowest ebb, with a lot of court battles being the order of the day but with no solution in sight at the moment. The ruling was based on common law which empowered employers to terminate one's contract of employment by giving three months notice without need to justify. The study suggests that a holistic approach to such sensitive labour issues is critical. There should be input of all key stakeholders first through the Tripartite Negotiating Forum (TNF) before deliberations by parliament to avoid non ownership of the output. Decisions could be customized at enterprise level, through the works council or at the more effective industrial level, through the Employment councils.

[1] Cresswell, J.W. (2003) Research design, qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches Second edition, Sage publications. [2] Kennedy, P.(2009) How to combine multiple research methods, practical triangulation, Johhny Holland

[3] Kothari, C.R. (2004) Research methodology, New Age International ltd publishers, New Dehli

[4] Leedy, P,D. and Omrod, J,E. (2015) Practical research, Planning and Design, 11th edition, Pearson publications

[5] Njaya , T. and Choga, F. (2011) Business Research Methods, 1st edition, ZOU, Harare
[6] www.newsdzezimbabwe (17 July 2015) Supreme Court in Shocking Labour ruling.

Abstract: Museums with its cultural significance, as an integral part of cultural heritage, play vital roles in the economic development of a country by attracting both local and foreign tourists. Museums in Bangladesh may also contribute positively to the country's economic development. This study investigates individuals' visit behavior to museums in Bangladesh and tries to identify dominant influential factors. Total fifty four (54) attributes have been taken into consideration in designing questionnaire for the study. A questionnaire survey method has been used with 220 visitors and response rate of 91 percent. Initially an exploratory factor analysis has been directed using SPSS (version 18.0).

[1] L. Kelly, Developing a model of museum visiting, Paper presented at Museums Australia Conference, Canberra, Australia, 2001. Retrieved from: http://australianmuseum.net.au/blogpost/museullaneous/models-of-museum-visiting
[2] B.H. Knondker and T. Ahsan, Background Paper on Tourism Sector, Final report, 2015 (0nline). Retrieved from: http://www.plancomm.gov.bd/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/5_Prospect-and-Strategy-for-Tourism-Development.pdf
[3] R. Isaac, Understanding the behaviour of cultural tourists; towards a classification of Dutch cultural tourists, Dissertation, NHTV International Higher Education Breda, Netherlands, 2015. Retrieved from: http://www.tram-research.com/atlas/Rami%20Issac%20PhD.pdf [4] J.G. Brida, M. Disegna and R. Scuderi, The behaviour of repeat visitors to museums: Review and empirical findings, Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Vol. 48(5), 2013, 2817-2840. [5] R. Rajesh, Impact of tourist perceptions, destination image and tourist satisfaction on destination loyalty: A conceptual model, PASOS: Revista de Turismoy Patrimonio Cultural, Vol. 11(3), 2013, 67-78.

Abstract: This paper deals with the different debates for and against free-trade. Secondly, it analyses the impact of policy liberalization (especially trade policy) on the industrial sector of an economy. And lastly, we analyze the impact of free-trade policy on Pakistan's manufacturing concern and we empirically show that there is a negative correlation between Trade openness and manufacturing output of Pakistan. The question arises 'Why the industrial sector?' This is because the industry is the lifeblood of any economic system. Increase in industrial output causes growth in all other sectors, such as services sector, fiscal sector and the substructure. The manufacturing sector is the locomotive of development.

[1] Abbas, Syed Kanwar, Asad Zaman, and Aliya H. Khan. "Efficiency Wage Hypothesis—The Case of Pakistan [with Comments]." The Pakistan Development Review (2005): 1051-1066.
[2] Bairoch, P. (1995). Economics and world history: myths and paradoxes. University of Chicago Press.
[3] Bairoch, P., & Kozul-Wright, R. (1996, March). Globalization myths: some historical reflections on integration, industrialization and growth in the world economy. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
[4] Bairoch, P., & Kozul-Wright, R. (1996,). Globalization myths: some historical reflections on integration, industrialization and growth in the world economy. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
[5] Cruz, M. (2008). Can free trade guarantee gains from trade? (No. 2008.97). Research paper/UNU-WIDER.

Abstract: Hospital A went for REIT exercise in October 2009. By doing this exercise, REIT took over the building and the land with the payment of RM 48 million which was divided into RM 23 million cash and RM 25 million in term of shares so that the hospital would enjoy yearly dividend. With this exercise, Hospital A was able to settle loans given by the Parent company and bank and also outstanding payment to suppliers. However the hospital had to pay monthly rental of RM 320,640 in year 2009, RM 325,233 in year 2010, RM 329,825 in year 2011 and RM 334,418 in 2012.

[1]. Acton,M.The correlation of Publicly and Privately Traded Real Estate, Real Estate Finance, 14 (1997) pp.13-20
[2]. AmInvestment Bank, Deals of the year 2006 handbook, Al-Aqar KPJ REIT-The World first listed Islamic Healthcare REIT, www.islamicfinancenews.comhttps://www.reit.com/investing/reit-basics/what-reit
http://www.wikinvest.com/industry/Healthcare_REITs
[3]. Kutcher, B. REITs present attractive M&A option for real estate-heavy providers, Modern Healthcare, July 2015
[4]. Redman, A.L et. Al, Corporate real estate financing methods: A statistical study of corporations' choices, Journal of Corporate Real Estate, Vol.4 Iss:2, pp. 169-186
[5]. Ross, S.A., Risk and return in real estate, The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, June 1991, Vol.4, Issue 2, pp 175-190Report from Financial services of Hospital A

Abstract: Micro and small enterprises (MSEs) have a major contribution for the economy of the countries such as in Indonesia. This contribution is visible in GDP and employment. However, MSEs is still facing various problems such as the factors that affect the sustainability of MSEs. Problems as well as factors that affect the MSEs business continuity associated with factors of production and human resources including raw materials, product innovation, competence of employers, employees, counseling and guidance, as well as education and training; marketing and promotion factors; factor of production techniques and technologies; and access to credit and capital factors. The survey was conducted on 138 entrepreneurs or MSEs owners in Jombang by using questionnaires and structured interviews.

[1]. Abbasi, A.S. & Alvi, A.K, Impact Of Employee Characteristics And Their Performance On Customer Satisfaction. Science International, 25(2), 2013, 387-394.
[2]. Acquaah, M. & Yasai-Ardekani, M, Does the Implementation of A Combination Competitive Strategy Yield Incremental Performance Benefit? A New Perspective from Transition Economy in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Business Research, 61, 2008, 346-354.
[3]. Acquaah, M. & Agyapong, A, The Relationship Between Competitive Strategy and Firm Performance in Micro and Small Businesses in Ghana: The Moderating Role of Managerial and Marketing Capabilities. Africa Journal of Management, 1(2), 2015, 172-193.
[4]. Adner, R. & Helfat, C.E, Corporate Effects and Dynamic Managerial Capabilities. Strategic Management Journal, 24, 2003, 1011-1025.
[5]. Amri, F, Permasalahan UMKM: Strategi dan Kebijakan, Prosiding Pluralisme dalam Ekonomi dan Pendidikan, Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Malang, Malang, 2014, 368-380.