IOSR-JBM   Volume-18 ~ Issue-5 ~ May-2016

Abstract: Development of any country depends on maximum utilization of scare resources. Resources will be fully utilized by skill employees. But in present business scenario, developing and under develop countries are facing problem about proper utilization of skill labour and economical utilization of different natural resources due to custom, religious, color related problem among individual. These problems act as a bar for economical development..............

Keywords: Discrimination, Child Labour, ILO, UN, Economical Development etc.

[1]. Belman,D. (1992). Unions the quality of labour relations and firm performance. Union and Economic competitiveness, 41-107.
[2]. Berger, C. (1971). Equal pay, equal employment opportunity and equal enforcement of the law for women. Valparaiso University law review,5(2), 326-373.
[3]. Aneja, Y. (1973).Open the Doors at opportunity. Eves weekly, 5th May
[4]. Anyim et.al. (2013). The ratification of ILO conventions: A failure time analysis. Centre for European Economic Research(ZEW) Discussion paper, No 00-14.
[5]. Dargemir&Hakan, (2010).Equal pay, equal employment opportunity and equal enforcement of the law for women. Valparaiso University law review,5(2), 326-373.

Abstract: The food and beverage industry accounts for over half of the manufacturing production turn over in Kenya. Despite of this contribution, the sector faces a lot of SC risks which hinder its potential growth. Adopting proactive strategies becomes necessary for dealing with supply chain risks and vulnerabilities for securing supply chain systems to be responsive and effective. This study focused on finding out the influence of supply base rationalisation strategies on supply chain performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya. The target population was all food and beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya...............

Keywords:Supply base rationalisation, strategy, SC Performance, SC resilience, SC vulnerability

[1]. Kenya Association of Manufacturers. Kenya Association of Manufacturers (KAM). (2015). Kenya Association of Manufacturers & Exporters Directory 2015 Nairobi: Kenya Association of Manufacturers..
[2]. Blackhurst, J., Scheibe, K., & Johnson, D. (2008). Supplier risk assessment and monitoring for the automotive industry. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 38(2) 143-65.
[3]. Vaaland, T., & Heide, H. (2007). Can the SME survive the supply chain challenges? Supply Chain Management: An International Journal, 12(1) 20–31. doi:10.1108/13598540710724374.
[4]. Wagner, S., & Bode C. (2008). An empirical examination of supply chain performance along several dimensions of risk. Journal of Business Logistics, 29 (1), 307–325.
[5]. Hendricks, K., & Singhal, V. (2005). An empirical analysis of the effect of supply chain disruptions on long-run stock price performance and equity risk of the firm, Productionand Operations Management, 14(1), 35-52.

Abstract: This is paper provides a comparison between corruption in Libya during Ghaddafi's rule and post-Ghaddafi's rule. The researcher has used qualitative approach. The researcher concluded several findings; First, corruption in Libya during Ghaddafi's rule include: 1) the causes of corruption; absence of media and press freedom, absence of transparency, rule of law, Non-independence of SAIs, poor wages of public servants, absence of civil society organizations, nepotism and favoritism; 2) the policies and actions to reduce corruption; absence of the real willingness of leadership to fighting against corruption, lack of bureaucracy..............

Keywords: Libya, Corruption, Ghaddafi, post- Ghaddafi.

[1]. Bardhan, P. (1997). "Corruption and Development: A Review of Issues." Journal of Economic Literature 35: 1320-1346.
[2]. Shleifer, A., Vishny, R., (1993). "Corruption." The Quarterly Journal of Economics 108(3): 599-617.
[3]. Gupta, S., Davoodi, H., Alonso-Terme, R., (1998). "Does Corruption Affect Income Inequality and Poverty?" Working Paper of International Monetary Fund WP/98/76.
[4]. Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A. (2002). "Growth Without Governance." World Bank.
[5]. Gupta, S., Davoodi, H., Tiongson, E., (2000). "Corruption and the Provision of Health Care and Education Services."Working Paper of International Monetary Fund WP/00/116.

Abstract: At present small and medium enterprises (SMEs) have become an important sector that is supposed to play a pivotal role in boosting the economy of Bangladesh. Access to finance is important for SMEs because the growth and survival of SMEs are highly depend on their ability to invest in restructuring, innovation etc. Banks are the key role players in funding SMEs. This paper investigates the contribution of private commercial banks (PCBs) to the growth of SMEs in Bangladesh between the periods of 2010 to 2014. Descriptive methods of analysis were employed.............

Keywords: Private Commercial Bank, SME, Ratio and Bangladesh.

[1]. Asian Development Bank (2004). ADB to help foster development of SME sector in Bangladesh. Available at www.adb.org
[2]. Sulaiman, MR. (2005). Financing SMEs and Its Effect on Employment Generation: A Study of BRAC Bank's SME Lending. Dhaka Bank Research and Evaluation Division.
[3]. Islam, M. N., Arefin, K. & Hossain, M.M. (2005). Small Business Financing: Problems Analysis and Overcome Strategies. Journal of Business Research, 7 (June), 1-10.
[4]. Hasan, R.A. and Islam, K.M.Z. (2008). Bridging the Gap between Microfinance and SME financing in Bangladesh: Unlocking the potentials. Daffodil International University Journal of Business and Economics, Vol. 3(1).
[5]. Chowdhury, M.S.A., Azam M.K.G., & Islam, S. (2013). Problems and Prospects of SME Financing in Bangladesh. Asian Business Review, Vol. 2(2), 51-58.

Abstract: The seed industry in Kenya has been dominated by competition emanating from many local seed producing and marketing companies. To achieve organization performance in the market, it is necessary that firms pursue strategies, which are difficult for competitors to copy. Market segmentation as a strategy may give the companies in this industry a competitive advantage that may eventually translate to improved organizational performance. However, the exact influence of this market segmentation on firm performance in the seed industry has not received considerable research attention and, therefore, much remains unknown regarding its impact..............

Keywords: Market segmentation strategy, Organizational performance, Seed companies

[1]. Allen, S; & Helms, M. (2006).Linking strategic practices and organizational performance to Porter's generic strategies. UC Foundation Associate Professor of Management, the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga.
[2]. Barney, J. (2001).Is the resource-based "view" a useful perspective for strategic management research? Yes. Academy of Management Review, 26 (1), 41-56.
[3]. Dess, G.G. & Robinson, R.B., Jr. (1984). "Measuring Organizational Performance in the Absence of Objective Measures," Strategic Management Journal, 5, p. 265-273.
[4]. Gray, J.H. (1997), Small business strategy in Australia, Academy of EntrepreneurshipJournal, Vol. 2 (2), pp. 44-58.
[5]. Hahn, W., & Powers, T.,L. (2010). Strategic plan quality, implementation capability, and firm performance. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 9(1), 63-81.

Abstract: This study aims to determine the following points: (1) internal (IFAS) and external factor (EFAS) at the Primagama Institute for Tutoring Probolinggo city; (2) SWOT analysis to determine the marketing strategy at the Primagama Institute Tutoring Probolinggo city. Data sources were obtained directly from the head of the branch, the marketing department, tutors, and students of Primagama Institute Tutoring in Probolinggo by using interview, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed by identifying the internal and external factors that influence..............

Keywords: SWOT Analysis, Marketing Strategy, IFAS, EFAS

[1]. Alma, Buchari. Marketing Management and Marketing Services (Bandung: Alfabeta, 2007).
[2]. Artanti. Effect of Quality of Service and Complaints Handling Customer Loyalty (Studies in Customer PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk. Branch Nganjuk). Science Journal Manajemen.Volume 1 No. 4, 2007.
[3]. David, Fred R, Strategic Management (Jakarta: Four Salemba, 2006).
[4]. David, Fred R, Strategic Management (Jakarta: Four Salemba, 2009).
[5]. Dyson, Robert. Development and Strategic SWOT Analysis at The University of Warwick. European Journal of Operational Research. 152: 631-640, 2002.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the state of public projects implementation in Kenya and to bring the key factors that underlie their successful implementation process. The principle question to be addressed by this study was 'what procurement practices are responsible for projects failure in the Kenyan public sector?'To answer this question and to achieve the primary objective of this study, the study focuses on the situation at Kenya as a case of Kenya Electricity Generating Company (KenGen). KenGenwas selected for this study because it is one of the major public institutions with a significant portfolio of public projects, some of which have succeededwhereas others have failed...............

Keywords: ...................

[1]. Abdi, A.H. (2012).Procurement practices in Kenya Public Corporations, University of Nairobi. A Case study of Kenya Power.Retrieved from University of Nairobi, MBA Library
[2]. Awino, Z.B. (2010). An empirical investigation of Supply Chain Management best practices in Large Private manufacturing firms in Kenya, University of Nairobi Bose, D. (2011). Inventory Management. New Delhi, India: Prentice Hall.
[3]. Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., & Cooper, M. B. (2012). Supply chain logistic management. New York: McGraw Hill.
[4]. Brown, B., &Hyer, N., (2010); Managing Projects: A Team-Based Approach, International Edition, Singapore, McGraw- Hill.
[5]. Carson, G. B. (2011, April 30th). Materials Marnagement and Inventory Control. Retrieved Feb 22, 2012, from google: www.scribd.com

Abstract: The objective of the study was to examine the effect of gender and control environment on internal auditors' performance in fraud detection in Ghana using a sample of 260 internal auditors. A structural equation model (SEM) was used for the study and Amos 23 software (students' version) was used for the analysis of the data. The results and analysis of this study disclosed that control environment, gender of the internal auditor, certification, mentoring, and data analysis skills...............

Keywords: ...................

[1]. Association of Certified Fraud Examiners [ACFE]. (2014). Report to The Nations on Occupational Fraud and Abuse. New York: ACFE.
[2]. Anuj, S., & Panigrahi, P. K. (2012). A Review of Financial Accounting Fraud Detection based on Data Mining Techniques. International Journal of Computer Applications, 1-5.
[3]. Chau, G. & Yuen, Y. (2011). Auditors Responsibilities and Procedures for Detecting Fraud. Learning Centre, Autumn.
[4]. KPMG. (2008). Fraud and Misconduct Survey. New Jessey: KPMG
[5]. Mui, G. Y. (2009). Defining auditor expert performance in fraud detection. Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand (AFAANZ): Adelaide, Australia.

Abstract: Now-a-days behavior of consumer is changing and consumers are more responsive and engrossed for the climate issues. Climate change is the major issue comes to the consumer mind very repeatedly. So, at the moment marketer is now changing their strategy and modus operandi for the target market. Actual and potential buyers are now trying to show the empathy for the sustainable society and milieu...............

Keywords:Environmental Marketing, Green Marketing, Intervention, Strategy, Sustainable Development

[1]. Polonsky, Michael Jay. 1994a. "Green Marketing Regulation in the US and Australia: The Australian Checklist." Greener Management International 5: 44-53.
[2]. World Watch, "Earth day 2000; A 30-year Report Card" Vol.13, No.2 March/April 2000, pg.10-13.
[3]. Mintu, Lozada and Polonsky, Environmental Issues in the Curricula of International Business, the green imperative, Haworth Press Inc., 1993 xi-xiv.
[4]. Polonsky M. J.; "An introduction to Green marketing" Electronic Green Journal, vol.1, Issue 2, Nov, 1994.
[5]. Polonsky, Michael Jay. 1994b. "A Stakeholder Theory Approach to Designing Environmental MarketingStrategy." Unpublished Working Paper.

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to assess on tourism education for the surrounding community of Sedudo waterfall and the existing potential. This study used a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used is observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis method used is SWOT analysis model. The findings showed two major strategies that can be developed on a Sedudo waterfall tourist attraction which is the commitment to all elements in the development area, improvement and implement the community empowerment. The location of this research was conducted in travel.............

Keywords: Tourism, Natural Tourism, Sedudo

[1]. Andereck, K. L. & Nyaupane, G. P. 2010. Exploring the Nature of Tourism and Quality of Life Perceptions among Residents. Journal of Travel Research. 2011 50: 248. [2]. David, F.R. 2006 Strategic management. Jakarta. Salemba Empat
[3]. Macbeth, J., Carson, D., Northcote, J. 2004 Social Capital, Tourism and Regional Development: SPCC as a Basis for Innovation and Sustainabilit. Journal Current Issues in Tourism. Vol. 7, No. 6, 0502-21
[4]. Ramos, V., Maquieira, J. R., Tugores. M. 2004. The Role Of Training In Changing An Economy Specialising In Tourism. International Journal of Manpower. pp. 55-72
[5]. Teye, V., Sonmez, S., & Sirakaya, E. 2002. Resident Attitudes toward Tourism Development. Annals of Tourism Research. 29(3):668-688.

Abstract: While marketers are debating on whether marketing should be viewed as both a philosophy of doing business or a set of functional tasks, there is an urgent need for understanding the market orientation culture by service firms and other marketers. Though many of these service firms and marketers are generally aspiring to fully adopt the market orientation culture they seem to be failing to achieve this position partly due to some misconceptions and lack of fundamental knowledge of its dimensions. Some questions asked include whether market orientation culture is the same as marketing concept, or the marketing mix and the customer orientation culture................

Keywords: Market orientation, marketing concept, service firms, market driven, production concept, marketing culture.

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