IOSR-JBM   Volume-25 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2023

Abstract: Over the past 50 years, conflicts over the river's waters have been rampant and have created a climate of insecurity that is almost a way of life in the region. Those who had the false impression that the unjust status quo that prevailed would continue did nothing to promote cooperation among countries. It is now clear to all that cooperation is the only possible alternative. Cooperation on the Nile is not a zero-sum game. As such, it calls for the goodwill and determination of all riparian States to ensure the development of the waters of the Nile for the benefit of the entire Nilotic community.

Key Word: water resource; transboundary basins; Nile Basin

[1]. ACHOUR Hekma, La gouvernance du Bassin du Nil entre confrontation et coopération. Contribution à l'étude du droit international fluvial, Thèse en vue de l'obtention du Doctorat en droit, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis - Université de Carthage, décembre 2016, p. 538.
[2]. BARAH MIKAÏL (IRIS), Vers la première guerre du troisième millénaire ? Impact potentiel des évolutions inter-soudanaises sur l'avenir du Nil » Axe 2 : La définition et l'évaluation de la coopération et des conflits transfrontaliers : enjeux théoriques et cas d'étude empiriques au Moyen Orient et en Afrique du Nord, Section thématique 30 L'hydro politique et les relations internationales, Congrès AFSP 2009.
[3]. BARBER J. P. et DICKSON A. K., Justice and Order in International Relations : the Global Environment dans D. E. Cooper et J. A. Palmer, Just Environments : Intergenerational, International and Interspecies Issues (1995) Londres/NY, Routledge, p.122-123.
[4]. BLANC Pierre et RASHID Wael, Hydro politique du Nil : la sortie du statu quo hydro-hégémonique de l'Egypte, Observatoire des Enjeux Politiques et Sécuritaires dans la Corne de l'Afrique, Note 15, Avril 2016, p.33.
[5]. BLANC Pierre, De l'Egypte à l'Ethiopie, quand la puissance se déplace en Afrique nilotique, Confluences Méditerranée2014/3 (N° 90), pages 123 à 139

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the potentials of cryptocurrency in Bangladesh. Pros and cons of allowing the use of cryptocurrencies in Bangladesh were deliberated from various perspectives to draw the conclusions.Content analysis approach was used in this qualitative study. NVivo software was utilized for coding the content and performing different analysis. The analysis shows that despite accommodating some risks, Bangladesh could benefit by the introduction of cryptocurrencies into its economy. Adoption of cryptocurrency could lead to higher degree of security, easier accessibility to financial services.......

Key Word: Crypto currency, Bangladesh

[1]. Krippendorff K. Content Analysis: An Introduction to Its Methodology. 2nd ed. Sage: Thousand Oaks, Calif; 2004.
[2]. Downe‐Wamboldt B. Content Analysis: Method, Applications, and Issues. Health Care for Women International 1992;13(3):313–321
[3]. Kleinheksel AJ, Rockich-Winston N, Tawfik H, et al. Demystifying Content Analysis. Am J Pharm Educ 2020;84(1):7113
[4]. Vaismoradi M, Turunen H and Bondas T. Content Analysis and Thematic Analysis: Implications for Conducting a Qualitative Descriptive Study. Nursing & Health Sciences 2013;15(3):398–405
[5]. Khalil S. Not Everything That Counts Can Be Counted and Not Everything That Can Be Counted Counts. Psychiatr Bull 2014;38(2):86–86

Abstract: This paper examined thepropensity of the youth corps at engaging in technological enterprises in South West, Nigeria. The study was conducted among the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC)members and specifically considered serving batches A, B, and C corps members who were mobilized for the year 2021 and are yet to have businesses, to determine what could actually influences the youth corps members' interest at engaging in technological enterprises or planning to commence one. A snow-ball sampling technique was adopted to administer a well-structured questionnaire on three hundred and eighty-two (382) youth corps in Southwest, Nigeria. Three hundred and fifty (350) copies of the questionnaire were returned, correctly filled and used for the study with a record of 91.6% response rate........

Key Word: Propensity, Youth Corps, Technological Enterprises, Self-employability, Critical Skills,

[1]. Adewusi, O. A. &Adisa, B. I. (2018). The Skill Acquisition and Entrepreneurship Development Programme among Corps in Ibadan, Nigeria. Zaria Sociological Journal, 5(1): 248 – 260.
[2]. Agbim, K. C., Oriarewo, G. O. &Owocho, M. (2013). Factor Influencing Entrepreneurial Intentions among Graduates of Nigerian Tertiary Institutions. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2(4): 36-44.
[3]. Ajagbe, A. M., Ismail, K.,Isiavwe, D. T. &Ogbari, M. E. (2015). Barriers to Technological and Non- Technology Innovation Activities in Malaysia. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(6): 157-168.
[4]. Boehm, B. (2006). Some Future Trends and Implications for Systems and Software Engineering Processes, Systems Engineering, 9(1).
[5]. Chouseinoglou, O. &Bilgen, S. (2014). Introducing Critical Thinking to Software Engineering Education. Studies in Computational Intelligence, 496: 183-195.

Abstract: Excellent service to bureaucrats is one of the biggest agendas in current government policy orientation. Efforts to improve the quality of this service start from work motivation, job satisfaction, and employee commitment to providing better service so that it has an impact on more optimal performance. Employees with basic tasks based on competence (skills, education, class) will have an impact on work motivation and high employee job satisfaction which fosters strong work commitment to achieve performance in quality and quantity. This research was conducted with the aim of (1) to test and analyze the effect of work motivation, job satisfaction, and work commitment on excellent service and performance of the Polewali Mandar regional secretariat staff, West Sulawesi, (2) to test and analyze the effect of excellent service on the performance of regional secretariat employees.........

Key Word: Leadership Style, Islamic Motivation, Organizational Commitment, Job Satisfaction, and Performance.

[1]. Abdillah Junaedy, MR (2019, July). The Effect of Competence, Organizational Culture and Motivation on Employee Performance. CENTER OF ECONOMIC STUDENT JOURNAL, 2, 31-39. [2]. As'ad, M. (2010). Human Resources Science Series. Yogyakarta: Liberty Industrial Psychology. [3]. Bintoro. (2014). Prime Consumers and Service. Yogyakarta: Media Style. [4]. Erni, A. (2020). The Effect of Motivation, Competence and Job Satisfaction on the Performance of Maritime and Fishery Service Employees. GOVERNANCE. [5]. Edison, EY (2017). Human Resource Management. Bandung: Alphabet. Elite, YP (2014). The Influence of Motivation on Teacher Organizational Commitment

Abstract: The COVID-19 epidemic exposed Pakistan's higher education system's incapacity to react to widespread unpredicted disruption throughout the world, requiring curriculum transformation to e-learning, which is a problem for whole education participants. This research has the aim of exploring the critical experiments encountered by contemporary online learning systems, as well as the key factors that enable the use of online teaching and learning platforms in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the challenges faced by universities in determining their readiness. By examining the COVID-19 crisis, it was observed that the quality of service had a minimal effect on the satisfaction of learners, although both the quality of information and self-efficacy were found to have a considerable influence on satisfaction........

Key Word: COVID-19 pandemic, online higher education, challenges, learners' satisfaction.

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Abstract: Stock market is a place where the investor trades various financial instruments like bonds, shares, derivatives and debentures. The objective of this report is "to study the payoff analysis of Bull spread and covered call strategies of banknifty index". Banknifty is the popular stock index that measures changes that takes place in the stock market (banking stocks) by measuring price movement and market performance. Banknifty is derived from 3 words i.e. National Stock Exchange, banks and Fifty, as it is a collection of top performing 12 banking stocks that are actively traded.........

Key Word: Options Payoff, Bull Spread, Bear Spread, Covered call Strategy and option writing.

[1]. Higgins, C. J. (2011). Lesser Known Option Trading Strategies.
[2]. Fahlenbrach, R., & Sandås, P. (2010). Does information drive trading in option strategies?. Journal of Banking & Finance, 34(10), 2370-2385.
[3]. Kozul, N. (2010). Financial option trading strategies. Ekonomika, Journal for Economic Theory and Practice and Social Is-sues, 56(1350-2019-2395), 63-72.
[4]. Santa-Clara, P., & Saretto, A. (2009). Option strategies: Good deals and margin calls. Journal of Financial Markets, 12(3), 391-417.
[5]. Wen-liang, G. H., & He, H. R. (2014). Informed trading, trading strategies and the information content of trading volume: Evidence from the Taiwan index options market. Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, 31, 187-215.

Abstract: This research is to find out and analyze the influence of k ompetension, servant leadership, organizational commitment to the performance of village heads, influence of kompetension, servant leadership, organizational commitment to the quality of public services in Maros, Pangkep and Barru Regencies, The influence of village head performance on the Quality of Public Services, Influence of Competence, Servant Leadership and The Organization's Commitment to the Quality of Public Services through the Performance of Village Heads in Maros, Pangkep and Barru Regencies, South Sulawesi Province. To implement this goal, data collection techniques are carried out through the dissemination of questionnaires, while data analysis techniques use descriptive analysis and SEM Amos analysis.........

Key Word: Competence, Servant Leadership, Organizational Commitment, Village head performance and quality of public services.

[1]. Afandi, P. (2018). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Yogyakarta: Zanafa Publishing.
[2]. Ahmad, Haerani, S., & Umar, F. (2020). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, dan Kompetensi, Melalui Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Pelayanan Publik. Jurnal Mirai Management, 6(1), 18–37.
[3]. Al-Amin, A., & Utami, E. (2021). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Servant Leadership Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Lembaga Penyiaran Publik Televisi Republik Indonesia Stasiun Kalimantan Timur. Borneo Student Research, 2(2), 1380–1387.
[4]. Alviani, G. A., WIdyani, A. A., & Saraswati, N. A. (2021). Pengaruh Servant Leadership Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dengan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Dinas Koperasi, Usaha Kecil Menengah Dan Perdagangan Kabupaten Badung. Jurnal EMAS, 2(1), 134–149.
[5]. Ansory, A. F., & Indrasari, M. (2018). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Sidoarjo: Indomedia Pustaka.

Abstract: This study aimed: (1) to analyze the influence of budget participation, clarity of budget target and financial oversight on good governance (2) to analyze the influence of budget participation, clarity of budget target and financial oversight on budget financial management performance (3) to analyze the influence of good governance on budget financial management performance (4) to analyze the influence of budget participation, clarity of budget target and financial oversight on the performance of regional financial management through good governance. This study employed quantitative approach using primary data through a questionnaire of 289 respondents. This study was conducted from July to September.........

Key Word: Budget Participation, Clarity of Budget Targets, Financial Oversight on Good Governance and Regional Financial Management Performance

[1]. Abdullah, H. (2004). The Effect of Clarity on Budgetary Targets, Accounting Control and Reporting Systems on Performance Accountability of Government Agencies in Regencies and Cities in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Thesis (online), Yogyakarta: Postgraduate Program at Gajah Mada University, Yogyakarta.
[2]. Abdullah, DM, Wa Ode Aswati, & Astrinigita. (2017). The Effect of Clarity of Budget Targets and Budgetary Gaps on the Performance of Echelon III and IV Officials at the Kediri City Health Office. Journal of Accounting and Finance Volume II/2, 61-72.
[3]. Anthony, WP, Perrewe, PL, and Kacmar, KM, (2010), Strategic Human Resources Management, Second Edition, Fort Worth: The Dryden Press
[4]. Anthony, R., Vijay Govindarajan, 2010, Management Control System, Volumes I and II, Translated by Kurniawan Tjakrawala and Krista, Salemba Empat Publishers, Jakarta
[5]. Ann Mooney, Michel Mahoney, and Barbara Vixom. (2008). Achieving Top Management Support in Strategy Technology Initiatives. Howe School Alliance For Technology Management

Abstract: Every organization starts with an ultimate goal of attaining anticipated profit in future. The success of business enterprise depends on his human resource .The right employees can take a business anew height the wrong one can be the cause of . Finding the right man for the job and developing him into valuable resources is an indispensable requirement of every organization. Proper recruitment helps the line managers to work most effectively in accomplishing the primary objective of the enterprise. In order to harness the human energies in the service or organizational goals, every HR manager is expected to pay proper attention in recruitment and selection activities in the organization. The data was collected through the preparation of recruitment manual for the company by determining each and every activity in recruiting process and the Roles and Responsibilities of the managers engaged in all the activities.

Key Word: Recruitment Manual, Sourcing, on boarding recruitment policy

[1]. Ahmed Schel, Schroeder G. Roger (2002). The importance of recruitment and selection process for the sustainability of Total Quality Management. International journal of quality and reliability management,19(5),540-550.
[2]. Taylor M .Susan, Bergman J. Thomas ( 1978), Organizational recruitment activities & applicant‟s reactions at different stages of the recruitment process, Personnel Psychology,40(2), 261-285
[3]. Holm. A (2012). E-recruitment: Towards anubiquitious recruitment process & candidate relationshipmanagement. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(3), 241-259.
[4]. Arvey D. Richard, Gordon E.Michel(1975) ,Different drop out rate of minority and majority job candidate due to time lag between selection process, Personnel Psychology,28(5)175-180.
[5]. Clayton. P Alderfer, Charles.GMccord (1970), Personal & situational factors in recruitment interviews, Applied Psychology, 54(4),377-385.