iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2022

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable disease that is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation which is not reversible due to airway and /or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases. Airflow limitation, also known as airflow obstruction in COPD determined for clinical purposes by Spirometry, which involves forced expiratory maneuvers after the subject has inhaled to total lung capacity. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a potential biomarker of systemic inflammation that is synthesized predominantly by the hepatocytes in response to tissue damage or inflammation.It is considered as prototypic downstream marker of inflammation. Serum CRP is more sensitive......

Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),High sensitive CRP

[1]. Vogelmeier CF, Criner GJ, Martinez FJ, Anzueto A, Barnes PJ, Bourbeau J, et al. Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention of Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease 2017 Report: GOLD Executive Summary. Eur Respir J. 2017 Mar 1;49(3).
[2]. Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V, et al. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet (London, England). 2012 Dec;380(9859):2095–128.
[3]. Silvermn EK, Crapo JD, Make BJ. COPD. In: Jameson LJ, Kasper DL, Longo DL, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Loscalzo J, editors. Harrisson's primciples of internal medicine. 20th.ed. USA: Mc Graw Hill; 2018. p. 1990–8.
[4]. Mathers CD, Loncar D. New projections of global mortality and burden of disease from 2002 to 2030 Protocol S1. Technical Appendix.
[5]. Calabró P, Willerson JT, Yeh ETH. Inflammatory Cytokines Stimulated C-Reactive Protein Production by Human Coronary Artery Smooth Muscle Cells. Circulation. 2003 Oct 21;108(16):1930–2..

Abstract: Takayasu arteritis (TA) is a rare, progressive, idiopathic vasculitis of aorta and its main branchesleading tostenosis, occlusion and aneurysm of the involved arteries. It is prevalent among young women in the reproductive age group. TA has an adverse effect on pregnancy outcome and there is an increased risk of complications. The overall prognosis is good when it is diagnosed early and patients receive regular antenatal follow up to prevent and manage the complications and to monitor the feto-maternal well being.Adopting a multidisciplinary approach for the management has shownimprove maternal and fetal outcome. We described here a case of pregnancy with TA involving the descending thoracic aorta and abdominal aorta with significant left subclavian artery stenosis and mild bilateral renal artery stenosis.

Keywords: Takayasu arteritis, Vasculitis, pregnancy, maternal outcome, fetal outcome, complications

[1]. Matsumura A, Moriwaki R, Numano F. Pregnancy in Takayasu arteritis from the view of internal medicine. Heart Vessels, 1992;7(Suppl):120-124.
[2]. Langford Carol A, Fauci Anthony S. Harrisons Principle of internal medicine 17th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill Medical,2008.
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[4]. Kimura A. Kimura H. Date Y. Comprehensive analysis of HLA genes in Takayasuarteritis in Japan. Int J Cardiol. 1996;54:61-9.
[5]. Cunningham FG, William JW. Williams Obstetrics 23rd edn. New York: McGraw- Hill Medical, 2009.
[6]. Hauenstein E, Frank H, Bauer JS, et al. Takayasu arteritis in pregnancy: review of literature and discussion. J Perinat Med. 2009;38(1):55-62.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The recurrence rate of optical internal urethrotomy (OIU) alone in the treatment of urethral stricture is approximately 50%.Pharmacological adjuncts to OIU,which can be injected at the site of OIU to significantly reduce the recurrence rate have been studied. One among such drugs is mitomycinC.If addition of this drug significantly lowers the recurrence rate of stricture formation,it will be very useful in the long term outlook of these patients. AIM: To study the efficacy of mitomycin C in reducing the recurrence rate of urethral stricture in patients undergoing Optical Internal Urethrotomy( OIU)......

KEYWORDS: Stricture urethra,Mitomycin C,Optical Internal Urethrotomy

[1]. Santucci RA, Eisenberg L. Urethrotomy has a much lower success rate than previously reported. J Urol. 2010; 183: 1859–62.
[2]. Mazdak H, Izadpanahi MH, Ghalamkari A, Kabiri M, Khorrami MH, Nouri-Mahdavi K, et al.Internal urethrotomy and intraurethral
submucosal injection of triamcinolone in short bulbar strictures. Int Urol Nephrol. 2009.
[3]. Shirazi M, Khezri A, Samani SM, Monabatti A, Kojoori J, Hassanpour A. Effect of Intraurethral captopril gel on the recurrence of
urethral stricture after direct vision internal urethrotomy:Phase II clinical trial. Int J Urol. 2008; 15: 562–4.
[4]. Mazdak H, Meshki I, Ghassami F. Effect of mitomycin C on anterior urethral stricture recurrence after internal urethrotomy. EurUrol. 2007; 51: 1089–92.
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Abstract: Arterial blood gas analysis is widely used and is a direct measurement of pH , PaO2 , PaCO2. The advent of arterial gas analysis has revolutionized the field of Respiratory medicine especially bronchial asthma. Aim: To compare and correlate the values of arterial blood gas analysis in patients with severe acute bronchial asthma Objectives: To measure PaO2,PaCO2 variations in pH, variations in bicarbonate levels in severe acute bronchial asthma. Settings and Design: It is a hospital based observational study conducted at Siddhartha medical college, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh during the period from May 2019 to July 2019. Methodology: 40 Patients aged between 25 to 75 years both male and female presented to hospital with severe acute attack of asthma are included in the study. Results: It is a hospital based observational study, patients tested for ABG analysis....

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Abstract: Background: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb are common. Complete rupture can be a debilitating injury, resulting in decreased grip and pinch strength. Materials and Methods:Twenty consecutive patients with 20 complete tears of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb metacarpophalangeal (MP) joint were treated with primary repair using a miniature intraosseoussuture anchorand stabilized with JESS fixator. Results: Fourteen patients were evaluated by clinical examination or by questionnaire at an average of 8 months after repair.Loss of interphalangeal joint motion averaged 15° on the involved side versus the other side, while loss of MP joint motion averaged 10°. There was no signficant difference on stress testing measurements between repaired and nonrepaired.......

Key Words: suture anchor,intraosseous,ulnar collateral ligament,JESS fixator

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Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disorder prevailing in the current era. With ongoing increase in cases of diabetes there has been a tremendous increase in the complications and consequences associated with diabetes mellitus. The common microvascular complications associated with diabetes are neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic nephropathy. Neuropathy in diabetes mellitus can be central and peripheral. An example of central neuropathy is the involvement of the auditory pathway. The otological complaints associated may be commonly manifested as onset of hearing loss. Tinnitus can also be the presenting complaint and can lead to decreased quality of life. There have been multiple studies pertaining to this in order to establish a sound correlation between the two but all have had various conflicting results. Most studies have recorded a relatively higher incidence of sensorineural hearing loss. This study had thus been undertaken to examine the relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and hearing loss.

[1]. Rajendran S ,Anandhalakshmi , Mythili B , Viswanatha Rao. Evaluation of the Incidence of Sensorineural hearing loss in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Biol Med Res. 2011; 2(4): 982 – 987.
[2]. Meena R, Sonkhya D, Sonkhya N. Evaluation of hearing loss in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Res Med Sci [Internet]. 2016;2281–7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20161800
[3]. Venkata Kakarlapudi, Robert Sawyer, and Hinrich Staecker. The Effect of Diabetes on Sensorineural Hearing Loss. Otology & Neurotology 24:382–386 © 2003, Otology & Neurotology, Inc. / Otology & Neurotology: May 2003 Volume 24 Issue 3 pp 382-386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00129492-200305000- 00006.
[4]. Friedman SA. Hearing and Diabetic Neuropathy. Arch Intern Med [Internet]. 1975;135(4):573. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.1975.00330040085014
[5]. Weng S-F, Chen Y-S, Hsu C-J, Tseng F-Y. Clinical features of sudden sensorineural hearing loss in diabetic patients. Laryngoscope [Internet]. 2005;115(9):1676–80. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mlg.0000184790.91675.e3

Abstract: Bread is one of the most consumed staple foods in most countries and cultures. It is a good source of nutrient such as micronutrients and macronutrients that are essential for human health. This study was carried out to isolate and identify fungi that is associated with spoilage of bread sold in Anyigba metropolis. A total number of four (4) samples were randomly selected and analysed (Anyigba bread, Centenary bread, Yale bread and Ostrich bread). Identification of the fungal isolates was done macroscopically and microscopically. The physicochemical properties (moisture content and pH) and proximate properties (Ash content, crude fat, crude protein and carbohydrate content) of the bread samples were determined and recorded. The fungi isolated were Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus.....

Keyword: Bread spoilage, Anyigba, Mold and Fungi.

[1]. Abellana, M. ,Magri, X. ,Sanchis, V. and Ramos, A.J. (1999). Water activity and temperature effects on growth of Eurotium amstelodami, E. chevalier and E. herbaviorum on a sponge cake analogue. International Journal of Microbiology, 52: 97-103.
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Abstract: Introduction: The covid-19 pandemic has led many pediatric surgical services to adjust their practice. In Africa, few reports have been published in the pediatric surgical milieu. We report our experience at the Albert Royer National Children's Hospital Center. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study, comparing activities between two six-month periods, before and after the emergency state declaration. Numbers have been compared using Pearson's Chi-squared. Results: Compared to the period before the proclamation of emergency state, consultations were reduced by 62.7%, hospitalization by 46%, surgical interventions by 52.4%, and emergency surgical operations by 55.8%. All reduced activities were statistically significant with p < 0,001. Conclusion: During the pandemic, we noted a global reduction in all activities in our service of pediatrics. Further studies should be conducted on the impact of covid-19 on residency programs.

Keywords: Impact, covid-19 pandemic, pediatric surgery, Senegal, Africa

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[3]. Ndiaye O, Fall FT, Faye PM, Thiongane A, Fall AL. Impact de la pandémie à COVID-19 sur les activités du Service de Pédiatrie du Centre Hospitalier National d ´ Enfants Albert Royer : étude préliminaire comparant les premiers trimestres des années 2019 et 2020. 2020;36(162):1–7.
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[5]. B. Nunez Garcıa, N. A lvarez Garcıa, J. Jimenez Gomez JEB, Alvarenga, C. Esteva Miro, S. Santiago Martınez, P. Jimenez Arribas Izzo J. G. Impact of covid-19 on pediatric surgery. British. 2021;18:2021

Abstract: Background:Adverse drug reactions have become more common in recent times. Among them cutaneous reactions have been steadily gaining importance and constitute a major proportion of all the adverse drug reactions. It is important tofamiliarize the clinician about the cutaneous adverse effects of various drugs which will in turn put a check on the mortality-morbidity related to cutaneous adverse drug reactions. (CADRs) Aims & Objective: To evaluate clinical profile and clinical patterns of adverse cutaneous drug reactions (CADRs). Materials & Methods: An observational, cross sectional study of eighteen-month duration conducted in the dermatology department at a tertiary.....

Keywords: Cutaneous Adverse drug Reactions, Antimicrobials, Anticonvulsants, Maculopapular Rash, Urticaria.

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Abstract: Introduction :Depression occurrence is two to three times higher in people with diabetes mellitus, the majority of the cases remaining under-diagnosed. An important aspect for the diabetic specialist would be the understanding of the common origins of diabetes and depression and the awareness of this quite common comorbidity, in order to improve the outcomes of both diseases. Background There is evidence that the prevalence of depression is moderately increased in prediabetic patients and in undiagnosed diabetic patients, and markedly increased in the previously diagnosed diabetic patients compared to normal glucose metabolism individuals . The prevalence rates of depression could be up to twice as high in people with type 2 diabetes compared with the general population......

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Abstract: Background Face mask has become the part of attire universally, irrespective of age and gender. Wearing of mask is mandated in as part of COVID etiquettes by the authority, but the public perception varies widely. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the perceptions, practice and barriers and associated factors among the public in Kerala, on use of facemasks. Methods Design: A cross sectional survey design was adopted......

Keywords: - Face mask, COVID 19, Perception, Practice, Barriers, Public

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