iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2022

Abstract: Aim: To assess the information regarding awareness, Comprehension(Knowledge), and the source of their knowledge, the need of eye donation among the undergraduate medical students in Viswabharathi medical college ,department of ophthalmology. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional closed questionnaire-based study. The participants were given a series of questions, which tested the undergraduates' information regarding awareness, Knowledge, and the source of their knowledge regarding the need of eye donation. The responses were then gathered and studied for each of the questions. Results: Out of the 150 responses from the undergraduate medical students, 28.1% (42) students were pursuing second year of medical education, 33.3% (50) of the students were pursuing the third year, and 38.6% (58) of the students were pursuing final year. 142(94.6%)students were aware of regarding eye donation.......

[1]. Becoming Blind Is A Top 4 Fear- Smart Vision Labs. Why Vision Is The Most Important Sense Organ. Smart Vision Labs; 2017.
[2]. Priyanka, Acharya AS, Khandekar J, Bachani D, Rasania SK. Awareness and willingness to pledge for eye donation among adult population of an urban re-settlement colony of Delhi. Indian J Comm Family Med. 2018;4(1):28–33.
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[4]. Lal B, Usgaonkar U, Narvekar H, Venugopal D. Awareness and knowledge on eye donation among Allied Health Sciences, medical, and nursing students in Goa. J Curr Ophthalmol. 2018;30(3):255–62.
[5]. Sushma H, Warad VG, Kshetrapal M. Knowledge, attitude and practice about eye donation among medical and paramedical students in tertiary eye care hospital. Kerala J Ophthalmol. 2016;28(2):112–5..

Abstract: Empty Sella Syndrome is not a common entity and presents in asymptomatic form but can be considered an occasional finding owing to increased intracranial pressure ; occasionally it is highly severe. Empty Sella Syndrome can be grouped into two types primary and secondary based upon previous history of surgery or signs of irradiation having an impact on the pituitary gland. Primary empty sella arises owing to an inherent weakness of the diaphragma sella associated with an increase in the intracranial pressure which triggers the herniation of arachnoid membrane into the pituitary fossa. The main objective of this paper is to explicitly explain the persistence......

Keywords: Pituitary gland, Empty Sella Syndrome, Empty Sella, Pituitary Dysfunction and Partial Empty Sella.

[1]. Rani P.R., Maheshwari R., Reddy T.S., Prasad N.R., Reddy P.A. Study of prevalence of endocrine abnormalities in primary empty sella. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013;17(Suppl. 1):S125–S126.
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[4]. Ghatnatti V., Sarma D., Saikia U. Empty sella syndrome – beyond being an incidental finding. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2012;16(Suppl. 2):S321–S323.
[5]. Davis S., Tress B., King J. Primary empty sella syndrome and benign intracranial hypertension. Clin Exp Neurol.1978;15:248–257.

Abstract: Aim: To evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic success of direct pulp capping (DPC) treatment using Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2), Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), Biodentine and Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) in cariously exposed mature permanent teeth and to quantify and compare the amount of reparative dentinal bridge formed at each follow-up visits. Materials and Methods: 68 patients with 72 teeth (4 patients with 2 teeth each) with symptoms indicative of reversible pulpitis were randomly allocated to the four groups and DPC was performed on satisfying the inclusion criteria. The patients.....

Keywords: DPC, Ca(OH)2, MTA, Biodentine, PRF, Reparativedentin

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Abstract: Background: The sciatic nerve is formed from the sacral pleuxs [L4, L5, S1, S2, S3]. It has two components – tibial and common peroneal. It enters the gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen, descends on the back of thigh and terminates in the popliteal possa. Recent advances in limb surgery need a precise knowledge of frequency of anatomical variations in the sciatic nerve. The anatomy of sciatic nerve is very important for surgeons in order to achieve good result and greater benefits to patients. Hence the present study was undertaken.......

Keywords: sciatic nerve; tibial nerve; common peroneal nerve; pelvis; typical; atypical; greater sciatic foramen.

[1]. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (AdultTreatment Panel III) Third report of the national cholesterol education (8)
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[3]. Bener A, Zirie M, Janahi IM, Al-Hamaq AOAA, Musallam M, Wareham NJ.Prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and its risk factorsin a population-based study of Qatar. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 2009;84(1):99–106.
[4]. Bener A, Zirie M, Musallam M, Khader YS, Al-Hamaq AOAA. Prevalence ofmetabolic syndrome according to adult treatment panel III and internationaldiabetes federation criteria: a population-based study. Metabolic Syndrome
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Abstract: Back ground: The development of the Covid vaccine was the hope for normality for a world which was in a standstill. Ever since the introduction of the vaccines against covid, their effectiveness, efficacy and side effects were systematically studied by researchers all over the world. Computed tomography (CT) is a crucial tool for the diagnosis and prognosis of the covid pneumonia. Hence, the study of the CT characteristics of breakthrough infections is important to assess the role of the vaccination. Materials and Method: This was retrospective observational study conducted on admitted patients in a tertiary care centre in South India over a period of one year. Patients......

Keywords: Covid pneumonia, Computed Tomography (CT), Vaccination

[1]. Alkundi A, Mahmoud I, Musa A, Naveed S, Alshawwaf M. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalized patients with diabetes in the United Kingdom: A retrospective single centre study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Jul;165:108263.
[2]. COVID-19 vaccination in India. In: Wikipedia [Internet]. 2022 [cited 2022 Jun 24]. Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=COVID-19_vaccination_in_India&oldid=1094610682
[3]. Bernal JL, Andrews N, Gower C, Robertson C, Stowe J, Tessier E, et al. Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines on covid-19 related symptoms, hospital admissions, and mortality in older adults in England: test negative case-control study. The BMJ [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Jun 3];373. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8116636/
[4]. Gurumurthy B, Das SK, Shetty S, Veerabhadrappa RC, Kosinepalli SS, Dharamaraju SH. CT severity score: an imaging biomarker to estimate the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia in vaccinated and non-vaccinated population. Egypt J Radiol Nucl Med. 2022 Dec;53(1):1–8.
[5]. Lakhia RT, Trivedi JR. The CT Scan Lung Severity Score and Vaccination Status in COVID-19 patients in India: Perspective of an Independent Radiology Practice. medRxiv. 2021 Aug 3;2021.07.15.21260597.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Vernal conjunctivitis comprises 0.5% of allergic eye diseases. The study is made to collate the effectiveness of drugs by following the patient to observe the reduction in signs and symptoms. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study is to compare the effectiveness and safety of olopatadine 0.1% ophthalmic drops with azelastine hydrochloride 0.05% ophthalmic drops in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized, comparative study conducted in patients attending the OPD of Viswabharathi medical college,Penchikalapadu, kurnool,Andhra Pradesh.The study included 50 patients who has attended our OPD diagnosed......

Keywords: Azelastine, olopatadine, Absolute eosinophil count, Allergy, Vernal keratoconjunctivitis.

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Abstract: Introduction: Abortion is a major social and public health concern. Complications from unsafe abortions are one of the primary causes of maternal death in Bangladesh. It's a major health issue. According to the World Health Organization, 14 percent of maternal fatalities are preventable which occur every year in South Asian nations, including Bangladesh, are caused by abortion.The aim of the study was to observe methods used in induced abortion cases admitted at different maternity units of DMCH. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. The study duration was 6 months, from May 2007 to October 2007. A total of 80 cases were randomly selected from all induced abortion cases admitted in different maternity units of Dhaka Medical College Hospital(DMCH).......

Keywords: Pregnancy, Abortion, Induced

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[5]. Boland R, Katzive L. Developments in laws on induced abortion: 1998-2007. International family planning perspectives. 2008 Sep 1:110-20..

Abstract: Introduction: Right hemicolectomy is a common procedure for carcinoma of the right colon, ileocecal tuberculosis with stricture, Crohn's disease, GIST tumor of the ileocecal region, traumatic injury of the right colon, and many other causes which are followed by ileo-transverse anastomosis usually accompanied by defunctioning ileostomy to prevent the development of fecal fistula due to anastomotic leakage. This needs carrying an ileostomy bag for at least three months followed by another operation for ileostomy closure. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to ensure proper mechanicaland bacterial clearance in a one-stage procedure i.e. right hemicolectomy following ileo transverse anastomosis without defunctioning ileostomy is done. This procedure aims to avoid ileostomy bags and avoid another operation after three months i.e. closure of an ileostomy......

Keywords: .....

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[3]. Lee KH,HoJ,AkmalY,NelsonR,Pigazzi A:Short and long termoutcomes of intracorporeal versus extracorporealileocolic anastomosis in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for coloncancer surg Endosc2013,7(6):1986-1990.
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Abstract: Introduction: In India, rheumatic fever is endemic and remains one of the major causes of cardiovascular disease, accounting for nearly 25-45% of the acquired heart disease. The annual incidence of rheumatic fever is 100-200 times greater than that observed in developed countries and fluctuates between 100-200 per 1,00,000 children of school age (from 5 years to 17 or 18 years depending on the study).Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is still prevalent in the Third World countries. Material & Methods: The present hospital based observational study was conducted in the Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Government General Hospital, Guntur Medical College, Guntur. Study period was from August 2017 to June 2022, a prospective study conducted on consecutive Patients who underwent double and single valve replacement......

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Abstract: Inflammation has been recognized as an important issue in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and, consequently, cardiovascular diseases and its complications. Inflammatory pathways cover both components in the innate and acquired activated immune systems, which participate in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Different stimuli can cause the activation of cell types – lymphocytes and mast cells – leading to release proinflammatory cytokines, which modulate the activity of monocytes and its migration from the bloodstream to the vessel wall. Colchicine – an anti-inflammatory drug used in rheumatologic disease has been emerged as an option to reduce inflammation in cardiovascular diseases.

Key words: inflammation;atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease; coronary artery disease; colchicine

[1]. Frantz S, Hundertmark MJ, Schulz-Menger J et al. Left ventricular remodelling post-myocardial infarction: pathophysiology, imaging and novel therapies. Eur Heart J 2022; 43: 2549-61
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Abstract: Ocular injury is the most common worldwide cause of monocular visual impairment and blindness. Globe rupture is a common sight-threatening ophthalmic emergency. We report a case of a globe rupture in 11 years-old boy with trauma in the right eye when he was accidentally hit with a pen by a fellow student resulting in a corneal laceration, hyphema, traumatic cataract, iris prolapse, and Retinal detachment. This case illustrates the importance of immediate and prompt primary repair of an open globe injury to safeguard against unsatisfactory visual outcomes. Running Title: Stitch in time saved the eye Word count- abstract(85), text-(902).

Key words: Open globe injury (OGI) Globe rupture, corneoscleral laceration, primary repair

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Abstract: Acute visual loss is a dreaded complication of tuberculous meningitis and it can be due to various causes such as optochiasmatic arachnoiditis, tuberculoma, drug induced optic neuropathy, hydrocephalus. Visual loss due to optic neuritis in tuberculous meningitis is uncommon. We report a child with TBM who developed acute visual loss due to optic neuritis effectively managed with intravenous immunoglobulin..

Key words: Acute visual loss, tuberculous meningitis, optic neuritis

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