iosr-JEEE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2016

Abstract: A systematic review of bridge power factor correction (PFC) boost rectifiers is presented in this paper. Both open-loop and closed-loop controlled boost converters are modeled and simulated using the Simulink blocks. The bridge PFC topologies may reduce the conduction loss by reducing the number of semiconductor components. The bridge PFC boost implementations have received increased attention. In each circuit, the boost converter is implemented by replacing a pair of bridge rectifiers with switches and employing an AC side boost inductor. The construction and implementation of these PFC boost rectifiers are fairly easy, which can prove useful in the real world.
Key Words: Power factor correction (PFC) boost rectifiers, continuous conduction mode (CCM)

[1]. D. G. Lamar, M. Arias, M. Rodriguez, A. Rodriguez and J. Sebastian, "A New Very Simple Control Circuitry for the Fly-back Family of Power Factor Correctors Operating in Continuous Conduction Mode", 2008.
[2]. J. Sebastián, D. G. Lamar, M. Arias, M. Rodríguez and A. Fernández, "The Voltage-Controlled Compensation Ramp: A New Waveshaping Technique for Power Factor Correctors", IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, 2008, pp.722-728.
[3]. R. Brown and M. Soldano, "One Cycle Control IC Simplifies PFC Designs", IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference, 2005, pp. 825-829.6-202.
[4]. S. Buso, G. Spiazzi and D. Tagliavia,"Simplified control technique for high-power-factor Flyback, Cuk and SEPIC rectifiers operating in CCM", IEEE Trans. Industry Applications, 2000, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 1413-1418.
[5]. D. S. L. Simonetti, J. Sebastian and J. Uceda, "The discontinuous conduction mode SEPIC and Cuk power factor preregulators: Analysis and design", IEEE Trans., vol. 44, no. 4, 1998, pp. 727-738.

Abstract: This article presents simulation of perturb and observe maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm used in solar PV systems with direct control method. The main difference of the proposed system to existing MPPT systems includes addition of PI control loop along with MPPT control circuit and investigation of the effect of adding to control circuit. The resultant system is capable of tracking MPPs accurately with change in irradiation level rapidly without steady-state oscillation, and also, its dynamic performance is satisfactory. MATLAB and SIMULINK software were employed for simulation studies.

[1]. Tekeshwar Prasad Sahu, T.V. Dixit and Ramesh Kumar,‖ Simulation and Analysis of Perturb and Observe MPPT Algorithm for PV Array Using ĊUK Converter‖ Advance in Electronic and Electric Engineering. ISSN 2231-1297, Volume 4, Number 2 (2014), pp. 213-224.
[2]. Cuauhtemoc Rodriguez, Member, IEEE, and Gehan A. J. Amaratunga, Member, IEEE," Analytic Solution to the Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Problem‖ IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS—I: REGULAR PAPERS, VOL. 54, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2007.
[3]. Dr.L.V.NarasimhaRao Ramesh.Vaddi, ―Simulation Cuk Converter Using Incremental Conductance MPPT with Direct Control Method‖ International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research (IJSETR), Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2014.
[4]. R.B.Wankhede1 PROF.U.B.Vaidya, ―Energy Comparison of MPPT Techniques Using Cuk Converter‖ International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering (IJIRAE) ISSN: 2349-2163 Volume 1 Issue 6 (July 2014.

Abstract: This paper presents an automated recognition and classification technique for the various power quality disturbances. This technique is based on S-transform and MLP based neural network. The distorted voltage waveforms are generated using Matlab simulation on the test system. The S-Transform method is introduced as a powerful tool for the input feature extraction from the distorted voltage waveforms. The extracted features are applied as the inputs to the MLP based neural network for classification of various classes of power quality disturbances.............
Key Words: Power quality, Power quality disturbances, S-transform, Neural Network, MLP Based Neural Network.

[1]. Surya Santoso, Edward J. Powers, and W. Mack Grady, "Power quality assessment via wavelet transform analysis", IEEE
Transaction on power delivery, 1996.
[2]. P.K Dash,S.K Panda, A.C.Liew,B.Mishra,R.K.Jena, "A new approach to monitoring electric power quality", Electric power
systems research, 1998.
[3]. Shyh-Jier Huang , Cheng-Tao Hsieh and Ching-Lien Huang, "Application of wavelets to classify power system disturbances",
Electric power systems research,1998.
[4]. Mladen Kezunovic, "Advanced assessment of the power quality events", IEEE Transaction, 2000.
[5]. Surya Santoso, Edward J. Powers, W. Mack Grady, Jeff Lamoree and Siddharth C. Bhatt "Characterization of distribution power
quality events with Fourier and wavelet transform analysis", IEEE Transaction on power delivery, 2000.

Abstract: This paper presents the implementation of an adaptive phase locked loop (EPLL) technique for grid synchronization of single phase distributed generation system(DGS) using a low cost microcontroller. The adaptive PLL consists of a quadrature signal generator(QSG) based on a second order generalized integrator(SOGI) , Parks transform, low pass filter(LF) and frequency phase shift generator(FPG). The QSG-SOGI works as an adaptive notch filter and used for cancellation of harmonic components in the grid voltage............
Key Words: ANF, DGS, ,EPLL, Microcontroller, SOGI

[1]. Sachin Jain and Vivek Agarwal, "An Integrated Hybrid Power Supply for Distributed Generation Applications Fed by Nonconventional Energy sources", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ENERGY CONVERSION, VOL. 23, NO. 2, JUNE 2008.
[2]. Remus Teodorescu, Marco Liserre, Pedro Rodr´ıguez, Grid converters for Photovoltic and Wind Power Systems, 1st ed., John Wiley and Sons, Ltd., Publication 2011,pp.68-73.
[3]. Teresa Orłowska-Kowalska, Frede Blaabjerg, José Rodríguez, Advanced and Intelligent Control in Power Electronics and Drives, Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2014, pp
[4]. R. M. S. Filho, P. F. Seixas, P. C. Cortizo, L. A. B. Torres, and A. F. Souza, "Comparison of three single-phase PLL algorithms for UPS applications," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 55, no. 8, pp. 2923–2932, Aug. 2008.

Abstract: Developed methodology for estimation of dynamic measurement uncertainty, which corresponds to the international standards for evaluating the quality of measurements - the concept of uncertainty. It is proposed to estimate the uncertainty of dynamic measurements on the basis of the frequency characteristic measuring means and the spectral function of the input signal. This method was tested in the evaluation of the dynamic measurement of vibration of rotating machines that helped confirm its correctness and efficiency. It is found that the maximum value of the dynamic uncertainty vibration acceleration measurement of 0,05 m/s2 for an observation time of 300 s and the nominal value signal of vibration acceleration 0.35 m/s2 at a frequency of 6 kHz.
Key Words: Dynamic uncertainty of measurement devices, quality assurance of dynamic measurements, spectral function, frequency characteristic, vibration acceleration

[1]. ISO/IEC Guide 98-1:2009 «Uncertainty of measurement – Part 1: Introduction to the expression of uncertainty in measurement». – Geneva (Switzerland): ISO. – 2009. – 32 p. (Eng).

[2]. IEC GUIDE 115-2007 «Application of uncertainty of measurement to conformity assessment activities in the electrotechnical sector». – Geneva (Switzerland): IEC. – 2007. – 54 p. (Eng).

[3]. ISO/IEC 17025:2005 «General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories». – Geneva (Switzerland): ISO. – 2005. – 28 р. (Eng).
[4]. Eichstädt S. Analysis of Dynamic Measurements. Evaluation of dynamic measurement uncertainty. – Berlin: Frankenberg, 2012. – 87 р. (Eng).

Abstract: Complete or partial blackout, poor power quality and damage to connected electrical pieces of equipment at the consumer end among others are day to day experience in Nigeria. One of the major causes of this scenario can be attributed to inability of electric power system to maintain a proper voltage level throughout the entire system. This paper addresses the problem of voltage violation on Nigerian 330kV, 24-bus grid system using shunt capacitor injection at defective buses. Newton-Raphson power flow solution method was use to carry out load flow analysis with and without shunt capacitor injection.............
Key Words: Load Flow Analysis, Newton-Raphson Iterative Method, Shunt Capacitor Compensation, Voltage Profile Improvement, Voltage Violation.

[1]. Jokojeje R.A, Adejumobi I A, Adebisi O.I and Mufutau W.O (2015): "Reactive power compensation in Nigeria electricity grid using static synchronous compensator (STATCOM)",IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE), Vol. 10, Issue 2, Pp. 08-20.
[2]. Pyone L. S, Wanna S and Kyaw M. L (2011): "Effects of tap changing transformer and shunt capacitor on voltage stability enhancement of transmission networks", International Journal of Electrical, Computer, Energetic, Electronic and Communication Engineering Vol.5, No.3, Pp.268-271.
[3]. Thukaram D, Parthasarathy K, Khincha H. P, Udupa N and Bansilal A (1998): "Voltage stability improvement: case studies of Indian power network", Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 44, No. 1, Pp. 35 – 44.

Abstract: Three phase induction motors are employed in almost all the industries because of its simple construction and easy operation. Efficiency of the induction motor is affected by its fixed losses and variable losses which mainly depend on the input supply voltage and load current respectively. An attempt is made to minimize the iron losses by using the permanent magnet ferrite. A new Three Phase Induction Motor Using Written Pole Technology is proposed in this paper whose stator consists of two three phase windings accommodated in the same core and rotor is used as squirrel.............
Key Words: Three Phase Induction Motor Using Written Pole Technology, Main Winding, Exciter Winding, Control circuit for Optimum utilization

[1]. S. Hoffman, B. Banerjee, and M. Samotyj, "Written-pole Revolution," IEEE Power Eng. Rev., pp. 6–9, 1997.
[2]. P.L. Alger, E.H.Freiburghouse and.D.Chase, "Double windings for flexible alternators", AIEE Transactions, Vol.49, January 1930, pp. 226 – 244.
[3]. Alfredo Munaz-Garcia, Thomas A.Lipo, "Dual stator winding Induction Machine Drive", IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Volume 36, Issue 5, Sep/Oct 2000 pp.1369 – 1379.
[4]. Bhuvaneswari, R., Subramanian, S. (2005), "Optimization of three phase induction motor design using simulated annealing algorithm", Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 33, pp.947-56.
[5]. Murthy, S.S., Singh, B.P." Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems for Industrial Growth", Proceedings of the 1996 International Conference on Volume 1, Issue, 8-11 Jan 1996, pp.458 - 462 vol.1 .

Abstract: This paper presents a simple temperature measurement design using thermistor for industrial purposes. This paper establishes the characteristics of the resistance via temperature and it's constant since it has been difficult to determine if a thermistor has a positive or negative temperature coefficient. The practical approach was adopted to determine its characteristics where it was revealed that all thermistors are nonlinear in nature. In this design, the empirical and the practical design were compared; its implementation considers the temperature within the ranges of 350C to 600C which is 308K to 333K respectively.............
Key Words: Industrial Temperature Measurement, Modelling, Thermistor, Empirical Concept, Practical design

[1]. Afsarimanesh, N and Ahmed, P. Z. (2011). LabVIEW Based Characterization and Optimization of Thermal Sensors. International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems, Vol. 4, (4), pp. 726 – 739.
[2]. Bentley, J. P. (2005) Principles of Measurement systems, Fourth Edition, Prentice Hall, USA.Butterworth-Heinemann.
[3]. Dunn, W. C. (2005). Fundamentals of Industrial Instrumentation and Process Control. McGraw Hill, USA.
[4]. Morris, A. S. (2001) Measurement and Instrumentation Principles, Third Edition,
[5]. Nedic, B. N. and Eric, M. D. (2014). Cutting Temperature Measurement and Material Machinability. Journal of Thermal Science: Vol. 18 (1), pp.259-268.

Abstract: This paper presents a new line flow based weighted least absolute value (LFWLAV) technique for power systems making use of line flows, bus power injections and bus voltage magnitudes as the measurement vector has been suggested and it has been solved through BBO and WIPSO methods. State variables are estimated by means of constant, line flow based jacobian matrix developed from the network equations. The proposed selection of state variables has been advantageous as the jacobian matrix turns out to be constant which reduces the computational burden. Moreover..........
Key Words: State Estimation, Weighted Least Absolute value method, Line flow based WLAV, LFWLAV-BBO, LFWLAV-WIPSO and Power System.

[1] Schweppe.F.C, Wildes. J., "power system static-state estimation, Part I: Exact Model", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol.PAS-89, Issue: 1, 1970, pp. 120-125.
[2] Schweppe. F.C.; Rom.D.B, "power system static-state estimation, Part II: Approximate Model", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol.PAS-89, Issue: 1, 1970, pp. 125-130.
[3] Schweppe. F.C., "power system static-state estimation, Part III: Implementation", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol.PAS-89, Issue: 1, 1970, pp. 130-135.

[4] Larson.R, Tinney.W.F, Hajdu.L.P and Piercy.D.S, "State Estimation in Power Systems Part II: Implementation and applications", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, Vol.PAS-89, Issue: 3, 1970, pp. 353-363.
[5] Whei-Min Lin and Jen-Hao Teng, "A new transmission fast-decoupled state estimation with equality constraints", Electric Power and Energy Systems, Vol. 20, No.7, 1998, pp.489-493.

Abstract: In this paper a novel applicationof improving rival penalized competitive learning to solve the problem of pattern recognition of partial discharges (PD), the algorithm is robust to environmental noise and highly efficient separation and classification of partial discharge sources. The main contribution of this paper is a novel internal structure for Self-Organizing Map (SOM) obtaining an effective classification. To demonstrate the effectiveness of SOM proposed were performed cases study
Key Words: Partial Discharge, Self-Organizing Maps, DERCPL

[1] Partial Discharge Measurements, IEC Publication 60270, 2000.
[2] Worapradya, K. Thanakijkasem, P. Optimising steel production schedules via a hierarchical genetic algorithm. South African Journal of Industrial Engineering, 25(2), 2014. pp 209-221.
[3] Tozzi, M. "Partial discharge in power distribution electrical system: Pulse propagation models and detection optimization" Director: Cavallini A. University of Bologna. Department of Electrical Engineering. Faculty of Engineering. 2010.
[4] Mazroua, A. PD pattern recognition with neural netwoks using the multilayer perception technique. IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation, 28. 1993. 1082-1089.
[5] Krivda, A. Automated Recognition of Partial Discharge. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 28. 1995. 796-821.

Abstract: Source codes to run on application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) platforms, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and hardware drivers must be hardware-synthesizable codes. Further, these programs must have the capability to convert its outputs from one number base to another in order to build the interface to communicate with (human) users of digital hardware. The hardware synthesizable constraint forces these codes to be written using primitive operators such as multiplication, accumulation (summation), and bit manipulation rather than sophisticated mathematical functions.........
Key Words: Conversion, Digital, Binary, Numbers, Decimal, Integers

[1]. J. Gallian, Contemporary Abstract Algebra, 8th edn., Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning, Boston, Massachusetts, 2013.
[2]. D. Patterson and J. Hennessy, Computer Organization and Design, 4th edn., Morgan Kaufmann, Boston, Massachusetts, 2012.
[3]. R. Lyons, Understanding Digital Signal Processing, 2nd edn., Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2004.
[4]. H. Deitel and P. Deitel, C++ How to Program, 3rd edn., Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2001.
[5]. T. Floyd, Digital Fundamentals, 7th edn., Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2000.

Abstract: The proportional plus integral plus derivative (PID) controller has been the mainstay of feedback control for decades even though there are slew of other controllers in the books. Simplicity, ease of use, and adequate performance are the lure of the PID. A major drawback of the PID is reliance on trial and error graphical tuning method such as the Ziegler-Nichols, Cohen-Coon, and Fertik. This article introduces the phase, gain, and damping (PGD) controller. By solving a system of nonlinear algebraic equations the designer
obtains transfer functions with desired gain, damping, and phase at the closed loop bandwidth of the feedback system. This article also proposes a new method of tuning the PID controller parameters based on the PGD controller coefficients. This approach of using the PGD to tune the PID eliminates the need for cumbersome graphical tuning.
Key Words: Phase, Gain, Damping, Controller, PGD, PID

[1]. G. Franklin, J. Powell, A. Emami-Naeini, Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems, 5th edn., Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2006.
[2]. M. El-Hawary, Control System Engineering, Reston Publishing, Reston, Virginia, 1984.
[3]. K. zhou, J. C. Doyle, K. Glover, Robust and Optimal Control, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1996.
[4]. B. Anderson, J. Moore, Optimal Control: Linear Quadratic Methods, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1989.
[5]. M. Green, D. J. N. Limebeer, Linear Robust Control, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1995.

Abstract: Solving a system of linear constant coefficient differential equations with mixed initial and boundary values without the use of a computer is not a trivial endeavor if the order of the system is higher than two. This article delineates algorithms for computing the state transition matrix (STM) and the solution of systems of constant coefficient linear differential equations of any order. These algorithms obviate the shortcomings inherent in Leverrier's algorithm, Sylvester's expansion theorem, Cayley-Hamilton's theorem, and Putzer's algorithm. Furthermore, these algorithms do not require symbolic software since the STM and differential equation solution can be computed using regular Matlab or C++.
Key Words: Algorithm, state transition matrix, constant coefficient, differential equations

[1]. Kailath, T., Linear Systems, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1980.
[2]. Schultz D. G. and Melsa, J. L., State Functions and Linear Control Systems, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1967.
[3]. Jacob B., Linear Algebra, W. H. Freeman and Company, New York, 1990.
[4]. Waltman P., A Second Course in Elementary Differential Equations, Academic Press, Orlando, 1986.
[5]. Braun M., Differential Equations and Their Applications, 4th edn., Springer-Verlag, New York, 1993.

Abstract: The Power Losses in distribution system are changed depending on the configuration of the network, distributedgeneration (DG) can reduce distribution loss if they are placed appropriately in the distribution system. The optimum location, size and number of DG units are necessary to avoid the negative impacts on electric power system. In this paper, Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm (COA) is used to find the optimal size and locations of DG in order to minimize the active power losses
Key Words: Distributed Generation (DG), Cuckoo Algorithm, Power Losses

[1]. R. H. Al-Rubayiand Z. T.Hasan, "Stability Enhancement Based on Distributed Generation Units in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf Electrical Network"17th International conference on Electricity Distribution, CIRED 2003.
[2]. Patteti Prasad et al."Power Loss Minimization In Distribution System Using Network Reconfiguration with Particle Swarm Optimization", IJESAT, Vol. 5, Issue 3, PP.171-178, 2015.
[3]. D.RAMA PRABHA and T.JAYABARATHI "Determining the Optimal Location and Sizing of Distributed Generation Unit using Plant Growth Simulation Algorithm in a Radial Distribution Network",WSEAS TRANSACTIONS on SYSTEMS, Volume 13, PP. 543-550, 2014
[4]. S. Z. Kouhi et al. "Solving the Graph Partitioning based on Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm",IJARCCE, Vol. 2, Issue 10, PP. 3933-3936 October 2013.
[5]. M. A. Mellal et al. "Optimal Selection of Obsolete Tools in Manufacturing Systems Using Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm", AIDIC, VOL. 33, PP. 355-360, 2013..