iosr-JEEE   Volume-14 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2019

Abstract: The oxide fixed charge density Nf and density of near interface traps DNIT has been calculated from reliable samples of 4H-SiC MOS devices in a collaborative effort. The Nf in the p-type MOS device equals the DNIT on the n-type MOS device after NO annealing of the wet oxide, indicating that they are a result of ionisation of deep traps formed due to neutral oxygen vacancies near the Si-rich 2-3 nm SiC/SiO2 interface region. The value of Nf is 23.6 x 1011/cm2. This is high and significantly contributes to limiting mobility of the n-channel MOSFET. The oxide breakdown......

Keywords: Deep Traps, Silicon Carbide FET, Conduction band, Mobility, Dielectric Breakdown field

[1]. R.K. Chanana, K. McDonald, M. Di Ventra, S.T. Pantelides, L.C. Feldman, G.Y. Chung, C.C. Tin, J.R. Williams, R.A. Weller, "Fowler-Nordheim hole tunnelling in p-SiC/SiO2 structures", Appl. Phys. Letts, 2000;77(16):2560-2562.

[2]. R.K. Chanana, "Determination of hole effective mass in SiO2 and SiC conduction band offset using Fowler-Nordheim tunnelling characteristics across metal-oxide-semiconductor structures after applying oxide field corrections", J. Appl. Phys., 2011;109:104508. [3]. J.R. Williams, G.Y. Chung, C.C. Tin, K. McDonald, D. Farmer, R.K. Chanana, R.A. Weller, S.T. Pantelides, O.W. Holland, M.K. Das, L.A. Lipkin, L.C. Feldman, "Nitrogen passivation of the interface states near the conduction band edge in 4H-Silicon Carbide", Mat. Res.Soc.Symp. Proc.2001; 640:H3.5.1-H3.5.12.

[4]. G.Y. Chung, C.C. Tin, J.R. Williams, K. McDonald, R.K. Chanana, R.A. Weller, S.T. Pantelides, L.C. Feldman, O.W. Holland, M.K. Das, J.W. Palmour, "Improved inversion channel mobilityfor 4H-SiC MOSFETs following high temperature anneals in Nitric oxide", IEEE EDL,2001;22(4):176-178.

[5]. R.K. Chanana, "Interrelated current-voltage/capacitance-voltage traces based characterisation study on 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor devices in accumul ation and Si device in inversion along with derivation of the average oxide fields for carrier tunnelling from the cathode and the anode", IOSR-JEEE, 2019;14(3):49-63..

Abstract: To address the trend of power failure, there is need to develop a model capable of efficiently managing the power supply system. In this study a microgrid was modeled and simulated for the Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Ogun State to manage the power supply challenge. Facilities audits were carried out within the University campus. Matlab/simulink was used to model a microgrid for (FUNAAB). Facilities audit revealed that FUNAAB had a total power generator rating of 6130kVA. From the load audit the generator capacity could be aggregated into three power houses of 2 x 2000kVA and 1 x 1950kVA. The remaining 3 x 60kVA generators were left unaggregated to serve as auxiliary/back up. The total power from PHCN was 2100kVA and 2 x...........

Index Terms—Communities, organization, development, infrastructure, supply

[1]. Katiraei, F., Iravani .M.R. and Lehn .P.W.2005. "Micro-grid autonomous operation during and subsequent to islanding process," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 20, no. 1
[2]. Lasseter, R., Akhil, A., Marney, C., Stephens, J., Dagle, J., Guttromson, R., Meliopoulous, A.S., Yinger, R. and Eto, J. (2002). Integration of distributed energy resources. The CERTS microgrid concept.
[3]. Leite da Silva, A.M., Sales, W.L, Da Fonseca Manso, LA, and Billinton, R. 2010."Long-term probabilistic evaluation of operating reserve requirements with renewable sources," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol.25, no.1,
[4]. Marshall, G. Modeling of a micro grid system.2004.Bachelor Thesis, University of Newcastle, Australia.
[5]. Molderink, A., Bakker, V., Bosman, M.G.C., Hurink, J.L. and Smit, G.J.M.2010. "Management and control of domestic smart grid technology," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 1, no. 2.

Abstract: Processing voice signal has become very important in the present generation of communication because it is used in sending information across various locations of any distance on daily basis. But along its path of propagation or source of generation the signal can be contaminated by different noise components including Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN), Random Noise, power line noise, high and low frequency noise components. If these noise components are not eliminated, they degrade the integrity of the voice signal and render its information content...........

Index Terms—Kaiser Window, voice signal, high frequency noise, power spectral density.

[1]. Saseendran, T.K. and Rajesh Mehra. Kaiser Window Based 21 Tap FIR Filter for Audio Applications. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT),2014, pp.99-103.
[2]. S. Sangeetha and P. Kannan. Design and Analysis of Digital Filters for Speech
[3]. Signals Using Multirate Signal Processing. ICTACT Journal on Microelectronics, Vol. 03, Issue 04, January, 2018, pp. 480-486.
[4]. Pranab Kumar Dharand Mohammand Ibrahim Khan. Design and Implementation of Non Real Time Digital Filters for Audio Signal Processing. Journal of emerging Trends in Computing and Information Science, Vol.2, No.3, 2011, pp. 149-155.
[5]. Poulami Das, Subhas Chandra, Sudip Kumar and Sankar Narayan. An Approach for Obtaining Least Noisy Signal Using Kaiser Window and and Genetic Algorithm. International Journal of Computer Applications, Vol. 150, No. 6, September, 2016, pp. 16-21.

Abstract: Automotive communication has witnessed a remarkable growth in recent years due to modern communication technologies and the advent of new radio frequency (RF) receivers. The microstrip antenna is popularly used in the navigation system due to their simple profile and ease of integrating with the vehicle body. This paper presents the design and implementation of a compact circularly polarized GPS microstrip antenna for vehicular navigation. The microstrip antenna was designed using Flame Retardant-4 (FR-4) substrate material with a dielectric constant of 4.4. The design was based on the transmission line model and simulated using Computer Simulation Technology........

Index Terms— microstrip antenna; GPS antenna; circular polarization; circular slot; truncated edges; vehicular navigation

[1]. Marian W., and Leszek N., (2017). "Car Microstrip GPS Antenna," Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium, pp 444-448
[2]. Muzi Yuan, Du Li, Baiyu Li, Huaming Chen, and Gang O., "Assessment Method of Multipath Mitigation Performance for GNSS Antenna with Receiver Algorithms," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 2017, Article ID 1957572, 13 pages, 2017.
[3]. W. L. Langston and D. R. Jackson, "Impedance, axial-ratio, and receive-power bandwidths of microstrip antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 52, no. 10, pp. 2769–2774, Oct 2004.
[4]. S.-H. Hsu and K. Chang, "A novel reconfigurable microstrip antenna with switchable circular polarization," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 6, pp. 160–162, 2007.
[5]. W.-S. Chen, K.-L. Wong, and C.-K. Wu, "Inset microstrip line-fed circularly polarized microstrip antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 48, no. 8, pp. 1253–1254, Aug 2000.

Abstract: This paper presents a model-based PI controller tuning and design for field oriented current control of permanent magnet synchronous motor. A systematic approach is adopted to accurately determine the gains of the PI controller, from first principle, using the mathematical model of the control system. The designed PI controller for field oriented current control was tested on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM). The accuracy of the design is reflected in the results which show effective tracking of both the d-axis and q-axis reference currents with minimal overshoot. These results clearly represent a superior alternative to the traditional approach of selecting PI controller gains by trial and error with its attendant demerits.

Index Terms— PI controller, proportional gain, integral gain, PMSM, overshoot

[1]. N. Tan and D. P. Atherton, Design of stabilizing PI and PID controllers, International Journal of Systems Science, 37(8), 2006, 543-
554.
[2]. J.C. Basilio and S.R. Matos, Design of PI and PID controllers with transient performance specifications, IEEE Transactions on
Education, 45(4), Nov 2002, 364-370.
[3]. R. Kumar and S. Singla, A comparative analysis of different methods for the tuning of PID Controllers, International Journal of
Electronics Communications and Electrical Engineering, 3(2), February 2013, 1-17.
[4]. C. Gasparovic, E. Eyng, L. Frare, R. Arioli and F. Orssatto, PID tuning by central composite rotational design methodology: a case
study of absorption Column for biogas purification, International Journal of Innovative Computation, Information and Control,
14(1), February 2018, 15-32.
[5]. S. Skogestad, Probably the best simple PID tuning rules in the world, Journal of Process Control, 13, September 2003, 291-309

Abstract: The work consists of the development of the clarified model of a gas-diesel device by taking into account its design features and the influence of the turbo-supercharger. The analysis of the influence of the turbine on the physical processes occurring in the gas-diesel device, on the basis of which positive feedback on the torque on the shaft of the gas-diesel device is introduced, has been carried out. The process of parametric optimization of the PID-controller of the gas-diesel device has been automated to ensure high performance of the control quality in dynamic modes of its operation. As a result of modeling, oscillograms(records produced by an oscillograph or oscilloscope.) of transients before and after optimization of the controller have been obtained.

[1]. Campbell St. L., Chancelier J.-P., Nikoukhah R., Modeling and Simulation in Scilab/Scicos with ScicosLab 4.4, New York: Springer, 2006.
[2]. Lukutin B.V., Shandarova E.B., "Ways of decrease in fuel consumption of diesel power station / B.V. Lukutin," Modern problems of science and education, Academy of natural science, No. 2, pp. 1-4, 2013.
[3]. Tsekouras G. J., Hatzilau I. K., Prousalidis J. M., "A new pattern recognition methodology for classification of load profiles for ships electric consumers," Journal of Marine Engineering and Technology, No. 14, pp. 45-58, 2014.

[4]. Mahmoud Mohammad Salem Al-suod, Ushkarenko Alexander O., Dorogan Olga I., "Optimization of the structure of diesel-generator units of ship power system," International Journal of Advanced Computer Research (IJACR), Vol. 5, Issue 18. pp. 68-74., 2015.
[5]. Waleed F. Faris, Hesham A. Rakha, Raed M. Kafafy, MoumenIdres, Salah Elmoselhy, "Diesel Engine Analytical Model," International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Vol. 3, Issue 8, pp. 1-12, 2012.

Abstract: 4H-SiC (0001) oriented surface compares to the Si (111) surface in terms of planar density of atoms. The positive charge and deep acceptor "Border" trap densities in the MOS devices on the two surfaces correlate to each other with the charge and trap density in the 4H-SiC MOS devices being three times those in the Si MOS devices at 12 x 1011/cm2in the wet oxidised/wet re-oxidised/Ar annealed sample. The Nf values in the p-type and n-type devices on Si-face of 4H-SiC create a window of 36 x 1011/cm2 as the charge density. Moving the window to the left through processing increases the leakage current and lowers the oxide breakdown field. Moving the window to the right increases the density of near interface traps (NITs) that reduces the surface mobility of the n-channel MOSFET..........

Keywords: MOS Devices, Silicon, Silicon Carbide, Planar density, Donor and Acceptor traps

[1]. R.K. Chanana, "High density of deep acceptor traps near the 4H-SiC conduction band limits surface mobility and dielectric breakdown field in an n-channel 4H-SiC MOSFET", IOSR-JEEE, 2019;14(4):1-8

[2]. B.E. Deal, M. Sklar, A.S. Grove, E.H. Snow, "Characteristics of surface state charge (Qss) of thermally oxidized silicon", J. Electrochem. Soc.: Solid State Science, 1967; 114 (3): 266-274.

[3]. D.M. Fleetwood, ""Border Traps" in MOS devices", IEEE Trans. On Nucl. Sc., 1992;39(2): 269-271.

[4]. D.M. Fleetwood, P.S. Winokur, R.A. Reber, Jr., T.L. Meinsenheimer, J.R. Schwank, M.R. Shaneyfelt, L.C. Riewe, "Effects of oxide traps, interface traps and "border traps" on metal-oxide-semiconductor devices", J. Appl. Phys. 1993;73(10): 5058-5074.

[5]. S.M. Sze, "Energy Bands and Carrier Concentration" in Semiconductor Devices Physics and Technology, New York, John Wiley and Sons, 1985, pp.1-29..

Abstract: Integration of remote sensing data and the Geographical Information System (GIS) for the
exploration of groundwater resources has become an innovation in the field of groundwater research, which
assists in assessing, monitoring, and conserving groundwater resources. In the present paper, groundwater
potential zones for the assessment of groundwater availability in Salem and Namakkal districts of TamilNadu
have been delineated using remote sensing and GIS techniques. The spatial data are assembled in digital format
and properly registered to take the spatial component referenced. The namely sensed data provides more
reliable information on the different themes..........

Keywords: Study, Agricultural, Drainage, Systems

[1]. Oosterbaan, R.J. 1992. Agricultural land drainage : a wider application through caution and rstraint. In: ILRI Annual Report 1991,
Wageningen, pp. 21-36.
[2]. Oosterbaan, R.J., D.P. Sharma, K.N. Singh and K.V.G.K. Rao 1990. Crop production and soil salinity: evaluation of field data from
India by segmented linear regression. In: Symposium on land drainage for salinity control in arid and semi -arid regions, Vol. III.
Drainage Research Institute, Cairo, pp. 373-383.
[3]. Oosterbaan, R.J. and M. Abu Senna 1990. Using Saltmod to predict drainage and salinity in the Nile Delta. In: ILRI Annual Report
1989, Wageningen, pp. 63-75.
[4]. Qorani, M., M.S. Abdel Dayem and R.J. Oosterbaan 1990. Evaluation of restricted subsurface drainage in rice fields. In:
Symposium on land drainage for salinity control in arid and semi-arid regions, Vol. 3. Drainage Research Institute, Cairo, pp. 415-
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[5]. Subramani.T, Sivakumar.C.T, Kathirvel.C, Sekar.S," Identification Of Ground Water Potential Zones In Tamil Nadu By Remote
Sensing And GIS Technique" International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications , Vol. 4 , Issue 12(Version 3),
pp.127-138, 2014.

Abstract: A Body Area Network is a system of computing devices located in close proximity to the human body
which coordinates and cooperates for the benefit of the user. Body Area Networks have evolved out of sensor
network technology and biomedical engineering. In this paper we discuss various aspects of Body Area
Networks, introduction section deals with various concepts associated with computer networks and some
supporting technologies of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs). Section 2 deals with the various definitions
of Body Area Networks (BANs) followed by the types of BAN in section 3 and system architecture in section 4.
Section 5 gives the draft guidelines by IEEE 802.15.6 for a communications standard for BAN, the next two
sections list out the applications and current research trends of BAN followed by theconclusion.

Keywords: Body Area Network, Types of BAN, applications, researchtrends.

[1] Eric Karulf, "Body Area Networks (BAN)", http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse574- 08/ ftp/ban/index.html
[2] M.Maman,B.Denis,R.D'Errico,"ResearchTrendsinWirelessBodyAreaNetworks: From On-Body to Body-to-Body Cooperation.
IEEE DOI 10.1109/ISMICT.2014.6825240
[3] Sergio Gonzalex-Valenzuela, Xuedong Liang, Huasong Cao, Min Chen, Victor C.M. Leung. "Body Area Networks". Autonomous
Sensor Network: Collective Sensing Strategies for Analytical Purposes, pages 28-34, edited by Daniel Filippini, 2012, Springer
Science and businessmedia
[4] David B. Smith, Dino Miniutti, Tharaka A. Lamahewa, Leif W. Hanlen. "Propagation Models for Body Area Networks: A Survey
and New Outlook", IEEE DOI 10.1109/MAP.2013.6735479
[5] Kyung Sup Kwak, M.A. Ameen, Daehan Kwak, Cheolhyo Lee, Hyungsoo Lee, "A Study on Proposed IEEE 802.15 WBAN MAC
Protocols", IEEE DOI 10.1109/ISCIT.2009.5341126

Abstract: Prosthesis is an artificial device that replaces a missing body part. In medicine, prosthesis is an
artificial device that replaces a missing body part, which may be lost through trauma, disease, or congenital
conditions. Prosthetic amputee rehabilitation is primarily coordinated by a prosthetist and an inter-disciplinary
team of health care professionals including psychiatrists, surgeons, physical therapists, and occupational
therapists. A person's prosthetics should be designed and assembled according to the patient's appearance and
functionalneeds.
For instance, a patient may need transradial prosthesis, but need to choose between an aesthetic functional
device, a myoelectric device, a body-powered device, and an activity specific device. The patient's future goals
and economical capabilities may help them choose between one or more devices.
Key words: prosthesis, flex sensor, data glove, robotic arm, human hand replica.

[1] Chandrasekhar p.shinde,"design of myoelectric arm", international journal of advanced science, engineering and technology. Issn
2319-5924,vol 1, issue 1, 2012, pp21-25.
[2] "A survey of robotic hand-arm systems" international journal of computer application (0975-8887), volume 109-no. 8, january2015.
[3] "Flex sensor based robotic arm controller using microcontroller", journal of software engineering andapplication,2012,5,364-366.
[4] "esign of robotic hand using flex sensor",international journal of advanced research in electronics and communication engineering,
volume 4, issue 12, december2015.
[5] Parthranjansingh, prathishastry, jagadish d. Kini, farzadtaheri and t.g.girikumar, design and development of a data glove for the
assistance of the physically challenged. International journal of electronics and communication engineering & technology
(ijecet).4(4), 2013, pp.36–41
[6] L. Shrimanthsudheer, immanuel j., p. Bhaskar and parvathi c. S. Arm 7 microcontroller based fuzzy logic controller for liquid level
control system. International journal of electronics and communication engineering & technology (ijecet).4(2), 2013, pp.217–224

Abstract: In clusters with heterogeneous systems the progress of data intensive task is estimated using
mapreduce framework. But it is not suitable for computational intensive task due to biased estimation of task
progress, traditional frameworks cannot timely cut off outliers and therefore largely prolong execution time.
Here proposed new framework No Outlier with the instrumentation and outlier clustering techniques for
identification of outliers. Since dynamic instrumentation is more precise than static instrumentation, the exact
outlier can be identified at runtime and speculative task execution is taken place with average CPU usage.
Key Word: Instrumentation, Outliers Clustering, Scheduler, Parallel processing.

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Berkeley, CA, USA: USENIX Association, 2008, pp. 29–42. [4][2]. G. Ananthanarayanan, S. Kandula, A. Greenberg, I. Stoica, Y. Lu, B. Saha, and E.Harris, "Reining in the outliers in mapreduce
clusters using mantri," in Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on Operating systems design and implementation,
ser.OSDI'10. Berkeley, CA, USA: USENIX Association, 2010, pp. 1–16.
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Distributed Systems, vol. 9,pp. 872–892, 1998.
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24, no. 4, pp. 361–392, Nov. 2006.
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Comput. Syst., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 336–346, Feb. 2006.