iosr-JEEE   Volume-16 ~ Issue-4 ~ Jul. – Aug. 2021

Abstract: This paper presents the design and simulation of single stage common source low noise amplifier using diode connected load technique. The amplifier designed and simulated using 130 nm CMOS technology. The amplifier circuitry provides 50.33 GHz bandwidth with power gain of 15 dB. Output noise reduced to 138.2 uVrms as using diode connected load technique and the circuitry gives noise figure of 0.9 dB and input referred third order intercept point of 34.66 mdB. The proposed LNA dissipates very low power reached to 12.48 uW using power supply of 1.2 V.........

Keywords: Low noise amplifier (LNA); ultra-wide-band (UWB); Noise figure (NF); Diode connected transistor.

[1]. A. S. Kushwah, and S. Katare" A Review on Wide Bandwidth Low Noise Amplifier for Modern Wireless Communication" International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET). 2017; 4 (10): 917-920.
[2]. Multi-band OFDM physical layer proposal, IEEE P802.15 working group for wireless personal area networks (WPANs), http://grouper. Ieee.org/groups/802/15/pub/2003/Ju103/03267r5p802 15 TG3a-Multi-band-OFDM-CFP-Presentation.ppt.
[3]. M. Bansal, and Jyoti "Utilizing CMOS Low-Noise Amplifier for Bluetooth Low Energy Applications" Applications of Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Engineering. 2019: 239-251.
[4]. Y-L. Wei, S. S. Hsu, and J-D. Jin "A Low-power low-noise amplifier for K-band applications" IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters. 2009; 19 (2): 116-118.
[5]. C-C. Wu, M-F. Chou, W-S. Wuen, and K-A. Wen " A Low Power CMOS Low Noise Amplifier for Ultra-widband Wireless Applications" IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems. 2005: 5063-5066.

Abstract: This paper shows how to simulate a PV-wind hybrid system in Matlab/Simulink. In addition, the study considers the economic feasibility of a hybrid power system for usage in rural areas in India. It is modeled using metrological data from the Chitrakoot District of Madhya Pradesh at MGCGV ( 25° 09'22.20"N81°07'.99"E). PV panels, a wind turbine, a power converter, and a battery for storage are all part of the planned freestanding hybrid power system. The analysis was performed by connecting a load with an effective daily energy consumption of 11.27Kwh/day and a maximum demand of 2.39KW. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) provided the site's metrological data (NREL)........

Keywords: PV, Wind Turbine Battery, Economical Analysis, HOMER Pro. PSO,SIMULINK/MATLAB ,MICROGRID

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Abstract: In microgrids Voltage Source Inverters are most widely used for integration of distributed energy generation resources to supply the load demand. Microgrids have the capacity to meet the power demand of local loads in case of the main grid failure. .Under this condition voltage and frequency support from the main grid is not possible , so it is the responsibility of Voltage Source Inverter's(VSI) is to keep voltage and frequency of the microgrid within limits .Loads such as Unbalanced three phase loads, single phase high impedance faults, or nonlinear loads (rectifier, Asynchronous Drives, Variable Frequency Drives etc) may cause severe voltage unbalance and harmonic distortion. Voltage unbalance in an islanded microgrid is removed by implementing a novel virtual impedance loop. The proposed control strategy is based on Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) theory. The proposed microgrid is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink SimPower System toolbox.

Key Words: Nonlinear loads, harmonics, power factor, grid, voltage source converter, impedance loop,

[1]. J. H. R. Enslin and P. J. M. Heskes, "Harmonic interaction between a large number of distributed power inverters and the distribution network," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 1586–1593, Nov. 2004.
[2]. U. Borup, F. Blaabjerg, and P. N. Enjeti, "Sharing of nonlinear load in parallel connected three-phase converters," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 1817–1823, Nov./Dec. 2001.
[3]. P. Jintakosonwit, H. Fujita, H. Akagi, and S. Ogasawara, "Implementation and performance of cooperative control of shunt active filters for harmonic damping throughout a power distribution system," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 556–564, Mar./Apr. 2003.
[4]. P. Rodríguez, J. Pou, J. Bergas, J. I. Candela, R. P. Burgos, and D.Boroyevich, "Decoupled double synchronous reference frame PLL for power converters control," IEEE Trans. Power Electron, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 584–592, Mar. 2007.
[5]. S. B. Kjaer, J. K. Pedersen, and F. Blaabjerg, "A review of single-phase grid-connected inverters for photovoltaic modules," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1292–1306, Sep./Oct. 2005.

Abstract: This paper presents the simulation of the Bp350 Photovoltaic (PV) module using MATLAB/Simulink. The I–V and P–V characteristics are obtained for varying solar insolation keeping cell temperature constant at room temperature. The effect of a change in temperature is also observed to provide better understanding on the behaviour of the system model. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control technique which is based on the Perturb and Observe (P&O) and Incremental Conductance (InCond) is also described..

Key Words: Photovoltaic (PV); Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT); Maximum Power Point (MPP); Perturb and Observe (P&O); Incremental Conductance (InCond), Standard Test Condition (STC)-Solar insolation, 1000W/m2 , Cell temperature, 250C , Air mass, 1.5

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Abstract: A microgrid is defined as an independent power network that uses distributed energy resources to provide grid backup or off-grid power to meet the load demand. Microgrids play an important role in managing and controlling the distributed generation. It is very important to maintain the quality of power for the organizations such as data centers, hospitals and airports that rely on 24/7 access to uninterrupted power to operate efficiently. Hence, in a microgrid, it is essential to maintain the power balance in load-demand for stability. Balancing the power becomes even more important as the microgrid is operating with a limited supply to the load demand. Control techniques are used for power balancing in microgrid also to have smooth and reliable operation. The proposed work involves.......

Key Words: Power Management; Microgrid; PV Panel; Wind Turbine; Dual Input Single Output (DISO) Converter; Bi-directional DC-DC Converter; Controllers and Inverter

[1] Abhishek Kumar and Muhammad Zafar Ullah Khan, "Microgrids Technology: A Review Paper", International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, volume 3, 11-20 march 2018.
[2] Reza Sabzehgar, "Overview of Technical Challenges, Available Technologies and Ongoing Developments of AC/DC Microgrids", Article published by INTECH, August 2017. [3] Anand B Jadhav and S H Pawar, "Power management of DC mircogrid and AC grid" International Conference on Innovations in Information, Embedded and Communication Systems (ICIIECS), Coimbatore, India, 17-18 March 2017.
[4] Chitra Natesan, SenthilKumar Ajithan, Swathi Chohavendhan and Anitha Devendhiran, "Power Management Strategies in Microgrid: A Survey", International Journal of Renewable Energy research, Vol.5, No.2, 2015.
[5] Mengchu Zhao and Qingguang Yu, "Research of Voltage Control Strategy for Power Management System in DC mirco grid", IEEE International Conference on Energy Internet (ICEI) , Beijing, China,17-21 April 2017

Abstract: This article demonstrates through calculations a six times lower border trap density in the MOS device having grown oxide in the ultra-dry oxidizing ambient containing less than 1 part per million of water. The BT density comes down from 24 x 1011/cm2eV for the wet re-oxidized oxide to about 4 x 1011/cm2eV for the ultra-dry oxide. A significantly higher surface field-effect mobility of over 60 cm2/V-s is projected because of the ultra-dry oxidation of the Si-face of 4H-SiC (0001) oriented epi-surface. The presence of moisture in the oxidizing ambient promotes formation of higher BT density by forming near-interfacial oxygen vacancy defects.

Key Words: Border traps, Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, Mobility, Oxidation, Silicon Carbide

[1]. R.K. Chanana, "Interrelated current-voltage/capacitance-voltage traces-based characterization study on 4H-SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor devices in accumulation and Si device in inversion along with derivation of the average oxide fields for carrier tunnelling from the cathode and the anode", IOSR-JEEE, 2019;14(3):49-63.
[2]. R.K. Chanana, "Issues in current-voltage/capacitance-voltage traces-based MIS characterization that improves understanding for a better design of n-channel MOSFETs on Si and SiC", IOSR-J. Electrical and Electronics Engg., 2019;14(3):1-9.
[3]. R.K. Chanana, "High density of deep acceptor traps near the 4H-SiC conduction band limits surface mobility and dielectric breakdown field in a n-channel 4H-SiC MOSFET", IOSR-J. Electrical and Electronics Engg., 2019;14(4):1-8.
[4]. R.K. Chanana, "Correlated positive charges and deep donor and acceptor border traps in Si and 4H-SiC MOS devices", IOSR-J. Electrical and Electronics Engg., 2019;14(4):49-55.
[5]. R.K. Chanana, "The intertwined features of trap charges and surface mobility in the MOS and MOSFET devices fabricated on elemental Si and compound semiconductors such as silicon carbide and gallium nitride", IOSR-J. Electrical and Electronics Engg., 2019;14(5):52-64

Abstract: Electricity consumers are now conscious of energy usage thereby required system to monitor energy consumed and to control the switching ON/OFF of equipments connected home and away. In most cases consumers are far away from home. Whenever electricity is available, the desire to control switching ON/OFF of connected equipments home and away and to eliminate the challenges imposed by distance between the consumers and the equipments that must be put under control created the need for this system and the study. Similar works on this were more on applications of Bluetooth and infrared systems, very few were on the application of mobile communication system.......

Keywords: Mobile Control, Energy Meter, Load Control System

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Abstract: This paper is a consequence upon the paper of J.Y. Ahn, Y.H. Kim and S.K. Kim that was published in IEICE Transactions on Information & Systems, for fuzzy differential diagnosis under intuitionistic fuzzy set
environments. We point out that their aggregation procedure for two intuitionistic fuzzy relations may violate the definition of intuitionistic fuzzy set. Our revisions not only improve the shortcomings of their procedure but also are compatible with the fuzzy set. Our findings provide a solid theoretical foundation for medical diagnosis with the intuitionistic fuzzy set.

Keywords: Fuzzy differential diagnosis; Intuitionistic fuzzy set; Quantified data

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