Volume-10 ~ Issue-11 ~ November-2017

Abstract: Textile industries release large volumes of dye wastewater that contain different dyes. Azo dyes contain strong N=N bond which are not easily broken by conventional methods. The discharge of this type of wastewater to natural watercourse can pose serious environmental impacts to aquatic life and man.A study was carried out to investigate the effects of process parameters on the electrochemical treatment of textile dye wastewaterfrom a Kenyan Textile Factory using stainless steel as anode material. Two model dyesnamely C.I. Reactive Red 76 (RR) and C.I. Disperse Blue 79(DB)obtained from Rift Valley Textile Factory (RIVATEX) in Kenyawere used for the study.The process parameters........

Keywords: Azo dyes, wastewater, electrocoagulation

[1]. Hameed B. H., Ahmad A. A. and Aziz N. (2007). "Isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of acid dye adsorption on activated palm ash", Journal of Chemical Engineering 3: 251.
[2]. Pearce C.I., Llyod J.R., and Guthrie J.T. (2003). The removal of color from textile wastewater using whole bacterial cells: a review, Journal of Dyes and Pigments, 58:179-196.
[3]. Kashefialasl M., Khosravi, M., Marandi R. and Seyyedi K. (2006). Treatment of dye solution containing colored index acid yellow 36 by electrocoagulation using iron electrodes, International Journal of Environmental Science and Technolgy4 (2) 365-371.
[4]. Baryamoglu, M., Eyvaz, E., Kobya, M. (2007), Treatment of textile wastewater by electrocoagulation: economic evaluation. Journal of Chemical engineering, 128: 155 – 161.
[5]. Chen, X.,Chen, G.,Yue P.L. (2003), Separation of pollutants from a restaurant wastewater by electrocoagulation. Separation Purification Technology, 19: 65 – 76..

Abstract: A study on the effect of different aeration rates on the speed of composting process was carried with mixtures of cattle manure and three different carbon sources (sawdust, rice pods and sunflower husks) under controlled laboratory conditions. The performance characteristics of composting process were evaluated in terms of the evolution of temperature (T), pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and organic matter (OM) content. The single, one-time filling of the composting reactors with the compost mixture showed better performance characteristics over the gradual filling of the reactors. The aeration for 15 min/hour at the rate of 50 L air/min provided sufficient quantity of O2 for aerobic conditions in the composting mixtures. The compost mixtures with sunflower husks maintained longer thermophilic phase with higher average daily temperatures in comparison to the other two bulking agents.

Keywords: Cattle manure, composting, bulking agents, sawdust, rice pods, sunflower husks

[1] Bhamidimarri, S.M. R., S.P. Pandey. , Aerobic thermophilic composting of piggery solid wastes, Water Science and Technology. 33(8), 1996, 89-94.
[2] Czekała, W., K. Malinska, R. Cáceres, D. Janczak, J. Dach, A. Lewicki., Co-composting of poultry manure mixtures amended with biochar – The effect of biochar on temperature and C-CO2 emission, Bioresour. Technol. 200, 2016, 921–927.
[3] Dell'Abate, M.T., F. Tittarelli. 2002. Monitoring of a composting process: thermal stability of raw materials and products. In: Insam. H., N. Riddech, S. Klammer. (Eds.), Microbiology of Composting. Springer. Heidelberg. Germany. 357–372.
[4] EN 13038:2012 "Soil improvers and growing media - Determination of electrical conductivity"
[5] EN 15933:2012 "Sludge, treated biowaste and soil - Determination of pH"..

Abstract: Parkinson disease is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by muscle rigidity, tremor and bradykinesia. The central aspect of Parkinson disease involves dysmetabolism of specific proteins resulting in aggregation, aborted protein degradation and/or formation of Lewy bodies. Parkinson disease involves the progressive loss of dopamine-containing neurons from the substantia nigra. The study of involvement of a protein named alpha synuclein in disease and the ligands targeting it, to possibly find a drug to cure the disease. Mutation in α-synuclein can lead to misfolding, aggregation and resistance to protein degradation. In silico approach to design a drug for.......

Keywords: Parkinson disease , Alpha synuclein, Docking, ADME/Tox,

[1] Parkinson's Disease Pathway, R. Conrad, Ph.D., a Life Science industry consultant: Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by muscle rigidity, tremor and bradykinesia.
[2] Parkinson's disease dementia: what's in a Lewy body? D.J Burn, J. Nerual. Transm. Suppl. 70, 361-365(2006).
[3] Parkin and defective ubiquitination in Parkinson's disease. Dawson T.M., J. Nerual. Transm. Suppl. 70, 209-213, (2006).
[4] (a) Parkin mediates nonclassical, proteasomal-independent ubiquitination of synphilin-1: K.L. Lim, et. al. (2005): (b)implications for Lewy body formation. J. Neurosci. 25, 2002-(2009).
[5] Lentiviral vector delivery of parkin prevents dopaminergic degeneration in an alpha-synuclein rat model of Parkinson's disease. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. Lo Bianco, C. et. al. 101, 17510-17515, (2004).

Abstract: Most herbal medicines and their derivative products were often prepared from crude plant extracts, which comprise a complex mixture of different phytochemical constituents. The chemical features of these constituents differ considerably among different species. GC-MS method used for the analysis of the obtained extracts can be an interesting tool for testing the amount of some active principles in herbs used in various industries. The aim of this study was to carry out for identification of bioactive compounds from the methanolic extract of Abelmoschas moschatus flower by Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). GCMS analysis of methanolic extract was done by.......

Keywords: Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy, Abelmoschas moschatus, Phytochemistry

[1]. G. Sathyaprabha, S. Kumaravel, D. Ruffina, P. Praveenkumar, A comparative study on antioxidant, proximate analysis, antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of Aloe vera and Cissus quadrangularis by GC-MS. J Pharma Res. 3 (2010) 2970-3.
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[4]. R.H. Liu, Potential synergy of phytochemicals in cancer prevention: Mechanism of action. Journal of Nutrition. 134 (12) (2004) 3479–3485.
[5]. M. Hamburger, K. Hostettmann, Bioactivity in plants: the link between phytochemistry and medicine. Phytochemistry. 30 (1991) 3864-74..

Abstract: In the present study, the reactive absorption of CO2 in aqueous NaOH and Na2CO3-NaHCO3buffer solution has been utilized to investigate the mass transfer coefficient (kLa). Bubble column reactors can serve as potential bioreactors for the commercial production of proteins, antibiotics and enzymes with tunable operational parameters. CO2 induced bubble reactors have a prospect of application in CO2 sequestration for algal/microbial conversions, where absorption of CO2 in systemic media is essential.In order to study the hydrodynamics for the design of biological systems, the rates of absorption of pure carbon dioxide into the buffer solution have been measured using a Bubble Column reactor............

Keywords: Bubble column, Mass transfer coefficient, reactive absorption, CO2 sequestration, surfactant.

[1]. Juvekar, V. A.; Sharma, M.M. Absorption of CO2 in a suspension of lime, Chem. Eng. Sci.,28, pp.825-837.
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Abstract: Two simple, accurate, precise and sensitive spectrophotometric methods have been developed and validated for determination of Rilpivirine in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. Method A and B involves the formation of a colored chloroform extractable ion pair complex of drug with bromothymol blue and Bromocresol green absorbing maximally at 425nm and 415nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 4-20μg/ml for methods A and B. Molar absorptivity, Sandell's sensitivity, Association constant, Limit of Quantification and Limit of Detection were calculated. The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of Rilpivirine in pharmaceutical formulation.

Keywords: Rilpivirine, Spectrophotometry, Bromothymol blue, Bromocresol green, ion-pair complex, Validation.

[1]. Steven J. Smith,Gary T. Pauly, AamirAkram, Kevin Melody, Ganesha Rai, David J. Maloney, Zandrea Ambrose, Craig J. Thomas, Joel T. Schneiderand Stephen H. Hughes,Rilpivirine analogs potently inhibit drug-resistant HIV-1 mutants, BioMed Central,13, 2016,1-18.
[2]. Rimsky L, Vingerhoets J, Van Eygen V, Eron J, Clotet B, Hoogstoel A, Genotypic and phenotypic haracterization of HIV-1 isolates obtained from patients on rilpivirine therapy experiencing virologic failure in the phase 3 ECHO and THRIVE studies: 48-week analysis,J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr.59,2012, 39-46.
[3]. Christopher James, Lee Preininger, and Meryn Sweet. Rilpivirine: A second-generation nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Am J Health-Syst Pharm,69, 2012, 857-861.
[4]. K.Vijayasri, G.Vinay Jain and M. Madhuri,UV-Visible Spectrophotometric Method for the Estimation of Rilpivirine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Dosage Form by Using Multivariate Technique,Chemical Science Transactions,4(3), 2015, 799-805.
[5]. Vijaya Sri, K.Jain, G. Vinay, Madhuri, M. Zero Order and First Order Derivative Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Rilpivirine Hydrochloride in Bulk Drug and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form,Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry,7(8), 2014, 717-721.

Abstract: In present work we have developed a new and simple method for analysis of some Antiarrhythmic drugs inpure form and in their pharmaceutical preparations. This method isbased on simple oxidation-reduction titration with a new synthesized Potassiumdipertelluratocuprate (III) reagent. Some Antiarrhythmic drugs are selected and oxidized with new Cu (III) reagent and then iodometric titration is performed with standard sodiumthiosulphatesolution using starch as an indicator.Cu (III) reagent is an excellent and oxidized several function groups oforganic compoundsand the results are compared with Indian.......

Keywords: Cu(III) reagent, antiarrhythmic drugs, standard deviation, percentage recovery.

[1] Kowey PR., et al. Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of prophylactic drug therapy in preventing supraventricular arrhythmia early after coronary artery bypass grafting. The Am j of card 1992, 69, 963-965.

[2] Sanguinetti MC, Martin TF. hERG potassium channels and cardiac arrhythmia. Nat 2006, 440, 463-469.

Abstract: The kinetics of oxidation of propionaldehyde by potassium permanganate in acidic medium and in presence of cationic surfactant, cetyl pyridinium bromide (CPB) has been studied in pseudo first order reaction condition by UV-Visible spectrophotometer. In this paper,the effect of [propionaldehyde], [potassium permanganate], [sulphuric acid], [CPB] and temperature on oxidation of propionaldehydehave been reported. The Rate of reaction increase with increase in concentration of propionaldehyde and acid. Rate of reaction remains almost constantwith increase in concentration of potassium permanganateat pseudo first order conditions.The reaction is first order with respect to oxidant and fractional order with respect to substrate. The effect of surfactant is found to be rate enhancing...............

Keywords: Cetyl pyridinium bromide, kinetic study, KMnO4, propionaldehyde.

[1] Gandhari, R., Maddukuri, P. P. & Vinod, T.,Oxidation of Aromatic Aldehydes Using Oxone. J. Chem. Educ.,2007, 84 (5), 852.
[2] Chauhan, M.,Permanganate Oxidation Mechanism of Alkylarenes. Journal of Applied Chemistry,2014, 7, 16.
[3] Saeed Awn, N. A. A., Farooqui, M. & Farooqui, M.,Kinetic of Permangnetic Oxidation of Thiophene-2-aldehyde in acidic media. Int. J. Chem. Studies,2013, 01, 50.
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[5] Kumar, P., Panday, D. & Kothari, S.,Kinetics and Mechanism of the Oxidation of Aliphatic Aldehydes by Benzimidazolium Dichromate. Croat. Chem. Acta.,2011, 84 (1), 53.

Abstract: Rice husk is an agricultural biomass used to produce low-cost activated carbon using chemical activating reagents. The aim of this study is to find out the surface changes occurring in rice husk during activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) and ammonium hydrogen phosphate (NH4)2HPO4. The surface area and pore volumes of the formed phosphoric acid treated rice husk activated carbon (RHPAC) and ammonium hydrogen phosphate treated rice husk activated carbon (RHAAC) were determined by BET method. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopic analysis identified the presence of carbonyls, alkenes and hydroxyl groups. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the appearance of broad diffraction background revealed predominantly amorphous structure. Amine impregnations.............

Keywords: Rice husk, Activated carbons (AC), CO2 adsorption, TEPA

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[3]. M.S.Shafeeyan, W.M.A.W.Daud.A.Houshmand.A.Shamari, A review on surface modification of activated carbonfor carbon dioxide adsorption. J.Anal.Appl.Pyrolysis89 ,2010,143-151.
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[5]. C.Pevida, M.G.Plaza, B.Arias.J.Fermoso. F.Rubiera, J.J.Pis, Surface modification of activated carbons for CO2capture, Appl. Surf.Sci.,254,2008,7165-7172..

Abstract: Analytical methods comparison for the determination of blood glucose are essential in clinical laboratory practice as it improves the quality of health care through accurate and reliable clinical decision making. This study was done to assess the analytical performance between the Glucose meters and spectrophotometric methods for blood glucosedetermination.The Glucometer method determined glucose by using the Finetest Auto-codingTM Premium(infopia Co., Korea) and was compared with the spectrophotometer( Kenza 240,biolabo france) using paired data of blood samples analysed respectively from208 patients in the hospital.Data analysis was performed using Analyse-it ® Version 4.6..............

Keywords: Spectrophotometer,Bloodglucose,Glucose meter, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia

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Abstract: Main focus of this study is to prepare high surface area activated carbons from rice straw and usage of these carbons as supports for Ag catalysts. The activated carbon UR3 showing highest surface area (1126.4 m2g-1) is used as support for preparing all silver catalysts. The catalysts are prepared in two methods impregnation method and electrochemical deposition method. All these catalysts are subjected to characterization studies such as surface area, XRD, SEM, TPR and activity studies. Catalysts prepared in electro chemical deposition method are showing high activity over the catalysts prepared in impregnation method. It is clearly observed that silver supported..........

Keywords: Coliform, Electro deposition, Impregnation, Rice straw, Surface area

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Abstract: The industrial effluents discharged from textile industries contains largely alkalies, residual dyes, starches cellulose, soluble salts mainly sodium and calcium, silicate, oil and other impurities. The industrial effluent, which is being generated from these fast emerging textile and dying units is generally discharged untreated, in Amanishah drainage or onto ground surface, due to lack of economically viable technologies for its treatment. As a result, there is a deterioration of soil and even of ground water quality and has potentials for contamination of other biophysical resources along the discharged area. In the present study attempt has been made to investigate the physico-chemical propertiesof soil contaminated with the effluents from textile industries. Uncontaminated soil from forest area...........

[1]. Abrol, Vikas, Wali, Pradeep, pareek, Navneet, Mondal, A.K, Jalali, V.K (2003): Edaphic impact of sewage and industrial effluents on soil resources, Indian Journal of Environment Protection 23(7):741-748.
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[5]. Baruah, Debojit (2007):Physico-chemical properties of soil and quantative analysis of a herbaceous community after blowout of an oil well, Nature, Environment and Pollution Technology 6(2): 251-258

Abstract: The aim of this review article is to provide a systematic approach on synthesis and various biological activities associated with thiazolidine derivatives. The thiazolidine derivatives are not only synthetically important but also possess various type of biological activities like antimalarial, anti bacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer etc. Thiazolidine derivatives give better pharmacological activity than standard drugs.1, 3 thiazolidines, 2, 4 dione,4-oxo thiazolidine contains basic skeleton of thiazolidine derivatives.

Keywords: Thiazolidines derivatives, pharmacological activity of thiazolidine derivatives, Schiff base

[1] G. Kucukguzel,A. Kocatepe, E. De Clercq, F. Sahin, and M. Güllüce, Eur. J. Med. Chem (2006) vol. 41 pp 353-359.

[2] N. K. Fuloria, V. Singh, M. Shaharyar, and M. Ali, Asian J. Chem (2008) vol. 20 pp 6457-6462.

[3] N. K. Fuloria, V. Singh, M. Shaharyar, and M. Ali, Asian J. Chem (2008) vol. 20 pp 4891-4900.

[4] G Kucukguzel, E. E. Oruç, S. Rollas, F. Sahin, and A. Ozbek, Eur. J.Med. Chem (2002) vol 37 pp 197-206.

[5] P. Vicini, A.Geronikaki, K. Anastasia, M. Incerti, and F. Zani, Bioorg. Med. Chem (2006) vol. 14 pp 3859-3864.

Abstract: Currently, there is a tendency for oxygenates fuels that can be produced from renewable sources. The widely used renewable fuel extenders are ethanol (100% renewable) and ETBE (47% renewable). The addition of renewable fuels in commercial fuels should be done carefully. The European Standards have modified in order to support the introduction of renewable fuels in commercial fuels. Specifically, the last revision of the Directive EN 228 standard (EN 228:2012) for gasoline resulted in the increase of the oxygen content at 3.7% m/m. In the present work the water tolerance of oxygenated ethanol-ETBE- gasoline blends was investigated. The results showed that the water tolerance was affected by the composition of the gasoline. ETBE is recommended as a co-solvent which enhances..........

Keywords: Gasoline, ETBE, ethanol, refinery blending components, water tolerance

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Fuel, 86(3), 2007, 323-327

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Abstract: A series of Ni catalysts supported on Silica extracted from rice husk are prepared by wet impregnation method with variable Ni content ranging from 5 to 40wt% have been tested for the hydro-cyclization of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone in vapour phase at atmospheric pressure. These catalysts have been characterised by different techniques such as XRD, BET Surface area, Pore size distribution, TPR etc. XRD pattern suggests that the structure of SiO2 is intact even after incorporation of Ni. Pyridine adsorbed IR patterns suggest that the incorporation of Ni creates Lewis acidity which is responsible for the dehydration of 4-hydroxy valeric acid (intermediate) to result γ-valerolactone. Among all the catalysts, 30wt.%Ni-RHSiO2 gave good resultwith 85% yield and almost 91% conversion at 250°C in vapour phase at ambient conditions. This high activity can be attributed to higher number of surface active Ni species and also due to the Lewis acidity created by Ni.

Keywords-Rice Husk, Silica, Nickel, Levulinic acid, Velerolactone

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Abstract: Sonochemistry is a branch of chemistry that involves the use of ultrasound waves to enhance chemical reactions. Ultrasound waves are sound waves with frequencies higher than the audible range of the human ear. When these waves are applied to a liquid, they cause the formation and collapse of tiny bubbles, a phenomenon called cavitation. Cavitation generates localized high pressures and temperatures, which can facilitate chemical reactions, enhance mass transfer, and increase the rate of chemical reactions. Sonochemistry has been applied in various fields of chemistry, including organic synthesis, materials chemistry, and environmental chemistry. It can also be used to degrade pollutants in water and to enhance the extraction of compounds from plant materials. Sonochemistry has several advantages over traditional chemical synthesis methods, including shorter reaction times, higher yields, and milder reaction conditions. Additionally, sonochemistry is considered a greener chemistry method because it reduces the need for harsh chemicals and solvents.

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