iosr-JCE   Volume-19 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2017

Abstract: A cyber attack is any type of offensive man-oeuvre employed by nation-states, individuals, groups, or organizations that targets computer information systems, infrastructures, computer networks, and/or personal computer devices by various means of malicious acts usually originating from an anonymous source that either steals, alters, or destroys a specified target by hacking into a susceptible system. These can be labelled as either a cyber campaign, cyber-warfare or cyber-terrorism in different context. Cyber attacks can range from installing spyware on a PC to attempts to destroy the infrastructure of entire nations. User behaviour analytics and SIEM are used to prevent these attacks. Social platform attacks target websites with large user bases, such as Face book, LinkedIn, Twitter and Instagram..............

Keywords: Cyber attacks, false flag, Social networks.

[1] Communication Networks: Fundamental Concepts and Key Architectures by Alberto Leon-Garcia, Indra Widjaja Published July 16th 2003 by McGraw-Hill Education (first published January 15th 2000)
[2] Computer Networks, 5e (5th Edition) by Andrews Tanenbaum,David J.Wetherall by Pearsons Edition.
[3] Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach by Kurose James F. (Author), Ross Keith W. Pearsons Edition.
[4] Data Communications and Networking by Forouza Indian Edition.
[5] Network Processor Design: Issues and Practices: 1 (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Computer Architecture and Design) by Mark A. Franklin, Patrick Crowley ,Haldun Hadimioglu. Prentice Hall India Learning Private Limited; 5 edition (2006).

Abstract: Database design for data warehouses is based on the notion of the snowflake schema and its important special case, the star schema. The snowflake schema represents a dimensional model which is composed of a central fact table and a set of constituent dimension tables which can be further broken up into sub dimension tables. We formalise the concept of a snowflake schema in terms of an acyclic database schema whose join tree satisfies certain structural properties. We then define a normal form for snowflake schemas which captures its intuitive meaning with respect to a set of functional and inclusion dependencies. We show that snowflake schemas in this normal form are independent as well as separable when the relation schemas are pairing wise incomparable. This implies that relations in the data warehouse can be updated independently of each other as long as referential integrity is maintained. In addition, we show that a data warehouse in snowflake normal form can be queried by joining the relation............

[1] O. Romero, A. Abelló, A survey of multidimensional modeling methodologies, Int. J. Data Warehous. Min. 5 (2009) 1–23.
[2] F. Di Tria, E. Lefons, F. Tangorra, Hybrid methodology for data warehouse conceptual design by UML schemas, Inform. Softw. Technol. 54 (4) (2012) 360–379.
[3] O. Romero, A. Abelló, Automatic validation of requirements to support multidimensional design, Data Knowl. Eng. 69 (2010) 917–942.
[4] F. Di Tria, E. Lefons, F. Tangorra, GrHyMM: a graph-oriented hybrid multidimensional model, in: O. De Troyer, C.B. Medeiros, R. Billen, P. Hallot, A. Simitsis, H. Van Mingroot (Eds.), Proceedings of the ER Workshops, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 6999, 2011, Springer-Verlag Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, pp. 86–97.
[5] J.N. Mazón, J. Trujillo, A hybrid model driven development framework for the multidimensional modeling of data warehouses, SIGMOD Record 38 (2009) 12–17..

Abstract: With the study of nanoscale effects, Nano electromechanical systems (NEMS) present interesting and unique characteristics, which diverges greatly from their predecessor micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS). When MEMS are scaled to submicron dimension[5], NEMS are formed. NEMS are able to preserve very high mechanical responsivity (small force constants); the quality (Q) factors of resonance are remarkly higher than those of electrical resonant cavity (i.e. in range Q = 103 – 105) and acquire tremendously high fundamental frequencies concurrently. These features are responsible for technological applications like signal processing components, actuators and ultrafast sensors...........

[1]. A. Cleland, Foundations of Nanomechanics (Springer, New York, 2003).
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[5]. A.N. Cleland and M.L. Roukes, "Fabrication of high frequency nanometer scale Mechanical resonators from bulk Si substrates", Appl. Phys. Lett., 69, 2653 (1996)..

Abstract: Integrating physics, computer science and mathematics quantum computing has evolved in the last two decades from an imaginative idea to one of the most interesting field of quantum mechanics. Altering the model underlying information and computation from a classical mechanical to a quantum mechanical gives faster algorithms. Quantum algorithm can execute a selective set of tasks widely more effectively than any classical algorithm, but for many tasks, it has proven that quantum algorithms give no actual benefit. The scope of quantum computing applications is still being examined. This research paper gives an overview of quantum computer, explanation of qubit and discusses about the various applications of quantum mechanics to verify the existence of quantum computers............

Keywords: Quantum computer, Qubit, Quantum gates, entanglement, algorithms

[1]. Barenco, D. Deutsch, A. Ekert and R. Jozsa, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 4083 (1995).
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Abstract: The design of paperless office architecture has been provided in this research paper, exploring the underlining benefit of fuzzy logic in attaining linguistic variables and variables thereby providing robustness and handling uncertainties. This architecture has the propensity for cutting down operational cost and hardcopy documentation while handling organizational procedures and processes

Keywords: Paperless office, Fuzzy Logic

[1] Angel C. and Rocio R. (2011), Documentation management with Ant colony optimization Meta-heuristic: A Fuzzy Clustering Approach using trails, retrieved from soft computing in industrial application, Advances in Intelligent and soft computing, Vol.96, 2011.
[2] Christos S. and Dimitros S. (2008), Neural Network, retrieved from http://docstoc.com/doc/15050
[3] Fiserv (2012), Customer Media Kit, Available online from http://www.checkfreecorp.com/cda/cor
[4] Gladwell, M. (2002), "The Social Life of Paper", The New Yorker
[5] Kuang Y.H.; Ting H.C. and Ting-Cheng C. (2011), Determination of the threshold value βof Variables precision rough set by fuzzy algorithms, retrived from http: sciencedirect.com

Abstract: A Hybrid Multi Wavelet Transform (HMWT) based 2D magnetic resonance (MR) image compression method is proposed. The proposed work presents a novel MR image compression method using Parallel Random Band Selection Method and Motion-Selective Rank Algorithm (PRMRB). In the proposed method, 2D multispectral MR image is spectral decorrelated and temporal decorrelated in the first and second stage of intra and inter band correlation. From this process, the main spectral band component for analysis is selected. These components were given to Parallel Random Band Selection Method, where the registration of sequence of band components is done. In this approach, the spectral bands are treated independently, so there will be many sequences as the number of spectral bands............

Keywords: Wavelet Transform, magnetic resonance, spectral, band correlation, motion estimation

[1]. K. Ma et al., "Robust Multi-Exposure Image Fusion: A Structural Patch Decomposition Approach , "IEEE Trans. on Image
Processing, vol. 26, issue 5, pp. 2519 - 2532, 2017.
[2]. S. Jagadeesh and E. Nagabhooshanam, "Energy Interpolated Mapping for Image Compression with Hierarchical Coding, " Indian
Journal of Science and Technology, vol 10 (9), pp- 1-10, 2017.
[3]. Miguel A. Veganzones et al., " Hyperspectral Super-Resolution of Locally Low Rank Images From Complementary Multisource
Data, " IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, vol. 25, no. 1, pp-274-288, 2016.
[4]. S.Jagadeesh, E.Nagabhooshanam, "Scalable Identity Wavelet in Hierarchical Image Codec", IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal
Processing(IOSR-JVSP), Volume 6,Issue 6, Ver.1 (Nov-Dec. 2016), pp 01-12.
[5]. S. Jagadeesh and E. Nagabhooshanam, " Multi Spectral Band Selective Coding for Medical Image Compression, " Global Journal
of Computer Science and Technology: F, Graphics & Vision, vol. 15, issue 3, pp-21-28 2015.

Abstract:The design of a cloud based multi model software product selection and decision support software tool incorporating three Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) models: Weighted Sum Method, ViseKriterijumsaOptimizacija I KompromisnoResenje (VIKOR) in Serbian; meaning Multi Criteria Optimization and Compromise Solution and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) has been presented. Existing systems rely one or a hybrid MCDM model for the evaluation which can produce erroneous results. The proposed software tool considers the ranking results from all three models when making a decision. The DSS tool was implemented using freely available Google Cloud technologies: Sheets, Drive, Sites, for easier collaborative decision...............

Keywords: Decision Support Systems, MCDM, Google Sheets, TOPSIS, VIKOR, WSM.

[1] Abdelhakim, M. N., and Shirmohammadi, S. (2007). A web-based group decision support system for the selection and evaluation of
educational multimedia. Proceedings of the international workshop on Educational multimedia and multimedia education.
Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany 27-36.
[2] Aouadni, S., Rebai, A., and Turskis, Z. (2017). The Meaningful Mixed Data TOPSIS (TOPSIS-MMD) Method and its Application
in Supplier Selection. Studies in Informatics and Control, 26(3), 353-363.
[3] Efe, B. (2016). An integrated fuzzy multi criteria group decision making approach for ERP system selection. Applied Soft
Computing, 3(8), 106-117.
[4] Eldrandaly, K. (2007) GIS software selection: a multi-criteria decision making approach, Applied GIS, 3(5), 1-17
[5] Freitas, F. G. and Souza, J. T., (2011) Applying Mathematical Programming to Efficient Software Release Management.
Optimization in Software Engineering Group250(1), 564–568

Abstract:The core objective of our paper is to compare K means clustering and watershed algorithm using MATLAB tool. The comparison is based on their performance, accuracy, and its geometrical dimension. A Brain tumour is one of the major cause of death in current space. Many researchers and scientist are constantly working from last two decades and proposing, unlike algorithm which can be integrated with biotechnology field for effective results. MRI image plays a predominant role in identifying and extracting the tumour part. It offers better results of various soft tissues as compared to CT scan, X-ray, and Ultrasound. Segmentation of image is a grueling task because of intensities.............

Keywords: Terms: Brain tumour, K means Clustering, Watershed, MRI, pre-processing

[1]. Danyal Maheshwari, Ali Akber Shah," Extraction of Brain Tummour in MRI images using Marker Controlled Watershed
Transform Technique in MATLAB ", Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Volume 2, Issue 4, August 2015
[2]. Yogita sharma and Parminder Kaur, "Detection and Extraction of brain tumour using K-Means Clustering and watershed
Algorithms", International Journal of Computer Science Trends and Technology (IJCST) – Volume 3 Issue 2, Mar-Apr 2015
[3]. Rajesh C. Patil and AS Bhalachandra ,"Brain tumour extraction from MRI images using matlab ", International Journal of
Electronics, Communication & Soft Computing Science and Engineering ISSN: 2277-9477, Volume 2, Issue 1
[4]. Anam Mustaqeem, Ali javed and tehseen Fatima, "An efficient Brain tumour detection Algorithm using watershed and threshold
based segmentation", I.J. Image, Graphics and Signal Processing, 2012, 10, 34-39 Published Online September 2012
[5]. Neha Baraiya and Hardik Modi ,"Comparative Study of Diffferent Methods for Brain Tumour Extraction from MRI Images using
Image Processing", Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9(4), DOI:10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i4/85624, January 2016

Abstract:In spite of the huge advantages got from the selection of cloud computing idea, its famous adoption has been determined usually by security concerns. The broadened assault surface in a cloud environment makes it more defenseless against existing and developing security dangers. Customary information security approaches have been discovered inadequate in abridging these dangers and this obnoxious pattern has required the requirement for an advanced methodsto deal with datasecrecy. This paper proposes an improved
component to guaranteeing information security by utilizing RC6algorithm. we went for utilizing the quality of these techniques to gains a powerful instrument for guaranteeing secrecy and integrity of information in the cloud .The results obtained from proposed system shows that ability to resistance the threats and attacks and able to keep user's data secure and trusted.

Keywords: CloudComputing , Encryption , Cryptography , RC6 algorithm

[1] Zaid Kartit, Mohamed El Marraki, "Applying Encryption Algorithm to Enhance Data Security in Cloud Storage",(Advance online
publication: 17 November 2015) .
[2] LuitInfotech , "What Is Cloud Computing? " also it available on online Website: http:// www.luitinfotech.com .
[3] Gartner , Cloud Computing : Key Initiative Overview , 2010 .
[4] Peter Mell , Timothy Grance " The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing" September , 2011 .
[5] Ronald L. Krutz , Russell Dean Vines , " Cloud Security : A Comprehensive Guide to Secure Cloud Computing" , 2010 .

Abstract:With the development of technology in modern science, the world has become smaller and easier to us. Today, internet is being used not only on personal computers but also on various smart devices. Smart devices can be considered as interactive electronic devices where they connect with other smart devices through a network to share and interact remotely. Internet of Thing is this kind of invention of modern science which is a computing technology provides anetwork of things and people where human and devices with sensor can communicate each other to perform many different tasks of our day to day life.This paper provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT)and its architecture emphasis on well-known problems of IoTandits possible solutions.This paper encountered the discussion of IoT architecture problems and many other challenges including the new malware attack, also proposing some solutions ofscalability, latency, bandwidth, malware attack including RFID and NFC problem.

[1] Source: http://www.rfidjournal.com/articles/view?4986, accessed in 10th May, 2017.
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[3] I. Mashal, O. Alsaryrah, T.-Y. Chung, C.-Z. Yang, W.-H. Kuo, and D. P. Agrawal, ―Choices for interaction with things on Internet
and underlying issues,‖ Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 28, pp. 68–90, 2015.
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International Conference on Advanced Computer Theory and Engineering (ICACTE '10), vol. 5, pp. V5-484–V5-487, IEEE,
Chengdu, China, August 2010.

Abstract:Development ventures are executed in various nations with substantial expenses and a portion of the
undertakings have been moderately or totally ineffective and even confronted with irreversible misfortunes after
development. Perhaps, it is because of complexities identified with ventures or other social-financial wonder. The
current investigation uncovered that worth building can be utilized as a supportive instrument from the earliest
starting point of studies as far as possible of planning, developing, misusing, and keeping up forms and beat
common structures' difficulties and complexities. Worth building is a technique experienced in the board that has a
sorted out methodology. Worth building has a precise and helpful instrument to dissect capacity and frameworks
with the point of accomplishing alluring capacity with the least expenses. This examination has endeavored to
quickly present ideas and official procedure of significant worth building in development ventures. Likewise, the
examination has endeavored to.......

Keywords: Value Engineering; Construction Project; Value Index; Value Analysis; Value Management; Value Methodology

[1] Zhang, Xueqing, Xiaoming Mao, and Simaan M. AbouRizk. "Developing a knowledge management system for improved value
engineering practices in the construction industry." Automation in construction 18, no. 6 (2009): 777-789.
[2] Cheng, Eddie WL, Heng Li, and P. E. D. Love. "Establishment of critical success factors for construction partnering." Journal of
management in engineering 16, no. 2 (2000): 84-92.
[3] Azar, Anthony Doumith, Constantin Militaru, and Claudia Pierre Mattar. "Time, Cost and Quality Management Trilogy and its Impact
on Lebanese Construction Projects Success." In Applied Mechanics and Materials, vol. 834, pp. 217-222. Trans Tech Publications,
2016.
[4] Yin, Huan-wu, Hui-jiang Yang, and Hui-jie Gao. "Research on Cost Management of Real Estate Project Construction Phase Based on
Value Engineering: The Observatory World Project of China State Construction Property Company as an Example." In Proceedings of
the 22nd International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management 2015, pp. 351-360. Atlantis Press, 2016.
[5] Assaf, Sadi, Osama A. Jannadi, and Ahmed Al-Tamimi. "Computerized system for application of value engineering methodology."
Journal of computing in civil Engineering 14, no. 3 (2000): 206-214..

Abstract:An extensive investigation of segmental coating joints can help to ensure a sheltered development
during burrowing and functionally arranges. This paper has completely examined the collaboration component
of precast solid covering joints in burrows. The Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC), a two-dimensional
numerical program dependent on the unmistakable component strategy (DEM) for discontinuum displaying,
was actualized to reenacted a commonplace segmental coating model comprising of six portion rings. In the
examinations, the run of the mill segmental covering plan parameters of Qomrud water movement burrow,
meant to move 100 million cu. m. water from the starting points of Dez River to focal Iranian desert, were
utilized to satisfy the motivation behind the exploration. In the directed examinations, the most dire outcome
imaginable of the stacking......

Keywords: The Universal Distinct Element Code (UDEC); DEM Method; Contact Problem; Longtidunal Joint; Interface; Key Segment.

[1] Blom, C.B.M., "Design Philosophy of Concrete Linings for Tunnels in Soft Soils, Technical university of Delft". 2002.
[2] Ahmet, G, "Evaluation of Structural Analysis Methods Used for the Design of TBM Segmental Linings", Middle East Technical
University, 2010.[3] Hefny ,A.M., "An Investigation into the Behavior of Jointed Tunnel Lining", Nanyang Technological university, 2006.
[4] Zhu.Zheng, R, "Three Dimensional Numerical Modelling of Shield Tunnelling", Hohai University, 2008.
[5] Cavarlo, S.H.P, Blom, C.B.M, Walraven, J.C., "Formation and accumulation of contact deficiencies in a tunnel segmented lining."
Applied Mathematical Modeling, 36 (2012): 4422–4438.

Abstract:These days pozzolans are utilized boundlessly in common undertakings. Pozzolan is a characteristic or
fake material containing dynamic silica that expansion the quality and improves a few properties of cement. In this
study for exploring some significant properties of solid, silica smoke and fly debris was utilized in substitution of
concrete in various loads. Solid creations were made with water-concrete proportion of 0.45 and restored under
similar conditions. The primary focal point of this review is to research the individual and joined impact of
utilizing Pozzolan on mechanical properties, porousness and shrinkage of cement. The mechanical properties of
cement in compressive and twisting quality at the age of 7, 28 and 90 days, were assessed. Penetrability was
explored with the water assimilation test. The drying shrinkage of cement was checked for 90 days. Examining
Electron Microscopy (SEM) pictures was utilized in solid concrete based lattice morphology. The outcomes
indicated that the expansion of pozzolan expands the mechanical quality and decrease penetrability and increment
the drying shrinkage in certain blends.

Keywords: Silica Fume; Fly Ash; Mechanical; Permeability, Compression, SEM..

[1]. Mostafa Jalal, Alireza Pouladkhan, Omid Fasihi Harandi, Davoud Jafari. "Comparative study on effects of Class F fly ash, nano silica
and silica fume on properties of high performance self-compacting concrete". Construction and Building Materials 94 (2015) 90:104.
[2]. Erhan Güneyisi, Mehmet Gesog˘lu, Seda Karaog˘lu, Kasım Mermerdas. "Strength, permeability and shrinkage cracking of silica fume
and metakaolin concretes. Construction and Building Materials 34 (2012) 120:130.
[3]. Navneet Chahal, Rafat Siddique. "Permeation properties of concrete made with fly ash and silica fume:Influence of ureolytic bacteria".
Construction and Building Materials 49 (2013) 161:174.
[4]. David O. Koteng, Chun-Tao Chen. "Strength development of lime–pozzolana pastes with silica fume and fly ash". Construction and
Building Materials 84 (2015) 294:300.
[5]. Chul-Woo Chung, Chang-Seon Shon, Young-Su Kim. "Chloride ion diffusivity of fly ash and silica fume concretes exposed to freeze–
thaw cycles". Construction and Building Materials 24 (2010) 1739:1745.