iosr-JCE   Volume-21 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2019

Abstract: Image Processing is the most intriguing subject of research. This paper introduces the idea of adding a layer of segmentation over image to divide it into meaningful chunks before using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to assist any type of text analysis on the unstructured text data generated after OCR. Usually, all the data from the image is extracted at once using OCR and after that numerous text mining techniques are used to find separate lines, paragraphs, etc. We will examine alternate techniques that will help to lessen the effort on various NLP, NLU and text mining, etc. techniques to extract meaningful data.

Keywords: OCR (Optical Character Recognition), Contour, Grid line, Image dilation, Thresholding

[1]. N.G. Bourbakis, "A methodology of separating images from text using an OCR approach", Proceedings IEEE International Joint Symposia on Intelligence and Systems, 1996.
[2]. Mr. Mandar D. Sontakke, Dr. Mrs. Meghana S. Kulkarni, "Different types of noises in images and noise removing technique", International Journal of Advanced Technology in Engineering and Science, Volume No.03, Issue No. 01, January 2015
[3]. Mande Shen, H. Lei, "Improving OCR performance with background image elimination", Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD) 2015 12th International Conference on IEEE, 2015.
[4]. Arshad Iqbal,Aasim Zafar, "Offline Handwritten Quranic Text Recognition: A Research Perspective", Amity International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AICAI), 2019

Abstract: A different approach to understanding Artificial Intelligence is to examine to solve the problem. At a high level Artificial Intelligence generally considered a subfield of computer science. In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm is a sequence of instructions, typically to solve a class of problems or perform a computation. Algorithms are unambiguous specifications for performing calculations, data processing, automated reasoning, and other tasks. The idea of VBA editor is a very powerful tool to solve this millennium problem by a macro recording in computer science.

Keywords: Millennium Problem, Nyaysangat Foundation, Artificial Intelligence, AI, VBA, Boolean algebra, Computer Theory. P v NP

[1]. Internet and Home networking, Prof. J. Won – ki – Hong
[2]. Artificial Intelligence Overview, Harry Surden.
[3]. VBA – A Macro Recording, A experimental book with patented formula available on amazon.
[4]. Counter Examples to Riemann Hypothesis, Ekta Singh, Director , Nyaysangat Foundation, published in IOSR Journal of Mathematics, e –ISSN: 2278 -5728, p-ISSN 2319 – 765x, Volume 15, Issue 5, Series III (Sep – Oct 2019)
[5]. Clay Mathematics Millenium Problem

Abstract: It is obvious that each kind of writing is done based on its interest or it's importance. So based on my interest I chose and have researched the puzzle in verses of Khushal Khan Khattak.No work hasbeen done regarding to puzzlesin poems of Khushal Khan Khattak, so it is important that it be researched and analyzed. This article is focused on Khushal Khan Khattak's puzzle and kinds of puzzles. My objective was to researchthe puzzlesinKhushal Khan Khattakpoems. My question was that "Are there puzzles in Khushal Khan Khattak'spoems or not?"The method that I have used is a discussion and analysis qualitative research. The findings are something that others haven't mentioned about it yet.I have found that there are many puzzles and secrets in Khushal Khan Khattak's poems. In addition, writing of this article empoweredmy analysis and showedme howthe puzzlesused beautifully in poems.

Keywords: based onAbjad accounting, Khushal Khan Khattak'spuzzlesanalysis, the form of change and heart puzzles, the Puzzle as change and diacritical form,- Puzzle as heart and scrap

[1]. Angar, Mujibur- Rahman.(1385). Khoshhal Khan Khattakghorchian. Kabul. Danish Research Association
[2]. Pinahan. Fazel Mohammad. (1383). AdabiArmghan .Qandahar.Historical research association
[3]. SnaGhaznawei . Mohammad Akbar. ( 1382). GulstanLtafat. Kabul. Maiwand press
[4]. Shirzad. Mohammad Aqa. (1394). Adabiphnun (Badi Bayan).Kabul .Shoaib press
[5]. Shirzad. Mohammad Aqa. (1384).). Adabiphnun (Badi Bayan)). Kabul .Shoaib press

Abstract:One of the critical issues affecting the lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSN) is Energy consumption. Most of the energy of sensor nodes is spend for the redundant data transmission. Hence, in order to reduce the energy utilization, redundant data must be eliminated and the data aggregation approach has to be applied before transmitting to the base station. In this paper we have proposed a hierarchical approach for eliminating data redundancy in the view of extending the work in the future Internet of Things. The simulation result demonstrates that the proposed technique is efficient while comparing with the existing methods..

Keywords: Wireless Sensor Networks, Data redundancy, Data aggregation, Hierarchical approach, Internet of Things

[1] White paper: http://www.iec.ch/whitepaper/pdf/iecWP-internetofthings-LR-en.pdf; July 31, 2014.
[2] M. A. Razzaque, M. Milojevic, A. Palade, and S. Clarke, "Middleware for Internet of Things: A Survey", IEEE Internet of Things Journal, VOL. 3, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2016, pp no 70-96
[3] SarikaYadav and Rama Shankar Yadav . "A Review on Energy Efficient Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks", Wireless Networks, Springer, 22(1) (2016) pp. 335-350.
[4] E. Fasolo, M. Rossi, J. Widmer and M. Zorzi. "In-network Aggregation Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey," IEEE Wireless Communications, 14(2) (2007) pp. 70-87.
[5] I. Qurat-ul-Ain Tariq, Saneeha Ahmed and Huma Zia. "An Objective based Classification of Aggregation Techniques for Wireless Sensor Networks" Springer International Multi Topic Conference, IMTIC, 2012.

Abstract: Gray level co-occurrence matrix has proven to be a powerful basis for use in texture classification. Various textural parameters calculated from the gray level co-occurrence matrix help understand the details about the overall image content. The aim of this research is to investigate the use of the gray level co-occurrence matrix technique as an absolute image quality metric. The underlying hypothesis is that image quality can be determined by a comparative process in which a sequence of images.....

[1]. Qiu, "Color Image Indexing Using BTC", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Volume 12, Number 1, pp.93-101, January 2003.
[2]. J. S. Baba, J.R. Chung, A. H. De Laughter, B. D. Cameron, and G. L. Cot ́e, "Development and calibration of an automated Mueller matrix polarization imaging system," Journal of Biomedical Optics, vol.7, 2002.
[3]. R.M. Haralick, "Statistical and Structural Approaches to Texture," Proc. IEEE, vol. 67,no. 5, 1979, pp. 786804.
[4]. Ranjanparekh," Using Texture Analysis for Medical Diagnosis," Jadavpur University, India,1070-986x/12,published by IEEE computer society,vol. 177,May 2011.
[5]. A. Green, N. Martin, G. McKenzie, J. Pfitzner, F. Quintarelli, B. Thomas, M. O ‟Rourke, and N. Knight, "Computer image analysis of pigmented skin lesions," Melanoma Res.,vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 231–236, Dec. 1991.

Abstract: Purpose: This study has examined the effect of positive therapy on the level of stress among infertile women. Methods: This quasi experimental one group pre-test post-test Research study conducted in selected infertility clinics in Meerut. An instrument was developed by the investigator based on previous knowledge literature consisting of two sections: Demographic Variables and modifiedFertilityProblemInventory to assess the level of stress among infertile women. Result: Thirty women completed the study, Conclusion: Thepositive therapy affected positively women's reduce stress.

[1]. World Health Organization. Female infertility. Techn Report series. 1998:401.
[2]. Frank O. Worldwide infertility: Estimation and implications. Population development review. 1993;9:137-44.
[3]. Dutta DC. Textbook of Gynaecology. 5 th Edition. 2009:220.
[4]. Ehsanpour et al. (2009), The relation between social support and stress in treatment of infertility in infertile couplesreferredtoinfertilitycentersofIsfahan in 2007, IJNMR/Spring; Vol 14, No 2, pp51-55.
[5]. Greil AL, Slauson-Blevins and McQuillan J. The experience of infertility: A review of recent literature. Socio lHealth Ill2010;32:140-162
[6]. Griel A.L. (2004) "Infertility and Psychological distress; a critical review of literature", Social Science and Medicine, 45, 11,1679-70.

Abstract: In this paper, without assuming the boundedness, monotonicity and differentiability of the activation functions, we present new conditions ensuring existence, uniqueness, and global asymptotical stability of the equilibrium point of bidirectional associative memory neural networks with fuzzy logic and time delays. The results are applicable to both symmetric and nonsymmetric interconnection matrices, and all continuous non-monotonic neuron activation functions. Since the criterion is independent of the delays and simplifies the calculation, it is easy to test the conditions of the criterion in practice. An example is given to demonstrate the feasibility of the criterion.

Keywords - bidirectional associative memory, neural networks, global asymptotic stability, fuzzy logic, time delays

[1]. J. Hopfield. Neuron with graded response have collective computational properties like those of two-state neurons. Proc NatlAcad Sci USA 1984, 81:3088-92.
[2]. B. Kosko. Aadaptive bi-directional associative memories. Appl. Opt., 1987, 26: 4947-4960.
[3]. Lisha Wang, Xiaohua Ding, Mingzhu Li. Global asymptotic stability of a class of generalized BAM neural networks with reaction-diffusion terms and mixed time delays Neurocomputing,2018,321: 251-265.
[4]. H. Zhao. Exponential stability and periodic oscillatory of bi-directional associative memory neural network involving delays Neurocomputing, 2006, 69: 424-448.
[5]. Yong Zhao, Jürgen Kurths Lixia Duan. Input-to-state stability analysis for memristive BAM neural networks with variable time delays PhysicsLettersA,2019,383(11):1143-1150.

Abstract: These days a Database security has become a significant issue in specialized world. The fundamental goal of database security is to prohibit pointless data presentation and adjustment information while guaranteeing the accessibility of the required administrations. A number of security techniques have been made for ensuring the databases. Numerous security models have been created dependent on various security parts of database. These security strategies are valuable just when the database the board framework is planned and producing for ensuring the database. As of late the development of web application with database at its backend Secure Database, the executives Framework is more fundamental than just a Protected Database.

Keywords -Database, Security, Techniques, Threats, Integrity

[1]. Kumar et al Managing Cyber threats: Issues, Approaches and Challenges Springer Publishers, 2005.
[2]. S. Singh, Database systems: Concepts, Design and applications New Delhi: Pearson Education India, 2009.
[3]. S. Sumanthi, Fundamentals of relational database management systems Berlin: Springer, 2007.
[4]. P, Singh Database management system concept V.K (India) Enterprises, 2009
[5]. A. Basta, and M. Zgola, Database security Cengage Learning, 2011..

Abstract:This exploration paper talks about the adjustment in the usefulness and quality attributes of Self Compacting
Concrete (SCC) because of expansion of fly-debris and utilization of un-squashed Coarse Aggregate (CA). Lab
based exploratory work was done by getting ready 12 SCC blends among which six blends contained squashed
total and other six blends contained un-squashed coarse total. A sum of 550 kg/m3 cover content and fixed
Water-Binder (W/B) proportion as 0.35 were utilized. Two blends were constrained by utilizing Portland
Cement (PC) and other ten blends contained PC and Fly Ash (FA). Droop stream time, droop stream distance
across and J-ring tallness tests were led to contemplate the new properties of SCC. Besides, compressive quality
was determined at 7, 14 and 28 days of restoring. The results demonstrated that the droop stream time, droop
stream breadth and J-Ring stature.......

Keywords: Self-Compacting Concrete; SCC; Fly Ash; Un-crushed Coarse Aggregates; Fresh Properties; Compressive Strength

[1]. Memon, Noor Ahmed, Muneeb Ayoub Memon, Nawab Ali Lakho, Fareed Ahmed Memon, Manthar Ali Keerio, and Ammaar Noor
Memon. "A review on self-compacting concrete with cementitious materials and fibers." Engineering, Technology & Applied
Science Research 8, no. 3 (2018): 2969-2974.
[2]. Gholhaki, Majid, Ali kheyroddin, Mohammad Hajforoush, and Mostafa Kazemi. "An Investigation on the Fresh and Hardened
Properties of Self-Compacting Concrete Incorporating Magnetic Water with Various Pozzolanic Materials." Construction and
[3]. Building Materials 158 (January 2018): 173–180. doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.135.
[4]. El Mir, Abdulkader, and Salem G. Nehme. "Utilization of Industrial Waste Perlite Powder in Self-Compacting Concrete."
[5]. Journal of Cleaner Production 156 (July 2017): 507–517. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.103...

Abstract:Delicate processing is one of the most effective devices for breaking down hazard taking in structural designing
ventures. Along these lines, in this paper, utilizing Fuzzy C-implies (FCM) procedure as one of the most
productive and significant order strategies in the zone of delicate processing, chance in the burrowing venture
was assessed and broke down. Hence, considering three mechanical and physical parameters affecting the
structure and execution of the burrowing venture including overburden (H), inward erosion edge ( ) and union
(C), land units were characterized along the undertaking's course. The current examination has been led on the
third segment of Ghomrud burrow as one of the best burrowing ventures in the focal point of Iran. Results
acquired from the assessment of land units along the burrowing undertaking's course after the approval of
penetrating rate record's outcomes show the fitting assessment of the venture's hazard through fluffy bunching
method.

Keywords: Soft Computing; Risk Analysis; Tunneling Project; Fuzzy C-Means Technique; Drilling Rate Index
(DRI); Geological Units.

[1]. Bouzon, Marina, Kannan Govindan, Carlos M. Taboada Rodriguez, and Lucila MS Campos. "Identification and analysis of reverse
logistics barriers using fuzzy Delphi method and AHP." Resources, Conservation and Recycling 108 (2016): 182-197.
[2]. Sabzi, Hamed Zamani, Delbert Humberson, Shalamu Abudu, and James Phillip King. "Optimization of adaptive fuzzy logic
controller using novel combined evolutionary algorithms, and its application in Diez Lagos flood controlling system, Southern New
Mexico." Expert Systems with Applications 43 (2016): 154-164.
[3]. Kuo, R. J., C. H. Mei, F. E. Zulvia, and C. Y. Tsai. "An application of a metaheuristic algorithm-based clustering ensemble method
to APP customer segmentation." Neurocomputing 205 (2016): 116-129.
[4]. Zhou, Yongquan, Qifang Luo, Jian Xie, and Hongqing Zheng. "A Hybrid Bat Algorithm with Path Relinking for the Capacitated
Vehicle Routing Problem." In Metaheuristics and Optimization in Civil Engineering, pp. 255-276. Springer International
Publishing, 2016.
[5]. Fekrmandi, Hadi, Muhammet Unal, Sebastian Rojas Neva, Ibrahim Nur Tansel, and Dwayne McDaniel. "A novel approach for
classification of loads on plate structures using artificial neural networks." Measurement 82 (2016): 37-45.

Abstract:The expansion of exhausted passages in the whole world has brought up the issue how to plan the passage
structure in a productive manner. This paper proposes a numerical way to deal with the Hyperstatic Reaction
Method (HRM) for investigating perpetual passage linings. The lasting passage lining is known as principle
structure of passage support during the time. The HRM is one of the examination strategies for burrow lining in
long haul. In this paper, two dimensional numerical displaying is performed by considering hyperstatic
response ideas. Stacking is done after the computation of long haul loads, and ground response is recreated by
springs. Structuring is accomplished for Manjil-Rudabar expressway venture, Tunnel No. 2. The numerical
examinations were performed.....

Keywords: Hyperstatic Method; Tunnel Lining; Numerical Modeling; Static Analysis; Dynamic Analysis

[1]. Limkatanyu, S., Kuntiyawichai, K., Spacone, E., Kwon, M.H. "Nonlinear winkler -based beam element with improved
displacement shape functions". KSCE J. Civil Eng. 17(1), 192–201, 2013.
[2]. Do, N.A., Dias, D., Oreste, P., Djeran-Maigre, I. "The behavior of the segmental tunnel lining studied by the hyperstatic reaction
method". Eur. J. Environmental Civil Eng. 18(4), 489–510, 2014.
[3]. Barpi, F., Barbero, M., Peila, D. Numerical modelling of ground tunnel support interaction using bedded-beam-spring model with
Fuzzy parameters. Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi 27, 71–87, 2011.
[4]. Orestre, P. "A numerical approach to the hyperstatic reaction method for the dimensioning of tunnel support". Tunnelling and
Underground Space Technology. 22(2), 185–205, 2007.
[5]. Oreste, P. "A probabilistic design approach for tunnel supports", Computers and Geotechnics 32, 520–534, 2005.