iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2020

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of thyroid cancers across Africa is increasing with emerging new histological variants. Involvement of the airway by the disease poses a great challenge to the managing surgeons. OBJECTIVES: To report on the clinic-pathological profile of thyroid cancers and challenges of airway management. METHODOLOGY: This is a 10-year retrospective review of 196 histologically diagnosed cases of Thyroid cancers managed at the University College Hospital (UCH) Ibadan, Nigeria. The clinical information obtained from the Cancer Registry and patients' medical records of the hospital included Age, Sex, clinical presentation, histological diagnosis and airway management. Data was collated and analysed using SPSS version 20......

Keyword: Thyroid cancer, histological variants, airway, laryngoscopy

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Abstract: Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of adhesive and self-adhesive resin cements on fracture resistance of lithium disilicate restorations. Materials and methods: Eighty intact human maxillary premolars were prepared and divided into four groups (n=200) according to type of restoration and type of resin cement; adhesive and self adhesive resin cements. The restorations were subjected to thermocycling (10000 cycle between 5 ℃ and 55 ℃). Fracture load (N) was applied to all specimens under static compressive load. The results were tabulated and statistical analysis was done with t student test, one way ANOVAmethod.(P = .05). Results: t student test showed there was no statistical significant difference between means fracture resistance of test groups with different resin cements (P=.978)....

Key Words: Resin cement, CAD/CAM, Fracture resistance, lithium disilicate.

[1]. Hill EE. Dental cements for definitive luting: A review and practical clinical considerations. Dent Clin North Am. 2007;51:643-658.
[2]. Hill EE, Lott J. A clinically focused discussion of luting materials. Aust Den J. 2011;56:67-76.
[3]. Grzegorz S, Agata S, Kinga B. Dental resin cements-The influence of water sorption on contraction stress changes and hydroscopic expansion. Materials (Basel). 2018;11:973.
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[5]. Johansson C, Kmet G, Rivera J, et al. Fracture strength of monolithic all-ceramic crowns made of high translucent yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconium dioxide compared to porcelain-veneered crowns and lithium disilicate crowns. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. 2014;72:145-153..

Abstract: Preeclampsia is a challenging disease of human pregnancy that affects the mother and her foetus. It is a common obstetric syndrome of undefined aetiology affecting 7–10% of pregnant women. This study aimed to investigate the serum levels of Malondialadehyde (MDA) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), Uric acid in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women.The present study showed increased levels of serum malondialdehyde, and uric acid and decreased glutathione peroxidase in preeclamptic women compared to normotensive women. Malondialdehyde is an oxidant, uric acid is a marker of renal compromise in preeclampsia and glutathione peroxidase is an antioxidant. As the sample size in the present study is less, larger studies are needed to establish the role of oxidants and antioxidants in preeclampsia.

Key Words: Serum levels, Maondialdehyde, Glutathione peroxidase, uric acid, Preeclampsia and normotensive pregnancy.

[1]. Gary CF, Levena KJ, Bloom SL, Hauth JC et al, (2005). Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy In: Williams obstetrics. 22nd edition,New York; McGraw Hill,761-808
[2]. Serdar Z, Gür E, Colakoethullarý M, DevelioethluO,SarandölE(2003).Lipidandproteinoxidation and antioxidantfunction in women with mild and severepre -eclampsia.ArchGynecol Obstet. 268(1):19-25.
[3]. Kashinakunti SV, Sunitha H, Gurupadappa DS, Shankarprasad, Suryaprakash G, InginJB (2010). Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in Preeclampsia. Al Ameen, Journal of Medical Sciences 3 (1):38-41
[4]. Verónica M Chamy, Jaime Lepe, Álvaro Catalán, David Retamal, Jorge A Escobar,Eva M Madrid (2006). Oxidative stress is closely related to clinical severity of pre-eclampsia. Biol Res 39: 229-236, 2006 [5]. Shikha Saxena, Prem Chandra Srivastava, K.V.Thimmaraju, Biswajit Das, Ayaz K Mallick 2014. Study of Serum Malondialdehyde and uric acid in Pregnancy Induced Hypertension and its medicolegal significance. J Indian Acad Forensic Med., volume 36, number 1, 55-60

Abstract: Background: Fine needle aspiration (FNA) plays an essential role in the evaluation of the Euthyroid patient with a thyroid nodule, it reduces unnecessary surgery for patients with benign nodules and appropriately triages patients with malignant nodules for timely clinical intervention. The present "The Bethesda System of Reporting" divides the Thyroid Cytological smears under 6 categories. These are helpful to the prognosis. Materials and methods: A prospective fine needle aspiration study of thyroid lesions by using The Bethesda system of Reporting for Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) was done in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Ongole, from July'2018 to June'2020. Results: Present study shows lesions distribution according to TBSRTC, Inadequate and with cystic lesions -10.0%, benign -70.88%, Atypia of Undetermined Significance /Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance- 0.29%, Follicular Neoplasm /Suspicious for a Follicular Neoplasm 15.30%, Suspicious for Malignancy -0.88%, and malignant 2.65%.....

Key Words: The Bethesda system of Thyroid Cytopathology, Fine-needle aspiration cytology.

[1]. Martin HE, Ellis B. Aspiration biopsy. Surg Gynaecol Obstet 1934; 59: 578-89.
[2]. Das DK. Fine-needle aspiration cytology: its origin, development, and present status with special reference to a developing country, India. Diagn Cytopathol 2003; 28: 345-51.
[3]. Gupta SK, Dutta TK, Aikat M, Gupta BD, Talwar BL, Aikat BK. Evaluation of fine needle aspiration biopsy technique in the diagnosis of tumours. Indian J Cancer 1975; 12: 257-67.
[4]. Singh P, Khanna SD, Manchanda RL. Needle biopsy of thyroid. Arch Surg 1965; 91: 646-51. 12
[5]. Baloch ZW, LiVolsi VA, Asa SL, Rosai J, Merino MJ, Randolph G, et al. Diagnostic terminology and morphologic criteria for cytologic diagnosis of thyroid lesions: A synopsis of the National Cancer Institute thyroid fine‑needle aspiration state of the science conference. Diagn Cytopathol 2008;36: 425‑37.

Abstract: Introduction. Distal radius fractures are one of the most common injuries which come to the orthopaedic surgeons. Displaced extra-or intra-articular fractures require anatomical reduction for a good outcome. Historically, these fractures were treated with manipulation and casting, with or without Kirschner (K) wire fixation. Modern plating techniques have been advocated to restore anatomical alignment and allow early mobilisation. Despite the wide variety of treatment options available there is still debate about the best way to treat these fractures. Purpose: A study evaluating the clinical and functional outcome of open reduction and internal fixation with volar plating in Volar Barton's fracture of distal radius....

Key Words: Volar Barton's fracture, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), volar plating, distal radius, DASH score

[1]. Pouge DJ, Vegus SF et al. Effect of distal radius malunion on wrist joint mechanism. J Hand Surg. Am. 1990; 15:721-727.
[2]. Xavier CR, Dal Molin DC, Dos Santos RM, Dos Santos RD, Neto JC. Surgical Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures with a Volar Locked Plate: Correlation of Clinical and Radiographic Results. Rev Bras Ortop. 2011; 46(5):505-13.[3]. Trumble TE, Schmitt SR, Vedder NB. Factors affecting functional outcome of displaced intraarticular distal radius fractures. J Hand Surg Am. 1994; 19(2):325-40.
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Abstract: Introduction: In the ocular surface there is a well- coordinated system of enzymes that can produce urea independent of external urea supply. Urea locally formed from ocular tissues is important for the composition of the tear fluid. In eyes with dry syndromes this production is affected. Estimation of urea levels in the lacrimal fluid may prompt a newer treatment for dry eyes utilising urea. This study was done to evaluate the correlation between serum urea levels and pathophysiology of dry eye syndromes. Materials and methods: A prospective, observational, single-centre study. 50 patients of dry eye disease were included in the subjects and 50 controls were included in the study based.....

Key Words: Dry Eyes, Schirmer test, Serum Urea, blood urea.

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Abstract: The increasing reports on multidrug resistant Escherichia coli have become a potential threat to global health. Here, we present a Retrospective study to characterize Extended Spectrum β-lactamase and AmpC β-lactamase in Gram negative organisms isolated from different human clinical samples. Methods: A total of 576 Gram negative bacterial isolates were collected and subjected to standard microbiological techniques, which were further subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion and confirmed by double disk diffusion method. Results: Out of 576 Gram negative bacterial isolates collected, we found Amp C [By Double disc confirmation test] 343(59.54%) was....

Key Words: AmpC β-Lactamase, KPC, Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase

[1]. Gniadkowski M. Evolution and epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and ESBL-producing microorganisms. Clin Microbiol Infect 2001; 7:597-608.
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Abstract: Introduction- Protrusion of intra-abdominal contents through weak point of abdominal wall muscle forms ventral hernia. Most common cause of ventral hernia is previous surgical incisions (Laparotomy incision) which accounts for 3 to 20%. Objective- To study the short term post-operative complications following repair of Ventral hernia using two different types of suture materials among obese and non-obese patients. Materials and methods - A Prospective Randomized, comparative study is designed with the patients who met inclusion criteria. 40 patients are selected out of which 20 are obese and 20 are non-obese and are further divided into two groups such as obese and non-obese....

[1]. Shell IV DH, De La Torre J, Andrades P, Vasconez LO. Open repair of ventral incisional hernias. Surgical Clinics of North America. 2008 Feb 1;88(1):61-83.
[2]. Henriksen NA. Systemic and local collagen turnover in hernia patients. Dan Med J. 2016 Jul 1; 63(7):B5265.
[3]. Rana KV, Singh G, Deshpande NA, Bharathan VK, Sridharan S. Postoperative complications of mesh hernioplasty for incisional hernia repair and factors affecting the occurrence of complications. Medical Journal of Dr. DY Patil University. 2013 Jan 1;6(1):25.
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[5]. Botma, G.J., 2006. Sinergie as politiek-ekonomiese strategie in die balansering van idealisme en markgerigtheid by Die Burger Wes-Kaap, 2004-2005 (Doctoral dissertation, Stellenbosch: University of Stellenbosch)'

Abstract: Background: The American Psychological Association (A.P.A.) defines "aggression" as "behaviour aimed at harming others physically or psychologically".Various types of aggression have been described, with "affective aggression" being most commonly encountered by psychiatric professionals. Patients suffering from psychiatric-disorders are inevitably thought to be aggressive in popular culture. However, most psychiatric patients are not aggressive. Nonetheless, epidemiological evidence points to an increased risk of aggression among individuals with a psychiatric-disorder, compared with the general population. This study was conducted with the intent to assess prevalence of aggression amongst psychiatric-patients attending a general hospital psychiatric unit of a tertiary-care hospital.....

Key Words: Aggression, Psychiatric, Disorders

[1]. Mad Tales from Bollywood: Portrayal of Mental Illness in Conventional Hindi Cinema, Dinesh Bhugra, Psychology Press, 2006.
[2]. Rueve ME, Welton RS. Violence and mental illness. Psychiatry (Edgmont). 2008;5(5):34-48.
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Abstract: RESUME : Le ganglion sentinelle est le premier ganglion drainant le territoire de la tumeur. La lymphoscintigraphieest actuellement la technique de référence pour le repérer.La technique chirurgicale pour l'exérèse de ce ganglionnécessite un apprentissage. L'anatomopathologie fait appel à des techniques d'histologie standard et d'immunohistochimie. Le but de cet examen est de rechercher des micrométastases qui signent l'envahissement ganglionnaire. Si le ganglion sentinelle est sain, les autres ganglions sont sains et le curage ganglionnaire, dont la morbidité n'est pas négligeable, est inutile......

Key Words: Mélanome ; Ganglion sentinelle ; Lymphoscintigraphie ; Curage ganglionnaire

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