iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2024

Abstract: Background: Performing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) in an emergency situation is a routine procedure in gastroenterology. It allows the diagnosis and treatment of case of upper GI emergency. The patient's prognosis is generally at stake, so it must be performed within the recommended time frame and under good conditions, by a trained team using adequate equipment. It can present major challenges for a tertiary service located in a regional hospital center. This article raises the current challenges faced as a tertiary service located........

[1] CA De La Société Françise d'Endoscopie Digestive (SFED), Lesur G, Vedrenne B, Heresbach D, Arpurt J-P And Laugier R 2009 Consensus En Endoscopie Digestive (CED): Matériels Et Conditions Pour L'endoscopie En Urgence Acta Endosc 39 468–73
[2] Yahya H, Umar H, Shekari B T And Sani K 2022 Endoscopy For Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding In A Tertiary Hospital In Kaduna, North-West Nigeria: Experience And Findings Ann Afr Med 21 262–8
[3] Elmekkaoui A, Touyar A, Mellouki I, Aqodad N, El Abkari M, Benajah D And Ibrahimi A 2009 Les Hémorragies Digestives Hautes Au CHU De Fès : Etude Epidémiologique Revue d'Épidémiologie Et De Santé Publique 57 S26
[4] Anon These54-18.Pdf[5] Anon These54-18.Pdf

Abstract: Background-The medical profession at Bhopal faced a war like situation in the early hours of third December 1984. The toxic effects of the gas also resulted in considerable morbidity with more than five lakh registered survivors of the tragedy. The Bhopal gas victims are therefore prone to biological, social and psychological problems. Aim-This study aims to study the prevalence of missing teeth, attrition of teeth and dentofacial deformities, requiring prosthetic intervention, in Bhopal gas victims. Also aims to uncover the oral health status of Bhopal gas victims thereby provocating efforts to help government to design newer and effective policies for helping the survivors......

[1] Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research. Report On Scientific Studies On The Factors Related To Bhopal Toxic Gas Leakage. December, 1985; Pp 41-90
[2] Vijayan, V. K. "Bhopal Gas Disaster." Lung India 14.4 (1996): 153-160
[3] Sriramachari S. The Bhopal Gas Tragedy: An Environmental Disaster. Curr Sci 2004; 86: 905-20.
[4] Mishra Pk, Samarth Rm, Pathak N, Jain Sk, Banerjee S, Maudar Kk Et Al., Bhopal Gas Tragedy: Review Of Clinical And Experimental Findings After 25 Years. Int J Occu Med Environ Health 2009; 22(3): 193-202.
[5] Indian Council Of Medical Research, Health Effects Of Bhopal Gas Tragedy. April 1986; Pp1-16.

Abstract: Background: Thyroid surgery in an experienced hand is relatively safe, however, not free from complications. Considering very limited comprehensive scientific reports, the study was designed to evaluate the pattern of early post-operative complications and their initial outcome. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Department of ENT & Head Neck Surgery at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, from January 2019 to December 2019. Total 100 patients who underwent thyroid surgery were......

Keywords: Outcome, Early Complications, Thyroid Surgery

[1] Kuriloff, Db & Sanborn, K V. 2004, 'Rapid Intraoperative Localization Of Parathyroid Glands Utilizing G Methylene Blue Infusion', Otolaryngology - Head And Neck Surgery, Vol. 131, No. 5, Pp. 616-622.
[2] Stalberg, P, Delbridge, L, Van Heerden, J & Barraclough, B 2007, 'Minimally Invasive Parathyroidectomy And Thyroidectomy - Current Concepts', Surgeon. Royal College Of Surgeons Of Edinburgh And Royal College Of Surgeons In Ireland, Vol. 5, No. 5, Pp. 301-308.
[3] Reeve, T & Thompson, Nw 2000, 'Complications Of Thyroid Surgery: How To Avoid Them, How To Manage Them, And Observations On Their Possible Effect On The Whole Patient', World Journal Of Surgery, Vol. 24, No. 8, Pp. 971-975.
[4] Erbil, Y. Barbaros, U, Işsever, H, Borucu, I, Salmasliolu, A, Mete, Ö, Bozbora, A & Özarma An, S 2007, 'Predictive Factors For Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Palsy And Hypoparathyroidism After Thyroid Surgery', Clinical Otolaryngology, Vol. 32, No. 1, Pp. 32-37
[5] Gonçalves Filho, J & Kowalski, Lp 2005, 'Surgical Complications After Thyroid Surgery Performed In A Cancer Hospital', Otolaryngology - Head And Neck Surgery, Vol. 132, No. 3, Pp. 490-494..

Abstract: Background: a combination of uterine and umbilical artery doppler velocimetry has shown promise but the results of previous studies have not been conclusive. Objective: determine the predictive value of combination of uterine and umbilical artery doppler velocimetry for pre-eclampsia prediction. Methods: a cohort study among 100 antenatal attendees. The peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, resistivity index, pulsatility index and systolic/diastolic ratio of the uterine and umbilical arteries were studied at 18-20 weeks and 36-37 weeks........

Key Words: pre-eclampsia, uterine artery, umbilical artery, doppler.

[1] Lim K. Pre-Eclampsia. Www.Emedicine.Medscape.Com/Article/1476919-Overview. 29th November, 2018. Accessed 17th December, 2020
[2] Osungbade KO, Ige OK. Public Health Perspectives Of Pre-Eclampsia In Developing Countries: Implication For Health Systems Strengthening. J Pregnancy. 2011; 2011:481095.Doi:10.1155/2011/481095.
[3] Uzan J, Carbonnel M, Piconne O, Asmar R, Ayoubi JM. Pre-Eclampsia: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis And Management. Vasc Health Risk MANAG. 2011; 7(2): 467-74.
[4] Tasneem S, Nnaji A, Ozdal MA. Causes Of Maternal Mortality In Nigeria: A Systematic Review. Int J Health Manag. 2019; 4(3): 200-210.
[5] Okafor UV, Ezegwui HU. Caesarean Delivery In Pre-Eclampsia And Seasonal Variation In A Tropical Rainforest Belt. J Postgrad Med. 2010; 56(1): 21-3.

Abstract: Sleep is a fundamental physiological process essential for overall health and well-being. The regulation of the sleep-wake cycle involves intricate interactions between endogenous biological rhythms and environmental cues. Melatonin, a hormone synthesized and released primarily by the pineal gland, plays a critical role in orchestrating the timing and quality of sleep. Its secretion is tightly regulated by the circadian system, with levels peaking during the night and declining during the day. Clinical studies have demonstrated that exogenous melatonin....

Keywords: Sleep, Melatonin, Circadian system, Sleep disorder

[1] Buijs Rm, Van Eden Cg, Goncharuk Vd, Kalsbeek A. The Biological Clock Tunes The Organs Of The Body: Timing By Hormones And The Autonomic Nervous System. J Endocrinol 2003; 177 (1): 17- 26.
[2] Saper Cb, Scammell Te, Lu J (2005). Hypothalamic Regulation Of Sleep And Circadian Rhythms. Nature 437: 1257–1263
[3] Sleep And Melatonin Mehmet Özsan, 1st International Conference On Modern And Advanced Research , July 29-31, 2023, Turkey
[4] Geoffroy Pa, Etain B, Franchi Ja, Et Al. Melatonin And Melatonin Agonists As Adjunctive Treatments In Bipolar Disorders. Curr Pharm Des. 2015;21:3352–3358.
[5] Xie Z, Chen F, Li Wa, Geng X, Li C, Meng X, Et Al. A Review Of Sleep Disorders And Melatonin. Neurol Res. 2017;39:559—65.

Abstract: Adolescents and children frequently suffer trauma to the anterior dentition and the supporting tissues. In dental practice, it might be difficult to address severe crown fractures as well as traumatic dental injuries. Depending on the location, severity, and extent of the fracture, a variety of treatment options are available for severe crown fractures. This case report illustrates a scenario of the successful multidisciplinary management of complex crown fracture of maxillary incisors requiring fragment reattachment, pulpotomy, surgical intrusion and semi-rigid splinting, followed by......

Keywords: complicated fracture, crown root fracture, reattachment

[1] Andreasen, J.O., 1972. Traumatic Injuries Of The Teeth. Munksgard. Copenhagen, Pp.151-95
[2] Andreasen, J.O., 1993. Textbook And Color Atlas Of Traumatic Injuries To The Teeth. Munksgard. Copenhagen, 155, Pp.172-173.
[3] Wang Z, Heffernan M, Vann Wf Jr. Management Of A Complicated Crown-Root Fracture In A Young Permanent Incisor Using Intentional Replantation. Dent Traumatol. 2008 Feb;24(1):100-3
[4] Olsburgh S, Jacoby T, Krejci I. Crown Fractures In The Permanent Dentition: Pulpal And Restorative Considerations. Dent Traumatol. 2002 Jun;18(3):103-15
[5] Villat C, Machtou P, Naulin-Ifi C. Multidisciplinary Approach To The Immediate Esthetic Repair And Long-Term Treatment Of An Oblique Crown-Root Fracture. Dent Traumatol. 2004 Feb;20(1):56-60

Abstract: Background: Thyroid gland is a single midline endocrine organ situated in the anterior part of neck in our body with the primary function of synthesizing hormones that play a vital role in the regulation of metabolic functions. Triiodothyronine (T3) and Thyroxine (T4) are two hormones synthesized within the thyroid and are released from this gland in response to a feedback mechanism with the pituitary-hypothalamic axis. The spectrum of symptoms of diseases involving thyroid gland are varied and the clinical manifestations are due to increased or decreased function........

Key Words: Thyroid lesions, USG (Ultrasonography), FNAC (Fine needle Aspiration Cytology),

[1]
Seon Hyeong Choi, Md1, 2, Eun-Kyung Kim, Md1 , Soo Jin Kim, Md1, 3, Jin Young Kwak, Md1. Thyroid Ultrasonography: Pitfalls And Techniques.Korean J Radiol 15(2), Mar/Apr 2014
[2] Nehal R. Patel, Alpesh V. Patel, Vaibhav V. Patel, Payal R. Vadher, Manali B. Kakadia. International Journal Of Otorhinolaryngology And Head And Neck Surgery.2019 Mar;5(2):319-325
[3] Maha Assem Hussein1, Yasmine Fathy Elesawy2 , Dina Esam Abd Al-Rahman Ghoweba1 And Shrook Mousa2. The Egyptian Journal Of Internal Medicine. (2024) 36:29
[4] Faosat Olayiwola Jinadu Et Al. Correlation Of Sonographic And Cytologic Patterns Of Thyroid Nodules. Pan African Medical Journal. 2021;39(220)
[5] Horvath E, Majlis S, Rossi R Et Al (2009) An Ultrasonogram Reporting Sys- Tem For Thyroid Nodules Stratifying Cancer Risk For Clinical Management. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94(5):1748–1751.

Abstract: Post-traumatic scleromalacia is a rare ocular condition characterized by the thinning of the sclera following trauma, making it transparent and allowing the visualization of the underlying pigmented uvea. This case report describes the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a 26-year-old male who experienced ocular trauma at the age of five, leading to scleromalacia. The case highlights the importance of recognizing this condition and outlines the therapeutic approaches taken to manage the symptoms and prevent further ocular damage.

Key Word: Post-traumatic scleromalacia, Scleral thinning, Ocular trauma, Uveal hernia

[1] Post-Traumatic Scleromalacia Mohamed Elyadari And Amina Berraho Pan Afr Med J. 2017; 28: 116.61.Volume 19, Issue 6 Ser.3 (June. 2020), Pp 38-4
[2] Post-Traumatic Scleromalacia. Iosr Journal Of Dental And Medical Sciences (Iosr-Jdms) E-Issn: 2279-0853, P-Issn: 2279-0861.Volume 19, Issue 6 Ser.3 (June. 2020), Pp 38-40.
[3] Scleromalacia Perforans In Young Patient: A Unique Case Annisa Karima1 , Delfitri Lutfi1 , Awalia2 , Ismi Zuhria1 Bali Medical Journal(Bali Medj) 2023, Volume 12, Number 2: 1821-1826 P-Issn.2089-1180, E-Issn: 2302-2914.

Abstract: Aim: Oral stereognosis specifically refers to the ability to identify the shape and form of an object inside the oral cavity without relying on visual cues. It is a crucial aspect of oral health assessment and plays a significant role in determining how patients respond to various dental treatments and therapies. The ability to perform oral stereognosis is attributed to the involvement of multiple groups of mechanoreceptors located in various oral structures. The effectiveness of oral stereognostic testing is influenced by the design of the experiment, including the method and.....

Keyword: Oral Stereognosis, Dental Rehabilitation, Mechanoreceptors, Oral Stomatosensory Function.

[1] Dennis, S. K. (2007). Oral Stereognosis. In Handbook Of Clinical Neurology (Vol. 87, Pp. 185-193). Elsevier. Doi: 10.1016/S0072-9752(07)87009-X
[2] Haggard, P., And De Boer, L. Oral Somatosensory Awareness. Neurosci. Biobehav.1 Rev. 2014; 47:469–484.
[3] Moayedi Y, Duenas-Bianchi Lf, Lumpkin Ea. Somatosensory Innervation Of The Oralmucosa Of Adult And Aging Mice. Sci Rep. 2018; 8(1):9975
[4] Shetty M, Prasad Dk, Rani G, Shetty Ns.Oral Stereognosis- A Diagnostic Tool. Jiaomr 2007;19: 400-4.
[5] Wright S.: Applied Physiology, Oxford University Press, London, 1963..

Abstract: This article delves into the often-overlooked challenges associated with indirect bonding utilizing a glue gun in orthodontic practice. While this method offers the promise of cost-effectiveness and simplified procedures, it also presents significant drawbacks. The use of a glue gun can result in messy application, leading to potential inaccuracies in bracket placement and compromised treatment outcomes. Furthermore, the melting of the glue under composite curing light can make tray removal after bonding a cumbersome and time-consuming process, adding complexity to an otherwise streamlined technique. Through a thorough examination of these challenges, this article sheds light on the practical considerations and potential.....

Keywords: Indirect bonding; Glue gun material; Sectional bonding; Transfer trays

[1]. Nojima Li, Araújo As, Alves Júnior M. Indirect Orthodontic Bonding - A Modified Technique For Improved Efficiency And Precision. Dental Press J Orthod. 2015 May-June;20(3):109-17 109.
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Abstract: Résumé : La séquestration pulmonaire est une affection rare . Les auteurs rapportent le cas d'une patiente admise pour une opacité basithoracique droite révélée par une douleur thoracique , une dyspnée et un syndrome bronchique purulent , l'angioscanner thoracique a confirmé le diagnostic de séquestration pulmonaire .La patiente a bénéficié d'une lobectomie inférieure droite avec des suites post-opératoires simples.

[1] Zekri, E. Ben Jemia Ben, Et Al. "Séquestration Pulmonaire Diagnostiquée A L'âge Adulte: A Propos De 25 Cas." Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires 36 (2019): A205-A206.
[2] Dm, Pryce. "Lower Accessory Pulmonary Artery With Intralobar Sequestration Of Lung: A Report Of Seven Cases." J Pathol Bacteriol 58 (1946): 457-67
[3] Zekri, E. Ben Jemia Ben, Et Al. "Séquestration Pulmonaire Diagnostiquée A L'âge Adulte: A Propos De 25 Cas." Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires 36 (2019): A205-A206.
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[5] Lin, Chih-Hung, Et Al. "Pulmonary Sequestration—Differences In Diagnosis And Treatment In A Single Institution." Journal Of The Chinese Medical Association 76.7 (2013): 385-389.

Abstract: A 25 year old female came to casuality with complaints breathless , one episode of seizure ,at the time admission Cbg was 700mg/dl ,ABG was done it showed metabolic acidosis saturation was 88% , use abdomen done it showed ectopic right kidney , bilateral hydronephrosis , emphysematous cystitis .urine routine showed albumin 2+, pus cells plenty ,spot urine per done it showed 10000mg/dl.EEG done it showed normal limits.viral serology done it showed negative .Blood culture done it showed klebsiella pneumonia and antibiotics started.usg neck done it showed two well defined heterochoic nodules in the right lobe of thyroid-tirads III. patient is known case of type 1 diabetes mellitus ,on irregular treatment known

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