IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-11 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2017

Abstract: Nanotechnology has gained tremendous impetus in the synthesis and development of various metal nanoparticles. Chemical and physical methods have successfully produced pure, well-defined nanoparticles, but these techniques are expensive, energy consuming and potentially toxic to the environment. Therefore, there is a need for environmental friendly approaches for the production of nanoparticles. The aim of this study was to develop a biological process using lesser explored Actinomycete sp. and to convert huge amounts of generated radiographic waste, a potential source for the recovery of valuable silver nanoparticles. Actinomycetes sp. were isolated from different soil samples and..........

KeyWords: Actinomycetes sp., Anti algal, Bio remediation, Silver nanoparticles, Streptomyces sp.

[1]. Aktas, M. H. Morcali and Yucel O., 2010, "Silver Recovery from Waste Radiographic Films by Cementation and Reduction" .Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 49, (2):147-154.
[2]. Chaudhary, S. H., Yadav, J., Shrivastava, R. A., Singh, S., Singh, K. A., Gopalan, N., 2013, "Antibacterial activity of actinomycetes isolated from different soil samples of Sheopur (A city of central India)". Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research, 4(2): 118-123.
[3]. Das, V. L., Thomas, R., Varghese, T. R., Soniya, E. V., Mathew, J., Radhakrishnan, E. K., 2014, "Extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles by the Bacillus strain CS 11 isolated from industrialized area". Biotech, 4:121–126.
[4]. Gusseme, D. B., Sintubin, L., Baert, L., Thibo, E., Hennebel, T., Vermeulen, G., Uyttendaele, M., Verstraete, W., and Boon, N., 2010, "Biogenic Silver for Disinfection of Water Contaminated with Viruses". Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 76(4):1082–1087.

Abstract: Arecanut, Areca catechu L., along with certain other ingredients is the oldest common masticatory in most of the countries. It is generally chewed as it is believed to have lots of medicinal properties. Several Scientific data are now available to support this. On the other hand, lots of reports are also there on the adverse effects of chewing such products on human health. Most of the data collected on the adverse effects of chewing arecanut were from the people who chewed betel quid or pan masala. Both these chewing products usually contain several other ingredients, generally undisclosed, along with arecanut. While reviewing the research papers it was found that several...........

KeyWords: Areca catechu, aflatoxin, contamination

[1]. Arjungi KN. Areca nut: A review. Arzneimittelforschung 1976; 26: 951-6.
[2]. Balasimha D, Rajagopal V. Eds.: Balasimha D, Rajagopal V. In: Introduction. Arecanut. India. Kasaragod: Central Plantation Crops Research Institute; 2004.p.1-6.
[3]. Selvan MT, Sivaraman K, Manojkumar K. Eds.: Balasimha D, Rajagopal V. In: Economics, marketing and development. Arecanut. India. Kasaragod: Central Plantation Crops Research Institute;2004.p. 259-301.
[4]. Cheriyan H, Manojkumar K. Arecanut production scenario in India. Indian J Arecanut, Spices and Med plants 2014;16: 3-11.
[5]. Rao MM. Eds.: Bavappa, KVA Nair, Kumar TP. In: Introducnion. The Arecanut Palm. India. Kasaragod: Central Plantation Crops Research Institute; 1982.p1-9.

Abstract: Bioaccumulation of heavy metal in fish Auchenoglanis occidentalis,Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus) tissues in Upper Benue River was evaluated. Data were collected in four different sites of the river once in month in triplicate from May 2014-October 2015 determination of Heavy metal like Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn, Cr and Ni using a Buck Scientific 200A model, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. All the Heavy Metals (Pb, Cu, Cd, Zn, Cr and Ni) under investigation were present in measurable amount in fish tissues except Cadmium and Chromium which were below detection level. The mean concentration of Copper ranged between 0.40mg/kg to 1.27mg/kg which were recorded in A..........

KeyWords: Auchenoglanis occidentalis, Bioaccumulation, Concentration, Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus

[1]. Ademoroti, C.M.A (1996). Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology, Foludex Press Ltd. Ibadan pp. 171-204.
[2]. Adeyeye, E.I., Akinyugha, R.J., Febosi, M.E. and Tenabe, V.O. (1996). Determination of some metals in Clarias gariepinus (Cuvier and Valenciemes), Cyprinus carpio L) and Oreochromis niloticus (L) fishes in a polyculture fresh water pond and their environment. Aquacut, 47, 205- 214.
[3]. Akan, J.C., F.I. Abdulrahman, O.A. Sodipo& P.I. Akandu. 2009. Bioaccumulation of some heavy metals of six fresh water fishes caught from lake chad in DoronBuhari, Maiduguri, Borno State State Nigeria. Nig. J. app. Sci. Environ. Manag. 4:103-11.
[4]. Allen, P. (1995): Chronic Accumulation of Cadmium in the edible Tissues of Oreochromis aurus (Steindachner): Modification by Mercury and Lead. Arch. Environ. Contam.Toxicol., 29, 8-14.APHA (1995). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water. (15th Edition) Washington, D.C.
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Abstract: Hyderabad is called 'Limnological capital of India, owing to greater number of major and minor water bodies in its metropolitan limits. Most of these water bodies are used as drinking water sources in the city. The study of water quality of Himayathsagar is taken up as this drinking water source is more susceptible to the growing urbanization and industrialization due to its close vicinity to Hyderabad city. The water quality index of the Lake using the physicochemical and biological parameters is calculated. The results showed slightly poor water quality of the lake. If all the activities leading to the deterioration of water quality are controlled in the catchment areas this precious resource can be saved for future use.

KeyWords: Industrialization, Limnological, physicochemical parameters, urbanization, water quality index.

[1]. Kishan Rao, A. Patancheru-A Hell on Earth (A Saga of a People's Struggle Against Industrial Pollution), A.V.R.R. Memorial Charitable Trust, Hyderabad (2001).
[2]. Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (HMWSS&B).
[3]. Alikhan, R. "Hyderabad: 400 years (1951-1991)". Hyderabad: View Point (1990).
[4]. Ramachandraiah, Chigurupati, Vedakumar, Manikonda., "Hyderabad's Water Issues and the Musi River Need for Integrated Solutions", Paper presented in the International Water Conference, Berlin during 12-14 September(2007).
[5]. http://cseindia.org/userfiles/hyderabad_portraits.pdf

Abstract: This work describes the study of eutrophication in Lake Reghaïa, located 30 km to the east of Algiers and 2 km from the town of Reghaïa. Eutrophication is a but natural pollution of some aquatic ecosystems form that occurs when the environment receives too much nutritious substances for algae and they proliferate in outstanding amount, degrading the entire ecosystem. Key nutrients at the origin of this phenomenon are phosphorus. Eutrophication is a growing threat to Lake Reghaïa. It induces a significant deterioration in water quality which can lead to economic losses and risks to human health. The study of improved Vollenveider model confirms that Lake Reghaïa is significantly polluted by human activities and the phosphorus load is estimated.

KeyWords: Eutrophication, Lake Reghaïa, Modelling, Phosphorus, Pollution.

[1]. Anrh. Agence nationale des nessources hydriques (National agency for water resources) Monthly Bulletins Quality of Superficial Waters Oran, Algeria
[2]. Benabdi M. & Bachetarzi R. 2015 Bilan diagnostic de la réserve naturelle de Algérie (Bilan diagnostic nature reserve reghaïa algeria in 2015), Car/asp - PNUE/PAM 2015 edn Car/asp - Projet MedMPAnet, Tunis, p. 55.
[3]. Erik J., Martin S., Torben L. L., Thomas A. D., Zhengwen L., Nestor M., Carolina T., Korhan O., Henning S. J., Dennis T., Fernendo S., Xavier L., Liselotte S. J., Rikke B., Lone L., Soren E. L., Frank L., Sara E. & Mariana M. 2012 Biomanipulation as a restoration tool to combat eutrophication: recent advances and future challenges. Advance in Ecological Research, 47, 411-488.
[4]. Haiming Z. & Yan W. 2016 Phosphorus removal and recovery from domestic wastewater in a novel process of enhanced biological phosphorus removal coupled with crystallization. Bioresource Technology, 211, 87-92.
[5]. Hamdan M. 2012 Plan cotier de reghaïa: sites naturels et biodiversité terrestre état des lieux et diagnostic (Poastal plan reghaïa: natural and terrestrial biodiversity status and diagnosis in 2012), Strategic Partnership for the Mediterranean Large Marine Ecosystem

Abstract: India is home to four of the five cities in the world with the worst air pollution. With an annual average PM 2.5 level of 122 μg/m³, Delhi's air is the worst among global megacities with dense populations, as IndiaSpend reported in October 2016 based on WHO data. WHO experts acknowledge India faces a "huge challenge". Common causes of air pollution include too many cars, especially diesel-fueled vehicles, the heating and cooling of big buildings, waste management, agriculture and the use of coal or diesel generators for power. In this paper we propose an idea to reduce the emission of hazardous exhausts.............

KeyWords: Green energy, Molecular Sieve Technology, Seebeck Effect (key words)

[1]. http://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-s-air-quality-among-world-s-worst-over-diwali-weekendreport/
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[3]. http://www.earthday.org/2016/06/14/largest-increase-global-co2-emissions-energy-use-2015-came-india/
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[5]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermoelectric_generator

Abstract: The effect of passive modified atmosphere packaging on some postharvest qualities of stored fresh maize was investigated at tropical ambient temperature (28±2 °C) and 80% RH. Changes in the appearances of husk, silk and kernel, kernel firmness, weight and microbial growth were monitored. Freshly harvested yellow maize (FHYM) served as control. Results showed that packaging film greatly affected the appearances of the husk, silk, kernel and kernel firmness compare to the control sample. The highest weight loss was observed in dehusked maize while the maize samples in packaging film had the least weight loss. Lactobacillus sp., Micrococcus liteus, Streptococcus sp

KeyWords: Appearances, Fresh maize, Microorganisms, Modified atmosphere packaging, Weight loss

[1]. M. Soltani, R. Alimardani, H. Mobli, and S. S. Mohtasebi, Modified atmosphere packaging: A progressive technology for shelf-life extension of fruits and vegetables. Journal of Applied Packaging Research, 7(2), 2015, 33-59.
[2]. S. Mangaraj, T. K. Goswami, and P. V. Mahajan, Applications of plastic films for modified atmosphere packaging of fruits and vegetables: a review, Food Engineering Review, 1, 2009, 133-158.
[3]. H. P. Geetha, V. Palanimuthu and B. Ranganna, A study on shelf-life extension of freshly harvested sweet corn cobs (Zea mays var. Rugosa). Int. J. Proc. and Post Harvest Technol., 5 (2), 2014, 131-135.
[4]. A. Ahmadi1 and P. ziarati, Chemical composition profile of canned and Frozen sweet corn (Zea mays l.) In iran, Orient. J. Chem., 31(2), 2015, 1065-1070.
[5]. D. Kumar and N. A. Jhariya, Nutritional, medicinal and economical importance of corn: A mini review. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2, 2013, 7-8.

Abstract: Spirulina platensis is a high protein content cyanobacterium with known therapeutic properties. Its main protein Phycocyanin is currently as a functional ingredient into various food products to enhance their nutritional qualities acting as food colorant, antioxidant and emulsifier, reducing the use of synthetic additives. The post-harvest treatment of the microalga affects its content of proteins and pigments (carotenois, chlorophylls, etc.), as in the long run the environmental performance of the recovery process. In this study, industrially applied drying techniques, such as Accelerated Solar Drying (ASD) and Vacuum Drying (VD)........

KeyWords: Accelerated Solar Drying, Antiradical activity, Carotenoids, Life cycle assessment, Phycocyanin, Vacuum Drying

[1]. I. Priyadarshani and B. Rath, "Commercial and industrial applications of micro algae – A review," J. Algal Biomass Util., vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 89–100, 2012.
[2]. M. Vigani et al., "Food and feed products from micro-algae: Market opportunities and challenges for the EU," Trends Food Sci. Technol., vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 81–92, 2015.
[3]. P. Spolaore, C. Joannis-Cassan, E. Duran, and A. Isambert, "Commercial applications of microalgae.," J. Biosci. Bioeng., vol. 101, pp. 87–96, 2006.
[4]. L. C. Wu, J. A. A. Ho, M. C. Shieh, and I. W. Lu, "Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of spirulina and Chlorella water extracts," J. Agric. Food Chem., vol. 53, no. 10, pp. 4207–4212, 2005.
[5]. H. Shimamatsu, "Mass production of Spirulina, an edible microalga," Hydrobiologia, vol. 512, no. 1–3, pp. 39–44, Jan. 2004.

Abstract: Biotic and abiotic pollution is threatening the human health in crowded cities. Heavy metals and fungal pollution is increasing in urban environments. This study aims at assessing the efficiency of the two common street trees Ficus nitida and Conocarpus erectus in intercepting heavy metals and fungal aerosols in the air of Cairo and Riyadh cities. The results showed higher levels of heavy metals in air of Cairo than in Riyadh. The fungal species diversity in the two cities increased during summer than in winter season. The highest concentration of Ni was recorded in Cairo with maximum value in Tahrir site which reached 0.332 mg.............

KeyWords: Cairo, Riyadh, Heavy metals, Fungi, Species diversity, Ficus nitida, Conocarpus erectus

[1]. EL-Khatib1, A. M. Abd El-Rahman1, O. M. Elsheikh1. (2011). Leaf geometric design of urban trees: potentiality to capture
airborne particle pollutants. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Sohag University. Journal of Environmental Studies, 7, 49- 59.
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pollution. In: Yunus, M., Iqbal, M. (Eds), Plant Response to Air Pollution. John Wiley, Chichester, 194-240.
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environment. In: Markert, B.A., Breure, A.M., Zechmeister, H.G. (Eds.), Bioindicators and Biomonitors. Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 3-39.
[5]. Moraes, R.M., Delitti, W.B.C., Moraes, J.A.P.V. (2003). Gas exchange, growth, and chemical parameters in a native Atlantic forest
tree species in polluted areas of Cubatao, Brazil. Ecological and Environmental Safety, 54, 339-345.

Abstract: The present study deals with the documentation of fish diversity and fishing gears used from the wetlands of Central Assam. The study was carried out in three important wetlands of Kamrup Rural district and Kamrup Metro District, viz. Sol beel , Etila beel and Duani beel. Sol beel is situated in the Kamrup Rural district and connected to the Kulsi River, during monsoon season. Etila beel and Duani beel is situated in Kamrup Metro district and connected to Kolong and Digaru River tributary respectively. These three wetlands are perennial in nature that remains covered by water along with its aquatic flora and fauna almost throughout the year. Different types of fishes are available in these three wetlands................

KeyWords: Wetland, fish diversity, Present Status, Indiscriminate killing, Central Assam

[1]. Bennet G.W. 1962. Management of artificial lakes and ponds. Reinhold. New York, USA. 283 pp.
[2]. Oglesby, R.T. 1985. Management in the lacustrine Fisheries in the tropics. Fisheries, 10(2) 16-19. [3]. Talwar PK and Jhingran AG (1991) Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries, volume two. Oxford IBH Publishing Co Pvt Ltd, New Delhi-Calcutta. pp. 543-1158.
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[5]. Vishwanath, W. (2000). Fishes of North East India-A Field Guide to Species Identification. National Agricultural Technology Project, Lucknow. Pp: 195.

Abstract: Background: Several studies have assessed the association between biomass fuel use and respiratory infection morbidity and mortality but very limited studies have investigated the practices involved in the use of these biomass fuels in relation to the acquisition of acute respiratory infections (ARI) among under-five children in Nigeria. This study was therefore designed to assess the association between household cooking practices and ARI among under-five children in Ibadan. Methods: A hospital based case-control study was undertaken. Two hundred and twenty (220) under-5 children with ARI (cases) and 220 without ARI (controls) were selected consecutively from children visiting Oni-Memorial Children Hospital and University College Hospital, Ibadan.............

KeyWords: Household cooking practice, Acute respiratory infections, Under-5 children

[1]. Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K, Lim S, Shibuya K, Aboyans V. (2012) Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet, 380(9859):2095–128. [2]. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, WA, University of Washington, (2013). GBD Heatmap. Available: http://vizhub.healthdata.org/irank/heat.php. Accessed 3 September 2014.

[3]. Bonjour S., Adair-Rohani H., Wolf J., Bruce N.G., Mehta. (2013). Solid fuel use for household cooking: country and regional estimates for 1980–2010. Environ Health Perspect, 121(7):784–90.

[4]. Rehfuess E.A., Mehta S., Prüss-Üstün A. (2006). Assessing household solid fuel use – multiple implications for the millennium development goals. Environmental Health Perspectives, 114(3):373–378.

[5]. Bruce N., Perez-Padilla R., Albalak R. (2000). Indoor air pollution in developing countries: A major environmental and public health challenge. Bull World Health Organ, 78(9):1078–92.

Abstract: Curryleaf [Murraya koeinigii (L.) Sprengel] exported from India had insecticide residues above maximum residue limits, which are hazardous to consumer health and caused rejection of the commodity at point of entry in Europe and middle east resulting in a check on export of curry leaf. Hence to study current pesticide usage patterns in major curry leaf growing areas, a survey on pesticide use pattern was carried out in curry leaf growing areas in Guntur districts of Andhra Pradesh during 2013-14, by interviewing farmers growing curry leaf utilizing a questionnaire to assess their knowledge and practices on crop cultivation, general awareness on pesticide recommendations and use. Education levels of farmers were low, wherein 13.96 per cent were only high school educated and 13.96% were illiterates...............

KeyWords: Murraya koeinigii, leaf roller, Curry leaf, Psyllids, endosulfan, decontamination Tetranychid mite

[1]. Devaki, K., Muralikrishna, T., Sreedevi, K and Rao, A. R. 2012. Incidence and biology of leaf roller, Psorosticha zizyphi (Stainton) (Lepidoptera:Oecophoridae) on curry leaf, Murraya koenigii (L.) Sprengel. Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystems. 18 (2): 154-157.
[2]. Jana, H., Kole, R. K., Basu, D and Maity, S. S. 2012a. Vegetable growers ‟extent of precautions in application of pesticides" in Nadia district of West Bengal. Pestology. 36 (7): 29-33.
[3]. Jana, H., Kole, R. K., Basu, D and Maity, S. S. 2012b. Problems faced by vegetable growers in using pesticides in Hoogly district of West Bengal. Pestology. 36 (11): 38-42.
[4]. Khan, B.A., A. Abraham, and S. Leelamma. 1997.Antioxidant effects of curry leaf, Murraya koenigii and mustard seeds, Brassica juncea in rat fed with high fat diet.Indian J. Exp. Biol. 35(2):148–150.
[5]. Mutwakil, M. A., Malil, E. M and Vijay, P. 2009. Monitoring pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables on UAE markets. Central Laboratories. Ministry of Environment and Water. Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.