IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-11 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2017

Abstract: In this study, the impregnation properties of barite in wood were investigated for the first time. Because it is harmless to environment-related human health, we aimed to use this natural material in various fields (e.g, furnitureand construction). Barite (BaSO4) solution was prepared with different concentrations of barite(1%, 3%, 5%), and impregnation was done according to ASTM-D 1413-76 principles. Scotchpine (PinussylvestrisL.) and oriental beech (FagusorientalisLipsky) from the Eastern Black sea region were used as the wood types in this study. Results showed that in both wood types, retention %, physical properties, and mechanical properties increased with increasingconcentration.......

Keywords: Barite; Impregnation; Retention; Technological properties

[1]. Arsenault, R.D. (1973)."Factors influencing the effectiveness of preservative systems," in: Wood Deterioration and its Preservation by Preservative Treatments,Vol.II, Preservatives and Preservatives Systems, (Editor: Darrel D. Nıcholas), Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY, pp. 121-278.
[2]. ASTM D 1413–76,(1976). "Standard methods of testing wood preservatives by laboratory soilblock cultures,"ASTMInternational, West Conshohocken, PA.
[3]. Atar, M., andKeskin, H. (2007). "Impacts of coating with various varnishes after impregnation with boron compounds on the combustion properties of Uludağ fir,"Journal of Applied Polymer Science 106(6), 4018-4023.DOI: 10.1002/app.27072
[4]. Bal, B.C. (2006). Investigation of Some Physical and Mechanical Properties of Scots Pine (Pinussylvestris L.) Wood Treated with Ammonical Copper Quat(ACQ),M.S. thesis, Instituteof Science, KahramanmaraşSütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.
[5]. Baysal, E. (2011). "Combustion properties of calabrian pine impregnated with aqueous solutions of commercial fertilizers,"African Journal of Biotechnology 10(82), 19255-19260. DOI: 10.5897/AJB11.3054.

Abstract: Cadmium (Cd) is a phytotoxic heavy metal polluting paddy fields, whereas its accumulation in the soil poses harmful threats to agro-ecosystem and human health. Cd toxicity alters rice plants morpho-physiological and biochemical features and has become a global concern for crop productivity and food safety. This article takes a relevant review of cadmium stress and its effects, phyto-availability as well as mitigation strategies in rice. Studies have revealed that cadmium toxicity causes oxidative stress in rice plants, thereby decreasing seed germinating ability, growth potentials, mineral nutrients uptake, photosynthetic pigments, and rice grain yield. However, considering the increasing threats of toxic metals in the environment especially in agricultural soils and the aging much focus being placed on Cd uptake.........

Keywords: Cd-toxicity; rice; soil amendment; soil contamination

[1]. Allen, D. J., and Ort, D. R., (2001). Impacts of chilling temperatures on photosynthesis in warm climate plants. Trends in Plant Science 6: 36-42.
[2]. Almas, A. R., Singh, B. R., (2001) Plant uptake of cadmium-109 and zinc-65 at different temperature and organic matter levels. Journal of Environmental Quality; 30: 869-877.
[3]. Ammar, W.B., Nouairi, I., Zarrouk, M., Jemal, F., (2007) Cadmium stress induces changes in the lipid composition and biosynthesis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) leaves. Plant Growth Regul 53:75–85. doi:10.1007/s10725-007-9203-1
[4]. Anjum S.A., Ashraf, U., Khan I., Tanveer, M., Ali, M., et al. (2016) Chromium and aluminum phyto-toxicity in maize; morpho-physiological responses and metal uptake. Clean Soil Air Water. doi: 10.1002/clen.201500532
[5]. Apel, K., and Hirt, H., (2004). Reactive oxygen species: metabolism, oxidative stress, and signal transduction. Annual Review of Plant Biology. 55: 373-399..

Abstract: Ceratonia siliqua L. (carob) was found in Mediterranean region and many Arab countries and have many medical uses. The antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxicity and hypoglycemic activities were determined. The extract of organic solvents, n-butanol, ethyl acetate, methanol and chloroform and the water extracts of Ceratonia siliqua leaves were evaluated. The microbial activity of Ceratonia siliqua leaves extract was evaluated against medically important bacterial and fungal strains. The antimicrobial activity was determined in the extracts using agar disc diffusion method. The antimicrobial activity of organic and aqueous extracts of Ceratonia siliqua against some Gram negative and.....

Keywords: Ceratonia siliqua, bacteria, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxic activity, hypoglycemic, antioxidant.

[1]. Ahren B., Hassan S., Gingerich D.L., Havel P.J. (1997). Regulation of plasma leptin in mice induced of age, high-fat chet, and fasting. Am. J. Physiol., 273:113–20.
[2]. Ashok P.K., Upadhyaya, K. (2012). Tannins are astringent. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 1 (3) 45. [3]. Attanayake A.P., Jayatilaka KA., Pathirana, C. and Mudduwa L.K. (2013). Study of antihyperglycaemic activity of medicinal plant extracts in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Anc. Sci. Life, 32(4): 193–198.
[4]. Ayaz F.A., H. Torun, S. Ayaz, P.J. Correia, M. Alaiz, C. Sanz, J.I. Gruz and M. Strand (2007). Determination of chemical composition of anatolian carob pod (Ceratonia siliqua L.): Sugars, Amino and Organic Acids, Minerals and Phenolic Compounds, Food Qual. 30, 1040-1055.
[5]. Baragob A.E.A, AlMalki, W H, Shahid I., Bakhdhar F.A., Bafhaid H.S. and Eldeen O.M. (2014). The hypoglycemic effect of the aqueous extract of the fruits of Balanites aegypticea in Alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacognosy Res., 6(1): 1–5...

Abstract: The study was aimed to determine Cobalt level in hair and serum of gas station staff in Van province. One group of hair and blood samples was taken from permissive petrol station workers (n = 100), whereas another group of hair and blood samples was taken from the control group (n = 100) who did not work in petrol station. The hair samples were washed with triton x100 (1%) and the samples were dried at 60 ºC. Then, the samples were mixed with 1 ml nitric acid and incubated for 7-8 h in a hot water bath at 60 ºC. The digested hair samples were added to 10 mL ultra-pure water and analyzed using an ICP-OES instrument. After the sera were separated, the blood samples were diluted with water (1/5) and analyzed using the ICP-OES instrument. Although cobalt level (0.00919 ± 0.017.........

Keywords: Cobalt, Hair, Heavy metal, Petrol station

[1] Taylor A, Marks V. Cobalt: a review. J Human Nutr;32, 1978:165–77.
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[4] Sauni R, Linna A, Oksa P, Nordman H, Tuppurainen M, Uitti J. Cobalt asthma—a case series from a cobalt plant, Occup Med 60, 2010, 301–6.
[5] Nekrasov V, Skalny AV Elemental status of persons of hazardous and dangerous occupations. ROSMEM, Moscow (in Russian) (2006).

Abstract: Termites are terrestrial social insects with highly organized polymorphic colonies, are detritivores, consuming dead plant materials at any level of decomposition. They play a vital role in ecosystem by recycling of plant nutrients. Survey was carried at Karnatak University Campus, Dharwad to know the diversity of termites and also to analyze the physico-chemical parameters of different termite soil samples collected in the campus for its fertility test. The survey work was done during August, 2016 to January, 2017. Termites were identified based on morphological features. Collected soil samples were analyzed for pH, EC, Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in the Department of Soil Science and Agro-Chemistry, Agriculture College, Dharwad. During our survey........

Keywords: Termite survey, Physico-Chemical parameters, Soil samples

[1]. Basu, P., Blanchart, E. and Lepage, M. (1996). Termite (Isoptera) community in the Western Ghats, South India: Influence of anthropogenic disturbance of natural vegetation. European Journal of Soil Biology, 32(3): 113-121.
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Abstract: Changes in haematological parameters are important in the assessment of responses of humans and animals to various disease conditions. It can also serve as the basis of prediction of health outcomes. The heamatological response of wister rats to occimum gratisimum extract was assessed. Twenty-fiveWistarratsweighingbetween100-160gwereusedforthestudy.Theratswererandomly roupedintofive.Acontrolgroup,whilegroups1-4were theexperimentalgroups. Increasing doses (0.2,0.4,0.8and1.6gkg–1 body weight) of the aqueous exract was administered orally to the experimental groups 1-4 dailyfor the period of four weeks. Haematological parameters were analysed using standard procedure. The results show a significantly decrease in the haemoglobin level, packed cell volume and white blood cells in the experimental.......

Keywords: Haemoglobin, Extract, Wister, Rats and Occimum gratisimum,

[1]. AgbaiEO,OfoegoUC,NwodoFN,NwanegwoOC. (2013).Synergisticeffectofvernonia amygdalinaandocimumgratissimumonkidneyfunctioninstreptozotocininduceddiabeticwistarratsincomparisonwithinsulin.Journalof

MedicalandAppliedBiosciences;5(1):116-131
[2]. Ojo O.A., Oloyede O. I., Ajiboye B. O. and Olarewaju O. I. (2014) Effects of Aqueous Extract of Ocimum gratissimum on Some Haematological Parameters of Albino Rats. American Chemical Science Journal, 4(1)
[3]. EzekwesiliCN,AchiewuSC,AnienaMI. (2004)Studiesofspecies offoodvalueintheSoutheasternStatesofNigeria.JAfrMedPlants.18:135-139

[4]. OdukoyaOA,IloriOO,SofidiyaMO,AniunohOA,LawalBM,TadeIO. (2005). AntoxidantactivityofNigeriandietaryspecies.ElectJEnvironAgricFoodChem.;4:108-1093
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Abstract: This research reports the incidence of pathogenic microbes associated with black soot in indoor aerosols of Classrooms in Port Harcourt Nigeria. Six major sources of black soot have been identified; Burning of local "kpo-fire" crude oil for production of diesel and Kerosene, Smoke from refinery and petro-chemical industries, Gas flaring from flow station of oil companies, Smoke from generators both industrial and domestic, Smoke from exhaust of vehicles of all types, Burning of vehicle tyres either at animal slaughter abbatoir or for other purposes. In this study, Students' classrooms (Junior secondary school JSS1, JSS2, JSS3 and Senior Secondary SSS1, SSS2, SSS3) of Model Girl's Secondary School Rumueme Port Harcourt was used as the sampling station due to its centrality in Port Harcourt metropolis. Sampling period spans from 16th May to 28th June, 2017. The open plate sedimentation technique of air sampling at exposure period of five (5) minutes was used for the enumeration and isolation of.......

Keywords: Black soot, Pathogenic microbes, indoor aerosol, classrooms, Staphylococcus, Escherichia, Bacillus, Streptococcus, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Cladosporium

[1]. Ayanru, D.K.G., (1981). Agricultural and clinical significance of some microbial components of the air spores in the Benin City Area. In: Global impact of applied microbiology, 6th international Conference, Emergence Oguhbi and Sauru (Eds) Academic Press London, pp: 107 117.
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Abstract: Information about the spatial distribution of urban surface emissivity is essential for surface temperature estimation. The latter is critical in many applications, such as estimation of surface sensible and latent heat fluxes, energy budget, urban canopy modeling, bio-climatic studies and urban planning. This study proposes an estimation of urban surface emissivity, which is primarily based on spectral mixture analysis. The urban surface is assumed to consist of three fundamental land cover components, namely vegetation, impervious and soil that refer to the urban environment. Due to the complexity of the urban environment, the impervious component is further divided into two land cover components: high-albedo and low-albedo impervious. Emissivity values are assigned to each component.......

Keywords: Emissivity, urban, Landsat8

[1]. F. Becker, Z. L. Li, Towards a local split window method over land surface,International Journal of Remote Sensing, 3, 1990, 369-393
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Abstract: The relevance of indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) in climate science is increasingly being given some attention. This study uses the indigenous-based knowledge, experiences and practices of villagers in Ward 23 of Chirumhanzu District in Zimbabwe to gather their ways of responding to climatic stimuli. The study area remains a climate hotspot zone where climatic vagaries have remained a major threat to the locals whose livelihoods are largely dependent on rain-fed agriculture and natural resource base. In order to understand the IKS practices in place, both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used. A total of 200 respondents participated in a questionnaire-based survey, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. Using the analytic capabilities.......

Keywords: indigenous knowledge, climate change, adaptation, livelihoods

[1]. Adger, W. N., Dessai, S., Goulden, M., Hulme, M., Lorenzoni, I., Nelson, D. R and Wreford, A. (2009). Are there social limits to adaptation to climate change? Climatic change, 93(3): 335-354.

[2]. Alvera, P. (2013). The role of Indigenous Knowledge Systems in coping with food security and climate challenges in Mbire District, Zimbabwe. http://ir.uz.ac.zw/.

[3]. Backstrand, K. and Loubrand, E. (2012). Climate Governance Beyond 2012: Competing discourses of green governmentality, ecological, modernisation and civic environmentalism. In, Pettenger ME (ed.). The Social Construction of Climate Change: Power, Knowledge, Norms, Discourses. Ashgate Publishing Ltd, Hampshire.

[4]. Balama, C., Augustino, S., Eriksen, S. and Makonda, F.B.S. (2016). Forest adjacent households' voices on their perceptions and adaptation strategies to climate change in Kilombero District, Tanzania. SpringerPlus 5(1): 1-21.

[5]. Berkes F (2009). Indigenous ways of knowing and the study of environmental change. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 39(4): 151–156

Abstract: Thiruthalaiyur Lakes are constituted covering an extent of 369.26ha. It consists of two tanks orderly big tank (278.61ha. perimeter: 8173.09mts) and small tank (90.65ha. perimeter: 4477.27mts. Simple transect method, point count method, indirect evidence and Information from people was followed for observing birds. Total 117 bird species belonging to 42 families, 10 sub families and 12 orders were recorded during one year study period during March 2014 to March 2015 at Thiruthalaiyur lake of Tiruchirapalli Forest Division. Out of these, 61 species belong to the order Passeriformes under 17 families. Study reveals that the order Passeriformes dominates the other 11 orders covering the bird population of the lake..

Keywords: Thiruthalaiyur, Lakes, Simple transect method, indirect evidence, and Birds etc.

[1]. Vijayan, V.S. (1978). Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary and its adjacent areas. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 75(3): 888-900.
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Abstract: Water is an important element of the physical environment and a valuable resource with numerous and varied uses. Rivers are primary source of water for drinking, irrigation and other domestic purposes. The present study has been undertaken to know the extent of effects of pollutants on the physicochemical characters and nutrient load of river Valappattanum at Kannur, where river is grossly polluted. Three different stations viz., Valappattanum, Kuppam and Parassinikadavu have been selected. In the same site itself water is analysed from mangrove and non-mangrove area also. All parameters were found to be the maximum in different station. The physical parameters like temperature, PH, electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids were analysed. The chemical parameters like alkalinity, acidity, total biological.......

Keywords: Irrigation, Mangrove, Parameters Physicochemical, Pollutants.

[1]. B. Simpi, S.M. Hiremath, KNS Murthy, K.N.Chandrashekarappa, Anil N Patel and E.T.Puttiah, Analysis of water quality using physic- chemical Parameters Hosahalli Tank in Shimoga District, Karnataka, India, Global Journal of ScienceFrontier, Research, 1(3),2011, 31-34.
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[4]. Dhirendra Mohan Joshi1, Alok Kumar and Namita Agrawal, Studies on physicochemical parameters to assess the water quality of river Ganga for drinking purpose in Haridwar district Rasayan, J Chem, 2(1), 2009, 195-203.
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Abstract: In the subalpine grassland of "Kostilata", which is located in northwestern Greece, on Mount Tzoumerka, 98 plant species thrive, the group of grasses is dominant and from the milk of the animals grazing there, the traditional Greek dairy product "tsalafouti" is produced. The present study was aimed at correlating the composition of grazing matter with the production of "tsalafouti". The grassland area was divided into three zones based on their altitude above the sea level: zone A (1100 m -1400 m), zone B (1401 m - 1800 m) and zone C (1801 m - 2393 m). In zone A, the crude protein, NDF, ADF and total fat contents of the grazing matter were 5.8%, 59.3%, 39.4% and 1.6% respectively, in.......

Keywords: grazing matter, "Kostilata" subalpine grassland, traditional dairy product, "tsalafouti".

[1]. Ch. Tzialla, M. Kasioumi and Ch. Goulas, Production and forage quality in grasslands in two different climatic environments of Ioannina, Proc. 2nd Panhellenic Rangeland Congress, Ioannina, GR, 2000, 109 – 116 (in Greek).
[2]. E. I. Badano, L. A. Cavieres, M. A. Molina-Montenegro and C. L. Quiroz, Slope aspect influences plant association patterns in the Mediterranean matorral of central Chile, Journal of Arid Environments, 62, 2005, 93–108.
[3]. F. Yimer, S. Ledin and A. Abdelkadir, Soil property variations in relation to topographic aspect and vegetation community in the south-eastern highlands of Ethiopia, Forest Ecology and Management, 232, 2006, 90–99.
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Abstract: This study was conducted with a view to find out the most suitable concentration of sugar for the preparation of aonla candy. In this research, six sets of aonla candy samples were made with varying syrup concentration (80 %, 70 %, 60 %, 50 % and 40 %) using sucrose and fresh aonla candy was used as control. The shelf-life stability of aonla candy was studied for 0 to 120 days at ambient temperature. The results obtained from the study revealed that moisture and total fiber content of aonla candy decreased with storage time while protein, fat, ash, total carbohydrate were increased. Ascorbic acid and total phenol content was found to decrease with increasing storage period. However, sufficient amount of ascorbic acid was retained in all samples. Titrable acidity was also increased with progressive......

Keywords: Aonla, candy, sucrose, physicochemical properties, organoleptic quality, Shelf-Life

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