IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-12 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2018

Abstract: Activities of the construction industry in Nigeria have plagued the country with so many problems that have affected the natural environment adversely. The concept of green building seems to be poorly embraced in a developing country like Nigeria where buildings are poorly designed, blatantly neglecting the long term effects of such buildings on the natural environment and the health of its inhabitants. Buildings play a major role in the degradation of the environment from construction stages to the usage (life-cycle) of the building. The environmental impact caused by buildings accounts for 18% of global emissions today or an annual equivalent of 9 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide. The.....

[1]. Brewer, J.M.; Shavit, A.Y.; Shepard, T.G.; Veldhuizen, M.G.; Parikh, R.; Marks, L.E. Identification of Gustatory—Olfactory Flavor Mixtures: Effects of Linguistic Labeling. Chem. Senses 2013, 38, 305–313.
[2]. Byrd, H.; Rasheed, E.O. The Productivity Paradox in Green Buildings. Sustainability 2016, 8, 347–358.
[3]. CHINESE SOCIETY FOR URBAN STUDIES 2008. Green Building 2008, Beijing, China Architecture & Building.
[4]. Dalibi SG (2014): Green Buildings: The Clients' & The End Users' Common Ground in Environmental Sustainability. Nigerian Institute of Quantity Surveyors (NIQS) National Training Workshop; in Uyo, AkwaIbom State of Nigeria. 9th – 11th October, 2014...

Abstract: Human beings are exposed to ionizing radiation from natural sources everyday and it is an inescapable feature of life on earth. Outdoor and indoor ambient radiation levels were measured using Geiger-Muller (GM) based system "BlueGeiger PG-15". A total of 15 locations were surveyed and measurements of dose rates for both indoor and outdoor were taken and each was repeated five times and the standard deviation was determined to take care of errors in data. The dose rate for indoor and outdoor ranged from 0.12 ± 0.02 – 0.22 ± 0.02 and 0.12 ± 0.03 – 0.20 ± 0.02 μSvhr-1 respectively. The annual equivalent dose rates were computed using relevant equations. The mean annual..............

Keywords: Dose rate, BlueGeiger PG-15, ionizing radiation, indoor, outdoor.

[1]. Ahmad, N.,Jaafar, M.S., Muhammad, B. & Muhammad, R. (2015 ) an overview on measurements of natural radioactivity in Malaysia. J. of radiation research and applied sciences
[2]. Al-Azmi, D. (2014) Gamma Dose Rate Measurements in Kuwait Using a Car-Borne GPS Integrated Dosimetric System. World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 4, 163-169.http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/wjnst.2014.43021
[3]. (RPII) Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland fact sheet (n.d) sources of ionizing radiation retrieved from www.rpii.ie on 23rd March, 2018.
[4]. Farai I.P and Vincent U.E (2006). Outdoor radiation level measurement in Abeakuta Nigeria, by Thermoluminescent Dosimetry. Nig. Journ. Phys. 18(1): 121-123
[5]. Farai I.P and Jibri N.N (2000). baseline studies of terrestrial outdoor gamma dose rate levels in Nigeria. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 88(3): 247-254.

Abstract: Anoa maintenance program at the local community level is one of the activities undertaken by the community in Danpelas, Pani'i Village in fulfilling the need for animal protein product in addition to improve the local community's economy. One of the factors behind this activity is because of the activity of hunting Anoa in forest area around the village, but also because of local culture factor. In the line of above problems, then conducted a study with the aim to analyze the behavior of society in supporting the Anoa conservation program at community level. The research used descriptive verification method through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, data analysis was done with Partial Least Square and SmartPLS 3.00 software. Based on the result of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, the variable endogenous construct of hunting anoa is influenced by economic exogenus (X1), health.............

Keywords: Control Model, Hunting Activity, Anoa

[1]. Adhawati, S.S. (1 997). Analisis ekonomi pemanfaatan lahan pertanian dataran tinggi di Desa Parigi (Hulu DAS Malino) Kabupaten Goa (Thesis Program Pasca Sarjana). Universitas Hasanudin. Makasar.
[2]. Adimihardja, A. dan Hikmat, H. 2004. Participatory Research Appraisal Bandung: Humaniora Utama Press.
[3]. Arini, D.I. D.2013. Anoa dan Habitatnya di Sulawesi Utara.Balai Penelitian Kehutanan Manado. Manado 2013.
[4]. De Vos, A. 1973. Wildlife production in Africa. In Reid, R.L. (Ed.). Proceedings of the 3rd World Conference on Animal Production, Melbourne, Autralia.
[5]. Eltringham, S.K. 1984. Wildlife Resources and Economic Development. United Kingdom: John Wiley & Sons.

Abstract: The displacements of engineering structures have been investigated by different researchers using one of the various geodetic methods such as GPS, Total Station, Levelling, InSAR, Photogrammetry, Theodolite, EDM and 3D Laser but in that, the accuracy of these methods have not really been compared to determine which of the methods is better in terms of accuracy, magnitude and direction of the expected deformation. This study monitored and modelled the deformation of Palm House in Benin City using GPS and Total Station and compared the accuracy of the two horizontal methods. Four reference stations and two sets of monitoring points were used. The DGPS observations were used to determine the roof monitoring points rectangular coordinates while the total station was used to determine the 10th floor base monitoring points rectangular coordinates and their bearings and distances from............

Keywords: Deformation, Monitoring, DGPS, Epoch, Coordinates, Accuracy, Analysis.

[1]. Abdel-Gawad, A. K., Mogahed, Y. M., Mageed, K. M. A. and El-Maghraby, A. M. (2014): Evaluation and Accuracy Assessment of Static GPS Technique in Monitoring of Horizontal Structural Deformations. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research, Vol. 4, No. 6.
[2]. Aghedo, H. O. (2016): Deformation Monitoring of Ikpoba River Bridge in Benin City, Edo State, Using GPS. Unpublished MSc Thesis of the Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University,Awka.
[3]. Ameh, B. M. (2013): Determination of Components of Deflection of the Vertical of Lobi Area of Makurdi, Benue State, Using GPS (GNSS) and Precise Levelling Observations. Unpublished M.S.C. Thesis of the Department of Surveying and Geo-informatics, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka..
[4]. Aziz, W. A., Othman, Z. and Najib, H. (2001): Monitoring High-Rise Building Deformation using Global Positioning System. Asian GPS Conference.
[5]. Bird, B. (2009): Analysis of Survey Point Displacements Using Total Station Measurements. Published BSc. Technical Report of the Department of Geomatics Engineering, British Columbia Institute of Technology.

Abstract: A local geoid model for Evboriaria, Benin City using the geometric (GPS/Levelling) method was determined for calculation of mean sea level heights. Fifty points were established for the model and ten points were used for interpolation. The geoid heights were determined by finding the difference between the observed orthometric heights and the ellipsoidal heights. The polynomial regression model D was used for the interpolation of the orthometric heights. The computed mean standard deviation between the observed orthometric heights and the interpolated orthometric heights was ± 21cm. A mean geoidal undulation of 28.410m was computed using the gravimetric method. The computed orthometric heights using the gravimetry mean geoidal undulation were compared with the observed orthometric heights and seen to be identical. It is recommended that orthometric heights of project areas should be determined from GPS observations with the local geoid model of the area also determined.

Keywords: Geoid Model, Ellipsoidal Height, Orthometric Heights, Geoid Undulation, GPS

[1]. Ahmed, A. and Derek, F. (2011): A new gravimetric geoid model for Sudan using the KTH method. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 2011.
[2]. Erol, B. and R. Celik (2004): Precise Local Geoid Determination to make GPS Technique more Effective in Practical Application of Geodesy. FIG Working Week, Athens, Greece: May, 2004.
[3]. Featherstone, W. E. Denith, M. S. and J. F. Kirby (1998). Strategies for the Accurate Determination of Orthometric Heights. Survey Review, Vol. 34, No. 267, pp. 278 – 296.

[4]. Helskanen, W. A. and H. Moritz (1967): Physical Geodesy. Freeman and Company, San Francisco, Geold Modelling and Height Determination for Engineering Applications. www.abu.edu.ng/publications/2009-07-11-122210 2930.pdf. Accessed March 15, 2014.
[5]. Isioye, O. A. and T. T. Youngu (2009): Global Geold Modelling and Height Determination for Engineering Applications www.abu.edu.ng/publications/2009-07-11-1222102930.pdf. Accessed April 23, 2014..

Abstract: This study characterizes the leachate quality and pollution index of Ikhueniro dumpsite in Benin City, Edo State. Leachate was collected from leachate wells at different parts of the dumpsites and thoroughly mixed to provide a homogenous representative sample for each sampling site. The sample was analysed for a number of standard physical and chemical properties using Standard Methods. The result of the analysis showed that the values of electrical conductivity, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid, sulphate, nitrate, chloride, turbidity, nickel, copper, chromium, zinc, iron, lead, cadmium and manganese were above FMENV limit; while dissolved oxygen was below detectable limit..........

[1]. Ademoroti, C.M.A. (1996). Standard Methods for Water and Effluents Analyses, IUPAC System, S.I. Units, Foludex Press, Ibadan, 998pp.
[2]. Agbozu, I.E., Oghama, O.E. and Odhikori, J.O. (2015). Physico-Chemical Characterization and Pollution Index Determination of Leachates from Warri Waste Dumpsite, Southern Nigeria. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage 19(3):361 – 372
[3]. Aiyesanmi, A.F. and Imoisi, O. B. (2011). Understanding Leaching Behaviour of Landfill Leachate in Benin-City, Edo State, Nigeria through Dumpsite Monitoring. British Journal of Environment & Climate Change 1(4): 190-200,
[4]. Akpokodje, E.G., (1987). The Engineering Geological Characteristics and Classification of the Major Superficial soils of the Niger Delta. Engineering Geology, 23:193-211.
[5]. Allen, A. (2001). Containment landfills: the myth of sustainability. Engineering Geology, 60:3-19.

Abstract: Heavy metals constitutes a serious threats because unlike most organic pollutants they are not easily degraded through natural process and therefore remain in the environment for a very long time. Soil contamination resulting from mining activities affects surrounding flora and fauna and presents a large clean-up challenge to the mining industry. One alternative biological approach to deal with this problem is phytoremediation – which involves the extraction or inactivation of these metals in soils by plants. Compared to other technologies, phytoremediation is less expensive and is particularly suitable for treatment of large volumes of soil in abandoned mining site............

Keywords: Heavy Metals; Herbaceous Plants; Phytoremediation; Mining Site; Nahuta

[1]. B. J.Alloway, 1994. Toxic metals in soil-plant systems.John Wiley and Sons, Chichester, UK.
[2]. A. K. Krishna and P. K. Govil2005.Heavy metal distribution and contamination in soils of Thane-Belapur industrial development area, western Indian.Environ. Geo. 47.pp1054-1061.
[3]. A. J. M. Baker, R. D. Reeves and S. P. Mcgrath1991. In situ decontamination of heavy metal polluted soils using crops of metal-accumulating plants-a feasibility study. In: Hinchee RE and Olfenbuttel RF (eds) In situ bioreclamation, Stoneham, MA: Butterworth, 539-544.
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[5]. N. T. Abdel-Ghani, M. Hefnyand G. A. F. El-Chagbaby. 2007. Removal of lead from aqueous solution using low cost abundantly available adsorbents, .Int. J. Environ. Sci. Tech. , vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 67–73

Abstract: Histopathological study of the liver and kidney of the fish Ctenopharyngodonidellaexposed to Deltamethrin 11% EC for 10 days was studied (1/10th of 96 h LC50 value 0.0172). Due to toxic effect on the 96 h selected organs, alterations are observed as pathological biomarkers indicating the load of pollution of toxic stress. Degeneration of hepatocytes and hypatic cords are observed in the liver of toxicant exposed fish. Similarlyin the kidney severe necrosis,cloudly swelling of cytoplasm and a decrease in the epithelial cells of the distal convoluted tubules are also observed. Pathological lesions in liver and kidney culminates the impairment of physiological process of the fish.

Keywords: Ctenopharyngodonidella, Liver, Kidney, Deltamethrin 11% EC, Biomarker, Histopathological study.

[1]. Ahrar Khan, Latif Ahmad and Mohammad Zargham Khan. Haemato-Biochemical changes induced by pyrethroid insecticides in Avian, Fish and Mammalian Species. International Journal of Agricultural & Biology. 14(5) (2012): 834-842.
[2]. Andem, A.B., Ibor, O.R., Joseph, A.P., Eyo, V.O., Edel, A.A.. Toxicological Evaluation and Histopathological changes of synthetic pyrethroid pesticide cypermethrin exposed to African Clariid Mud Catfish (Clariusgariepinus) fingerlings. International Journal of Toxicological and Pharmacological research. 8(5) (2016): 360-367.
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[5]. APHA, AWWA and WEF. Standard Methods for examination of water and wastewater 22nd edition, Washington American Public Health Association. 1360. American Water Work Association: Water Environment Federation, Washington DC, USA, (2012)

Abstract: Waste generation and its control have taken an important role in our environment, since most of the wastes are simply dumped on disposal yards. Therefore the greatest challenge to the environmentalists is the eco-friendly management of this waste and application of microorganisms in effective waste management.In order to design an efficient biological waste water treatment it is important to know the micro biota composition of the wastewater and their phylogenetic relationship. Patterns in the spatial distribution of organisms provide important information on the biodiversity and the complexity of ecosystems. The present study was carried out to isolate the most frequently occurring microorganism from waste water, sludge and effluent samples and to determine their Phylogenetic relationship by Blast analysis.

Keywords: Phylogeny, waste water, biodiversity.

[1]. K.J. Manu, V.S. Mohana, K.N. Ganeshaiah (2016) Effluent generation by the dairy units: characterization and amelioration for irrigation. Water Resources and Industry.
[2]. S.S. Vishakha, S.W. Kulkarni, W. Minal (2013) physicochemical characterization of dairy effluents. Int. J. Life Sc. Bt. Pharm. Res, pp. 2250-3137.
[3]. Amrita Saha and Subhas Chandra Santra (2014) Isolation and Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Municipal Solid Waste for Production of Industrial Enzymes and Waste Degradation. Journal of Microbiology & Experimentation, Volume 1 Issue 1.
[4]. XiaohuiWanga,b, XianghuaWena, Ye Dengc, Yu Xiaa, YunfengYanga and JizhongZhoua (2016) Distance-Decay Relationship for Biological Wastewater Treatment Plants. Appl. Environ. Microbiol, 2016 vol. 82 no. 16 4860-4866
[5]. Martiny JB, Bohannan BJ, Brown JH, Colwell RK, Fuhrman JA, Green JL, Horner-Devine MC, Kane M, Krumins JA, Kuske CR, Morin PJ, Naeem S, Ovreås L, Reysenbach AL, Smith VH,( 2006) Staley JT Nat Rev Microbiol. 4(2):102-12.

Abstract: Heavy metal pollution can become a major threat to biota due to its greater potential to bioaccumulate through the food chain. The heavy metal phytotoxicity remains unnoticed in plants because plants are generally less sensitive to heavy metal toxicity. Even though the toxicity is detected, it is difficult to ascertain which toxicant is responsible for toxicity because toxicity tests are usually based on single end point or single exposure duration. The study presented here focuses on toxic response of different organs of O. sativa at different time points to delineate the type of toxicant. The results demonstrated that this approach can be very useful in differentiating between the type of toxicants.

[1]. Wuana RA, Okieimen FE. Heavy metals in contaminated soils: a review of sources, chemistry, risks and best available strategies for remediation. ISRN Ecology. 2011;2011:1–20.
[2]. USEPA. Methods for Measuring the Acute Toxicity of Effluents and Receiving Waters to Freshwater and Marine Organisms. 5th ed. Office of Water, Washington DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency; 2002. (EPA-821-R-02-012).
[3]. Brinke A, Buchinger S, Reifferscheid G, Klein R, Feiler U. Development of a sediment-contact test with rice for the assessment of sediment-bound pollutants. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2015 Aug;22(16):12664–75.
[4]. USEPA. Methods for Aquatic Toxicity Identification Evaluations: Phase I Toxicity Characterization Procedures [Internet]. 2nd ed. Office of Water, Washington, DC: United States Environmental Protection Agency; 1991 [cited 2017 Jul 27]. (EPA/600/6-9 l/003). Available from: https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/owm0343.pdf
[5]. Delignette-Muller M-L, Forfait C, Billoir E, Charles S. A new perspective on the Dunnett procedure: filling the gap between NOEC/LOEC and ECx concepts. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 2011 Dec;30(12):2888–91.

Abstract: Moringa (Moringanoleifera Lam) is a plant that contains a plenty of nutrients such as of mineral, protein, β-carotene, amino acid, vitamin C and vitamin E. The vitamins are sources of natural antioxidant. It is important to conduct fortification of moringa leaves in dry noodles to analyze their nutrients after being processed with water blanching and moringa leaves selection. The aim of this research was to reveal the influence of moringa leaves supplementation on sensory acceptance, dietary fiber, vitamin A and also antioxidant activity of dry noodles. The stem structure of moringa leaves used in this research was stem 1, 3 and 5 that started from the tip of the leaf..............

Keywords: Moringa, Noodle, Water Blanching

[1]. AchakzaiAmakk, Palwasha, A., Kayani, S.B.T. (2009). Response of plant parts and age on the Distribution of secondary metabolites On plants found in Quetta. Pak. J. Bot., 41(5): 2129-2135. [2]. Adewumi TO, Samson AO. 2016. Moringaoleifera as a food fortificant: Recent trends and prospects. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences (2016). DOI: 10.1016/j.jssas.2016.02.002. [3]. AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemist). 2012. Official Method of Analysis of The Association of Official Analytical of Chemist. Arlington: The Association of Official Analytical Chemist. Inc. [4]. Astuti R, Siti A, Agustin S. 2014. KomposisiZatGizi Tempe Yang DifortifikasiZatBesi Dan Vitamin A Pada Tempe Mentah Dan Matang. AGRITECH Vol. 34 No. 2, Mei 2014 pp 151-159. [5]. Asgar A. and D. Musaddad. 2006. Optimalisasi Cara, Suhu, and Lama BlansingsebelumPengeringanpadaWortel. J. Hort. Vol. 16 No. 3.Pages 245-252.

Abstract: Darwin wrote, "there may not be any other creature in world that has played so important a role in the history of Life on earth‟. The cast of earthworm labeled as biogenic structures consist of assemblies of organo-mineral aggregates. The earthworm influence on soil organic properties, altering soil profile and engineering of soil fertility level varies with the ecological categories .Anecic species construct and excavate small burrows into deeper soil layers, they are larger sized species and drag decayed or putrid organic matter and leaves from soil surface inside their burrows and thus redistribute the organo-mineral layers. Endogeic earthworms exclusively build extensive corridors inside the soil layers, ingest mineral soil matter, and are known as "ecological..........

Keywords: Drilosphere, earthworm, soil fertility.

[1]. Alegre, J., Pashanasi, B. & Lavelle, P. 1996. Dynamics of soil physical properties in Amazonian agroecosystems inoculated with earthworms.Soil Science Society of America Journal, 60, 1522–1529.
[2]. Blanchart, E., Lavelle, P., Braudeau, E., Le Bissonnais, Y. & Valentin, C.1997. Regulation of soil structure by geophagous earthworm activities in humid savannas of Cˆ ote d‟Ivoire. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 29,431–439.
[3]. Blanchart, E., Albrecht, A., Alegre, J., Duboisset, A., Gilot, C., Pashanasi, B., et al. 1999. Effects of earthworms on soil structure and physical properties. In: Earthworm Management in Tropical Agroecosystems (eds P. Lavelle, L. Brussaard & P. Hendrix), pp. 149–172. CAB International, Wallingford.
[4]. Bernier, N. 1998. Earthworm feeding activity and development of the humus profile. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 26, 215–223.
[5]. Bouché, M.B. 1977. Stratégies lombriciennes. In: Soil Organisms as Components of Ecosystems. Ecology Bulletin (eds U. Lohm & T.Persson), pp. 122–132. NFR, Stockholm.

Abstract: The environmental factors influencing relative association of water bodies with malaria transmission was investigated in Ife and Ilesa areas of Osun State, Nigeria to advance strategies for malaria control at source. Randomly selected proportional number of water bodies in Ife (32) and Ilesa (23) were investigated for Anopheles mosquito larval density and physicochemical characteristics of water. Water bodies were identified with topographic maps, satellite imagery analysis and ground truthing. Laval density was estimated using the standard dip and search method and physico-chemical properties of water by the standard methods of sampling and analyses. Number of water bodies containing larvae (NWL) was equal in Ife (5) and Ilesa (5) but percentage of..........

Keywords: Water bodies, mosquito, Anopheles, physicochemical parameters, Ife, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria.

[1]. Afolabi, O.J., Adepeju, I.S., Omosalewa, B.O. (2013). Distribution, Abundance and Diversity of Mosquitoes in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Vol 5(10), pp. 132-136. Doi: 10.5897/JPVB2013.0133
[2]. American Public Health Association (APHA), 1992. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Pollution Control Federation. Washington, D.C., 874 pp.

[3]. Ammar SE., Kenawy M.A., Abdel-Rahman H.A., Gad A.M. and Hamed A.F.

[4]. (2012). Eycology of the mosquito larvae in urban environments of Cairo Governorate, Egypt. J. Egypt .Soc. Parasitol. 42: 191–202. [5]. Ammar, SE., Kenawy, M.A., Abdel-Raham, A.A., Ali, A.F., Abdel-Hamid, Y.M., Gad, A.M. (2013). Characterization of the Mosquito Breeding Habitats in Two Urban Localities of Cairo Governorate, Egypt. Greener Journal of Biological Sciences Vol. 3 (7), pp. 268-275, September 2013.

Abstract: Three cassava varieties namely Umucass 36, 37 and 38 were processed into garri and blended with wheat flour for production of cookie-like products. Proximate and beta-carotene contents of the cookies were studied using standard methods before and during storage for twelve weeks. Cookies produced from 100% wheat flour were used as the control. Moisture content values of the cookie-like products were found to be in the range of 8.07% to 9.67% against the control value of 10.69%. Protein contents of the cookie-like products ranged from 6.05% to 13.05% the control value of 14.64% at week zero. The crude fat contents of the cookie-like products ranged from 4.01% to 6.85% against the control value of 3.83%. Crude fibre contents of the cookie-like products ranged from 1.47% to 1.61..........

Keywords: Storage, beta-carotene, proximate, garri, cookie-like products.

[1]. Abu, J.O., Badifu, G.I.O.and Akpapunan, M. A. (2006). Effect of Crude palm-oil inclusion on some physico-chemical properties of gari, a fermented cassava food product. Journal Food Science Technology. 24: 73-79.
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[4]. Anozie, G. O., China, M. A.and Beleya, E. A. (2014). Sensory evaluation and proximate composition of snacks produced from composite flour of Discorea alata and Telfaira occidentalis seed flours. Journal of Home Economic Research, 20, 100–108.
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