IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-15 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2021

Abstract: The study on the physicochemical and microbiological analyses of crude oil impactedsoil of Okpare-Olomu community of theNiger Delta was carried out. A total of twelve (12) different soil samples were collected from four (4) different locations in Okpare-Olomu Community and used for the purpose of this work. While the physicochemical parameters were analyzed according to standard methods, the microorganisms present in the soil samples were also identified using standard morphological, cultural and biochemical techniques. Results of the study showed that the crude oil pollution affected the edaphic physicochemical parameters significantly (p ≤ 0.05). Specifically, the impact of the oil pollution was found to increase the acidity and electrical conductivity of the soil (p > 0.05), but lowered......

Key words: Physicochemical, soil, crude oil, hydrocarbon, pollution,microorganisms, Okpare

[1]. Russell, S. (2005). The significance of studies on enzymes in soil environment.Acta.Agrophy.Rozprawy i Monografie3, 5-9.
[2]. Kadafa, A. A. (2012). Oil exploration and spillage in the Niger Delta of Nigeria.Civ. and Env. Res., 2(3), 38-51.
[3]. Ajibola-James, O. (2011).Assessment of mangrove vegetation recovery from the impact of crude oil spillage in the Niger Delta (1986 - 2008).Department of Geography, (pp. 5-12), Ile-Ife, Nigeria, ObafemiAwolowo University (O.A.U).
[4]. Orimoogunje, O. and Ajibola-James, O.(2013). Mangrove ecosystem recovery and restoration from oil spill in the Niger Delta: The GIS perspective. Geoinfo. and Geostat: An Overview S1, 1-5.
[5]. Ebuehi, O. A. T., Abibo, I. B., Shekwolo, P. D., Sigismund, K. I. andAdoki, A. (2005). Remediation of crude oil contaminated soil by enhanced natural attenuation technique. J. Appl. Sci. and Env. Man.,9, 103-106..

Abstract: The study was conducted to determine effect of textile waste water on the soil properties and plants. Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato) plants were treated with waste water with different ratio concentration, 0, 20 40, 60 and 80 % were analyzed for metal accumulation, growth and biochemical parameters at Pre, peak and post flowering stages. Findings of the study revealed that at 80% waste water treatment the chlorophyll, protein, nitrogen content, root and shoot length, root and shoot dry weight and total dry weight and soil properties were most severely affected by metal concentration. Total chlorophyll content showed a reduction of 62.5% while protein and nitrogen content showed....

Keywords: Waste water, Plant, Soil, Water

[1] Abdullahi, A. Report of Committee on Waste Water Treatment Plant at Sharada, Challawa andBompai Industrial Estate, Kano. pp 1-2. 2004
[2] Manahan, S.E. Environmental Chemistry. Will and Grant press London. 3PrdP edition. P 271-273. 1979
[3] CPCB (Central Pollution Control Board): Minimal national standards: Dye and dye intermediate Industry. Comprehensive Industry Document. Series:COINDS/34/1990 (1990).
[4] Mathur, N. and P. Bhatnagar: Mutagenicity assessment of textile dyes forms Sanganer (Rajasthan).J.Environ.Biol. 28,123-126(2007).
[5] Suzuki, T., S. Tinolei, L. Kurunczi, U. Dietze and G. Schuuirmann: Correlation of aerobic biodegradability of suffocated azo dye with the chemical structure.Chemosphere, 45, 1-9(2001).

Abstract: The spatial distribution and pollution associated with Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni and Pb metals between latitudes of 4°48'52.8"N and 4°47'02.9"N and longitudes of 7°02'46.7"E and 7°03'37.2"E respectively; situated along the Sambreiro river which flows intertidally from Woji and Elelenwo Creeks (downstream) to Opkoka River in lowtide, and vice versa in hightide were assessed. The mean concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Fe, Ni and Pb) in sediment samples collected weekly between January and May, 2020 from ten stations (St1 – St10) along Sambreiro River were analysed with Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), and the data evaluated with pollution indices such as Contamination factor (CF), Enrichment factor (EF) and Geoaccumulation index (Igeo). The trend for the highest mean concentration.....

Key Words;- Intertidal sediment, Heavy metal, Sambreiro River, Pollution indices, Multivariate statistics

[1]. Nwajei GE, Dibofori-Orji AN, Iwegbue CMA, Ojuh BO. Distribution of trace elements in surface water and sediments from Crayford Creek in Warri, Delta State of Nigeria. Academic Research International. 2014;5(4):123–134.
[2]. Dibofori-Orji AN, Ihunwo O, Udo KS, Shahabinia AR, Onyema MO, Mmom PC. Spatial and temporal distribution and contamination assessment of heavy metal in Woji Creek. Environmental Research Communications. 2019;1(11):1–10. doi: 10.1088/2515-7620/ab4a8c.
[3]. El-Sorogy AS, Youssef M, Al-Kahtany K, Saleh MM. Distribution, source, contamination, and ecological risk status of heavy metals in the Red Sea-Gulf of Aqaba coastal sediments, Saudi Arabia. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2020;158:111411. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111411.
[4]. Xu M, Wang R, Yang X, Yang, H. Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface sediments from shallow lakes in East China. Journal of Geochemical Exploration. 2020;213:106490. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2020.106490.
[5]. Zhang H, Walker TR, Davis E, Ma G. Ecological risk assessment of metals in small craft harbour sediments in Nova Scotia, Canada. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2019;146:466–475. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.068.

Abstract: Mormyrushasselquistiiis easily recognizable by its long dorsal fin. M. hasselquistiiis widely distributed throughout Africa; it possesses electric organs for communication and electrolocation. M.hasselquistii species are relatively large fishes, and therefore of commercial interest. The length-weight relationship and condition factor of M. hasselquistiias well as the physiochemical parameters of Ebonyi River, Ebonyi State were studied total length and weight were measured using standard methods. The degree of association between the length and weight was computed from linear regression analysis using FAO/ICLARM Software Assessment Tool (FiSAT) II analysis tool. Length-weight relationship of M. hasselquistiiin Ebonyi River, Ebonyi State, Nigeria, was studied from February - July....

Key Words;- length-weight relationship, condition factor, physiochemical parameters,EbonyiRiver, M. hasselquistii

[1]. G. S., B.Helfman,B. Collette, D. E. Facey and B. W. Bowen. 'The diversity of fishes; Biology, Evolution and Ecology'. 2nd Edition, Wiley-Blackwell Science, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex,PO19 8SQ, UK.2009,737p.
[2]. Helfman GS. 2007. Fish conservation: a guide to understanding andrestoring global aquatic biodiversity and fishery resources. Washington,DC: Island Press.
[3]. Olusola, O. K. and Arawomo, G. O. A. (2008). Preliminary Observations on Fish Species in a Newly Impounded Osinmo Reservoir.Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science,8:289-292.
[4]. Federal Department of Fisheries (FDF) (2008). Fisheries statistic of Nigeria projected human population: fish demand and supply in Nigeria. 2000-2015. Pp 56.
[5]. Srivastava, R. and Srivastava, N. (2008). Changes in nutritive value of fish Channapuntatus after chronic exposure to Zinc. J. Environ. Biol.29:99-302..

Abstract: The objective of the study is to investigate physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics of fly ash for their potential utilization in agriculture field to reduce use of harmful chemical fertilizers for crop production, The study was conducted with Fly ash of Kota thermal power station, Kota Rajasthan, India. Chemical analysis of fly ash expose that Fly ash is enrich source of many soil vital elements .Fly ash is a byproduct of coal burning in thermal power station. It is a tricky waste residue which create major problems through out the world. Destruction of high amount of thermal byproduct consume a large amount of water, energy and land area and causes many harmful...

Key Words;- Fly ash, macronutrients micronutrients monocot, dicot, soil fertility,productivity

[1]. Adriano, D.C., A.L. Page, A.A. Elseewi, A.C. Chang and I. Straugham, 1980. Utilization and disposal of fly-ash and coal residues in terrestrial ecosystem: A review. J. Environ. Qual., 9: 333-344. [2]. Adriano, D.C., T.A. Woodford and T.G. Ciravolo, 1978. Growth and elemental composition of corn and bean seedlings as influenced by soil application of coal ash. J. Environ. Qual., 7: 455. [3]. Aitken, R.L., D.J. Campbell and L.C. Bell, 1984. Properties of Australian fly ash relevant to their agronomic utilization. Aust. J. Soil Res., 22: 443-454 . [4]. Capp, J.P., 1978. Power Plant Flyash Utilization for Land Reclamation in the Eastern United States. In: Reclamation of Drastically Disturbed Lands, Schaller, F.W. and P. Sutton (Eds.). Madison, WI., ASA., pp: 339-353. [5]. Cetin, S. and E. Pehlivan, 2007. The use of flyash as a low cost, environmentally friendly alternative to activated carbon for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. Colloids Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 298: 83-87..

Abstract: Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is a major source of pollutant exposure in urban areas.1 TRAP has direct links to a wide range of adverse human health effects2 including exacerbation of asthma symptoms,3 diminished lung function,2,3 an increased risk of heart disease,4 adverse birth outcomes involving preterm births and low birth rates which give rise to long-term neurological problems,5 and childhood cancer.4,5 Ultrafine particles (UFPs; < 0.1 μm ) have several more malignant health implications due to the ability of smaller particles to penetrate deeper into the lungs and potentially enter the bloodstream.6 UFPs have been proven to affect animal life.7 These particles have also harmed marine life by causing severe brain damage in fish, thereby resulting in ripple effects on the larger ecosystem.7 Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), while a contributor to particle concentrations...

[1]. von Schneidemesser, E.; Steinmar, K.; Weatherhead, E. C.; Bonn, B.; Gerwig, H.; Quedenau, J. Air Pollution at Human Scales in an Urban Environment: Impact of Local Environment and Vehicles on Particle Number Concentrations. Sci. Total Environ. 2019, 688, 691–700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.309.
[2]. Matz, C. J.; Egyed, M.; Hocking, R.; Seenundun, S.; Charman, N.; Edmonds, N. Human Health Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution (TRAP): A Scoping Review Protocol. Syst. Rev. 2019, 8 (1), 223. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-019-1106-5.
[3]. Paulin, L.; Hansel, N. Particulate Air Pollution and Impaired Lung Function. F1000Research 2016, 5. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.7108.1.
[4]. Lee, B.-J.; Kim, B.; Lee, K. Air Pollution Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease. Toxicol. Res. 2014, 30 (2), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.5487/TR.2014.30.2.071.
[5]. Guo, L.-Q.; Chen, Y.; Mi, B.-B.; Dang, S.-N.; Zhao, D.-D.; Liu, R.; Wang, H.-L.; Yan, H. Ambient Air Pollution and Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B 2019, 20 (3), 238–252. https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B1800122..

Abstract: Background Climate change has significantly impacted on water security and developing countries have severely been affected. Rural communities in northern Nigeria have of recent been exposed to unprecedented impacts of extreme climate events. Flash floods and drought incidences have impacted on the regions water quality and access to water. Materials and Methods: This mini review focuses on the impacts of extreme climate events on water quality, water access and availability within northern Nigeria. It highlights how variations in both temperature and precipitations impacts the regions water security. In addition, it highlights how climate change further undermines the regions sustainable development goal on access to water and how lack of water further undermines the fight against SARs-CoV-2.....

Key Words;- Extreme climate events, water security, climate change, northern Nigeria

[1]. Intergovernmental Panel on, Climate Change. (2018). Summary for policymakers. in: Global warming of 1.5°C. Geneva, Switzerland: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/2/2018/07/SR15_SPM_version_stand_alone_LR.pdf
[2]. Intergovernmental Panel on, Climate Change. (2014). IPCC 2014 synthetic report. Geneva, Switzerland: IPCC. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar5/syr/SYR_AR5_FINAL_full.pdf
[3]. Abiodun, B., Adegoke, J., Abatan, A., Ibe, C., Egbebiyi, T., Engelbrecht, F., & Pinto, I. (2017). Potential impacts of climate change on extreme precipitation over four African coastal cities. Climatic Change, 143(3-4), 399-413. doi:10.1007/s10584-017-2001-5
[4]. Abiodun, B., Lawal, K., Salami, A., & Abatan, A. (2013). Potential influences of global warming on future climate and extreme events in Nigeria. Regional Environmental Change, 13(3), 477-491. doi:10.1007/s10113-012-0381-7
[5]. Akan, M. O. A., Dhavale, D. G., & Sarkis, J. (2017). Greenhouse gas emissions in the construction industry: An analysis and evaluation of a concrete supply chain. Journal of Cleaner Production; Journal of Cleaner Production, 167(2017), 1195-1207. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.225.

Abstract: Labile metal pollution in soil consequently affected plants and this threaten the health through food chain. Three major dumpsites in Akure metropolis were analysed for their labile metals concentrations, their forms in the soil and the rate of absorption in green vegetables. Utilization of the soil for agricultural purposes that could influence human health was established. Their Concentrations were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer after digestion. The concentration of labile metals evaluated indicated that Irese Road Dumpsite had high proportions than other dumpsites except Lead (34.00) in AZ Global Alliance. Speciation of labile metals in the three dumpsites showed higher proportion in the inert fractions. Rate of absorption of labile metals in Vegetable....

Key Words;- Accumulation; Contaminants; Labile metals; Pollutant; Toxic

[1]. Abulude, F. O.; Adesoje, H., (2006). Characterization of heavy metal pollution around processing factory using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Research J. Appli. SC., 1 (1-4): 16 -18(3pages).
[2]. Al-Jassir, M.S.; Shaker, A.; Khaliq, M.A., (2005). .Deposition of Heavy Metals on Green Leafy Vegetables sold on roadsides of Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Bull. Environ. Contain. Toxicol., 75: 1020-1027(8pages).
[3]. Amacher, M.C., (1996). Soil Science Society of America Inc. Madison. Wisconsin U.S.A Pp.739-768(30pages).
[4]. AOAC,(2000).Official Methods of Analysis; 14th Edition, Association of Official Analytical Chemists; Washington DC, USA.