IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-9 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2015

Abstract: The paper examined the land use and land cover change in Kuje area council of FCT. Abuja. It identified the land use pattern since 1987 and examined the responsible factors for changes and the effects of these changes on Kuje land area. GISand Remote Sensing Techniques were applied in mapping the landuse/landcoverofKuje between 1973 and 2010 to detect changes that took place in the last thirty seven years (37). Landsat images of 1973, 1987 and 2010 were used for the study. ILWIS 3.3 academic was used for map georeferencing and image classification, while Al-Idrisi 32 was used for area calculation and map analysis. The findings revealed that agriculture/grazing activities have the greatest negative impact in Kuje Area. Extensive agriculture/grazing covered the largest area in 1973 with 102.14km2 (14.80%) of the land mass which increased to 145.53km2 (20.86%) in 1987. In 2010, agriculture/grazing increased to 363.35km2 (52.56%) due to large scale farming and animal rearing activities as well as rapid urbanization in the area.

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Abstract: According to census 2011 India has 104 million tribals consisting 8.6% of total population.They live cloistered exclusive,remote and inhospitable areas such as hills and forest.Their livelihood is based on primitive agriculture, a low-value closed economy with a low level of technology that leads to their poverty.The present investigation has been done at Sidhi district of Madhya Pradesh(Figure-2,Map Of M.P. Showing Sidhi District).Six tribal village environment of Sidhi district (Forest based society - Parsili and Pondi Bastua.

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[3]. Jain, S.K. 2005 Dynamism of Traditional knowledge Indian Journal of Traditional knowledge.

[4]. Jain, S. K. 2004. Credibility of traditional knowledge the criterion of multilocational and Multiethnic use.Indian J. Traditional knowledge.3(2):137-153.

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[6]. Jain, S.K. 2004. Objective Ethnobotany –knowledge traditional, approaches modern. Ethnobotany 16:1-9.

[7]. Aniket ,A. Sticher , O and Heinrich ,M.1999. Yucatec Maya medicinal plants versus Nonmedicinal plants : indigenous characterisation and selection. Human Eco.27:557-80.

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Abstract: Landfills are common dumping places for garbage in many poor and developing countries.Even thought they are associated to environment risks, they remain the preffered means of waste due to their economic factor. Semi structured interviews were conducted with 19 employees of Kitezi landfill between June and November 2013 and they shared their lived experiences of the landfill daily tasks, sustainability ,achievements,mainteanance of infrastructure, control, treatment and monitoring of leachate, quality control, achievements of landfill under KCCA ,continued challenges and recommendations. Results show relatively high pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Conductivity and extremely low Oxidation-Reduction Potentials (ORP) for Leachate and its path through Bitarabeho's Farm.

[1]. Lou, X. F., & Nair, J. (2009). The impact of landfilling and composting on greenhouse gas emissions–a review. Bioresource technology, 100(16), 3792-3798.
[2]. Hamer, G. (2003). Solid waste treatment and disposal: effects on public health and environmental safety. Biotechnology Advances, 22(1), 71-79.
[3]. Moutavtchi, V., Stenis, J., Hogland, W., Shepeleva, A., &Andersson, H. (2008). Application of the WAMED model to landfilling. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, 10(1), 62-70.
[4]. Manfredi, S., Tonini, D., Christensen, T. H., &Scharff, H. (2009). Landfilling of waste: accounting of greenhouse gases and global warming contributions. Waste Management & Research, 27(8), 825-836.
[5]. Mahar, R. B., Liu, J., Li, H., &Nie, Y. (2009). Bio-pretreatment of municipal solid waste prior to landfilling and its kinetics. Biodegradation, 20(3), 319-330.
[6]. Mahar, R. B., Liu, J., Yue, D., &Nie, Y. (2007). Landfilling of pretreated municipal solid waste by natural convection of air and its effects. Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part A, 42(3), 351-359

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the tolerance of Aspergillus niger to concentrations of selected metals (zinc, copper, chromium, iron and nickel) and sodium chloride. To achieve this aim, the effects of metal concentration, temperature, pH and inoculum population on tolerance of the test isolate to the metals were investigated. The results revealed that growth of the isolate was inhibited in the presence of nickel at all the concentrations studied. In the presence of sodium chloride, all the concentrations investigated supported the growth of the isolate. In the presence of zinc, iron and copper, growth of the isolate was supported up to a maximum concentration of 200 mg/l while in the presence of chromium, growth of the isolate was supported up to a concentration of 800 mg/l. Optimum temperature and pH for growth of the isolate in presence of the metals was observed to be 25oC and 4, respectively. The study was able to reveal the optimum conditions for tolerance of the isolate in presence of the test metals.

Keywords: Aspergillus niger, Metal tolerance

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Abstract: The use of Procambarus clarkii in human gastronomy is a cultural issue in the world. Since it is used in human nutrition, can potentially bioaccumulate heavy metals, it is important to quantify the toxicological risk posed by its consumption. The human consumption of crayfish could be restricted based on current criteria for Cu, Pb, and Cd. Different concentrations of metals copper, lead, and cadmium were evaluated in crayfish Procambarus clarkii tissues (carapace, flesh) for a six month period, from March to August 2013 in the Rharb of Morocco (Lagoon Merja Zerga and Nador canal). The determination of heavy metals was carried using atomic absorption spectroscopy Varian VV20. The results obtained revealed a metal's contamination of Procambarus clarkii in both sites. The concentrations differed in carapace and flesh.

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Abstract: In this study, the ascorbic acid levels in mango, pawpaw, pear, banana and plantain were determined by titrimetric and spectrophotometric methods using oxalic acid and orthophosphoric acid as extracting solvents. The yield of ascorbic acid by titrimetric method ranged from 0.20 ± 0.02 mg/100g to 13.20 ± 0.05 mg/100g while spectrophotometric method ranged from 7.76 ± 4.7 mg/100g to 87.1 ± 6.3 mg/100g. Regardless of the extracting solvents and the estimation methods, the results revealed that ascorbic acid content was very high in pawpaw and mango while it was very low in plantain, banana and pear.

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Abstract: Green is the new color in Management. This paper advice the practices that can engage educators enabling Green to be applied everywhere in their day to day life starting from home to office, classroom, research laboratory. This paper has examined role of different recourses in increasing global warming and how different technologies will help in decreasing carbon footprint through optimal use of resources. The research also inspects the role of materials and other devices in reducing energy requirements and e-waste respectively. Study and supporting data of each reported technique is given.

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Abstract: Pineapple is a tropical plant with an annual global production of 2,33,33,886 tonnes as of 2012 (FAO official website).Pineapple pulp waste is one of the major waste material that is produced by pineapple processing industries. It is a high carbon containing waste, so needs nitrogen supplementation for production of biogas both efficiently and in a cost effective manner. In this study, we have tested the effect of urea supplementation in varying concentration and found that 2 % urea is the most optimum for production of biogas which yields 19 % more biogas than the control. Various metal ions also showed stimulatory effects in enhancing biogas from pineapple pulp waste.

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