IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-9 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2015

Abstract: Present communication deals with the traditional knowledge of tribals of Chitrakootdham mandal of U.P. where tribals of this region are using plants, plant parts and their preparations for treating various ailments like swellings of body, constipation , diabetes, food poisoning, dysentery, acidity, caries of teeth , cough and cold etc. The tribals populations of this region comprises many remote villages and towns dominated by Kol, Lodh, Nath, Kabootra, Sapera and other local rural peoples. In the floristic survey 21 plant species belong to 20 genera and 16 families were recorded for their medicinal properties.
Keywords: Chitrakootdham mandal, Tribals, Ailments, Ethnobotany , Migration.

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Abstract: Yam (Dioscorea spp) is one of the staple crops grown in southern Nigeria that could be put into various uses to reduce food insecurity in the country. A field survey was carried out to assess fertilizers management in increasing yam production and buyers perception on the quality of yam grown with the fertilizers in Atakumosa Local Government Area of Osun State. Six villages and 20 farmers were randomly selected from each village to make a total sum of 120 respondents. Structured questionnaire and oral interview were used. likered square was used to assess the buyers perception on yam quality grown with the fertilizer. In the study area, 100% of the respondents applied mineral fertilizers to supplement soil nutrients. Out of the 120 yam farmers, 40, 32, 16 and 12 farmers used broadcasting, ring, row and spot methods of fertilizers application respectively.

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Abstract: The present study was designed to elucidate the effect of cigarette smoke on vital organs like swim bladder and liver of Gold fish Carassius auratus auratus. The experimental fish was exposed to the smoke of two commercial cigarettes each day. At the end of second day the fish was sacrificed. The liver and swim bladder of normal and smoke exposed fish were used for histology. Nicotine of cigarette smoke dissolved in water. It might make water acidic, cloudy and kills the fish. Cigarette smoking can lead to pivotal morphological changes in animal tissue. In control fish and swim bladder liver histology was monitored. In exposed fish, liver shows hypertrophy of hepatocytes and dilation of sinusoids was monitored. The cell membrane of hepatocytes was disintegrated.

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Abstract: Watermelon seeds usually thrown away, but are very good sources of protein, fat and minerals. Watermelon seeds collected, washed, dried and dehusked. The seed kernels were separated from the seed coat and ground in mixer grinder. Eight male Wister albino rats weighing 105-150g assigned into control and treated group (n = 4). The control group received normal stock diet (20% protein, 5 % fat, 60 % carbohydrate). The treated group received a modified diet ( 90g Stock diet excluding groundnut oil + 9g watermelon seed kernel + 1g sugar ). Percentages of protein, fat and carbohydrate were kept same as that of the stock diet. All animals were given water ab libitum. Rats were weighed at weekly intervals. After 28 days blood samples collected via cardiac puncture and lipid profile analyzed.

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Abstract: Concentrations of heavy metals were assessed in rice, maize, millet, guinea corn and wheat sourced randomly within Kaduna metropolis, Kaduna state, Nigeria. The samples were crushed, sieved, and digested and the samples were then analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The result showed that the concentration of Copper(Cu) in the samples analyzed was 1.58mg/kg, 0.98mg/kg, 5.23mg/kg, 0.90mg/kg, and 2.41mg/kg while Zinc(Zn) was 0.70mg/kg, 2.01mg/kg, 4.51mg/kg, 2.04mg/kg, and 11.32mg/kg, and Iron(Fe) was 8.24mg/kg, 5.99mg/kg, 10.54mg/kg, 18.97mg/kg, and 13.61mg/kg, for rice, maize, millet, guinea corn, and wheat respectively. However, cadmium was not detected in any of the cereal samples.

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Abstract: Ground water pollution causes adverse damage to soil, plants, human and animals at the same time spreads serious diseases. Ground water pollution can also cause biochemical effects such as inhibition of enzymes, genetic damage, and hypertension etc due to higher concentration of trace metals in the ground water. The present investigation is directed towards analysis of major metal ion concentration in the Groundwater sources at the Dikrong River Basin.

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Abstract: Drug abuse and drug dependence causes drastic medical complications in the body that needs to be averted. New psychoactive drug combinations are emerging globally; pose a severe threat to mankind. An abused formulation sold online under tradename 'MAGIC', was confirmed to contain- Benzocaine & Caffeine by GC-MS study. In purview of the OECD guidelines, the assessment of sub-chronic & chronic toxicities of benzocaine and caffeine in combination was accomplished in three treatment groups at dosage regimens of-therapeutic dose (TD), Enhancing dose (Enh D) and 5-times therapeutic dose (5X TD). The assessment of toxicity of study drug combination in all the dosage regimens was evaluated in four aspects - Gross Behaviour, Haemotology, Clinical Biochemistry & Histopathological studies with respect to Control.

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Abstract: Calcium (Ca2+) is ubiquitous second messenger in every living organism. Ca2+ is inevitable, as the neurone functions in information reception, integration, processing, interpretation and subsequent activation of the peripheral nervous system to produce effect in the target organ. Normal intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) ranges between 70 nM -150 nM [1]. The above mentioned functions connote plasticity. Synaptic plasticity is activity dependent alteration in synaptic strength, which mediates memory storage mechanism [2-4]. Donald Hebb (1949) postulated that excitatory synapses that link two cells could be strengthened if both cells were simultaneously activated [5]. This can be divided into long and short term plasticity.

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Abstract: Ground water pollution causes adverse damage to soil, plants, human and animals at the same time spreads serious diseases. Ground water pollution can also cause biochemical effects such as inhibition of enzymes, genetic damage, and hypertension etc due to higher concentration of trace metals in the ground water. The present investigation is directed towards analysis of major metal ion concentration in the Groundwater sources at the Dikrong River Basin.

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Abstract: In this study selected farmers from four different Talukas were surveyed regarding the pesticide use pattern in Karnataka. The results indicate that pesticides are readily available and widely used in crop cultivation. The main intention of introduction of pesticides was to prevent and control insects, pests and diseases in the field crops. Indiscriminate and excessive use of pesticides damaged not only the environment and agriculture but also have entered into the food chain there by affecting health and development. The level of education and illiteracy majorly contributed the poor awareness about use of pesticides. Therefore pesticide usage pattern among farmers needs improvement. The present study could help to develop strategies for avoiding hazards of pesticides, its misuse and promoting sustainable development.

Keywords: Awareness, Crops, Hazardous, Health effects, Pesticide

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Abstract: Food borne intoxication is common in man and local beverage drinks may be the common sources of infection. The consumption of these local drinks is of public health importance. Therefore, there is need to carry out microbiological analyses on these local beverage drinks. The aim of this work is to carry out microbiological analyses on Kunun and Zobo drinks sold within LAUTECH, Ogbomoso campus. Colony Forming Units per Millilitre of Kunun ranged from 0.2×105 to 10.0 ×105 while that of Zobo ranged from 0.4×105 to 15.0×105. Bacterial isolates identification revealed the presence of B. cereus, B. subtilis, B.

[1]. Adejuyitan, J. A., Adelakun, O. E., Olaniyan, S. A., Popoola, F. I. {2008}. Evaluating the Quality Characteristics of Kunu Produced by Dry-Milled Sorghum. African Journal of Biotechnology; 7{13}:2244-2247.
[2]. Gaffa, T.; Jodeani, I. A. and Nkama, J. {2002}. Traditional Production, Consumption and Storage of Kunu: A Non- Alcoholic Cereal Beverage. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 57 {1}: 73-81.
[3]. Elmahmood, A. M. and Doughari, J. H. {2007}. Microbial Quality Assessment of Kunu- zaki Bevereages Sold in Griei Town of Adamawa State, Nigeria. African Journal of food Science; 011-015.
[4]. Oranusi, S. U., Umoh, V. J. and Kwaga J. K. P. {2003}. Hazards and Critical Control Points of Kunun-zaki, a Non-Alcoholic Beverage in Northern Nigeria. Food Microbiology; 20:127-132.
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Abstract: A dried powdered seed of Manilkaraobovata was analysed for chemical constituents, mineral elements and vitamin compositions. Some analytical profile for the powder like total ash, acid insoluble ash, sulphated ash, water and alcohol extractive values were equally determined. The analytical standardization of the powder showed the total ash, acid insoluble ash and sulphated ash values to be 5.5, 1.0 and 30.5% respectively. The alcohol and water extractive values were 10.0 and 13.8% while the water content was 11.0%.Vitamins E and C were 3.70 and 18.78 mg/100g of powder while β-carotene was 16.24 IU. The antioxidant mineral element compositions (mg/100g) were zinc (34.11), copper (4.71), manganese (7.89) and selenium (1.20).

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Abstract: Assam lemon (Citrus Limon L. Burmf) fruits are acidic fruits of family Rutaceae and contain healthy nutritional content that are important for the body. Squash was formulated and prepared using Assam lemon. The acceptability responses of the panelists were encouraging for an initial period of 15 days. The product scored better than the commercial ones, mainly due to the freshness of the product. Beyond a period of one and half months, most of the panellists found both the products to be alike. Accordingly, it was found that the product was accepted by the consumers.

Key words: Assam lemon, firmness, squash, sensory, sugar syrup

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