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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Circulation of Dengue Virus -2 in Chennai-2014, India |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | SenthilRajaRamalingam || SathiyamurthyKarupannan || PadmapriyaPadmanaban || SenthilkumarVijayan || KhallefathullahSheriff || GunasekaranPalani || Kaveri Krishnasamy |
Abstract: Dengue infection is most rapidly emerging as a serious health problem in Tamil Nadu. We report a emergence of the dengue 2- strain in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Background: This study aims to describe the molecular characterization of circulating DENV serotypes between Dec 2013-Jan 2014 by identifying dengue specific NS1, IgM and IgG antibodies by NS1 & IgG capture Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) using PanBio kit, IgM antibody capture ELISA by using NIV kit. Results: A total of 304 fever cases with clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of dengue were reported in Chennai district. Serodiagnosis revealed that 29 (9.5%) were positive for IgM antibodies, 23 (7.6%) were dengue IgG antibodies and 3 (1 %) for IgM antibodies only by MAC IgM ELISA, Panbio capture ELISA........
Keywords: Flavivirus, Dengue virus, ELISA, RT-PCR, Chennai.
[1]. World Health Organization. Dengue hemorrhagic fever: diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1998 p. 12-23.
[2]. Bhatnagar J , Molecular detection and typing of dengue viruses from archived tissues of fatal cases by RT-PCR and sequencing: diagnostic and epidemiologic implications, Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 Feb;86(2):335-40.
[3]. Chinmay Patkar, Kris Giaya, and Daniel H. Libraty,Dengue Virus Type 2 Modulates Endothelial Barrier Function through CD73, Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 88(1), 2013, pp. 89–94.
[4]. Gubler D. Resurgent vector-borne diseases as a global health problem. Emerg Infect Dis 1998; 4 : 442-50.
[5]. Nivedita Gupta, Dengue in India,Indian J Med Res 136, September 2012, pp 373-390.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effects of MM. 106 and M. 26 Rootstocks on Agromorphological Characteristics of 'Crispin' and 'Granny Smith' Apple Cultivars in Chencha, Southern Ethiopia |
| Country | : | Ethiopia |
| Authors | : | Kebede Jobir |
Abstract: This study investigated the different size determining rootstocks (MM.106 and M.26) reactions with two different apple cultivars (Crispin and Granny Smith) and their effect on vegetative growth in Chencha, Southern Ethiopia. The used research design was a complete randomized block design in three replicates. Features measured during the design included: plant height, trunk growth, inter-node length, canopy width and number of branches. Results showed that, Crispin on MM.106 rootstock had the most mean shoot length current year (34.28 cm), tree height (112.24 cm), trunk cross sectional (19.78 cm2) and number of branches.........
Keywords: Dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstock, Apple cultivars, Vegetative growth, Chencha
[1]. Amiri, M. and E. Fallahi . Potential of mineral uptake efficiency by some apple rootstock. The proceedings of the International plant Nutrition Colloquium XVI uc Davis, 2009.
[2]. Castes and E.G. Villanneva . Clarifying the effects of dwarfing rootstock on vegetative and reproductive growth during tree development. A study on Apple Trees Annals of Botany, 100(2): 2007, 347-357.
[3]. Duncan, D. B. Multiple range and multiple F tests, Biometrics. 11: ,1955,1-42.
[4]. Ferree, D.C. and I.J. Warrington. Apples: Botany, Production and Uses. CABI Publishing, 2003, pp: 660.
[5]. Hirst, P.M. and D.C. Ferree . Effect of rootstock and cultivar on the growth and precocity of young apple tree. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., 120: ,1995, 622-634.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Efficiency of Different DNA Extraction Methods for Fish Tissues: A Comparative Analysis |
| Country | : | Bangladesh |
| Authors | : | Mohammad Mamun Chowdhury || A.S.M. Sharifur Rahman || Luthfun Nahar || Monzillur Rahman || Hasan Al Reza || Md. Sagir Ahmed |
Abstract: Extraction of high quality DNA is the first step for many downstream procedures such as pcr, sequencing etc. An experiment was carried out to compare the efficacy among five different DNA extraction methods (i.e. Urea-SDS, Rapid MT, SNET, TNES and Salt out method) applied to extract DNA from Labeo rohita and Tenualosa ilisha. The quantity and quality of the extracted DNA was compared using UVspectrophotometer and gel electrophoresis. Urea-SDS method produced good quality of DNA from both fish species (value of A260/A280 for L. rohita was 1.77 ± 0.06 and for T. ilisha was 1.74± 0.04). Among all methods, Rapid MT method produced highest quality of DNA from L. rohita (value of A260/A280 was 1.82 ± 0.04) while DNA produced from T.......
Keywords: DNA extraction, Labeo rohita, Tenualosa ilisha.
[1]. Wang, T.Y., Wang, L., Zhang, J.H. and W.H. Dong. A simplified universal genomic DNA extraction protocol suitable for PCR. Genet. Mol. Res. 10 (1), 2011, 519-525.
[2]. Ward, R.D., R. Hanner, and P.D.N. Hebert, The campaign to DNA barcode all fishes, FISH-BOL. Journal of Fish Biology, 74(2), 2009, 329-356.
[3]. Lucentini. L, Caporali. S, Palomba. A, Lancioni. H, and F. Panara, A comparison of conservative DNA extraction methods from fins and scales of freshwater fish: A useful tool for conservation genetics. Conservation Genetics, 7(6), 2006, 1009- 1012.
[4]. Zhong, L.I. L. Hong-Wei, and A. Gui-Wei-Z, A rapid pcr quality DNA extraction method in fish. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica 36 (2), 2012, 365-367.
[5]. Wasko, P.A. Martins, C. C. Oliveira and F. Fausto, Non-destructive genetic sampling in fish. An improved method for DNA extraction from fish fins and scales. Hereditas, 138, 2003, 161-165.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Metformin HCL, Ramipril and Glimepiride in Bulk and Their Combination Tablet Dosage Form |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | M. Vishnu Priya || Dr.P.Madhavan || Dr.Pramod Kumar || Dr.Raj Kumar |
Abstract: A simple, accurate, precise assay and rapid stability-indicating reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed with an effective resolution and subsequently validated for the simultaneous estimation of Metformin HCl, Ramipril and Glimiperide from their combination drug product. The method was developed using Hypersil BDS C18, 250 x 4.6 mm, 5m , L1 packing, maintained at an ambient temperature.........
Keywords: Metformin HCl, Ramipril, Glimepiride Validation, Degradation, RP HPLC.
[1]. ICH Q2 (R1), Validation of Analytical procedures, Text and Methodology, International Conference on Harmonization. Geneva. 2005. p. 1-17.
[2]. M.Suchitra, D.Sunitha, C.Prathiban, B.Siddartha and C.Madhavi, Method development and validation of Metformin, Glimepiride and Pioglitazone in tablet dosage form by RP HPLC, International research journal of pharmacy Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. 2013, 4 (08), 250-254.
[3]. A. Praveen Kumar, G. Aruna, K. Rajasekar3, P. Jayachandra Reddy, Analytical method development and validation of Alogliptin and Metformin hydrochloride tablet dosage form by Rp-Hplc method International Bulletin of Drug Research.,2013, 3(5): 58-68.
[4]. Kishore Kumar Hotha, Narasimha Reddy Yarramu, Thriveni Kandibedala, Vijaya Bharathi Dasari*, Venkateswarlu Vobalaboina, Simultaneous Determination of Atorvastatin and Glimepiride by LC-MS/MS in Human Plasma and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study, American Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2012, 3, 559-569.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effect of Different Growth Media on the Cell Densities of Freshwater Microalgae Isolates |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Idenyi, J. N. || Ebenyi L. N. || Ogah, O. || Nwali, B.U. || Ogbanshi, M.E |
Abstract: The effect of BMM and BG-11 medium on the cell density of two economically important microalgal isolates (Chlorella sp. and Scenedesmus sp.) from Abakaliki fresh water body was investigated. The isolates were incubated in the growth media for the period of 384hours (16 days) during which biomass concentration was obtained through microscopic examination of cells at 48th hour interval, using haemocytometer. The culture broths turned green during cultivation an indication that the isolates were green algae. All the isolates showed varied growth pattern in different culture media with both cells optimal in BMM. This suggested that Bristol Modified Medium is a better medium when compared to Blue- Green Medium in cultivation of freshwater microalgae for cell density yield.
Keywords: Chlorella sp, Density, Freshwater, Growth Media, Scenedesmus sp.
[1]. Delwiche, C. F. (2007). Algae in the Warp and Weave of Life: Bound by Plastids. Unravelling the Algae: The Past, Present and Future of Algal Systematics. The Systematics Association Special Volume Series, pp. 75.
[2]. Li, Y., Horsman, M., Wang, B., Wu, N. and Lan, C. Q. (2008). Effects of Nitrogen Sources on Cell Growth and Lipid Accumulation of Green Alga Neochloris oleoabundans. Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology, 81 (6): 29 – 36.
[3]. Yusuf, C. (2008). Biodiesel from Microalgae Beats Bioethanol. Trends in Biotechnology, 26 (3): 126 – 131.
[4]. Tomaselli, L. (1997). Morphology, Ultrastructure and Taxonomy of Arthrospira (Spirulina) maxima and Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis. In: Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira): Phycology, Cell-biology and Biotechnology (ed. A. Vonshak), pp. 1-16. Taylor and Francis, London.
[5]. Borowitzka, M. A. (1999). Commercial Production of Microalgae: Ponds, Tanks, Tubes and Fermenters. Journal of Biotechnology, 70 (3): 13 – 21.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Evaluation Of Synergistic Effects Of Gongronema Latifolium And Piper Guineense Ethanol Extracts On Selected Biochemical Indices In Ethanol Exposed Wistar Rats |
| Country | : | Nigeria. |
| Authors | : | Ali Fredrick U. || Ominyi M.C. || Ogbanshi M.E. || Nwankwo O.V.U. || Ebenyi L.N. || Eze U.S. || Ezenwali M .O. |
Abstract: Combination therapy has been identified as a promising strategy to improve disease management. This work was designed to estimate the synergistic effects of Gongronema latifolium and Piper guineense in selected biochemical indices in ethanol exposed wistar rats. A total of thirty five wistar rats were used for this study. It was grouped into A, B and C, with C subdivided into five; C1, C2, C3, C4 and C5. Groups B and C were exposed to 70 % ethanol for seven days, and further treated group C1-C3 with the combine extract100-300 mg/kg respectively while group C4 and C5 were treated with 400 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg of separate doses of the two plants extract for 21 days ,thereafter,the blood samples were collected and assay for biochemical indices,e.........
Keywords: Synergistic effect, Gongronema latifolium, Piper guineense and Wistar rats.
[1]. Munger K, Phelps WC, Bubb V, Howley PM, Schlegel R. The E6 and E7 genes of the human papillomavirus type 16 together are necessary and sufficient for transformation of primary human keratinocytes. J. Virol 1989;63:4417–21.
[2]. Scheffner M, Munger K, Bryne JC, Howley PM. The state of the p53 and retinoblastoma genes in human cervical carcinoma cell lines. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1991; 88:5523–7.
[3]. Muderspach L, Wilczynski S, Roman L, et al. A phase I trial of a human papillomavirus (HPV) peptide vaccine for women with high-grade cervical and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia who are HPV 16 positive. Clin Cancer Res 2000;6:3406–16
[4]. Zwaveling S, Ferreira Mota SC, Nouta J, et al. Established human papillomavirus type 16-expressing tumors are effectively eradicated following vaccination with long peptides. J Immunol 2002;169:350–8.
[5]. Cui, Z and Qiu, F. (2005). Synthetic double-stranded RNA poly(I:C) as a potent peptide vaccine adjuvant: therapeutic activity against human cervical cancer in a rodent model. Cancer Immunol Immunotherapy, 54: 1180–90.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Comparative Evaluation of Phytoconstituents By GC-MS Of Four Selected Herbal Drugs Used In Abakaliki Ebonyi State, Nigeria. |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ali Fredrick U || Ominyi M.C. || Ogbanshi || M.E., Nwankwo O.V.U || Ebenyi L.N. || Eze U.S. || Ogah Onwuchekwa || Ezenwali M |
Abstract: The present study deals with the investigation of bioactive components in four selected medicinal plants identified in Ebonyi State Nigeria using GC/MS. The fresh leaves of Dodder esculenta, Vernonia cinerea, Erythrina senegalensis and Blighia unijugata were collected and dried in Biotechnology laboratory, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki at room temperature, for two weeks and the dried leaves were grinded into fine powder using mechanical blender and further sieved with 2mm size sieve . This was further extracted with methanol and used for phytochemical identification by GC-MS analysis. The result revealed the presence of the following phytochemicals........
Keywords: Blighia unijugata , Dodder esculanta , Erithrina senegalensis, Vernonia cinerea, GC-MS analysis, medicinal plants, phytocomponents
[1]. Adeboye, J.O., Asije, W. and Awe, S.O. (1997). Diuretic and antidiuretic activity of the leaf extracts of Vernonia cinerea. Phytotherapy research, 11:454-456.
[2]. Adibi, H., Foroumadi, A., Kodarahmi, R., Najaifi, K.D. and Razaei-Tavirani, M. (2013). Synthesis and investigation of Antioxident of 2-benzylidine-3-coumaranones. Journal of Paramedical Sciences, 4 (2): 76-80.
[3]. Amira, C.A., Okubadejo, N.U. and Lawrence, G. (2007). Biological of lepeol. International Journal of Biomedicine and pharmaceutical sciences, 3 (1): 46-66.
[4]. Argheore, E. M., Makkar, H.P.S, and Backer, R. (1998). Feed value of some browse Plant from the central zone of Delta State Nigeria, Tropical Science, 38(2): 97-104.
[5]. Arivoli, S., Tennyson, S. and Martin, J.J. (2011). Larvicidal efficacy of Vernonia cinerea leaf extract against the filarial vector. Journal of Biopesticides, 4:37-42.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Profile of Heavy Metals in Crude Oil Commonly Consumed For Medicinal Purposes in Abakaliki |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | OTI Wilberforce J.O |
Abstract: Levels of Cd, Ni, V and Pb in bonny light crude oil were investigated using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (model-Buck Scientific 210 VGP). The result revealed mean concentration of Cd (0.0485 ± 0.01 ppm), Ni (0.875 ±0.02), V (0.6 21± 0.02) Pb (0.200 ±0.01 ppm). The concentrations of toxic metals in the crude oil decrease in the order Ni > V > Cd > Pb. In a comparison to other crude, the level of these metals was not significantly high. The health implications of these heavy metals in crude oil when consumed as oral traditional medicine or applied to the skin were also highlighted. The variation in the levels of the metals were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) as determined by one way analysis of variance..........
Keywords: Toxic metals, crude oil, AAS and Abakaliki.
[1]. Hudson, G W (1954). Vanadium, Nickel and Iron trace metals in crude oils of western Canada. AAPG Bullet. .38:2537-2554.
[2]. Chevron Community Education: (1997). What is Crude Oil? (Online) –
[3]. Dienye P.O., Akani A.B. and Itimi K. (2012) Uses of crude oil as traditional medicine: a survey of mothers in a rural clinic in South-south Nigeria, The international, Electronic Journal of Rural and Remote Health Research, education Practice and Policy12: 1858. Available online: http://www.rrh.org.au
[4]. Orisakwe O.E., Akumka D.D., Afonne O.J. and Gamanniel K.S. (2000) Investigation into the pharmacological basis for some of the folkloric uses of Bonny light crude oil in Nigeria. Indian Journal of Pharmacology; 32: 231-234.
[5]. Hunter G.A. (1968) Chemical burns of the skin after contact with petrol. British Journal of Plastic Surgery 1968; 21: 373-341.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Levels of Heavy Metals in Some Soup Thickeners Used In Abomege in Ebonyi State, Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria. |
| Authors | : | OTI, Wilberforce J. O. |
Abstract: Samples of Afzelia Africana, Brachystogia Nigerica and Macuna-sloanei, were collected from Abaomege in Onicha L.G.A of Ebonyi State and were analyzed for heavy metals using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Bulk scientific, VGP 210 model, USA)The results revealed the mean concentration of heavy metals content in Afzelia Africana was found to be Zn (0.42 ± 0.03); Fe (0.42 ± 0.03); Cr (0.02 ± 0.01). Brachystogia Nigerica; Zn (0.16 ± 0.02); Ni (0.62 ± 0.04); Fe (0.43 ± 0.03) and Macuna-sloanei: Zn (0.22 ± 0.01) Ni (0.43 ± 0.03), Fe (0.41 ± 0.03) and Cr (0.03 ± 0.01).........
Keywords: Afzelia Africana, Brachystogia Nigerica, Macuna-sloanei and Abaomege
[1]. Morton, M. (2004). Cupboard Love: A dictionary of Culinary Curiosities, Toronto: Insomniac Press
[2]. Fernandez-Armesto, F. (2002). Near a thousand Tables: A history of Food. New York: Free Press expression. Nature Biotechnology 20, 1140 – 1145
[3]. Hutchings, A., Scott, A.H., Lewis, G. and Cunningham, A. (1996). Z
[4]. Ukachukwu, E.C., Achine, S.C. and Babyan, V.K. (2000). Composition and food potentials of African oil bean (Pentaclethra macrophylla) and Velvet beans (Mucuna puriens). Journal of food science, 47:1736-1737
[5]. Das, A. (1990) Metal ion induced toxicity and detoxification by chelation therapy. In: 1st (ed) A textbook on medical aspects of bioinorganicchemistry, CBS, Delhi, p.17-58.Ellio, P. and Bilansk, W. (1975). Food and Nutrition. Canadian journal of animal science 31:20-5
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Phytochemical Compositions of Fruits of Three Musa Species at Three Stages of Development |
| Country | : | Nigeria. |
| Authors | : | Ogbonna Obiageli A || Izundu A. I. || Okoye Nkechi Helen || Ikeyi Adachukwu Pauline. |
Abstract: This was designed to evaluates the phytochemical compositions of fruits of three Musa species at three stages of development. Spectrophotometric methods were used for the study. Results of the qualitative phytochemical assay of the pulp of the three Musa species harvested at different stages showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, glycosides and flavonoids. Tannin was detected only in the ripe stage of plantain. Anthraquinones and phlobatannins were not detected in any of the samples at all the stages of development. The results of the quantitative phytochemical compositions of the three Musa species revealed that phenol content was highest in all the Musa species obtained at different levels of development followed by alkaloids..........
Keywords: Phytochemical, Fruits, Musa species, Significant increase and Spctrophotometric
[1]. Singh, R., S.A. Dar and P. Sharma,(2012). Antibacterial activity and toxicological evaluation of semi purified hexane extract of Urtica dioica leaves. Res. Journal of Medicinal Plant, 66: 123-135.
[2]. Izonfuo W.A.L. and V.O.T. Omuaru (1988)," Effect of Ripening on the Chemical Composition of Plantain Peels and Pulps (Musa paradisiaca)", Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 45:333-336.
[3]. Yu, P., Christensen, D. A. and Mckinion, J. J (2004), In situ rumen degradation kinetics of timothy and alfalfa as affected by cultivar and stage of maturity, Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 84: 255- 263.
[4]. Duhan, A., B.M. Chauhan and D. Punia(1992), Nutritional value of some non-conventional plant food of India, Plant Foods Human Nutrition, 42: 193-200. [5]. Chanda, S., Kaneria, M. and Nair, R (2011), Antibacterial activity of Psoralea corylifolia L. seed and aerial parts with various extraction methods, Res. Journal of Microbiology, 60: 124-131.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Glycoside, Moisture and Dry Matter Compositions of Fruits of Three Musa Species at Three Stages of Development |
| Country | : | Nigeria. |
| Authors | : | Ogbonna Obiageli A. || Ohia Geraldine Ukamaka || Ikeyi Adachukwu Pauline || Okoye Nkechi Helen |
Abstract: This was designed to evaluate the glycoside, moisture and dry matter compositions of fruits of three Musa species at three stages of development. Spectrophotometric method was used for the study. The results of the percentage moisture and dry matter composition of the fruit of banana, plantain and Saba banana revealed some increase in moisture content with ripening or development. The moisture content of banana (71.37%) at the immature stage was observed to be higher than the moisture content of Saba banana (66.19%) followed by plantain (60.44%).........
Keywords: Glycosides, Moisture, Dry matter and Musa species.
[1]. Singh, R., S.A. Dar and P. Sharma, (2012). Antibacterial activity and toxicological evaluation of semi purified hexane extract of Urtica dioica leaves. Res. Journal of Medicinal Plant, 66: 123-135.
[2]. Izonfuo W.A.L. and V.O.T. Omuaru (1988)," Effect of Ripening on the Chemical Composition of Plantain Peels and Pulps (Musa paradisiaca)", Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 45:333-336.
[3]. Yu, P., Christensen, D. A. and Mckinion, J. J (2004), In situ rumen degradation kinetics of timothy and alfalfa as affected by cultivar and stage of maturity, Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 84: 255- 263.
[4]. Duhan, A., B.M. Chauhan and D. Punia(1992), Nutritional value of some non-conventional plant food of India, Plant Foods Human Nutrition, 42: 193-200.
[5]. Chanda, S., Kaneria, M. and Nair, R (2011), Antibacterial activity of Psoralea corylifolia L. seed and aerial parts with various extraction methods, Res. Journal of Microbiology, 60: 124-131.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Microbiological Analysis of Outdoor Air Quality of Male and Female Hostels In Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Udu-Ibiam, O. E || Agah Victor Maduka || Chukwu Okoro Samuel || Olaosebikan Oluwatosin Oluwatoyin || Orji Jerry O || Elsie Ekeghalu C |
Abstract: The microbiological quality of the air environment of male and female hostel was assessed by determining the concentrations and composition of bacteria and fungi present in the outdoor air. Air samples were collected from five different locations of the sites by plate sedimentation methods which involved exposing media-filled petri plates to the air for 10min and 20 min at different period of the (morning and afternoon). Nutrient agar (NA) was used for the enumeration of total bacterial concentrations while sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) was used for the enumeration of total fungal isolates.........
Keywords: Outdoor air, Male hostel, Female hostel, Bacteria and Fungi
[1]. Downess, F. P. and Ito, K.(2001). Compendium of methods for the microbiological examination of air samples. American Public Health Association Press, Washinhton D. C. (4th ed), pp. 66.
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[3]. Burge, H. A. and Feeley, A. (1991). Indoor Air Pollution and Infectious Disease. In: J. M Sanet, D Splenger (ed.), Indoor air pollution: a health perspective. Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University presss, pp. 56.
[4]. Solomon, W. R. and Burge, H. A. (1997). Allergens and Pathogens in indoor air quality. CRC Press boca, pp. 66-67.
[5]. Stuttard, E. (1996). Danger in the air: article for property, Australia. EML Consulting Service, pp. 7-23.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Isolation And Characterization of Coagulase-Positive Staphylococcus Aureus From Traditionally Fermented Food Condiments Sold In Some Markes In Awka And Enugu, South East Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Nwankwo, Joseph I. || Anyaoha Victoria I. |
Abstract: The presence of coagulase positive Stapylococcus aureus was examined in traditionally fermented food condiments 'Ogiri' from castor oil bean (Ricinus communis), 'Okpei' from mesquite seed (Prosopis africana) and 'Ugba' from African oil bean (Pentaclethtra macrophylla). Samples of these condiments were purchased from ten different open markets in Enugu and Anambra states. Stapylococcus aureus was isolated using a selective medium; Mannitol salt agar. A total of 150 samples were examined and 26 of them (17.3%) were foucnd to contain coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus and the prevalence rates of the organism in the two states examined revealed that Enugu state has a prevalence rate of 16% while Anambra state had 18.6%. Statistical analysis showed that the prevalence of the organism was significant (P=0.05) and that Enugu state food condiments were independent of Anambra state market food condiments under investigation.
Keywords: Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus, Ogiri from (Ricinus communis), Okpei from (Prosopis africana), Ugba from African oil bean (Pentaclethra macrophylla), Macrophylla, fermentation, Anambra and Enugu.
[1]. Achi, O.K. (1992). Microorganisms associated with natural fermentation of Prosopsis africana seeds for the production of Okpiye platnt food. Human Nutrition. 42:292-304.
[2]. Achi, O.K. and Okereke, E.G, (1999). Proximate composition and Functional properties of Prosopsis Africana seed flour. African Journal of Biotechnology, 1:7-13.
[3]. Anon, (1990). Ministeridad de sanidad y consumon. Boil. Epidemiol. Semanal, 1873:273-274.
[4]. Arogba, S.S., Ademola, O. and Elum, M. (1995). The effect of solvent treatment on the chemical composition and organism leptic acceptability of traditional condiments from Nigeria. Plants Foods Human Nutrition 48:31-38.
[5]. Balaban, N. And Rasooly, A. (2000). Analytical Chromatography for recovery of small amounts of staphylococcal enterotoxins. International Journal of Food Microbiology 64:33-40.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Phytochemical And Antimicrobial Properties of Leaf Extracts of Lupinus Arboreus (Yellow Bush) Against Dental Caries Pathogens. |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Nwankwo, Joseph I. || Egede, Malachy Ugochukwu |
Abstract: The quests for novel antimicrobial agents from medicinal plants to combat pathogens have become crucial for avoiding the emergence of untreatable microbial infections and reduce the use of synthetic chemicals against these microorganisms. The antimicrobial effect of the crude leaf extract and fractions of (yellow bush) Lupinus arboreus on dental caries pathogens was investigated. The crude water extract of the fresh leaves was obtained by cold maceration, sieved, decanted and evaluated using modified agar-well diffusion method; while the pulverized dried leaves extract was fractionated into ethanol,.........
Keywords: Phytochemistry, Antimicrobial, Leaf extracts, Lupinus arboreus and Dental Carrier pathogens
[1]. Akerele J, Abhulimen P and Okonofua F (2002). Prevalence of asymptomatic genital infection among pregnant women in Benin City, Nigeria. African Journal Reproductive Health. 6:93-97.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Pharmacognostic Studies on the Stem bark of Albizia chevalieri (Fabaceae) |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | H A.Ibrahim || N S Abbas || Sabo A Abdullahi || S Hussaini || Sa'adatu M Mahmud |
Abstract: Studies on the macro-morphological, microscopic, chemo microscopic were made on the stems of Albizia chevalieri. Morphologically the stems are of variable in size and ,somewhat cylindrical in shape, light grey in colour with short fracture and the fracture surface has striations and furrows. Chemomicroscopic parameters shows that cellulose, lignin, tannins, calcium oxalate crystals and starch grains to be present. These study could be useful in the preparation and identification of the monograph of the plant.
Keywords: Macroscopy, microscopy, chemomicroscopy, Albizia chevalieri
[1]. Burkill, H.M. (1995) The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa Vol. 3. Families J-L, Royal BotanicalGardens, Kew. Pp. 207-208.
[2]. Le Houèrou, H. (2009). http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/doc/GBAS E/Data/pf000366.HTM accessed on 21-03-2009.
[3]. Muchuweti, M., Nyamukonda, L., Chagonda, L. S., Ndhlala, A.R., Mupure, C. and Benhura, M. (2006).Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in selected medicinaplants of Zimbabwe. Int. J. Food Sci. Tech., 41(1):33-38.
[4]. Tempone, A.G., Sartorelli, P., Teixeira, D., Prado, F.O. Calixto, I.A.R.L., Lorenzi, H. and Melhem, M.S.C. (2008). Brazilian flora extracts as source of novel antileishmanial and antifungal compounds, Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 103(5): 443-449.
[5]. Freiburghaus, F., Ogwal, E.N., Nkunya, M.H. H., Kaminsky, R.andBrun, R. (2007).In vitroantitrypanosomal activity of African plants used in traditional medicine in Uganda to treat sleeping sickness. Trop. Med. Int.Health, 1(6):765-771
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Studies on The Roots Argemone Mexicana Linn(FAMILY: PAPAVERACEAE) |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | H. A. Ibrahim || Mahmud Ali Umar || Bilkisu A Bello || Abdulazeez Aliyu || Abdulazeez Ahmad |
Abstract: Analgesic and anti inflammatory studies of the ethanol extract of the roots of A. mexicana were studied in mice and rats respectively. Acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and hind paw oedema in rats were determined. The results of these studies showed the extract to possess anti-nociceptive activity which is dose-dependent at 50mg and 100mg/kg (i.p) in mice and in the same way a slight inflammatory activity at 50 and 100mg/kg were observed. The extract was also found to have an intraperitoneal (i.p) LD50 of 368.00mg in mice. These results correlate with the traditional use of the plant by the traditional medical healers and support the use of the plant in the management of inflammation and skin diseases.
Keywords: Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, Argemone.mexicana Linn and roots
[1]. Cowan, M. M. (1999). Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agents.Clin.Microbiol. Rev., 12(4): 564-582.
[2]. Mitscher, L. A. and Baker, W. R. (1998).A search for novel Chemotherapy against tuberculosis amongst natural products.Pure Appl. Chem., 70(2): 365-271.
[3]. [3] Adjanohoun E., Ahyi, M.R.A., Ake-Assi, L., Elewude, J.A., Dramane, K., Fadoju, S.O., Gbile,
Z.O., Goudote, E., Johnson, C.L.A., Keita, A., Morakinyo, O., Ojewole, J.A.O., Olatunji, A.O., and Sofowora, E.A. (1991). Traditional medicine and Pharmacopoeia: Contribution to ethnobotanical floristic studies in Western Nigeria. Organization of African Unity, Scientific Technical and Research Commission, Lagos, Nigeria.
[4]. Hedberg, I., Hedberg, O., Madati, P., Mshigeni, K.E., Mshiu, E.N. and Samuelsson, G. (1983). Inventory of plants used in traditional medicine in Tanzania. II. Plants of the families Acanthaceae and Cucurbitaceae. J. Ethnopharmcol., 9: 105-128.
[5]. Kokwaro, J. O. (1976). Medicinal Plants of East Africa.East African Literature Bureau, Nairobi, Kenya.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effect of Sub-Lethal Dose of Venom of A.Mellifera on Kidney of Rabbit |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Neeta Lal || Abhijit Dutta |
Abstract: Honey bees are the best friends of human beings and are of immense importance to them, yet on the other hand the venom injected by them induces a number of histo-pathological changes in some of the vital organs like kidney, liver, lungs, and cardiac muscles and is responsible for large scale mortality and morbidity of men worldwide.Sub-lethal doses of lyophilized venom of A,mellifera(1ml of distilled water, DW contain 0.5........
Keywords: Bee Venom, Rabbit, kidney
[1]. Hoffman, DR., Wood, DL., Hudson, P. Demonstration of IgE and IgG antibodies against venoms in the blood of victims of fatal anaphylaxis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 1983, 73, 193-6.
[2]. Golden DBK, Valentine MD: Insect sting allergy. In: Franklin EC, ed. Clinical immunology update. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone 1989; 169-96
[3]. Dotimas EM., Hider, RC Honey bee venom. Bee world, 1987, 68, 51 – 71
[4]. Nabil, ZI., Hussein, AA., Zalat, SM., Rakha, MK, Mechanism of action of honey bee (Apis mellifera) venom on different types of muscles. Hum. Exp. Toxicology., 1998, 7, 185 – 190.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Less Known Preventive Herbal Drugs Used Against Piles By Tribals and Rural Communities of Rayalaseema Region, Andhra Pradesh |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Ratnam VK || Venkata Krishnaiah, P || Tirupati Reddy, G || Venkata Raju, R.R |
Abstract: The objective of the present study is to collect firsthand information from local/herbal healers and rural people of Rayalaseema region, Andhra Pradesh used for piles. Ethno botanical interviews were conducted in the different forest localities and rural communities of Rayalaseema region to collect folklore information used to cure piles. The collected crude drugs were identified by using local and regional floras. About forty crude drugs were collected from herbal healers for piles..........
Keywords: Herbal drugs, Piles, Rayalaseema, Andhra Pradesh
[1]. D. C. Bhatt, and K.D. Mitaliya, Elixir herbal therapy for curing piles. Advances in Plant Sciences, 13, 2000, 59-62.
[2]. K.R. Arya and S.C. Agarwal, Survey of herbal folk remedy for piles, Ethnobotany, 13, 2001, 142- 145.
[3]. J.P. Archana Tiwari and A. Dwivedi, Madicinal plant wealth of Jabalpur and Dinolori district of Madhya Pradesh used as medicine of piles. Research seminar on Herbal conservation, cultivation, marketing, and utilization with special emphasis on Chhattisgarh, 2001, 142.
[4]. Ajit Kumar Das and B.K.Dutta, Cycas pectinata A wonderful native plant remedy for piles and asthma in Southern Assam, N.E.India, Ethnobotany, 19, 2007, 140-141.
[5]. Parviz Md, Hussain K, Tufail Md and William G, Ethobotanical survey of wild plants used to cure piles in district Gujarat, Punjab, Pakistan, Global Journal of Pharmacology, 7, 2013, 337 – 341.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Comparative Study of Yeast Growth Kinetics in Different Reactors |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Anwesha Dutta || Shritama Mukhopadhyay || Debadrita Basu || Tapan Kumar Ghosh |
Abstract: This study aims at investigating three different reactors (air-lift fermenter, bubble column reactor, continuous stirred-tank reactor) to evaluate their performance with respect to baker's yeast (Active Dry Yeast powder) growth using YDM (Yeast Dextrose Media) in shake flask culture in the B.O.D incubator under optimum conditions. Conventional methodologies were implemented to investigate different parameters of yeast growth kinetics in the reactors viz., dry cell mass concentration, residual glucose concentration and cell count..........
Keywords: Airlift fermenter, agitator, bubble column reactor, baker's yeast, CSTR, turbidity (NTU).
[1]. Sieblist C, Jenzsch M, Pohlscheidt M, Luebbert A. Underlying principles—bioreactor fluid dynamics. In: Moo-Young M, editor. Comprehensive biotechnology. 2nd ed, Volume 2. Elsevier 2011. p 47–62.
[2]. P. J. Van Zyl, M. C. Wentzel, G. A. Ekama and K. J. Riedel, ―Design and Start-Up of a High Rate Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor for the Treatment of a Low pH, High Strength, Dissolved Organic Waste Water,‖ Water Science Technology, Vol. 57, No. 2, 2008, pp. 291-295.
[3]. Boon, LA, Hoeks, FWJMM, van der Lans, RGJM, Bujalski, W, Wolff, MO and Nienow, AW, Comparing a Range of Impellers for ―Stirring as Foam Disruption‖ (SAFD), Biochem. Eng. J., 10, (2002), 183-195.
[4]. R. Davis, L. Tao, C. Scarlata, E. Tan, J. Ross, J. Lukas and D. Sexton, Process design and economics for the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to hydrocarbons: Dilute-acid and enzymatic deconstruction of biomass to sugars and catalytic conversion of sugars to hydrocarbons, DOE Technical Report NREL/TP-5100-62498, 2015.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Chronic toxicity studies: Effects of Urtica urens Linn. on hematological, biochemical and histo-pathological parameters in albino rabbits. |
| Country | : | Pakistan |
| Authors | : | Farah-Saeed || Mansoor Ahmad |
Abstract: The purpose of this research work was to explore chronic toxicity data on Urticaurens Linn (U. urens). To achieve this purpose 25 mg/kg/day dose of U. urens was given orally to test group albino rabbits (both sexes; UM: male test group treated with U. urens; UF: female test group treated with U. urens) for threemonths. The blood was collected by cardiac puncture and evaluation of hematological, blood and urine biochemistry of male and female test groups were carried out by comparing with their standard control groups respectively...........
Keywords: Biochemical evaluation,burning nettle,hematological parameters, histo-pathological evaluation
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[2]. I. Nencu , L. Vlase, V. Istudor, T. Mircea, Preliminary research regarding Urtica urens L. and Urtica dioica L, Farmacia, 63(5),
2015, 710-715.
[3]. Assessment report on Urticaeherba: Urtica dioica L.; Urtica urens L., herba (nettle herb), Committee on herbal medicinal products
(HMPC), European Medicines Agency, 2008.
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452-4.
[5]. National Research Council. Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 7th ed. Washington, DC, 1996, National Academy
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effect of Excipients on the Release of Simvastatin from Biodegradable Polymeric Implant |
| Country | : | Bangladesh |
| Authors | : | Salma Akter || Puspita Das || Swarnali Islam |
Abstract: The objective of the present study was to develop and evaluate a sustained release Gelatin-sodium alginate biodegradable polymeric implant containing Simvastatin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, which reduces low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Implants were prepared by heating and congealing method with different polymer ratios and excipients. Implants were hardened using crosslinking agent formaldehyde with varying exposure time. The implants were evaluated for thickness, weight variation, loading efficiency and in-vitro drug release studies.......
Keywords: biodegradable, gelatin, implant, simvastatin, sodium alginate
[1] K.D. Alekha, C. Greggrey, Cudworth, Therapeutic applications of implantable drug delivery systems, Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods, 40(1), 1998, 1–12.
[2] K. Kamala, R. Jhansi, T. Vijay, DK. MBaruah, Status of dyslipidemia management with Statins, in patients with known coronary artery disease confirmed by angiographic findings, Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 10(3), 2015, 49-52.
[3] T. Hakata, H. Sato, Y. Watanabe, M. Matsumoto, Effect of formaldehyde on the physicochemical properties of soft gelatin capsule shells, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 42, 1994,1138-1142.
[4] T. Salsa, M.E. Pina, JJC. Teixeira-Dias, Crosslinking of gelatin in the reaction with formaldehyde: An FT-IR spectroscopic study, Applied Spectroscopy, 50(10), 1996, 1314-1318.
[5] R.K. Purushotham, S.J. Jaybhaye, R. Kamble, A. Bhandari, S. Pratima, Designing of diclofenac sodium biodegradable implant for speedy fracture healing, Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 3(1), 2010, 330–337.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | The Prognostic Impact of Heat Shock Protein-70, IL-23 and IL- 17A Levels in Colorectal Cancer |
| Country | : | Iraq |
| Authors | : | Shahlaa M. Salih |
Abstract:Background: Cytokines play a pivotal role in the induction of host immune responses against tumor growth carcinoma and are involved in the development and progression of colorectal cancer in humans. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine Heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70), IL-23 and IL-17A levels in the development and progression of colorectal (CRC) cancer. Methods: A group of 40 patients and 20 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The quantitative determination of serum HSP-70, IL-23 and IL-17A were performed by ELISA...........
Keywords:Colorectal, HSP70, th17, IL-23 and tumor progression.
[1]. Kocsis,J., Madaras,B. Prohaszka, Z. Serum level of soluble 70-KD heat shock protein is associated with high mortality in patients with colorectal cancer without distant metastatic, Cell stress chaperones, 15(2), 2010, pp.143-151.
[2]. Trinchieri G. Interleukin-12: A proinflammatory cytokine with immunoregulatory functions that bridge innate resistance and antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Ann Rev Immunol, 13, 1995, pp.251–256.
[3]. Brunda MJ, Luistro L, Hendrzak JA, et al. Role of interferon-g in mediating the antitumor efficacy of interleukin-12. J Immunother, 17, 1995, pp.:71–77
[4]. Gri G, Chiodoni C, Gallo E, et al. Antitumor effect of Interleukin (IL)-12 in the absence of endogeneous IFN-g: A role for intrinsic tumor immunogenicity and IL-15, Cancer Res, 62, 2002, pp.:4390–4397
[5]. Oppmann B, Lesley R, Blom B, et al. Novel p19 protein engages IL
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Antioxidant Activities of Flavonoid Aglycones from Kenyan Gardenia ternifolia Schum and Thonn |
| Country | : | Kenya |
| Authors | : | E. Awas || L.K. Omosa || J.O. Midiwo || A. Ndakala || J. Mwaniki |
Abstract: Phytochemical investigation of surface exudates of the leaves of Gardenia ternifolia resulted to characterization of four flavonoids; 3,5,3′-trihydroxy-7,4′-dimethoxyflavone (1), 5,7-trihydroxy-4′- methoxyflavone (2), 5,7-dihydroxy-3,4′-dimethoxyflavone (3), 5,4′-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone (4) and two tritepenoids; β-sitosterol (6) and stigmasterol (7). Compound 1 exhibited the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 = 40.3± 1.55 μΜ. The rest of the flavonoids showed minimal activities with IC50 values of 75.5±1.75, 89±0.22, 94±0.11 μΜ for 2-4, respectively. The antioxidant activities of 1 was substantially lower than the standard, quercetin (IC50 = 20.1±1.34 M)...........
Keywords:Antioxidant activities, Gardenia ternifolia, surface exudates
[1]. J.O. Kokwaro, Medicinal plants of East Africa." Nairobi: Kenya Literature Bureau, 1993.
[2]. E. Hakizamungu, L. Van puvyelde, Wery, M, Screening of Rwandese medicinal plans for anti-trichoma activity, Journal Ethnopharmacology 36(2), 1992, 143-146.
[3]. D.M.N. Gakunju, E.K. Mberu, S.F. Dossji, A. Gray, R.D. Waigh, P.G. Waterman, W.M. Watkins, Potent antimalarial activity of the alkaloid nitidine isolated from Kenyan herbal remedy, Antimirobial Agents Chemotherapy 39, 1995, 2606-2612.
[4]. K.J. Achola, J.W. Mwangi, R.W. Muenenge, Pharmacological activities of Gardenia jovistonitis. Int. J. Pharm 33, 1995, 250-252. [5]. O. Silvia, S. Barbasa, A, Diniz, M.L. Valdeira, E. Gomes, Plant extract antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus types and African swine fever virus. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 35, 1996 12-16.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Histological Studies of Interstitial Cells in the Ovaries of Bats Hipposideros Speoris and Megaderma Lyra Lyra |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Nitin P. Meshram || Kishor S. Janbandhu |
Abstract: Bats are the most diverse and successful group of mammals exhibiting many adaptive specializations. Chiroptera shows great variations in the reproductive stage, even the closely allied species exhibit different breeding habits. It is important to study the reproductive organ that is ovary in respect with the interstitial cells. Because the interstitial cells with the help of LH of pituitary produce a hormone androgen. That means interstitial tissues are developed as a gland having steroidogenic activities. In the immature ovary of Hipposideros speoris, interstitial cells are not distinguished from the stromal cells while It is clearly distinguished from stromal cells.........
Keywords: Hipposideros speoris, Megaderma lyra lyra, interstitial cells
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[2]. Guraya SS (1967), Cytochemincal study of interstitial cells in the bat ovary. Natyze, 214 : 614-616
[3]. Guthrie MJ and Jeffers KRC (1938a) A Cytoclogical studies of ovaries of the bats, relyotis grisen cens and myotis lunifugus lucifugus. J Morph, 65.523-557
[4]. Mossman H W and Koering MJ (1964) Cyclie changes of interstitial gland tissue of the human ovary. American Journal of Anatomy, Vol. 115, Issue 2, page 235-255
[5]. Guraya SS and Green wolds GS (1964) A comparative histochimical study of interstitial tissue and follicular atresia in the mammalian ovary. The Anatomical Record, Vol 149, issue 3, 411-433