iosr-JPBS   Volume-12 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2017

Abstract: The export of poultry products contributes significantly in India's total export. As far as India's export of poultry products are concerned, exporting of dried eggs and liquid eggs contribute a substantial portion. India has been exporting poultry products such as eggs, preserved or processed egg products, processed poultry meat even live birds to rest of the world. The dried egg or powdered egg and preserved liquid egg are used as nutrient supplement and they are easily available at all seasons. There had been a fluctuating trend in the exports of dried and liquid eggs from India due to health factors associated with the poultry products. The availability of poultry equipment, feed additives, vaccines and pharmaceuticals in India has a good potential for exports.

Keywords: Exports, Poultry Products, Egg Powder, Liquid Egg.

Abstract: Leishmaniasis a vector- borne disease caused by obligate intra -macrophage protozoa, is characterized by diversity and complexity. Leishmania are one of different genera within the family Trypanosomatidae. Visceral leishmaniasis occurs universally, but >90% of the cases are in five countries: north-eastern India, Bangladesh, and Nepal in the Indian subcontinent, Sudan in Africa and north-eastern Brazil in South America. Sodium stibogluconate (Sb) has become ineffective in the 1990's in most of the high-burden areas and must be replaced. However, none of the traditional alternatives was satisfactory. Oral drugs are very suitable as the need for hospitalization and related costs are eliminated, home handling is possible, coverage and access is.......

Keywords: Leishmaniasis, Visceral leishmaniasis. Miltefosine

Abstract: Infection with Gastro-intestinal parasites usually linked with poor maternal technology couples low level of health education. The study was designed to determine the prevalence of Gastro-intestinal parasites infection among individuals attending Primary Health Care Centre in Girei and Yola metropolis from the month of June to September, 2015. Prior to the research, ethical clearance was obtained. Parasitological methods employed was formal ether techniques.A total of 162 study subjects were examined for Gastro-intestinal parasites, the overall prevalence is 33(20.4%). Of the sample examined, 6(3.7%) parasite species were identified. S.mansoni..........

Keywords: Gastro-intestinal parasites, Anti-parasites, S. mansoni,H. nana,Girei and Yola

Abstract: Mosquitoes are vectors for many pathogens with catastropic effects on global heath. A total of 1806 mosquitoes were sampled from earthen pots and examined under a microscope. Distribution of malaria vectors density by sites of location revealed that Mbamba Mission had a total malaria vector density distribution of 0.47(27.98%), Mopol Barrack, 0.37(22.02%), Upper Benue Staff Quarters 0.16(9.52%), Rumde Jabbe,0.33(20.00%) and Anguwan Fulani,0.35(20.83%). Mbamba Mission had the highest, malaria vector density while Upper Benue staff Quarters had the lowest. However a statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the distribution of malaria vector density based on location in the study area (p=0.199). Distribution of malaria vectors density according to months revealed that month of July had a total malaria vectors density distribution of 0.65(38.69%),............

Keywords:Distribution,Health , Malaria, Mosquitoes, Vectors

Abstract: Background: Dental abscess is frequently miscalculated in terms of its morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to screen for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the periodontal abscess. Materials and Method:Twenty five patients participated in the study.The pus was aspirated from the periodontal abscess with 22 gauge sterile needle and transferred into sterile eppendorf tubes. Isolation and identification of S. aureus was performed as per standard protocol. Results: S. aureus was isolated from 11 (44%) of 25 patients. All patients showed symptoms of chronic periodontitis. Conclusion:Periodontal abscess with the presence ofS.aureusmay result in substantial burden on individuals and the health-care system; hence, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are extremely important.

Keywords:Dental infection, periodontal abscess,Staphylococcus aureus,

Abstract: The study was carried out to determine the burden of intestinal helminth in Human Immuno Virus (HIV) – Sero positive patients in Braithwaite Memorial Hospital, Port Harcourt. About 120 subjects were sampled from those who are sero HIV-Positive, HIV positive but on drugs and full blown aids. Stool samples were collected from all the subjects in a clean wide mouthed container and sent to the Microbiology Laboratory for stool examination by Direct Smear and formol ether concentration methods. A total of 60(50%) patients were found to harbor intestinal helminths with Ascaris in 24(20%) patients, Hookworm in 17(14.1%) patients, Trichuris trichuria accounted for 11(9.79) while Strongyloides was found in 8(6.7%) of the subjects. The males subjects that haboured the helminths.........

Keywords: Antiretroviral drugs, infestation, Helminths, Immunity

Abstract: The anatomy of the arterial and venous vessels of the mammalian oviduct is well describedin women and in laboratory and farm animals. The arteries are derived from the ovarian anduterine stems; the relative contribution of these vessels, however, or variations in that contributionwith the menstrual or estrus cycle and/or gamete or embryo transport is unknown.

Abstract: The objective of the present study was to design and characterize pulsatile capsule device for Flurbiprofen using natural excipients. The Flurbiprofen fast disintegrating tablets (FDT) were formulated using superdisintegrants isolated from natural sources. Pulsatile capsules were designed using optimized Flurbiprofen FDT PO4 as core and with different natural materials i.e.,Chitosan, Guar Gum and Plantago Ovata husk as plugging materials in different amounts. Pulsatile capsules remained intact in acid buffer of pH 1.2 for 2 hrs due to enteric coating with hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose phthalate (HPMCP). In Phosphate buffer of pH 6.8, the enteric coat dissolved. The plug material swelled and ejected out of capsule body, thereby liberating the drug into the alkaline..........

Keywords: Flurbiprofen, pulsatile capsule device, plugging material, natural excipients, Rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract: A rapid and accurate UFLC method was developed for determination of scopolamine, hyoscyamine and lobeline in herbal cough mixture found in herbal product (BN) purchased from local market. Reversed phase chromatographic analyses was carried out under gradient conditions using column ACE, C18 (150 x 4.6 mm); packed with 5 μm diameter particles. The mobile phase was Acetonitrile (A) and (buffer was composed 0.1% phosphoric acid and 0.1% sodium lauryl sulfate in distilled water) (B). The gradient mobile phase was as follows: 35% (A): 65% (B) for 10 min; then 80% (A): 20% (B) for 12 min; then 35% (A): 65% (B) for 5 min. The flow rate was 2.0 ml/min. The injection volume was 20 μl..........

Keywords: UFLC, Alkaloids, Lobelia, Datura, Tinctures, Method validation.

Abstract: Schistosomiasis is a major disease of public health importance and is widespread in the tropics. This study was conducted in Numan LGA, Adamawa State to determine the prevalence and intensity of schistosomiasis. A total of 300 study subjects were randomly selected, each donating urine and stool samples which were examined for schistosomiasis using urine sedimentation for schistosomahaematobium and formal ether concentration method for schistosomamansoni. Of this number, 110(36.7%) were infected with S. heamatobium (males, 67(48.6%), females, 43(26.5%). Chi-square test indicated that, sex is associated with infection (p<0.05). Prevalence was highest in Gbalapun, 32(53.3%) with 84±0.86 eggs/10mls intensity of infection and there was significant difference..........

Keywords: Age, communities, Nigeria, occupational status, Schistosomiasis.

Abstract: Malaria and other mosquitoes borne diseases have caused a huge economic loss, mortality, low productivity and social discrimination. A total of 495 blood samples were collected from individuals within the study area and were examined for malaria parasite using a rapid diagnostic test strip, out of which 134(27.10%) were positive for malaria infection. Prevalence of malaria infection was observed to be more among males, 89(33.30%) compared to the female, 45(19.70%). The highest infection rate was recorded among subjects within age group 46-57, 3 (42.86) years, while 34-45, 4(12.10%) years old had the lowest prevalence rate. Prevalence of malaria infection based on location revealed that Anguwan..........

Keywords: Diseases, Malaria, Mosquitoes, Parasites, Prevalence,

Abstract: When fuels are burnt, various hazardous gases are released into the atmosphere. In particular, sulfur oxides released as a result of oxidation of organosulfur compounds present in fuels cause ill effects to humans, air pollution and are sources of acid rain. Hydrodesulfurization (HDS), a traditional process, is routinely employed to remove sulfur content from fossil fuels during oil refining. But, HDS is not effective in removal of sulfur content from all organosulfur compounds especially from heterocyclic organosulfur compounds like Dibenzothiophene. Biodesulfurization (BDS), which employs microbes is an effective and alternative method to HDS to remove sulfur from fossil fuels. The present paper deals with the influence of various metal ions on the growth and biodeulfurization efficiency of two Streptomyces species..........

Keywords: Biodesulfurization, Dibenzothiophene, Hydrodesulfurization, Metal ions, 4S pathway, Streptomyces.

Abstract: Azaindoles are an important class of nitrogen containing heterocyclics and were identified as the most active and potent classes of compounds with wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. They were extensively used as pharmaceuticals. Although the number of drugs are available in the market even though the search for new molecules is ever demanding. In present work various Azaindoles were synthesized and characterized using physical and spectral data. Finally, the Azaindole derivatives were screened for their In vitro antibacterial activity. Some of the molecules exhibited very good potency when compared with respective standards. The approach is very challenging and was found difficult to get a molecule with potency. Even though, the present molecules were provided novel leads against gram +ve and gram –ve bacteria.

Keywords: Azaindoles, antibacterial, gram +ve, gram –ve, heterocyclics, potent.

Abstract: Butterflies are regarded as one of the prominent bio indicators of the environment and have the second largest number of scaly insects; therefore they must be conserved for the betterment of the health of the habitats. During a 3 month study ( August 2016 – October 2016), a total of 306 individuals belonged to 22 species, 19 genera and 5 families of butterflies were recorded ( Table 1),of these 8 species belonged to the family Nymphalidae with a total of 149 individuals, 5 species belonged to the family Lycaenidae having a total of 47 individuals, 4 species belonged to the family Papilionidae comprising a total of 18 individuals, 3 species belonged to the family Pieridae with 72 individuals and 2 species belonged to the family Hesperiidae having a total of 20 individuals at Tatapani village, Balrampur District, Chhattisgarh. The butterflies were categorized into 3 groups, Very common-5 species ( 23% ) ,..............

Keywords: Butterflies, indicators, environment,Nymphalidae,Lycaenidae, Papilionidae, Peridae, Hesperidae, Shannon Wiener Index, Simpson index, Dominance Index and Margalef Richness Index.

Abstract: One of antioxidant sources is foods that contain peptides from enzymatic hydrolysis and/or fermentation by lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The availability of antioxidants in fermented food, particularly milk, is associated with the presence of LAB. Dadih is traditionally made by keeping the fresh raw buffalo milk in a bamboo tube capped with banana leaf and allowing it to ferment spontaneously at room temperature for two days. This research aimed to obtain bacteria from dadih with the highest antioxidants. Isolate Lac 3 and Lac 13 displayed the highest antioxidant activity, with inhibition capacity of 64.2% and 63.79% respectively against DPPH radical. The result showed that 6 best isolates (Lac 3, Lac 13, DS 6, DS 10, DS 12, and DS 14) were not significantly different. Lac 3 was found to be identical with Lactococcus lactic subsp lactic, while Lac 13 was identical with Lactobacillus plantarum with the percentage of similarity of 98% and 96% respectively. Lactococcus lactic subsp lactic displayed............

Keywords: antioxidant activity, dadih, lactic acid bacteria, milk

Abstract: Hypertension is a predominant public health challenge all across the globe. Presence of comorbid conditions and increasing age makes the management of hypertension complex. The objective of this study wasto assess the pattern of potential drug interactions in hypertensive outpatients. This was a prospective cross sectional study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in India. A total of 255 patients were enrolled and the list of drug interactions in them was analysed using drug interaction checker software. A total of 411 potential drug-drug interactions (PDDIs) were found, with an average of 2.36 drug interactions per patient. Of these, 55.47% were pharmacodynamic in nature and 40.87% were pharmacokinetic in nature. Amlodipine- Metformin was the most common drug pair causing drug interaction. The prevalence of PDDI among hypertensive patients in our study was high. Hence, early detection of harmful drug combinations and careful monitoring of these patients can prevent the occurrence of drug interactions..............

Keywords: Drug interactions , Hypertension, Hypertensive patients, Medscape drug interaction checker, Potential drug-drug interactions

Abstract: The use of bacteriophage to treat bacterial infection is a novel approach and is being seriously considered. Bacteriphage had the potential to kill the bacteria that causes infection in humans as well as agriculturally important plants and animals. Phage therapy is a form of biological control, the use of one organism to suppress another and reduction in the usage of chemical agents against pest species, which in the case of phage, means a reduction in the usage of chemical antibiotics. Brinjal plant is used for this phage therapy experiment; phage is isolated from the sewage and was confirmed by plaque assay method. Various concentrations of phages were treated with brinjal plant. Plant protected with phage injection exhibited no symptoms when compared to unprotected one............

Keywords: Bacteriophage therapy, Bacillus sp, Pseudomonas sp, Brinjal.

Abstract: This experiment was carried at the farm of College of Agriculture - The university of Baghdad during the summer season of 2016, to study the effect of foliar application of Humiforte at different concentrations (T0 = control (sprayed with water only), T1= 3 L/h, T2=5 L/h T3= 7 L/h and compare among three cultivated varieties of Sorghum bicolorunder foliarsprayed by Humiforte substance in two different dates by anatomical characteristics of stem epidermis and stem cross section. Study of this samples was by light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) was obvious that sprayed the plants by 5 L/h of Humiforte on the Giza led to diffused the prismatic crystals in the epidermis cells also appeared unicellular and uniseriate trichomes in the.............

Keywords: Sorghum bicolor,anatomical characteristics, Humiforte, Varieties