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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effet of Chlordecone on Rat Brain Parts Cnos Activity Livels in Vivo |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | B. Hemavathi, M.R.Rao, K.V.Kumari, P.S.Poornima |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09210105  |
Abstract: In view of the neurotoxic effects induced by chlordecone an attempt is made to study the in vivo effect of this organic insecticide on rat brain based nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity. Rats cerebellum, hypothalamus, midbrain, straiatum, hippocampus, cerebral cortex and medulla oblongate receiving sub-lethal and lethal doses of chlordecone showed decreased levels of their constitutive NOS activity and the changes were found to be statistically significant (p<0.001) over the control. Since cNOS activity in dependent on calcium / calmodulin, interaction of chlordecone with Ca²⁺/ CaM mediated events might be the reason for inhibition of cNOS activity of various brain parts of rats.
[2] Bansal, S.K. and Desaiah, D. 1982a. Chlordecone toxicity : Effect of with-drawal on ATPase inhibition. Fed. Proc., 41 : 1582.
[3] Bhaskar, L.V.K.S. and Rajeswara Rao, B.2000. Inhibition of rat brain nitric oxide synthase activity by phosalone in vitro. Bull. Pure. Appl. Sci., 19A (2) : 117-119.
[4] Bredt, D.S. and Snyder, S.H. 1989. Nitric oxide mediates glutamate - linked enhancement of cGMP levels in the cerebellum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA. 86 : 9030-9033.
[5] Bredt, D.S. and Snyder, S.H. 1990. Isolation of nitric oxide synthatase, a calmodulin - requiring enzyme: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.,USA, 87 : 682 - 685.
[6] Chighizola, C. and Meroni, P. L. 2012. The role of environmental estrogens and autoimmunity. Autoimmunity – Reviews – Elsevier
[7] Connor, J.C.O., Frame, S.R and Ladics, G.S 2002. Evaluation of a 15-day screening assay using intact male rats for identifying antiandrogens. SOC. Toxicology.
[8] Desaiah, D. and Koch, R.B. 1975. Inhibition of ATPase activity in channel catfish by kepone its reduction product. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 13 : 153-158.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effect of Growth Media and Incubation Time on the Culturability of Soil Bacteria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | C.B. Chikere, U. Udochukwu |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09210609 |
Abstract: The effect of growth medium and incubation time were investigated by determining the number of colonies that were visible on triplicate plates of three different media on daily intervals. The viable counts were significantly different between the three different media even after the first day and this continued for seven days. Colony counts on the three media reached their maximum on the third day of incubation. The use of Nutrient agar (NA) and Plate count agar (PCA) resulted in increasing counts with increasing incubation time respectively.
[2]. Bollmann, A., Lewis, K., Epstein, S S.; (2007): Incubation of Environmental Samples In A Diffusion Chamber Increases. The Diversity Of Recovered Isolates. Appl. Environ. Microbial. 73:6386-6390.
[3]. Buckley, D. H., Huangyutitham, V., Nelson, T. A., Rumberger, A.; (2006): Diversity of Planctomycetes in Soil In Relation To Soil History and Environmental Heterogeneity. Appl. Environ. Microbial. 72:4522-4531.
[4]. Eichorst, S. A., Brezenak, J. A., Schmidt, T. M.; (2007): Isolation and Characterization Of Soil Bacteria That Define Terriglobus Gen. Nov., In The PhyiumAcidobateria. Appl. Environ. Microbial. 73: 2708-2717.
[5]. Ferrai, B. C., Gillings, M. R.; (2009) : Cultivation of Fastidious Bacteria by Viability Staining and micromanipulation in a soil substrate membrane system. Appl. Environ. Microbiiol. 75: 33352-3354.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effect Of Bacteria Growth on the Biodegradability of Visco 2000-Sae20 (V20) and Super-V Sae 20 (S20) Engine Oil. |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | E. M. Omoghie, U. Udochukwu, A. O. Oshionebo |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09211014 |
Abstract: The biodegradability of petrol based engine oils produced by African Petroleum (AP) filling station was investigated for a period of twenty-eight (28) days. Two different samples of AP engine oils, Visco 2000-SAE20 (V20) and Super-V SAE 20 (S20)) were investigated. Soil from a mechanic workshop in Alakahia village near the University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria served as seed for the biodegradation. The study was carried out at room temperature (27-290C). The pH of the test systems ranged from 6.5 to 7.4. The counts on the first day were2.62x105 and 2.47 x105 for V20 and S20 respectively.Whereas the corresponding counts in 28th day were 2.70 x106 and 1.86 x106 in colony forming unit per milliliters (cfu/ml). The hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) isolated include Bacillus, Citrobacter, Micrococcus, Proteus, Pseudomonas, and Vibrio. The physicochemical analysis showed that nitrate, phosphate, sulphate, biochemical oxygen demand, (BOD), oil and grease content and total organic carbon (TOC) decreased with time. The rate of biodegradation between the two engine oils was in accordance with the normal growth rate for a close system.
[2]. Anthony and Okoh (2006). Biodegradation Alternative in the Cleanup of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollutants.Biotechnol. Mol. Biol. 1: 38-50.
[3]. Chaillan F., Chaineau C. H. Point V., Saliot A., and Oudot J. (2006). Factors Inhibiting Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Weathered Oils and Drill Cuttings. Env. Pol 144: 255-265.
[4]. Chaineau C. H., Rougeux G., Yepremian C. and Oudot J. (2005). Effects of Nutrient Concentration on the Biodegradation of Crude Oil and Associated Microbial Populations in the Soil.Soil Biol. And Biochem.37: 1490-1497).
[5]. Cheesbrough M. (2006). District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries.McGraw Hill Publishers, New York.pp 143-156.
[6]. Fought J. M. and Westlake D. W. S. (1988). Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Aromatic HeterocyclesByPseudomonas species. Can. J. Microbiol.34: 1135-1141.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | In Silico Molecular Docking Studies and Design of Dengue Virus Inhibitors |
| Country | : | Pakistan |
| Authors | : | Sehrish Ruba, Mahira Arooj, Dr. Gul Naz |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09211523 |
Abstract: Dengue fever is an infectious tropical disease which is caused by the dengue virus. Dengue infection is one of the most significant mosquito-transmitted infections which is common in >100 tropical and subtropical countries. Dengue fever is becoming a serious health risk these days and it shortly needs treatment against the increasing problems around the globe and the existence of resisting mutants of dengue virus. In this study the problem of designing an anti-dengue drug with more effectiveness has been solved by using computer aided drug designing. Computer-aided drug design (CADD) entails the use of biochemical information of ligand-receptor interaction sequentially to hypothesize the drugs refinements.
[2]. Siddiqui F.J; Haider S.R; Bhutta Z.A. Endemic Dengue Fever: A seldom recognized hazard for Pakistani children. Journal of Infections in Developing countries 2009, 3(4), 306-312.
[3]. Othman R; Kiat S.T; Khalid N; Yusof R; Newhouse E.I; Newhouse J.S; Alam M; Rahman N.A. Docking of Noncompetitive Inhibitors into Dengue Virus Type 2 Protease: Understanding the Interactions with Allosteric Binding Sites. American Chemical Society 2008, 48, 1582–1591.
[4]. Smit J.M; Moesker B; Rodenhuis-Zybert I; Wilschut J. Flavivirus Cell Entry and Membrane Fusion. Viruses 2011, 3, 160-171.
[5]. Noble C.G; She C.C; Chao A.T; Shi Y.P. Ligand-Bound Structures of the Dengue Virus Protease Reveal the Active Conformation. Journal of Virology 2011, 86(1), 438–446.
[6]. Tambunan U.S.F; Samira Alamudi S. Designing cyclic peptide inhibitor of dengue virus NS3-NS2B protease by using molecular docking approach. Biomedical Informatics 2011, 5(6), 250-254.
[7]. Sessions O.M; Barrows N.J; Souza-Neto J.A; Robinson T.J; Hershey C.L; Rodgers M.A; Ramirez J.L; Dimopoulos G; Priscilla L; Yang P.L; Pearson J.L; Garcia-Blanco M.A. Discovery of insect and human dengue virus host factors. Nature 2009, 458, 1047-1050.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Biodegradability of Visco 2000-Sae20 (V20) and Superv-Sae20 (S20) Engine Oils by Fungi Isolated From Polluted Soil |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | E. M. Omoghie, U. Udochukwu A. O. Oshionebo |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09212428 |
Abstract: Biodegradability of visco 2000-SAE20 (V20) and superV-SAE20 (S20) engine oils by fungi isolated from soil polluted soil was investigated for a period of twenty-eight (28) days. Two different samples of the engine oils; Visco 2000-SAE20 (V20) and Super-V SAE 20 (S20) were investigated. Soil from a mechanic workshop in Aluu community near University of Port Harcourt served as seed for the biodegradation. The study was carried out at room temperature (28-290C). The pH of the test systems ranged from 6.2 to 4.9 where the heterotrophic fungal count for the first day were 2.8x102 and 2.2 x103 for V20 and S20 the corresponding count in day 28 were 2.7 x104 and 4.2 x103 in colony forming unit per milliliters (cfu/ml). The hydrocarbon utilizing fungal isolates were identified as Aspergillus, Fusarium, Mucor, Penicillium, Rhizopus, and Saccharomyces. The physicochemical analysis showed that nitrate, phosphate, sulphate, biochemical oxygen demand, (BOD), oil and grease content and total organic carbon (TOC) decreased with time.
Key Words: Engine Oils, Fungi, Polluted Soil, Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD).
[2]. Anthony and Okoh (2006). Biodegradation Alternative in the Cleanup of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Pollutants.Biotechnol. Mol. Biol. 1: 38-50.
[3]. Chaillan F., Chaineau C. H. Point V., Saliot A., and Oudot J. (2006). Factors Inhibiting Bioremediation of Soil Contaminated with Weathered Oils and Drill Cuttings. Env. Pol 144: 255-265.
[4]. Chaineau C. H., Rougeux G., Yepremian C. and Oudot J. (2005). Effects of Nutrient Concentration on the Biodegradation of Crude Oil and Associated Microbial Populations in the Soil.Soil Biol. And Biochem.37: 1490-1497).
[5]. Cheesbrough M. (2006). District Laboratory Practice in Tropical Countries.McGraw Hill Publishers, New York.pp 143-156.
[6]. Fought J. M. and Westlake D. W. S. (1988). Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Aromatic HeterocyclesBy Pseudomonas species. Can. J. Microbiol.34: 1135-1141.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | A Detailed Sudy on a Rare Disease--: Charcot Marie Tooth (Cmt) |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Lokesh Ranjan Mondal, Raju Koneri, Nagarathna P K M |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09212939 |
Abstract: Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) syndrome is now understood as a genetically diverse disorder with at least 25 underlying gene mutations identified to date. These encode proteins in different locations (myelin, Schwann cells and axons) with different functions but share the common final pathway of axonal degeneration, with a predilection for the largest and longest fibers. The typical CMT phenotype involves distal limb muscle wasting and sensory loss, with proximal pr-ogression over time. However, disease course is varied, reflecting both genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity.
[2]. Dyck PJ, Lamber EH. Lower motor and primary sensory neuron diseases with peroneal muscular atrophy II: Neurogenic, genetic and electrophysiological findings in various neuronal degenerations. Arch Neurol 1968; 18:619-25.
[3]. Charcot-Marie-Tooth Association- personal inquiry. CMT International, 34B Bayview Drive, St. Catherine, Ontario, Canada L2N 4Y6
[4]. Jacobs H. The neuropathic foot. Albany: Albany Medical College, 1978;12:247.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Invitro and invivo cultivation of Pergularia tomentosa for cardenolides |
| Country | : | Egypt |
| Authors | : | M.S., Hifnawy, M.A. El-Shanawany, M.M., Khalifa, A.K, Youssef, M.H Bekhit, S.Y., Desoukey |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09214052 |
Abstract: The importance for the conservation of the Egyptian desert plant Pergularia tomentosa was encouraged after the isolation and identification of the highly stable and water soluble cardiac glycosides with very interesting pharmacological activities and wide safety margins. The study included agricultural and tissue culture experiments for the possible production of these important cardenolides in high concentrations. Calli formation and growth obtained from different explants were significantly affected by many factors tested.
[2] Mc.Guffin, M., Hobbs, C., Upton, R. and Goldberg, A. Botanical safety handbook. (American Herbal products associations [AHPA] CRC press.1997). 138 – 141
[3] Cheung, H.T.A. and Watson, T.R J.C.S. Perkin I. Stereochemistry of the hexosulose in cardenolide glycosides of Asclepiadaceae.1980, 2162 – 8
[4] Hifnawy, MS et al., Pergularia tomentosa cardiotonic activity of different extracts, fractions &isolated compounds IOSR journal of pharmacy and biological sciences, 9(1)Jan.2004
[5] Desoukey, SY, Hifnawy, MS, El-Hawary, SS Eldeen and Amer, Kh. F. M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University. 1998.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effects of Moringa oleifera Seed Oil on Acetaminophen-Induced Oxidative Stress and Liver Damage in Wistar Albino Rats |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Olatosin T. M., Akinduko D. S., Uche C. Z., Bardi J. |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09215359 |
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of Moringa oleifera seed oil against acetaminophen-induced liver injury. 24 male Wistar albino rats were distributed into four treatment groups of six animals each and treatment lasted for ten days. Group1 animals were the Controls while the group2 animals received acetaminophen dosage (1g/Kg body weight) only on the tenth day. Group3 animals received oral administration of Moringa oleifera seed oil (2ml/kg weight) also for 10days prior to being treated with acetaminophen (1g/kg body weight) on the tenth day. Group4 animals were administered only with the seed oil for ten days. Plasma activities of liver marker enzymes ALT and ALP were significantly lower (p<0.05) in animals pre-treated with Moringa oil.
[2] Jones AL. Anatomy of the normal liver. In: Zakin D, Boyer TD, eds. Hepatology: a textbook of liver disease, 3rd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1996:3–32.
[3] Navarro VJ, Senior JR (2006) Drug-related hepatotoxicity. N Engl J Med 354: 731-739.
[4] Musana KA, Yale SH, Abdulkarim AS (2004). Clinical Medicine & Research Volume 2, Number 2: 129-131. Full text articles available at: http://www.mfldclin.edu/clinmedres
[5] Teschke R (2009) Hepatotoxicity by drugs and dietary supplements: safety perspectives on clinical and regulatory issues. Ann Hepatol 8: 184-195.
[6] Greenhough S, Hay DC (2012). ―Stem Cell-Based Toxicity Screening: Recent Advances in Hepatocyte Generation‖. Pharm Med 26 (2): 85-89.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Transaminase [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] Activity of HIVFemale Patients on Drugs and Female Patients Not on Drugs |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | ODIBA, Arome Solomon, ONOSAKPONOMEIruoghene, IROHA, Okechukwu Kalu, UKEGBU, Chimere Young, OMEJE, Kingsley Ozioma |
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: | 10.9790/3008-09216065 |
Abstract: Elevated serum transaminase [alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)] levels have been reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). 100 female patients referred to Virology department of the Jos University teaching Hospital (JUTH), were randomly selected by their physicians on the basis of the following criteria: documented HIV infection, no alcohol abuse (≤ 20 g alcohol daily and no history of chronic alcohol consumption), no history of hereditary and autoimmune liver disease, no evidence of hemochromatosis. Patients with any contraindication for liver biopsy were excluded. Data on demographics, drug or alcohol use, and history of liver diseases were obtained at first visit. Subjects were then classified into control (30), HIV-infected; not on drugs (35) HIV-infected; on drugs (35);a month-by-month documentation of the prescribed drug combination for patients who started medication, provided an avenue for calculating each patient's individual cumulative drug exposure.
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