iosr-JPBS   Volume-9 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov-Dec 2014

Abstract: Background: Gaucher disease (GD) is the most common pan-ethnic inherited lysosomal storage disorder;it is subdivided into three typesandthe non-neuronopathic (type 1) is the most common type (93 %) in the western world. Gaucher disease (GD) produces a multisystem involvementand the most effective form of therapy inreversing the hematological and visceral manifestationsisenzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with recombinantenzyme imiglucerase. Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the outcome of enzyme replacement therapy in children with gaucher disease for 6 monthsin Children welfare teaching hospital Baghdad- Iraq.

Abstract: A six months' study was carried out to understand the present status of use of aqua-medicines and chemicals in aquatic animal health management of Shatkhira district of Bangladesh. Thirty small fish farms, fifteen commercial fish farms, twelve fish hatcheries and eight aqua-medicine companies were investigated out. Seven categories of aqua-medicines and chemicals were identified in the study areas that were used by small fish farmers, commercial fish farmers and hatchery owners produced by Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Noverties Animal Health, ACI Animal Health, SK + F Bangladesh Ltd., Acme Laboratories, Reneta and Eon Animal Health. In the investigated area various types of diseases such as bacterial infection, EUS (epizootic ulcerative syndrome), ichthyophthiriasis, argulosis, swollen abdomen, and white spot diseases were found to affect tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica), sharputi (Puntius sarana), rui (Labeo rohita), catla (Catla catla), mrigal (Cirrhinus cirrhosus), bagda (Penaeus monodon), golda (Macrobrabrachium rosenbergii) and silver carp (Hypophthalmicthys molitrix).

Abstract: Nine polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) degrading bacteria were isolated from oil field contaminated soil samples at Basarah city and automobile workshop sites at Babylon city. Isolation was occurred by enrichment procedure in crude oil as the sole source of carbon and energy. These isolates were screened for the biosurfactant production, three of them 1oil, 3H, and B23 which were found high active to utilize crude oil and biosurfactant production. Three isolates were characterized using morphological and biochemical tests to Bacillus spp. Three isolates showed the growths on mineral salts medium as the carbon source and energy as demonstrated by the increase in cells forming unit (CFUml) during the incubation period. Three isolates showed greater clearing zones (cm) on the modified oil agar medium. The three isolates were tested to producing biosurfactant by two assays (E24 assay and oil agar plate assay) these assays suggested that three isolates producing biosartactant. This study conclude the ability of Bacillus spp. isolated from oil contaminated soil to grow on the enriched media with the hydrocarbon as a sole source of energy with high potential capacity of oil degradation and Biosurfactant production.

Key word: Bacillus, Petrol, Biodegradation, Biosurfactant.

Abstract: The present communication is a part of survey being conducted for ethnobotanical studies of Samudrapur tahsil of Wardha district (MS). Seventy one plants of 38 families belonging to angiosperms were identified. These families includes Apiaceae (5), Fabaceae, Apocynaceae and Asteraceae (each 4), Acanthaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, Myrtaceae and Rutaceae (each 3), Anacardiaceae, Lamiacaeae, Tiliacaeae, Meliacaeae, Mimosacaeae, Solanaceae and Zingiberaceae (each 2), Araceae, Balanitaceae, Brassicaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Clusiacaeae, Combretaceae, Cordiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Lauraceae, Lythraceae, Malvaceae, Menispermaceae, Nyctaginaceae, Papaveraceae, Poaceae, Punicaceae, Rosaceae, Santalaceae, Saxifragaceae, Verbenaceae and Zygophyllaceae (each 1).

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is world's largest growing metabolic disorder and presently affecting a large population around the globe. The growing prevalence of diabetes in societies worldwide is widely recognized as among the greatest threats to global health in the coming century. DM is broadly divided in Type1 and Type 2. Type 1 is commonly seen in juveniles, characterized by failure to produce insulin due to autoimmune destruction of β-cells of the pancreas while type 2 is usually adult-onset and is associated with insufficient production of insulin and loss of responsiveness by cells to insulin.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Type-1 DM and Type-2 DM..

Abstract: The objective of this research is to determine in vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activities of G. parvifolia(Miq) Miqleaves. Methods: in vitro antiplasmodial test by microscopic and Malaria SYBR Green I-based Fluorescence (MSF) assay is indicated by the value of IC50; meanwhile, in vivo antiplasmodial assay used suppression method for 4 hours in P.berghei-infected mice. Leaves of G. parvifolia(Miq)Miq were extracted by means of chloroform and methanol solvent, and then the anti-plasmodium activity is tested in vitro by means of microscopic and Malaria SYBR Green I-based Fluorescence (MSF) methods. Results: In microscopic method, the value of IC50 was obtained from chloroform extract i.e. 33.17 μg/mL in D6 strain and 0.55 μg/mL in W2 strain. In Malaria SYBR Green I-based Fluorescence (MSF) method, the IC50 value was obtained from methanol extract i.e. 48.00μg/mL in D6 strain and 56.37μg/mL in W2 strain. In vivo assay found that chloroform extract had an ED50 value of 156.22mg/kgBW, stronger than that of methanol extract with an ED50 value of 412.92mg/kgBW. Conclusions: The study concludes that chloroform and methanol extracts of G. parvifolia(Miq) Miq leaves have anti-plasmodium activity against P. falcifarum culture of D6 strain, W2 strain on microscopic and Malaria SYBR Green I-based Fluorescence (MSF) methods just like in vivo assay in P. berghei-infected mice does. The assay found that chloroform extract has stronger anti-plasmodial activity than methanol extract.

Keywords: G. parvifolia (Miq)Miq leaves, in vivo antiplasmodial activity, in vitro antiplasmodial activity

Abstract:The present work was carried out to study the occurrence of Y. enterocolitica in different samples in and around Chandigarh, India. 495 stool samples from diarrheal patients were collected for bacterial isolation. To identify the bacteria belonging to family Enterobacteriaceae, the samples were cultured on MA (MacConkey Agar), XLD (Xylose lysine deoxycholate) and SS(Salmonella shigella) agar. The bacteria were then subjected to biochemical tests, biotyping and serotyping to identify the pathogenic and non pathogenic strains of Y. enterocolitica. The pathogenicity of the isolated pathogenic strains was cross-verified by rabbit ileal loop test. In the present study, 5 out of 8 isolated strains from human stool samples were shown to harbor the pathogenic strains of bacterium. These pathogenic strains belonged to the biotype 1B and serotype 7, 8-8-13-8, 19. The non pathogenic strains belonged to the biotype 1A and serotype 41, 42041,43. Futher, histopathological studies of infected intestines revealed destruction of villus architecture and mixed inflammatory cell infilteration. This is the first report of the prevalence of highly pathogenic strain of Y. enterocolitica 1B from stool samples in and around Chandigarh, India. This suggests that further studies are required to control the bacterial infection in this area.

Keywords: Bacteria, Biotype, Diarrhea, Serotype, Yersina enterocolitica

Abstract: Microbial properties have been reported to be useful indicators of soil quality and could possibly serve as assessment criteria of successful rehabilitation of ecologically disturbed areas. The purpose of this research is to characterize the microbial community in the soils of Godavarikhani open cast – III coal mine of the Singareni collieries to determine the dominant bacterial species. During this study, the soil samples were collected in different seams and the bacteria was isolated, identified biochemically and characterized by phylogenetic analysis using 16SrRNA sequencing technique. Three bacterial isolates, i.e. BDRC1, BDRC2 & BDRC3 were obtained by using LB agar medium culture. The isolates were identified morphologically, biochemically and also by phylogenetic analysis using 16SrRNA sequencing technique. The molecular identification of 16SrRNA gene sequences showed that the isolates had 99% similarity to genus Bacillus. The results showed that the strains were closely related to each other. These bacteria are common soil bacteria that are well characterized.The characterization of microbial activity holds potential as complementary criteria for evaluating rehabilitation progress on mine discard sites.

Keywords: coal mine soil; soil bacteria; 16s rRNA analysis.

Abstract: The herbal plants are predominately used in the field of bio medicine. Nardostachys jadamansi DC. is a perennial herb, belongs to the family of valerianaceae. The jadamansi plant roots have high potential anti-fungal, anti-microbial activity and rich antioxidant properties. The purified root product can be used for the treatment of cancer due to its tumor suppressive effect. Further jadamansi biopolymer has been synthesized from monomer of methyl methacrylate by radical polymerization technique. The biopolymer products are characterized through NMR, ATR-IR, UV-vis and Fluorescence measurement. The transparent polymer biocomposites product has high economic value and it taken short period of time for synthesized process. This biocomposites exhibited excellent anti-fungal activities in various fungal species. However, the final product of polymer biocomposites may be used in the treatment of several cancers.

Keywords: Nardostachys jadamansi DC., Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA), Biocomposites, Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

Abstract:Actinomycetes have the potential to produce most promising secondary metabolites like antibiotics, anticancer drugs, immunosuppressors and enzyme inhibitors. Out of 10 actinomycetes strains isolated from two different media, one predominant strain designated as CN-4 was chosen for bioactive metabolite production. The fermentation was carried out in 1L Roux bottles for 120 h at 30 °C. The culture filtrate (30L) was extracted twice with an equal volume of ethyl acetate, pooled and the organic layer was concentrated in a Rotavac. The deep brown semi solid compound was extracted for structural elucidation. GC-MSD Analysis revealed that strain CN-4 was produce 14 fractions. The structure of all these fractions was analyzed on the basis of GC- MSD analysis. Keywords: GC-MSD Analysis, Bioactive metabolites, Actinomycetes, Anticancer drugs.

Abstract: A Worldwide epidemic of cardio Vascular diseases are evolving out of which atherosclerosis appears to be the most frequent underlying cause. . Hyperlipidaemia, which is associated with hypertension and smoking have been recognised as independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and cause of death .The association between hypertension and dyslipidaemia is well established and both may add up to increase patients' susceptibility to the development of coronary heart disease. Different plasma lipid Although a genetic predis-position to atherosclerosis may be the cause but the vast majority of atherosclerotic related diseases including coronary Heart diseases are acquired and which usually associated with hypertension and smoking. Hypertension, the simply treatable risk factor of stroke and myocardial infarction. Cigarette smoking remain the most important cause of preventable morbidity and early mortality.

Methods: This study was conducted on three groups of male subjects each group containing 50 individuals of 45to 50 years of age weighing 50 to 70 kgs. .