IOSR-JBM   Volume-17 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2015

Abstract: Business organizations traditionally have had profit maximization as their main goal. Amongst the many market segments available, companies would identify the most profitable segments and would focus their resources towards serving these segments. The problem with such an approach is that it not only leads to inequality in the society but also exploits the resources at a rapid pace. However on the positive side, there are many significant business opportunities that arise from the need for creating socially valuable products and services. The objective of this study is to analyze how frugal innovation leads to sustainability. In this research we assume that frugal innovation leads to socio-economic growth and hence is the key driver of sustainable development. We have presented few case studies on frugal innovations and we have found out that a combination of meager resources and idealistic goals eventually lead to frugal innovation, which delivers sustainable development. We found that availability of meager resources and pressure on cost reduction forces organizations to innovate and create socially valuable products. We found that high quality products and services and affordable prices are not mutually exclusive and can co-exist. We found that frugal innovation is not limited to small companies only, but some of the biggest companies also practice frugal innovation.

Keywords: frugal innovation, idealistic goals, meager resources, socially valuable products, sustainability, sustainable development

[1]. BibekDebroy, Ashley J. Tellis and Reece Trevor, (2014) Getting India Back on Track, New Delhi, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace and Random House India.
[2]. NaviRadjou and JaideepPrabhu, 2013. Frugal Innovation: A New Business Paradigm. [online] INSEAD. Available at: < http://knowledge.insead.edu/innovation/frugal-innovation-a-new-business-paradigm-2375 > [Accessed 21 February 2015].
[3]. Kirsten Bound and Ian Thornton, 2012. Our Frugal Future: Lessons From India's Innovation System. [online] Nesta. Available at: < http://www.nesta.org.uk/sites/default/files/our_frugal_future.pdf > [Accessed 24 February 2015].
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Abstract: Women are increasingly recognizing the difficulties and constraints to maintain balance between their work and family life. Taking this importance into consideration, the study examined the issues towards WLB using a quantitative research technique. 185 women entrepreneurs were randomly selected from Chittagong. The result indicates that there are five factors of WLB namely role overloads, health related issues, dependent care, time management, and family and social support which are accountable for around 65 percent variance. Out of these five factors, work overload and dependent care issues are negatively related with WLB, whereas, health related issues, managing time, and family and social support have a positive relationship with WLB of women entrepreneurs. This finding implies that women entrepreneurs can focus on to reduce their workloads and managing dependent care issues, and improvement of their health, managing time properly and ensuring family and social support to maintain a balance between work and family life to survive, compete and make their business a success one. Therefore, result brings out implication for HRM practitioners, management consultants, and policy makers, association of women entrepreneurs, and academicians to use the dimensions of WLB to enable them to have a satisfactory level of WLB.(196 words)

Keywords: Work life Balance; Women Entrepreneurs; Bangladesh.

[1]. Afrin, S., Isla, N., and Ahmed, U., S. (2008). A Multivariate Model of Micro Credit and Rural Women Entrepreneurship Development in Bangladesh. International Journal of Business and Management, 3(8), 169-185.
[2]. Alam, S.S., Jani, M.F.M., & Omar, A.N. (2011). An empirical study of success factors of women entrepreneurs in Southern Region in Malaysia. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 3(2), 166-175.http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v3n2p166.
[3]. Amha, W., & Ademassie, A. (2004). Rural financial intermediation program and its role in strengthening the rural financial system in Ethiopia. Journal of Microfinance Development Review, 3(2), 230–365.
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[5]. BER (2011). Bangladesh Economic Review, Economic Division, Ministry of Finance, Government of the People‟s Republic of Bangladesh, Dhaka (In Bengali).
[6]. Bohle, P., & Tilley, A. J. (1989). The impact of night work on psychological well-being. Ergonomics, 32, 1089–1099.

Abstract: This research aims to find out the true extent of remittance utilization on household exploring through three factors: consumption, savings and finally investment. Furthermore, this research work seeks to identify the paradox between motivational aspects of migration and intends to locate the pathway for remittance utilization of household. We have found that migrants we have surveyed are middle aged, mostly illiterate with not much professional or technical training. Also, most of the migrants have utilized the remittance for increasing their well being and not much they have invested or saved in productive sectors.

Keywords: International migration, Migrant workers, National economy, Remittance, Socio-economic, Utilization

[1]. Agarwal, R., & Horowitz, A. W. (2002), "Are international remittances altruism or insurance? Evidence from Guyana using multiple-migrant households", World Development, 30(11), 2033–2044.
[2]. Richard H. Adams JR & John Page (2005),"Do International Migration and Remittances Reduce Poverty in Developing Countries?"World Development Vol. 33, No. 10, pp. 1645–1669, 2005
[3]. Harris, J., &Todaro, M. (1970)."Migration, unemployment and development: a two-sector analysis". American Economic Review, 60, 126–142.
[4]. Lucas, R. and O. Stark (1985), "Motivations to remit: evidence from Botswana", Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 93, 901-918.
[5]. Mahmood, R A(1996), "Immigration Dynamics in Bangladesh: Level, Pattern and Implications‟, paper presented for the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Dhaka.
[6]. Mahmood, R A (1998),"Globalization, International Migration and Human Development: Linkage and Implications"prepared for UNDP (Unpublished).

Abstract: While downsizing, understanding behavioral responses of the survivors are as important as the financial implications for the organization's future competitiveness. The purpose of this article is to understand the survivor syndrome and the recommendations needed to follow while downsizing i.e. before , at the time of downsizing and after downsizing practice implemented to manage the survivor insecurity and performance. This article explains the survivor coping strategies i.e. problem focused coping strategy and emotion focused coping strategy and their predictors like training, job stability, work overload, perception of fairness, attitude, participation decision making etc.

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Abstract: Succession planning can be defined as a purposeful and systematic effort made by an organization to ensure leadership continuity, retain and develop knowledge and intellectual capital for the future, and encourage individual employee growth and development. This paper introduces the topic of succession planning and suggests process for implementing a succession plan. It explores leadership challenges and highlights the elements of a successful leadership development program that uses technology to support processes and practices. It details the challenges organizations typically face when executing a business relevant talent management strategy. It provides foundation of an effective organization-wide talent strategy that provides a framework for selection, development, performance management, and succession processes. This study examines the issues that can arise when assessment and development are separate, explore the important advantages of integrating them, and present a framework for combining them. Keywords: Succession planning, Talent management, Strategic alignment, Assessment strategy, Development strategy, Leadership language, Leadership coaching, Leadership skills and Competence models.

[1]. P. Hersey and K. H. Blanchard, Leadership and the One Minute Manager, William Morrow, 1999
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[3]. Lombardi, Mollie (June, 2012) Assessments 2012: Predicting Productivity and Performance, Aberdeen Group
[4]. Smith, A. & Hall, E. (2014) Succeeding in an Organizational Structure from Outer Space: Essential Skills in the Matrix. Pittsburgh, PA: Development Dimensions International.
[5]. Wellins, Selkovits & McGrath (2013) Be Better than Average: A Study on the State of Frontline Leadership, Development Dimensions International with HR.com

Abstract: Total Quality Management (TQM) is comprehensive philosophy started in 1980s and implemented effectively around the world. Since industries of underdevelopment countries like Pakistan are motivated to understand and implement this doctrine to survive in global competitive environment either by adopting international standards or developing their national quality management frame work i.e Prime Minister Quality Award. This research project descriptively analyzed level of effectiveness i.e. positive or negative consequences of TQM theoretical perspective on textile dyeing operational levels in Pakistan. Internet based questionnaire was designed in online 'Google form application software' and distributed to textile companies through email addresses found on All Pakistan Textile Mills Association (APTMA) and All Pakistan Processing Mills Association (APPMA).

[1]. Wenk, C., Fern©Łndez, J. A., & Dupuis, M. (2000). Quality of Meat and Fat in Pigs as Affected by Genetics and Nutrition: Proceedings of the Joint Session of the EAAP Commissions on Pig Production, Animal Genetics and Animal Nutrition: Zurich, Switzerland, 25 August 1999: Enfield Pub & Distribution Company. Retrieved from http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=sI0LsiOxaXIC
[2]. Louis, K. S., & van Velzen, B. (2012). Educational Policy in an International Context: Political Culture and Its Effects: Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved from http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=PS7HAAAAQBAJ
[3]. Hoyle, D. (2009). ISO 9000 Quality Systems Handbook: Using the Standards as a Framework for Business Improvement (6th): Butterworth-Heinemann. Retrieved from http://books.google.com.pk/books?id=HWNWdBisJcoC
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[5]. Shafiq, M. (2012). Implementation of quality management systems and business excellence frameworks in Pakistani textile companies. Journal of Quality and Technology Management, 8(2), 11–23.

Abstract: An organizational structure consists of activities such as task allocation, coordination and supervision, which are directed towards the achievement of organizational aims. It can also be considered as the viewing glass or perspective through which individuals see their organization and its environment. The purpose of the study was analyze whether organizational structure has effects on hospitals' performance in Kenya in Thika Level 5 Hospital. The targeted population included the top management, middle management and operational level in Thika Level 5 Hospital a total of 200 employees. The data collection instruments were questionnaires which were self-administered. The data was analysed qualitatively and quantitatively and presented in tables and figures. The study found that organisational performance as put by 38% of the respondents is of very high effect on hospitals' performance in Kenya. The study concluded that every employee in the organization should be taken through organization behaviour and conduct. The study recommended organizational structure should be very clear, understandable, realistic and in line with the organizational objectives to ensure easier performance.

Keywords - Organizational Structure, Employee Job Performance

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[3]. Goelzer, P., 2004. "Corporate Culture and Organizational Effectiveness: Is Asia Different from the Rest of the World?" Organizational Dynamics, pp. 98–1 09
[4]. Silverthorne, P., 2004. Organizational linkage: The psychological of commitment, absenteeism and turnover. New York, Academic Press.
[5]. Nazir, N. A., 2005. Person – culture fit and employee commitment in banks. Vikalpa, 30(3), 39-51..

Abstract: Strategy is a bridge that connects a firm's internal environment with its external environment, leveraging its resources to adapt to, and benefit from, changes occurring in its external environment. Strategy is also a decision-making process that transfers a longterm vision into day-to-day tactics to effect the long-term plan. Marketing strategy is the marketing logic by which the business unit hopes to achieve its marketing objectives. In this research will focused on making strategic marketing plan for Aman Bank in Libya

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