IOSR-JBM   Volume-17 ~ Issue-4 ~ April-2015

Abstract: The past years, national and personal reasons to learn English language has significantly grown in China. This phenomenon had effects on the flow of International workers' migration in the mainland. Only few studies have investigated the process of foreign teachers' recruitment and deeply analyzed their motivations to choose a specific employer in China. Consequently this present study explores both sides' expectations, needs and realities all along the recruitment process. We identified the job seekers' profiles and analyzed the methods used by companies to attract and recruit foreign English teachers. Data were collected from exploration of previous studies, interview of recruiters in the field, examination of 500 Job Offers on the Internet and analysis of a questionnaire survey of 154 International English teachers using SPSS 16.0. Findings revealed that Chinese companies' original target only represent a small percentage of their employees.

1]. Raquel Moreau, The value of foreign language in Business Communication, Master diss., Johnson& Wales University, Providence, 2013.
[2]. KPMG, Infrastructure, Government, Healthcare. [On-line] Education in China, 2010. Available on kpmg.com/cn [visited on 12/12/2014]
[3]. Guangwei Hu, The People‟s Republic of China Country Report. English language teaching in the Republic of China. National Institute of Education, Master Diss. Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 2011.
[4]. Ross Rich, What skills do I need in a Recruiter: HR or Sales?, Selection Strategies, vol 3, 2004, 5 Available: http://www.selectionstrategies.com/PDFs/SSI_Article_Wha%C9a%20Recruiter.pdf
[5]. Jed DeVaro , Employer recruitment strategies and the labor market outcomes of new hires, IRL Collection vol.4-1, 2005, 57. Available: http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1107&context=articles
[6]. James A. Breaugh, Recruiting and attracting talent: a guide to understanding and managing the recruitment process (Alexandria, United States, SHRM Foundation, 2009).
[7]. Elfi Furtmueller, Using technology for global recruitment: why HR/OB scholars need is knowledge?, doctoral diss. University of Twente, the Netherlands, 2012.

Abstract: The peculiar agenda – 'Guru Smarana' (starting with Guru Pooja and Prayer) as the first item in the weekly Self Help Group (SHG) meeting creates a curiosity to know about the spirituality. Are the members spiritually empowered or not? If Yes - what is the impact and to what extent? Economic impact was mainly considered. By using a structured interview schedule with sixteen variables in a Likert scale, 397 samples were collected from North, Central and South regions of Kerala for measuring the spiritual empowerment and thirteen variables for the economic empowerment. The results show that the members are spiritually and economically empowered and correlation shows positive relationship. Regression analysis indicates the level of impact of spiritual empowerment (independent variable) on the economic empowerment (dependent variable) which is only 11% even after ten years of this regular practice. It clearly specifies that along with the spiritual empowerment , technical support and training for capacity building also needs to graduate the members to micro and macro entrepreneurs which is the ultimate solution for sustainable , inclusive economic development and can contribute towards today's slogan of 'Make in India'.

Key Words: Economic Empowerment, Micro & Macro Entrepreneurs Religiosity, Spirituality, Spiritual Empowerment

[1]. Cavanagh G, Spirituality for Managers: Context and Critique. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12 (3), 1999, 186 -199.
[2]. Brandt E, Corporate Pioneers Explore Spirituality. Human Resource (HR) Magazine, 41(4), 1996, 82-87.
[3]. Delbecq A. L, Christian Spirituality and Contemporary Business Leadership. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 12(4), 1999. 345-349.
[4]. DeNoble A. C, Galbraith G S, and Stiles C Market Justice, Religious Orientation and Entrepreneurial Attitudes: An Empirical Study. Journal of Enterprising Communities 1(2), 2007, 121- 134.
[5]. Galbraith C. S, and Galbraith D. M, An Empirical Note on Entrepreneurial Activity, Intrinsic Religiosity, and Economic Growth. Journal of Enterprising Communities People and Places in Global Economy, 1(2), 2007, 188-201
[6]. Kauanui S, Thomas K , Sherman C , Waters G , & Gilea M, Entrepreneurship and Spirituality: An Exploration Using Grounded Theory, International Council for Small Business. World Conference, Halifax, 2008
[7]. Champion P, One under god? Religious Entrepreneurship and Pioneer Latino Immigrants in Southern Louisiana. Sociological Spectrum, 23(2), 2003, 279-301.

Abstract: This study aim by the side of investigates the influence Information Technology (IT) on Entrepreneurial operational performance in Nigeria. The study examine (IT) perceptions about business benefits of Information Technology (IT) and provides an insight on the barriers for the adoption of Information Technology. the study was carried out in Lagos state with Two hundred (200) Questionnaires administered and distributed to the member of national association of small and medium businesses (NASMBs) across all the (20) Twenty local Council Development Area (LCDA) in Lagos state purposively. Sample was drawn from small and medium Business consisting of manufacturing, services businesses, printing businesses, food vendors and restaurants, business centers, and Artisan with employment capacity ranging from 2-30 employee.

[1]. Agboola, A.A. (2001) mpact of Electronic Banking on Customer services in Lagos, Nigeria, Ife Journal of Economics and Finance, vol 5, Nos. 1 and 2.
[2]. Ajayi et al (2009): PT business in Nigeria;challenges and opportunities,lanre@pinet.com.ng
[3]. Akande, O.O (2013): Effective Financing of Small/Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) as an Impetus for Poverty Alleviation in Nigeria: An Analytical Approach. International Journal of Economic and Development Issues. Development Universal Consortia. 5(1and 2), 1-13..
[4]. Akande and Yinus (2013): An Appraisal of the Impact of Information Technology (IT) on Nigeria Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Performance. International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM)Vol. x, No. x, Month Year, Page: x-y, ISSN: 2296-1747
[5]. Akande, O.O (2005): Effective Financing of Small/Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) as an Impetus for Poverty Alleviation in Nigeria: An Analytical Approach. International Journal of Economic and Development Issues. Development Universal Consortia. 5(1and 2), 1-13.

Abstract: The study aims to examine the role of creative economy in increasing community incomes, as well as its contribution to Gross Regional Product, and reviewing the type of creative economy developed to improve people's income. This study will be conducted in 9 districts in Takalar. Data collection techniques conducted with observation, interview, documentation, questionnaires, and Focus Grouf Discussion. The research population all of the creative industries of Small Medium Enterprises in Takalar during the year of 2011-2012. The sampling technique is determined in random by using proportion estimation sampling repetition (sampling without replacement) by setting the error rate of 5%. The method of analysis used in this study are: Validity and Reliability Test of Research Instruments and Descriptive Analysis.

[1]. Bapenas. 2005. Pemetaan Usaha Kecil Menengah. Ekonomi Bisnis Jawa Pos. Tanggal 8 Desember.
[2]. Bappenas.2004. Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Nasional.Kementrian Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional/Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional. Jakarta
[3]. Bilton, C. 2007. Management and Creativity: From Creative Industries to Creative Management Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
[4]. Bungin, Burhan. 2003. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif "Aktualisasi Metodologis Ke Arah Ragam Varian Kontemporer. PT. Raja Grafindo Persada Jakarta.
[5]. Direktorat Pemberdayaan UKM dan Koperasi. 2003. Survei Penilaian Usaha Dan Bisnis Development Service di Indonesia.

Abstract: This contribution basically focused the green baking practices in Bangladesh. This study is mainly based on secondary data discussing about the planning of the green strategic and implementation, the house activities, the activities of the mobile banking, the online banking activites, green financing, and some instructions for green banking practices. Green Banking is a modern concept of the banking business through considering the corporate social responsibility (CSR) as well as environmental issue. Nowadays, it is the most acceptable and popular practices of the green banking by banks because leads to competition of globally. On an average, bank is allocated Tk.2 billion for green banking in 2012. The concept of green Banking is relatively new in Bangladesh and yet to get momentum, but in the developing countries it is passing through a mature stage. The study concludes that green banking practices in Bangladesh is not satisfactory at all

Keywords: Green banking practices, Green finance allocation, Environmental issues, corporate social responsibility (CSR) and Online Banking etc.

[1]. Banks jump on "paperless banking‟ bandwagon, viewed January 05, 2013 <http://www.thefinancialexpress bd.com/>.
[2]. BB‟s green banking fund limping, viewed January 07, 2013, <http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/>.
[3]. BB ups interest rate for green banking, viewed January 21, 2013, <http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/>.
[4]. Blacconiere, W. and Dennis, P. (1993). "Environment Disclosure, regulatory costs and changes in firm values‟, Journal of Accounting and Economics, pp. 112-125.
[5]. Biswas, N. (2011). "Sustainable Green Banking Approach: The Need of the Hour‟, Business Spectrum,Volume-I, No.-1, January -- June 2011.
[6]. Chang, N. and Fong, C. (2010). "Green product quality, green corporate image, green customer satisfaction,and green customer loyalty‟, African Journal of Business Management, Vol. 4, No. 13, pp. 36–44.

Abstract: Small businesses often face a variety of problems related to their size. A frequent cause of bankruptcy is undercapitalization. This is often a result of poor planning rather than economic conditions. It is a common rule of thumb that the entrepreneur should have access to a sum of money at least equal to the projected revenue for the first year of business in addition to his anticipated expenses. MSMEs in India face a number of problems - absence of adequate and timely banking finance, non-availability of suitable technology, ineffective marketing due to limited resources and non availability of skilled manpower.

[1]. Sangita G. Patil, Dr. P.T. Chaudhari, "Problems of Small Scale Industries in India", International journal of Engineering and Management Research, Vol.4, Issue-2, April-2014, ISSN No. 2250-0758; pp. 19-21.
[2]. Dr. M.S.Vasu, Dr. K. Jayachandra, "Growth & Development of MSMEs in India: Prospects & Problems; Indian Journal of Applied Research; Vol:4, Issue-5, May 2014 ISSN-2249-555X.
[3]. Dr. A.S. Shiraleshatti; "Prospects and Problems of MSMEs in India- A study; International Journal of in Multidisciplinary and Academic Research (SSIJMAR); Vol. 1, No. 2, July-August; ISSN 2278-5973; pp. 1-7.
[4]. Rajib Lahiri; Problems and Prospects of Micro, Small and Medium enterprises (MSMEs) in India in the era of Globalization; www.rtc.bt/Conference/2012-10…/6
[5]. Dr. Padmasani, S.Karthika; A study on Problems and Prospects of Micro, Small and Medium scale Enterprises in textile Exports with special reference to Tirupur and Coimbatore district; IJAMBV; Volume 1, Issue 1; Oct-Dec. 2013; ISSN 2348-1382.

Abstract: Vision 2030 has emphasized the importance of SMEs in Kenya. Small and Medium Enterprises are noted as a crucial catalyst for achieving vision 2030. This research on the effects of Microfinance institutions` on financial performance of small and medium enterprises was done in Machakos town, where the general objective of the research was to determine whether there was any significant effect of Microfinances` products on the financial performance of small and medium enterprises in Machakos town. Descriptive research design was employed since the researcher collected information through descriptions and this design is also useful for identifying variables and hypothetical construction.

[1]. Boter, H. (2005). SME perspectives on business support services: The role of company size, industry and location. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, vol.12 244‐ 258.
[2]. Bowen, M and Makarius, M. (2009). Management of business challenges among small and micro enterprises in Nairobi Kenya. Nairobi, Kenya. Longhorn Publishers.
[3]. Burns & Grove (2001). Validity and Reliability. Retrieved on 27th January, 2013 from <http://hsc.uwe.ac.uk/dataanalysis/quantissuesvalid.asp>.
[4]. Cheston & Kuhn, L ( 2002). Empowering woman through microfinance, UNIFORM.
[5]. Chi N & Lin C.(2008). Does training facilitate SME's performance? The International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 19, 1962‐1975.
[6]. Christen R, and Rosenberg R. (2000). The Rush to Regulate: Legal Frameworks for Microfinance. Washington DC: Occasional Paper CGAP.

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to assess the influence of cross borrowing on financial performance of Savings and Credit Co-operatives (SACCOs) in Eldama Ravine Sub-County. The specific objectives of the study were to assess the effect of adverse selection and credit policies on financial performance of SACCOs. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The target population of the study comprised 150 Board members, SACCO unionizable staff and SACCO management staff. Stratified random sampling was used to obtain a sample size of 107 respondents. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20. From the analysis, adverse selection was found to strongly influence financial performance than credit policy. Since adverse selection was a significant factor, SACCOs should share credit information between themselves and with other lenders. They should also update their credit policies and develop enhanced strategies to mitigate risk associated with credit policy.

Key Words: Cross Borrowing, Information Asymmetry, Credit Policy, Inflation, Adverse selection, Financial Performance

[1]. Aghion, A. & Morduch, H. (2005). The Economics of Microfinance . Cambridge: MIT Press.
[2]. Akerlof, G. (1970). The Market for Lemons: Quality Uncertainty and the Market Mechanism. Quartely Journal of Economics, 84 (3), 488-500.
[3]. Andreu, M. Michael, D & Green, R. (1995). Microeconomic Theory. Oxford University Press.
[4]. Artzner, P. & Delbaen, F. (1995). Measuring LGD on Commercial Loans. The RMA Journal, 9, 16-28.
[5]. Boiwa, W. & Bwisa, H. (2014). Effects of Multiple Borrowing on the Living Standards of Microfinance Clients at Kenya Women Finance Trust. International Knowledge Sharing Platform, 4 (9), 2225-0565.
[6]. Burki, H. (2010). Microcredit Utilization: Shifting from Production to Consumption. Pakistan Microfinance Network.
[7]. Chien, T. & Danw, S. (2004). Performance Measurement of Taiwan Commercial Banks. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 53 (5), 425-434.

Abstract: As the competitive environment becomes more turbulent, the most important issue the sellers face is no longer to provide excellent, good quality products or services, but also to keep loyal customers who will contribute long-term profit to organizations. CRM as a business strategy identifies, cultivates, and maintains long-term profitable customer relationships. This study therefore sought to explore the influence of CRM strategies on the performance of synthetic hair manufacturers in Kenya. The objectives of the study were to: establish the influence of service quality on performance of synthetic hair manufacturing firms in Kenya, to determine the influence of process automation on performance of synthetic hair manufacturing firms in Kenya, to find out the influence of customer orientation on performance of synthetic hair manufacturing firms in Kenya and to identify the influence of sales force involvement on performance of synthetic hair manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive research design. The study targeted 90. The study used self-administered questionnaire as instruments of data collection. The researcher used the SPSS to perform the analysis. Keywords: Customer Loyalty, Customer Relationship Marketing, Organizational Performance Hair Industry

[1]. Andaleeb, S. S. (2006). An Experimental Investigation of Satisfaction and Commitment in Marketing Channels: The Role of Trust and Dependence. Journal of Retailing, 72, 1, 77-93..
[2]. Body, L., &Limayem, M. (2004),The Impact of Customer Relationship Management on Customer Loyalty. NY: Awright.
[3]. Bryman (2008). Social Research Methods. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
[4]. Buttle, F. (2004), Customer Relationship Management: concepts and tools, Oxford: Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
[5]. Cai, J. Y. & Zhang, D. L. (2008). Business Performance Management Concepts, Methods, and Applications, Beijing: Tsinghua University Press
[6]. Camp, W. G. (2001). Formulating and evaluating theoretical frameworks for career andtechnical education research. - Journal of Vocational Education Research, Vol. 26, No 1.

Abstract: CSR is the positive activity which is performed by any company, business or organization that affects the employees, society, local authorities, environment and economy positively. This responsibility is performed to gain the trust, respect and confidence from all the shareholders, employees, government, society and potential investors. It is a motive learning and engagement of employees, directors and all stakeholders in helping others and in development of the society. It is a wider term with respect to what is considered in India. It leads the organization to have sustainable growth and development of organization, society and the whole economy.

[1]. Donaldson, T. and Preston, L. 1995. The stakeholder theory of the corporation: Concepts, evidence, and implications, Academy of Management Review, 20: 65-91.
[2]. Freeman, R.E. 1984. Strategic management: A stakeholder perspective, Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
[3]. Trust and Corporate Social responsibility: Lessons from India by Ashwani Singla, Chief Executive Officer, & Prema Sagar, Founder & Principal, Genesis Public Relations Pvt. Ltd.
[4]. Khanna, Parrul & Gupta, Gitika. (2011). Status of Corporate Social Responsibility: in indian context. APJRBM, Volume 2, Issue 1, ISSN. 2229-4104.
[5]. The Economic Times (Dec 20, 2012). "Corporate Social Responsibility should be sustainable" The Economic Times (21 Oct. 2012)."CSR: A Cloak for Crooks".
[6]. Chaturvedi, Anumeha. (2013). "Companies give employees a nudge for corporate social responsibility". The Economic Times (11 Jan.2013)

Abstract: This study examined the factors affecting the accuracy of financial reports in listed banks in Kenya. The theoretical review of the study examined the concept of financial reports, financial reporting and financial reporting quality. The theoretical framework of the study was based on the positive accounting theory, agency theory, stakeholder's theory and signaling theory. The study was based on a descriptive research design. A sample size of 164 respondents was involved in the study. Questionnaires were used to collect data and analyzed using SPSS version 21.The users' knowledge of computerized software was found to affect the quality of the financial reports generated and was the most significant metric in the way computerized accounting affecting financial statement accuracy. The staff professional exposure and bank's internal training also significantly affected the financial reporting accuracy. The study recommended that commercial banks should put an emphasis on training of the finance staff on the usage of the computerized accounting softwares through seminars, training, conference and peer reviews. The study also recommended strengthening of the internal audit committee to be able to check on the top management especially in the context of increasing bank leadership with considerable shareholding in the banks.

[1]. Abdul-jabbar, H., & Pope, J. (2008). The effects of the self-assessment system on the tax compliance costs of small and medium enterprises in Malaysia. Journals in Business & Management, 3(4), 289–307.
[2]. Abdulrazak, M. (2013). The Effect of Adopting International Fiancial Reporting Standards on Quality of Accounting Reports of Small and Medium Enterprises in Nairobi County. International Journal of Business and Management, 2(4), 17–25.
[3]. Alloyo, P. (2013). The Effect of Credit Reference Bureaus on the Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2(2), 30–31.
[4]. Barako, D., Hancock, P., & Izan, H. (2013). Relationship Between Corporate Governance Attributes and Voluntary Disclosures in Annual Reports; The Kenyan Experience. Journal of Management and Business Studies.
[5]. Central Bank of Kenya, . (2014). Central Bank of Kenya Bank Supervision Annual Report 2013.