IOSR-JBM   Volume-17 ~ Issue-5 ~ May-2015

Abstract: The study investigated the differences in performance in mathematics between students who study through boarding schools and those who study through non boarding schools in the province of Manicaland. The period that was examined by the researchers was at least ten years after obtaining political independence. The seven districts of Manicaland were compared on ten variables. The study revealed that students who studied through boarding schools outperformed their colleagues who studied mathematics through non boarding schools. The study concluded that the differences in performance were due to the better study atmosphere at boarding schools. The students at boarding schools also had adequate resources and time for study without the burden of extra household duties at home. The study recommended that the Ministry of Primary and Secondary Education, in collaboration with school authorities and parents of students at non boarding schools provide adequate resources, a conducive study environment after normal school hours and adequate study time for students to improve on mathematics..

[1]. Albert, M. and Hahnel, R. (1991) The Political Economy of Participatory Economics. Princeton: Princeton University
[2]. Alexander, Simmons, J. (1975) The Determinants of School Achievement in Developing Countries: The Education Production Function. Washington DC: IBRD
[3]. Bowles, S (1980) "Education, Class Conflict and Uneven Development" In Simmons (ed) The Education Dilemma. Policy Issues for Developing Countries in the 1980s. Oxford. Pergamom
[4]. Bowman, M.; Millot, B. and Schiefebein, E. (1986) The Political Economy of Higher Education, Studies in Chile, France and Malaysia. EDT Discussion Paper N030 Washington, DC
[5]. Carnoy et al (1982) "The Political Economy of Financial Education in Developing Countries". In Financing Educational Development. Proceedings of an International Seminar held in Mount Sainte Marie, Canada. 19 – 21 May 1982, Ottawa: International Development Research Centre.

Abstract: The study investigated gender inequalities in educational provision in the province of Manicaland. Focus was on the differences in performance between boys and girls in mathematics as well as the disparities between male and female head teachers in both primary and secondary schools. The period that was examined by the researchers was at least ten years after obtaining political independence. All the primary schools (773) and secondary schools (248) were studied. Secondary data on the above mentioned variables were collected from the Ministry of Education and Culture's head office, Regional offices in Mutare and the Examination Branch in Harare. Some data were collected from the Central Statistical offices. Measures of educational disparities included location quotients and percentages. The study revealed that there were significant differences in the performance between boys and girls, with boys outperforming girls. The study also revealed that there were significantly lower numbers of female heads of schools in most districts. The study recommended that the government should collaborate with parents and other stakeholders to invest more in educating the girl child. The study also recommended that the government should institute deliberate policies to increase the numbers of female heads of schools.

[1]. Albert, M. and Hahnel, R. (1991) The Political Economy of Participatory Economics. Princeton: Princeton University

[2]. Alexander, Simmons, J. (1975) The Determinants of School Achievement in Developing Countries: The Education Production Function. Washington DC: IBRD

[3]. Bowles, S (1980) "Education, Class Conflict and Uneven Development" In Simmons (ed) The Education Dilemma. Policy Issues for Developing Countries in the 1980s. Oxford. Pergamom

[4]. Bowman, M.; Millot, B. and Schiefebein, E. (1986) The Political Economy of Higher Education, Studies in Chile, France and Malaysia. EDT Discussion Paper N030 Washington, DC [5]. Carnoy et al (1982) "The Political Economy of Financial Education in Developing Countries". In Financing Educational Development. Proceedings of an International Seminar held in Mount Sainte Marie, Canada. 19 – 21 May 1982, Ottawa: International Development Research Centre.

Abstract: Workplace Environment that attracts, keep and motivate its Employees is considered the best one. Today's workplace is persistently changing. Sound workplace environment lead to employees' satisfaction which in turn helps to increase the productivity of the any Organization. The purpose of the present work is to study analytically the workplace environment in IT companies and its impacts on employee's performance and then ranking of the Companies. To analyse the workplace environment in IT sector various factors are involved like Physical, Economic, Behavioural and Motivational. This paper aims to explore the relationship between workplace environment and ranking of the top-10 listed IT companies in terms of Physical, Economic, Behavioural and Motivational factors using combined AHP-TOPSIS approach. Primary data were collected through the standard questionnaire from the employees of IT Companies.

[1]. Yi. Li., Empirical study of the impact of physical environment on the employees performance, in proceeding of Emergency
Management and Management Sciences (ICEMMS), 2011 2nd IEEE International Conference, August, 8-11, 2011, Beijing, China
Available : IEEE Xplore, http://www.ieee.org.
[2]. Ambreen Saleem et al., Impact of Internal Physical Environment on Academicians Productivity in Pakistan, European Journal of
Business and Management, 4(2), 2012, 43-62.
[3]. McGuire David and McLaren Lauren, The impact of physical environment on employee commitment in call centres: The mediating
role of employee well‐being, Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 15, (1/2), 2009, 35 – 48.
[4]. Jacqueline C. Vischer, The effects of the physical environment on job performance: towards theoretical model of workspace stress,
Stress and Health, 23 (3), 2007, 175-184.

Abstract: Business model describes the method or means by which a company tries to capture value from its business which may be based on many different aspects. In Malaysia, the number of private medical facilities experienced the highest growth from 50 to 209 from 1980 to 2012 and there was a limited study that had been conducted on the expansion of new private hospitals.After receiving the license to operate the inpatient services in January 2015, HospitalA started with 56 beds, increased to 82 beds in 2007 and further increased to 105 in 2009. By expanding in stages this hospital generated RM 19.5 million in 2005, increased to RM 60.8 million in 2006 and increased further to RM 66.3 million in 2007. Hospital A recorded losses of RM 5.3 million in 2005, reduced to RM 370,398 in 2006 but recorded a profit of RM 2.9 million in year 2007

[1]. Ansoff. 1965. Corporate Strategy. New York : McGraw Hill.
Berkshire strategic LLC .History of business strategy (online).http://www.berkshirestrategic.com/site/defining-strategy-history-of-
business-strategy(2 April 2012)
[3]. Chandler.1962. Alfred Strategy and Structure: Chapters in the history of industrial enterprise, doubleday. New York
[4]. Dikmen, I. 2010. Using analytic network process to assess business failure risks of construction firms. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management.17(4) : 369-386
[5]. Drucker , P. 1954. The Practice of Management. Harper and Row : New YorkJohnson.and Scholes.1996. What is strategy (online).
http://www.tutor2u.net/business/strategy/what_is_strategy.htm

Abstract: In current market scenario electrical wire and cable market is very competitive. Number of branded as well as unbranded players is available in this competitive market. The current research is based on consumer attitude and awareness towards branded electrical wire and cable. The objective of this paper is to gauge the factors affecting purchase decision of consumers. Researcher has studied the consumer attitude and awareness with sample size of 50 consumers of electrical wires and cable by conducting survey through questionnaire in jalgaon. A study is based on primary sources of data which is collected by distribution of close ended questionnaire. Keywords: Electrical wire and cable market, Brand, consumer attitude, consumer awareness.

[1]. Aaker. (1991). Managing Brand Equity: Capitalizing on the Value of a Brand Name. The Free Press. New York, NY.
[2]. Ambler.(1992). Need-to-know Marketing. Century Business. London.
[3]. Article on "enormous growth awaits wire and cable industry "by metal world research team. July 2012.
[4]. Article in Times of India "Wires and cable industry" may 7, 2012
[5]. www.netscribes.com – electrical wire and cable market india report,2014
[6]. Reports on india power cable industry by big strategic management consultant 2010.
[7]. C.R.Kothari, Research methodology: methods and techniques,VishwaPrakashan,NewDelhi,1999,pp.21-151

Abstract: Process mapping in healthcare has Evolved as mechanism of reviewing the complex processes holistically. When done at initial stages, it helps in visualizing the processes by identifying the sequence of events, work responsibilities, operational decisions involved & as the process grows organically over a long period of time, it acts as a technique of identifying the bottle necks areas, thereby aids in further streamlining of the processes. Blood bank is an area involving multiple sub-process & inter-departmental interactions .Efficient working of which is of utmost importance for timely provision of compatible blood and its safe and appropriate use. Process mapping of such an area helps in detection and prevention of errors, risk control thus leading to implementation of improved and efficient processes. Process maps also acts as blueprints for developing standard operating procedures (SOPs) in the department, which form an important part of Quality Management System (QMS) in hospitals.

Keywords: Blood products, Component separation, Decision Points, Donors, Whole blood

[1]. Timothy M Trebble, Navjyot Hansi, Theresa Hydes, Melissa A Smith, Marc Baker, Process mapping the patient journey through healthcare : an introduction, British medical journal, DOI: 10.1136/bmj.c4078, 2010, 341.
[2]. Savory P, Olson J, Guidelines for using process mapping to aid improvement efforts, Hospital Material Management Quaterly.22(3),2001,10-16.
[3]. Taylor AJ, Randall C. Process mapping: enhancing the implementation of the Liverpool care pathway. Int J Palliat Nurs ,13, 2007,163-7.
[4]. Ben-Tovim DI, Dougherty ML, O'Connell TJ, McGrath KM. ,Patient journeys: the process of clinical redesign. Med J Aust, 18(suppl 6),2008, S14-7
[5]. K.V. Ramani, Dileep V. Mavalankar, and Dipti Govil, Study of Blood-transfusion Services in Maharashtra and Gujarat States, India, J Health Popul Nutr , 27(2), 2009, 259-270.

Abstract: This study was conducted to describe patient satisfaction towards out patient healthcare services at D.N.Dey Homeopathy Medical College Hospital (DNDH) and Pratap Chandra Memorial Homeopathy Medical College & Hospital (PCMH) in Kolkata, India. Sample size was 200 and data was collected by self-administered questionnaire. The main factors are socio-demography, accessibility, past experience and patient satisfaction. Chi-square test was performed to analyze association (p value=0.05). Later degree of association within the factors was obtained by correlation coefficient. Regression Analysis and Factor Analysis were also performed. Recommendation for improvement in level of patient satisfaction was made.

Key Words: Outpatient department, satisfaction, accessibility, socio-demography.

[1]. World Health Organization. Formulating strategies for health for all by the year 2000. Geneva: The Organization; 1979. Health for all series no.2
[2]. Fitzpatrick R. Surveys of patient satisfaction: Important general considerations. British Medical Journal. 1991; 302: 8870-9.
[3]. Abdul Kareem A, Aday LA, Walker GM. Patient Satisfaction in government health facilities in the state of Qatar. J community Health 1996 Sct; 21(5): 349-58.
[4]. Anjum J. Patient satisfaction towards out patient department services in Pakistan Institute of Medical sciences, Islamabad.
[5]. Sita RD. Consumer‟s Satisfaction toward health care services provided by health center in Muang district, Loei Province, Thailand.

Abstract: This paper investigates the impact of national security on foreign direct investment (FDI) in Nigeria within the period of 1999-2013. The eclectic paradigm which is a combination of other models such as location-specific and internationalization were used to measure the level and pattern of FDI in Nigeria. Adopting data from Central Bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin within the period under review, the descriptive statistics was employed in the data analysis. It was found out among others that national security remains one common and major factor hindering the growth of FDI in Nigeria within the period under review.

[1]. G. Otto, & U.I. Ukpere, National Security and Development in Nigeria, African Journal Business Management 6 (23), 2012, 6765 – 6770.
[2]. B.A. Jackson, L. Dixon, & V.A. Greenfield, Economically Targeted Terrorism. A Review of the Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 3(13), 2007, 234-275.
[3]. J. McKenna, Implications of Transnational Terrorism on International Trade, (2005, available at http://www.econ.duke.edu/dje/2006/McKenna.pdf, Retrieved 24th February, 2015).
[4]. O. Dickson, and O. Presley, The Impact of National Security on Foreign Direct Investment in Nigeria: An Empirical Analysis, Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 3(13), 2012, 88-96.
[5]. M.A. Adebakin, and L. Raimi, National Security Challenges and Sustainable Economic Development: Evidence from Nigeria, Journal of Studies in Social Sciences, 1 (1), 2012, 1-30.

Abstract: This study attempt to examine the impact of rural enterprise development on income and employment generation in Nigeria (with Rivers State as a case study). Using purposive sampling technique, 12 rural communities were selected from 6 Local Government Areas in the study area while 25 copies of the questionnaire were distributed from each of the 12 communities selected making it a total of 250 respondents. The descriptive method of data analysis was used in analyzing the primary data collected. Result from the study among other things shows that high level of illiteracy among respondents which has its impact on respondent effort to access finance with the attendant effect on rural enterprise.

[1]. S.O. Akinmulegun, Government and Poverty Alleviation in Ondo State Nigeria, International Conference on Economic, Finance and Management Outlooks, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 2014.
[2]. K. Asaju, S.O. Adagba, and T.J. Kajang, The Efficacy of Fiscal Policy in promoting Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction in Nigeria, Research in World Economy, 5(1), 2014, 33-44.
[3]. G. Otto, Urbanization in Nigeria: Implications for Socio-economic Development, Journal of Geographic Thought (JOGET), 9(1), 2008a, 234-241.
[4]. NBS AND SMEDAN, Survey Report on Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Nigeria: Preliminary Report. The 2010 National MSME Collaborative Report.
[5]. E.C. Onyenechere, The effect on women informal economic activities of reduction on poverty in Imo State. In: U.M. Igbozunike (Ed.), Rural Poverty in Nigeria (Owerri: Cape Printer and Publishers International, 2008).

Abstract: The article presents a study which aims to analyze the role of Information Technology (IT) in the banking industry. After Liberalization the IT and communications networking system is set to change the operating environment of banks drastically. Technology has already enabled some of the banks to introduce innovative products to their customers in the form of ATM facility, mobile banking, home banks etc. With the use of technology there had been an increase in penetration, productivity and efficiency. It has not only increased the cost effectiveness but also has helped in making small value transactions viable. The changing brought about by IT, new products, more sophisticated customers, high-end services, changing cost structures, and enhanced competitive pressures have all combined to transform the structure of the banking industry.

[1]. Nair, K.N.C., ―Technology in banking ―a strategic differentiator‖, Chartered Financial Analyst, 2006
[2]. T.Lokeswara Rao, Prof.G.Tulasi Rao, (M.Phil thesis 2007) topic ―Consumer perception towards banking services‖ from SV University Tirupati.
[3]. Ashok Bhattacharya, ―Technology in banking ―a strategic Resource‖ Chartered Financial Analyst, 2006 [4]. Nair, K.N.C., ―Technology in banking ―a strategic differentiator‖, Chartered Financial Analyst, 2006
[5]. Arvind Sharma,"IT in Banking – Promise of More Benefits, The Hindu Survey of Indian Industry-2007, pp.54-58.

Abstract: The aim of this research is to comparatively evaluate the impact of corporate social responsibility practiceson marketing performance in theNigerian and UK financial industry.Research Value: the value of this research is to expose the Nigerian financial industry players/stakeholders to the CSR expectations of their consuming public.Research Methodology: the study used the mixed method design with major quantitative input (Nigerian sample) and minor qualitative input (UK sample).

[1]. Alanana, O.O. (2003). Youth unemployment in Nigeria: some implications for third millennium. Global Journal of Social Science, 2(1), 21-26.
[2]. Andy- Wali, H.A. (2011). The effect of population growth on community development in ObioAkpor LGA of Rivers State Nigeria. An unpublished Dissertation. University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria
[3]. Barnett, M. L. (2007). Stakeholder influence capacity and the variability of financial returns to corporate social responsibility. The Academy of Management Review 32: 794–816.
[4]. Bauman, C.W. &Skitka, L.J. (2012). Corporate Social Responsibility as a source of employee satisfaction. Research in Organizational Behaviour, 54: 1- 24.
[5]. Berman, S. L., Wicks, S. K & Jones, T. M. (1999). Does Stakeholder Orientation Matter? The relationship between stakeholder management models and firm financial performance. Academy of Management Journal, 42(5), 488–506.

Abstract: Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to strategies corporations or firms conduct their business in a way that is ethical, society friendly and beneficial to community in terms of development. This article examines the meaning of CSR based on three theories namely utilitarian, managerial and relational theories. It discusses the different phases of CSR development in India, CSR dimensions, CSR drivers and Key international CSR instruments. This paper details the steps in formalizing CSR projects, cost involved and its implementation, measurement and sustainability. It also explores the role of CSR in community development and competencies required by CSR managers to have a better understanding of the practical aspects of CSR.

[1]. Andrews, K. (1987). The concept of corporate strategy. Homewood: McGraw-Hill.
[2]. Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120.
[3]. Castelo B., M., & Rodrigues, L. L. (2006). Corporate social responsibility and resource-based perspectives. Journal of Business Ethics, 69(2), 111-132.
[4]. Mintzberg, H. (1983). The case for corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Strategy, 4(2), 3-15.
[5]. Zadek, S. (2006). Corporate responsibility and competitiveness at the macro level: responsible competitiveness: reshaping global markets through responsible business practices. Corporate Governance, 6(4), 334-348..

Abstract: Total productive maintenance (TPM) is approach developed to utilize plant more effectively and extract maximum output from installed capacity by maintaining it with its best performing condition. Increased demand of beverage in market has made industry to think widely to increase their production rate. Total productive maintenance will helps them to see hidden production capacity in existing plant. System dynamic model helps them to see expected rise in production after implementing TPM strategy. Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE) is metric tool to evaluate TPM. Evaluation of OEE of industry with practical approach helps to find scope of improvement in plant with respect to world class standards. TPM pillars helps to achieve greater OEE. System dynamic model will show system in micro world, where manager can see effect of implementing TPM in overall performance. Development of model is important part of this research.

[1]. I.P.S. Ahuja and J.S. Khamba, "Total productive maintenance: literature review and directions", International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management Vol. 25 No. 7, 2008 pp. 709-756.
[2]. Olayinka S. Ohunakin and Richard O. Leramo, "Total Productive Maintenance implementation in a beverage industry: A case study", Journal of engineering and applied sciences, ISSN 1816-949X, version 7 (2), 2012, pp. 128-133.
[3]. Panagiotis H. Tsarouhas, "Evaluation of overall equipment effectiveness in the beverage industry: a case study", International Journal of Production Research Vol. 51, No. 2, 15 January 2013, 515–523.
[4]. Stephanie Albin, "Building a System Dynamics Model Part 1: Conceptualization", Massachusetts Institute of Technology university press, 1997.
[5]. Stephanie Albin, "Building a System Dynamics Model Part II: Formulation", Massachusetts Institute of Technology university press, 1997.

Abstract: This project research study was undertaken to investigate challenges affecting the performance of SME in Mombasa County. Importation business in SME is distinctive in various aspects for instance sourcing of goods, modes of payment for goods and risks involved and the relationship amongst suppliers and importers amongst others.The objective of this project was to identify the effects of inadequate finances to support importation, government regulations affecting importation and poor infrastructure on supply chain effectiveness of these small businesses and the high costs of importation.The study was of small and medium enterprises engaging in importation of garments and shoes from China, Turkey and USA and a sampling technique will be used to obtain a sample for use in the research. The research project used questionnaires and in-depth interview to acquire relevant information about the research which relies profoundly on primary data which will be analysed using frequency distribution tables and graphs.

[1]. Brinders,et al (2003) African Renaissance 2003 Entrepreneurship and Small Business Management Development in Africa", Conference held in October 2003 at Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
[2]. Cooper D., and Schindler P. (2003). "Business Research Methods", Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 8th edition
[3]. Joppe, (2000).Rousson, Gasser and Seifer, (2002).Validity determination
[4]. Kombo, (2002). "Proposal and thesis writing, an introduction", Pauline‟s Publications Africa
[5]. Kothari, C.R. (2003). "Research Methodology", New International (P) Limited Publishers, 2nd Edition

Abstract: Sialkot sports industry has a marvelous contribution in the development of Pakistan due to its 99 percent export products and it covered the wide space of world sports market. In this labor intensive industry, employees' commitment is a key significant indicator for the overall organization productivity and performance. This study explored the impact of leader's emotional intelligence on employee commitment in the sports industry of Sialkot. Personally administered questionnaires were used to explore the utilization level of leader's emotional intelligence attributes and its prediction about employee commitment.

[1]. Angle, H. L., & Perry, J. L. (1981).An empirical assessment of organizational commitment and organizational effectiveness. Administrative Science Quarterly, 27, 1-17.
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[5]. Carmeli A (2003). The relationship between emotional intelligence and work attitudes, behavior and outcomes: An examination between senior managers. J. Manag. Psychol., 18(8): 788-813.
[6]. Cavelzani, A., Lee, I., Locatelli, V., Monti, G., &Villamira, M. A. (2003). Emotional intelligence and tourist services: The tour operator as a mediator between tourists and residents. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 4(4).

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to find out the determinants of financial audit in small and Medium Enterprises. Specific objectives of the study are; to examine whether internal control system affects audit performance in SMEs; to determine the effects of audit evidence on audit performance in SMEs; to determine whether compliance with accounting standards affects audit performance in SMEs. There are four audit theories according to [1]. They include: Policeman's theory, lending credibility theory, theory of inspired confidence and agency theory. The problem with the Kenyan SME setting is that SMEs in Kenya rarely use the services of a qualified accountant.

[1]. Hayes, R., Dassen R., Schilder, A. and Wallage, P. (2005), Principles of Auditors: An Introduction to International Standards on Auditing, Edinburgh: Pearson Education Limited. London
[2]. Okwena, K. D, Okioma, T. and Onsongo, E.R (2010). An assessment of the Effect of Proper Book Keeping Practices on the Financial Performance: Perspectives from Small and Medium Scale Business Enterprises in Kisii municipality
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[5]. Kitindi, E.G. (1997): "information Needs of Financing and Lending Institutions in Tanzania", African Journal of finance and Management, Vol.5, No.2.

Abstract: It is believed that there is an increase of uncertainty and risk in the banking sector since the inception of the multi-currency era in Zimbabwe. Systematic factors such as liquidity risk and market instability might have led to the collapse of some indigenous banks such as Allied Bank, Royal bank and AfrAsia bank. It is on this background that the researchers estimated the systematic risk using one of the bank shares operating in Zimbabwe, that is, Barclays Bank Zimbabwe Ltd by computing its beta. Beta can generally be viewed as a standardized measure of systematic risk given that the covariance of any asset with the market portfolio is the relevant risk measure.

[1]. Avandhani, V.A. (2009). Securities Analysis and Portfolio Management. Mumbai, India: Global Media [2]. Avandhani, V.A. (2010). Investment Management, Mumbai, India: Himalaya Publishing House [3]. Jorion, P. (2011). Financial Risk Manager Handbook, (6th Edition), Wiley Finance: New Jersey [4]. Muchengetwa S.M. (2005).Business Statistics Module, Harare: Zimbabwe Open University
[5]. Muponda, G. (2004). Investment Mangement Module, Harare: Zimbabwe Open University

Abstract: It has been evident that the financial market landscape has continued to be rough in Zimbabwe even after the inception of the multi-currency era. Several financial institutions have collapsed leaving the population shocked and wondering at the way to take in investing their hard earned monies. It is on this background that the researchers are evaluating the nature and effectiveness of asset allocations offered in Zimbabwe and the desire to minimize the investment constraints. Five strata of various financial institutions in the financial sector were made and the quantitative approach was applied in the fieldwork through such research instruments as questionnaires and interviews. It was disheartening to note that the majority of the investors were ignorant about these asset allocations such as tactical and insured strategies just to name a few. Worse still, the findings revealed that the investment climate remained incondusive.

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[5]. Bless C and Smith H,(2000). Fundamental of Research Methods: IRWIN