Version-1 (July-2015)
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | A Study of Employee Satisfaction and Its Impact on Employee Retention in Retail Sector |
Country | : | |
Authors | : | By:Prof. (Dr.) Parul Jhajharia,Havisha Gupta |
Abstract:Employee satisfaction is a measure of how happy workers are with their job and working environment. Keeping morale high among workers can be of tremendous benefit to any company because happy workers are more likely to produce more, take fewer days off and stay loyal to the company. There are many factors in improving or maintaining high employee satisfaction. But before that, it is important to measure the satisfaction levels of the employees. Hence, this project aims at measuring Employee Satisfaction and its impact on employee retention .The project's conclusion includes the final questionnaire which can be used for the annual employee satisfaction survey in the company and an explanation of all the parameters used with their respective reasons. Recommendations which were drawn from the study and limitations of the research have been provided at the end.
Key Words: Employee satisfaction, employee retention,job evaluation.
[1]. Aldrich, H. (1999). Organizations evolving. London: Sage Publications.
[2]. Armstrong, M. (2000). Strategic human resource management: A guide to action. London, Kogan Page Publishers.
[3]. Cranny, C.J., Smith, P.C., & Stone, E.F. (1992). Job satisfaction: How people feel about their jobs and how it affects their performance. New York: Lexington.
[4]. Hunter, W., & Tietyen, D. (1997). Business to business marketing: Creating a community of customers.
[5]. Lincolnwood-Illinois, McGraw-Hill Professional.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | The Role of Government Microfinance Credit Scheme in Tanzania A Case of NEDF-SIDO |
Country | : | China |
Authors | : | Jared Massele || Xu Fengju || Josephine Zabron Masele |
Abstract: National policies and plans are designed by government to manage effectively the resources' allocation to ensure sustainable development and national goals are attained. One of the efforts which has been undertaking by the governments in developing economies is to ensure welfare of people is maximized while poverty minimised. In 1994, Government of Tanzania established Microfinance Credit Scheme known as National Entrepreneurship Development Fund under Small Industries Development Organisation (NEDF-SIDO) to finance and support all small entrepreneurial business activities.
[1]. Honohan, P. and T. Beck, Making Finance Work for Africa. 2007, World Bank: The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA.
[2]. OECD, Microcredit in Transitional Economies, in Territorial Development Service 1996, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development: Paris.
[3]. OECD, Africa Economic Outlook (Tanzania). African Economic Outlook by OECD, 2005-2006.
[4]. MOF, National Microfinance Policy. 2000, Ministry of Finance, Tanzania: Tanzania (Government Printer).
[5]. Randhawa, B. and J. Gallardo, Microfinance Regulation in Tanzania: Implications for Development and Performance of the Industry, in Africa Region Working Paper Series No. 51. 2003, World Bank.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Accelerated And Extended "Share And Care" Model To Develop Socio-Preneur In Malang |
Country | : | Indonesia |
Authors | : | Umu Khouroh || Fatima Abdullah |
Abstract: This research propose a "socio-preneur" acceleration model, by extending and developing a "Share and Care" program. The purposes of this research are: 1) mapping the development program "Share and Care" based on interest, willingness and economic potential of local-a target group 2) building an understanding of the importance of developing socio-preneur; 3) program and acitivities associated with human resource development and formation of entrepreneurs; 4) the creation of techno-preneur. This research design use descriptive methods, policy research and applied research. The samples have been taken on purposive sampling. Research instrument use in-depth interviews and FGD technique. The results showed that there are many problems related to education and readiness of high school graduates who are not able to pursue higher education instead to get a job.
[1]. Philip Wickham. Strategic Entrepreneurship. 3rd ed., Pearson Education Limited. 2004,
[2]. CK Prahalad, The Fortune at the Bottom of the Pyramid. Wharton School Publishing, 2005.
[3]. Drucker, Peter F., Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Practice and Principles , Harper & Row, New York, 1985.
[4]. Dees, J. Gregory, The Meaning of Social Entrepreneurship, May 30, 2001, http://case.atduke.org/document/dees_sedef.pdf
[5]. Vesper, Karl H., Entrepreneurship Education in 1993 , Entrepreneurial Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, 1993
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Lifestyle Based Segmentation of Rural Consumers of Central Gujarat: An Empirical Study with Special Reference To Gender And Age |
Country | : | India |
Authors | : | Ijan Nikhil Vaidya |
Abstract: Consumer lifestyle analysis has become popular tool in the case of marketing decision making. The present study attempts to segment rural consumers of Central region of Gujarat on the basis of their perceived lifestyles. Ainstrumentinvolving Activities, Interests, Opinions, Values and Attitudes has been used for the purpose of study. Initially, an effort is made to unearth the perceptions of rural consumers in both the regions, and then the same were factor analyzed so as to form homogenous groups of such consumers which would help marketers to ensure success in market targeting.
[1]. Anandan, C., Mohanraj, M. P. and Madhu, S. (2006), ―A study of the Impact of Values and Lifestyles (VALS) on Brand Loyalty with special reference to English Newspapers‖, Vilakshan, XIMB Journal of Management, pp. 97-112.
[2]. Brengman,M., Genuens, M., Weijters, B., Smith, S.M. and Swinyard, W. R. (2005), ―Segmenting internet shoppers based on their web usage related lifestyles: a cross-cultural validation‖, Journal of Business Research, Vol. 58, pp.79-88.
[3]. Chaney, D. (1996). Lifestyles. London: Routledge.
[4]. Ghosh, D. (2014, June 9). The Last Word. (R. Nautiyal, Interviewer)
[5]. Harcar, T. and Kaynak, E.(2007), ―Life Style Orientation Of Us And Canadian Consumers: Are Regio-Centric Standardized Marketing Strategies Feasible?‖, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, Vol. 20 No. 4, pp. 433-454
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Analysis Factors Affecting Employees Job Performance in Libya |
Country | : | Indonesia |
Authors | : | Hassan M. E. Aboazoum || Umar Nimran || Mochammad Al Musadieq |
Abstract: The objectives of this study was (1) to identify the perception status of the factors that affect employee performance in Libya, (2) to identify the perception status of employee performance in Libya, (3) to identify the relationship between the factors that affect employee performance in Libya. The approach that this study was employee was a quantitative. The sample of this study was randomly selected by using purposive sampling technique. The population of the study was the entire Libya postgraduate students in Indonesia representation employee in libya.
[1]. Abu-Jarad, I. Y., Yusof, N., & Nikbin, D. (2010). A review paper on organizational culture and organizational performance. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 1(3), 26-46.
[2]. Aguinis, H., & Kraiger, K. (2009). Benefits of training and development for individuals and teams, organizations, and society. Annual review of psychology, 60, 451-474.
[3]. Balzer, W., Kihm, J., Smith, P., Irwin, J., Bachiochi, P., Robie, C., . . . Parra, L. (2000). Users' manual for the Job Descriptive Index, 1997 version) and the Job in General scales: Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green State University.
[4]. Borman, W. C., & Motowidlo, S. J. (1997). Task performance and contextual performance: The meaning for personnel selection research. Human performance, 10(2), 99-109
[5]. Choueke, R., & Armstrong, R. (2000). Culture: a missing perspective on small-and medium-sized enterprise development? International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 6(4), 227-238.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | International Financial Reporting Standards Or Nothing How Prepared Is Nigeria? |
Country | : | Malaysia |
Authors | : | Adamu Garba Zango || Hasnah Kamardin || Rokiah Ishak |
Abstract: The study assesses the level of Nigeria's preparedness in adopting the new financial reporting language as an emerging capitalmarket. The paper is library based and relied extensively on secondary data obtained from literature search in the world wide wave on the current global trend sweeping the financial reporting land scape code named: International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). By adopting the standards, Nigeria has embraced IFRS in order to participate in the benefits it offers, including attracting foreign direct investment, reduction of the cost of doing business, reduction of information asymmetry and cross border listing among others. The challenges ahead for Nigeria include but not limited to the development of a legal and regulatory framework, awareness campaign for the perceive benefits in IFRS, and training of both academic and professional.
[1]. Anyahara, I. O. (2012). Managing the challenges of IFRS transition: regulator‟s perspective; financial reporting council of Nigeria (FRC)
[2]. Daske, H., Hail, L., Leuz, C., and Verdi, R. (2008). Mandatory IFRS adoption around the world; early evidence on the economic consequences, Journal of Accounting Research, 46( 5), 1085-1142.
[3]. Epstein, B.J. (2013). Corporate governance: accounting standards compliance a concern. H G.org Worldwide legal directories
[4]. Epstein, B. J. (2009).The economic effects of IFRS adoption: investigating the expected benefits. The CPA Journal of International Accounting and Auditing,26-31.
[5]. Ezeani, N. S., and Rotimi, O. (2012).Adoption of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) to enhance financial reporting in Nigeria universities, Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review (OMAN Chapter),2 (3), 71-85.
[6]. International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Foundation (2010). About the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) Foundation and IASB, available online at: http://www.iasb.org/The+organisation/IASCF+and+IASB.htm.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Child-Care Service Delivery Effect on Business Performance Female Nursery School Operators Meeting the Challenge in Nigeria |
Country | : | Nigeria |
Authors | : | Maduenyoghasi || Oluchukwu Samson || Ezirim, Aloy Chinedu || Wonu, Nduka |
Abstract: The pressure associated with period of maternity leave for female key employees can be challenging for companies in the areas of maintaining quality output level, proper documentation, personnel turnover and overall smooth operations of firms in every competitive business environment. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of child-care service providers (nursery schools operators) in the context of providing care-support for working class nursing mothers who have to work to support families while boosting firm's productivity level. Without adequate care-support systems for the kids, the nursing mothers may less concentrate in their official duties, thereby resulting to low employee outputs due to absenteeism and in turn result to poor business performance.
[1]. Aghion, Philippe and Peter Howitt (1992) "A model of growth through creative destruction", Econometrica 60(2): 323-51.
[2]. Andy, C. Xiaolan, F and Alan, H. (2005) Management Characteristics, Collaboration and Innovative Efficiency: Evidence from U.K Survey Data. Center for Business Research, University of Cambridge Working paper. No. 311
[3]. Ashford, S. J., & Black, J. S. (1996). Proactivity during organizational entry: The role of desire for control. Journal of Applied Psychology, 81(2), 199-214.
[4]. Asiegbu, et al., (2011). Salesforce Competence Development and Marketing Performance of Industrial and Domestic Products Firms in Nigeria; Far East Journal of Psychology and Business; Vol 2, No3.
[5]. Belsky, J. (1988 b.). Infant daycare and socio-emotional development: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 29. 397-406
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Access to Quality Primary Education in Northern Nigeria: Transforming Public Underachieving Schools to High Achieving Schools Using Social Business Theory |
Country | : | Nigeria |
Authors | : | Muttaqha Rabe Darma, Dsc. |
Abstract: Some developing countries face many challenges, which often lead their citizens to continue to live in deprivation and want. Nigeria is one such country that has received low rankings on several fronts: particularly the state of its education sector. This paper adopts an ethnographic study method in order to investigate one of the poorly funded, over-crowded, and underachieving public primary schools in Northern Nigeria. The paper discusses an alternative approach the country could adopt to improve in its various efforts to enhance the provision of qualitative education to its citizens in public schools. Public schools in Nigeria are populated mostly by children from poor parents—and, as such, these schools have not been performing academically for various reasons. Some of these reasons include: insufficient government funding, a lack of quality teaching staff, poor school attendance by pupils (who often work to supplement their family income), pupil wastages, and others.
[1]. Aluede, R. O. A. (2006). "Universal Basic Education In Nigeria: Matters Arising." Journal Of Human Ecology 20(2): 97-101.
[2]. Dike, V. (2002). "The State Of Education In Nigeria And The Health Of The Nation." Nesg Economic Indicators 8(1): 45-50.
[3]. Ellis, T. (2002/2003). The Era Of Compassionate Capitalism: A Vision Of Holistic Leadership Development In The 21st Century. Executive Mba Dissertation, Executive Mba Dissertation 2002/2003.
[4]. Epstein, E. M. (2000). "The Continuing Quest For Accountable, Ethical, And Humane Corporate Capitalism: An Enduring Challenge For Social Issues In Management In The New Millennium." Business Ethics Quarterly 10(1): 145-157.
[5]. Kavan, H. (2005). "Compassionate Capitalism: How Corporations Can Make Doing Good An Integral Part Of Doing Well." Women In Management Review 20(3): 208-210.
[6]. Kotter, J. P. (2015). Confronting Capitalism: Real Solutions For A Troubled Economic System. New York, American Managemnt Association.
[7]. Lagarde, C. (2014). Economic Inclusion And Financial Integrity—An Address To The Conference On Inclusive Capitalism. Conference On Inclusive Capitalism London.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Impact of Marital Status on Purchase Behaviour of Luxury Brands |
Country | : | India |
Authors | : | Dr. R. Srinivasan || Dr. R.K. Srivastava || Prof. Sandeep Bhanot |
Abstract: Purpose and objectives of the study: In this study, we aim to understand the influence of occupation on the frequency of buying luxury products, influence to buy luxury products and intention to purchase the same brand that they have previously purchased. Also we study the different luxury value dimensions like financial value, functional value, individual value and social value and how these are influenced by marital status of the consumer.
[1]. Abdolvand, M.A., Reihani, N (2013), "The effect of brand association in psycho-social and psycho-personality antecedents: a conceptual model of conspicuous consumption among youth adults‟, Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 6(6): 1012-1022
[2]. Achabou, M.A., & Dekhili, S. (2013), "Luxury and sustainable development: Is there a match?‟, Journal of Business Research, 66(10) : 1896-1903
[3]. Atwal,G. and Khan,S. (2008), "Luxury Marketing in India: "because I‟m worth it‟", Admap, World Advertising Research Centre, pp.46-48
[4]. Chadha, R., & Husband, P. (2006), The cult of the luxury brand: Inside Asia's love affair with luxury. London: Nicholas Brealey International.
[5]. Chaudhuri, H. R., & Majumdar, S. (2006), "Of diamonds and desires: understanding conspicuous consumption from a contemporary marketing perspective, Academy of Marketing Science Review, 6 (11) : 256-267.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | The Effect Between Corporate Governance And Having Female Director |
Country | : | Massachusetts |
Authors | : | Mousa Albashrawi |
Abstract: Women are taking more important roles in our daily business life; the number of women directors has increased in recent years across all industries. Although the finding seems to support that there is a positive association between corporate governance and having a woman director, some may argue and attribute this positive relationship to other organizational factors. Thus, this topic still needs further examination to confirm or oppose prior finding. However, the results show both confidential voting and limit ability to amend by are found to be predictors of having a woman director, but these predictors do not support our hypothesis.
[1]. Abu-bader, H. S. (2011). Advanced and Multivariate Statistical Methods For Social Science Research. Chicago: Lyceum Books, Inc.
[2]. Investopedia. (2014, Mar 20). Retrieved from Corporate Governance: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/corporategovernance.asp
[3]. Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A., & Mastruzzi, M. (2005). Governance Matters IV: Governance Indicators for 1996-2004. Washington DC: The World Bank.
[4]. McElhaney, K. A., & Mobasseri, S. (2012). Women Create A Sustainable Future. Berkeley: Center For Responsible Business .
[5]. Number of female directors on the increase. (2013, 03 01). Retrieved from Automotive Management: http://www.am-online.com/news/2013/1/3/number-of-female-directors-on-the-increase/32153/
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Ispahani Tea: Brewing Success through Innovation and Excellence |
Country | : | Bangladesh |
Authors | : | Israt Jahan Linda || Shawkat Kamal |
Abstract: Ispahani Tea was one the first companies to offer packaged tea for the Bangladeshi consumers and gradually developed a customer base that opted for higher quality and sophisticated packaging. The Company has enjoyed the leadership position in the market since the 1990s and has retained it throughout these years. In doing so, the company developed an unrivaled distribution system along with ensuring excellent quality and customer satisfaction. The strong presence of various local and multinational players has been a constant threat to Ispahani, but the company sustained its leadership position all these years by maintaining its loyal customers.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Capital Investment Appraisal in Retail Business Management: Sainsbury's as a Case Study |
Country | : | London |
Authors | : | Waheed Azeez |
Abstract: It is very important in any business organisation to make critical investment appraisal before any decision is taken on a given capital investment. This type of appraisal is undertaken by the senior management team and constitutes part of strategic decisions. The tactical and operational decisions may fall on the shoulders of the middle and junior managers, who are responsible for how to get things done and ensure that things are properly done respectively. The fact remains that the original decision-making process remains the responsibility of the senior managers.
[1]. Colin Drury (2012), Management & Cost Accounting Student Manual, Andover, Cengage Learning EMEA
[2]. Dayananda, D., Irons R, Harrison S and Herbohn J (2002), Capital Budgeting Financial Appraisal of Investment Projects, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press
[3]. Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. Mowen, Liming Guan, (2002), Cost Management: Accounting and Control: Accounting and Control, Cambridge University Press
[4]. John C. Kelleher and Justin J. MacCormack, "Internal Rate of Return: A Cautionary Tale," by The McKinsey Quarterly (August 2004), pages 1-4.
[5]. Magdy G. Abdel-Kader (2011), Review of Management Accounting Research, Basingstoke, Palmgrave Macmilan.
[6]. Magni, Carlo Alberto (March 9, 2010), "Average Internal Rate of Return and Investment Decisions: A New Perspective" in The Engineering Economist, Vol. 55, No. 2, pp. 150-180, 2010.
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Appraisal of Integrity in Public Procurement Processes in Nigeria |
Country | : | Nigeria |
Authors | : | Ngozi Nwogwugwu, Phd. || Adetunji Olumuyiwa Adebayo |
Abstract: Governments across the globe are charged with the responsibility of delivering public goods and services to the citizenry. The process of delivering such goods and services entails enormous procurement transactions on the part of government and its agencies. The hall mark of proficient public procurement in any given society includes economy, efficiency, fairness, reliability, integrity, transparency, accountability and ethical standards. Public procurement is one aspect of government operations that is prone to corrupt practices in many countries of the world.
[1]. Centre for democracy & Governance (CDG, 2006). Democracy & Governance Assessment of Nigeria. Prepared by ARD for USAID retrieved online on 18-09-2014 from http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAD1079.pdf
[2]. Environmental Protection Agency (2014). Public Procurement. Retrieved on 12-09-2014 from www.epa.ie/about/procurement/#
[3]. Ezekesili, O. (2004). Welcome Speech at the Public Procurement Workshop Held at Abuja, Nigeria. Retrieved on 12 -09-2014 from www.bpp.gov.ng
[4]. Fayomi I. O. (2013). Public Procurement and Due Process Policy in Nigeria: Thrust, Prospects and Challenges. Peak Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities. Vol. 1(4). Pp. 39-45 December 2013. Retrieved on 12-09-2014 from http://www.peakjournals.org/sub_journals_PJSSH/html ISSN 2331 - 5792.
[5]. Federal Republic of Nigeria (2010). Procurement Procedure Manual for Public Procurement in Nigeria; Bureau of Public Procurement. Retrieved on 12-09-2014 from http://procurementmonitor.org/sub/bpp%20publications/Procurement_Procedure_Manual.pdf
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | The Relationship between Quality Of Lifeand Psychological Capital in Faculty Members of Islamic Azad University in Iran |
Country | : | Iran |
Authors | : | Shabnambidarian || Parivashjafari || Nadergholighourchian |
Abstract: The aim of the present research is to examine the relationship between psychological capital and the quality of life of the faculty members of Islamic Azad University. The research method is applied with regard to its objective and is an integrated method. The population included 5715 individuals who were members of the faculty in Islamic Azad University in districts 8 and 12 (3349 individuals were from district 8 and 2366 individuals were from district 12).
[1]. Albert, U.; mania, G.; Bogetto, F.; Chiorle, A.; Matain-Cols, D. (2010), Clinical predictors of health-related quality of life psychiatry, 51: 193-200.
[2]. Bergheim, M.B. Nielsen, K. Mearns, "The relationship between psychological capital, job satisfaction, and safety JOB in the maritime industry"SafetyScienceVolume 74, April 2015, Pages 27–36.
[3]. Bayrami.M, Movahedi.Y , Kodayari.M "The compersion of psychlogical capital and quality of life between mothers of healthy and handicaped children" Iranian Journal of Rehabilitation Research in Nursing. 2015 Vol5, No3
[4]. Dana C. Miskulin, Kaleab Z. Abebe, Arlene B. Chapman, Ronald D. Perrone, Theodore I. Steinman, Vicente E. Torres, K. Ty Bae, William Braun, Franz T. Winklhofer, Marie C. Hogan, Fred Rahbari-Oskoui, Charity G. Moore, Michael F. Flessner, Robert W. Schrier, HALT-PKD Study" Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease and CKD Stages 1-4: A Cross-sectional Study". American Journal of Kidney Diseases, Volume 63, Issue 2, February 2014, Pages 214-226
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Market Efficiency of Few Bank Stocks: An Empirical Study |
Country | : | India |
Authors | : | P.Radha |
Abstract: This paper deals with the analyzing the efficiency of Indian U.S. bank Stocks. In an efficient market, security price should equal the security's investment value, where investment value is the discounted value of the security's future cash flows. According to EMH, if there is a possibility to predict the future price of share, that is the first sign of an inefficient market. In the present study, the prices of few bank share prices are taken from www.finance.yahoo.com. This study concludes that the stocks which are analyzed are efficient in weak form. The tool used in this analysis is Run Test. In majority of the cases, the observed runs fall in between the calculated runs.
[1]. Dhanesh Khatri "Security Analysis and Portfolio Management", Macmillian Publishers India Limited, pp 347 – 361
[2]. S.Kevin " Security Analysis and Portfolio Management", PHI Learning Private Limited, pp 147 – 157
[3]. V.K.Bhalla, " Investment Management- Security Analysis and Portfolio Management", S.Chand Publishing, pp 633 - pp657
[4]. Punithavathy Pandian, "Security Analysis and Portfolio Management", Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd, pp 283 – 294
[5]. Sudhindra Bhat, "Security Analysis and Portfolio Management", Excel Publications, pp 366 – 379
[6]. Prasanna Chandra, "Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management", Tata Mc Graw-Hill Publishing Company Limited, pp 276 – 293
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Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
Title | : | Factors Affecting Outsourcing of Customer Service of Airtel Networks Kenya Limited |
Country | : | Kenya |
Authors | : | Haron Ngubia Nding'ori |
Abstract: Outsourcing is a process where a company outsources its operations to a service provider, whose core competence is centered on those processes. Outsourcing has become an important business strategy because it enables businesses to reduce and control operating costs, to improve on company focus, to gain access to world class capability and to free internal resources for other purposes. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting outsourcing of customer service in Bharti airtel. The research was conducted by collecting primary data using an interview guide to collect in-depth data from the staff and management across all the departments with a target population of about 250 Airtel employees and a sample size of about 78 personnel interpretation of the data identifying the factors affecting outsourcing in Bharti airtel.
[1]. Aboka, Abby, (2013).Challenges faced by Bharti Airtel Kenya in outsourcing of its services University of Nairobi, Library
[2]. Adams, J.S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. Adv. Exp. Soc. Psychol. 62:335-34 Adrian et al., (1995). P. Adrian, C. Martin, C. Moira, H. Peck, Relationship marketing
[3]. for competitive advantage Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford Airtel report, (2010).Entry of the African market. Retrieved on 3rd April 2014 from hppt// www.airtel.com
[4]. H. Maslow, (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Free Press, New York, NY.
[5]. Armstrong A. (2007). Human Resource Management Practice 10th Edition, Heinemann Education Book Limited, London, UK.
[6]. Armstrong M. (2003) Human Resource Management, 4thEdition, The Bath press Publishers, Hampshire, Great Britain