IOSR-JBM   Volume-21 ~ Issue-1 ~ January-2019

Abstract: Robert Kaplan and David Norton introduced the Balanced Scorecard in their 1992 Harvard Business Review article. 26 years since that article. This anniversary has inspired me to review the development of the balanced scorecard, to highlight its generations and to outline some ideas for its future. To this end, the contribution of the research to the field is the review of Balanced Scorecard development over the last 26 years.

Keywords: Balanced Scorecard, generations, performance measurement

[1]. Kangari, R., F. Farid, et al. (1992). "Financial performance analysis for construction industry." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 118(2): 349-361.
[2]. Kaplan, D. P. N. a. R. S. (1992). "The Balanced Scorecard - Measures That Drive Performance." HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW.
[3]. Mbugua, L., P. Harris, et al. (1999). A framework for determining critical success factors influencing construction business performance. Proceedings of the Association of Researchers in Construction Management 15th Annual Conference.
[4]. Sinclair, D. and M. Zairi (2000). "Performance measurement: a critical analysis of the literature with respect to total quality management." International Journal of Management Reviews 2(2): 145-168.
[5]. McNair, C. J., R. L. Lynch, et al. (1990). "Do financial and nonfinancial performance measures have to agree?" Strategic Finance 72(5): 28..

Abstract: The aim of the authors is to know the disclosure behavior of listed companies in Bangladesh relating to environment and also provide some suggestions for encouraging about environmental issues to the companies. For preparing the report, the authors mainly focus on secondary data using annual reports. For analyzing the data, statistical mean, standard deviation, variance and frequency distribution have been calculated. It has found that, most of the companies in Bangladesh are poorly disclosed (average 20.62%) about the environmental issues in annual reports but in banking sectors the disclosure practice is about satisfactory level with comparing other sectors.

Keywords: Environment, Pollution, Accounting, Energy, Policy, Disclosure, Wastes, Green, Annual Report, Sustainable

[1]. Shil N. C. and Iqbal M., (2005), "Environmental Disclosure–A Bangladesh Perspective", Online athttp://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/7707/ MPRA Paper No. 7707
[2]. Hossain, I and Chowdhury, A (2014), "Environmental Reporting: A study of the listed companies in Bangladesh‟, The Cost and Management, Vol. 42, No. 3, PP. 36-46
[3]. Rahman and Muttaki (2005), "Corporate Environmental Reporting Practices in Bangladesh – A Study of Some Selected Companies‟, The Cost and Management, Vol. 33, No. 4, PP. 13-21
[4]. Dutta,P and Bose, S. (2008), "Corporate Environmental Reporting on the Internet in Bangladesh: An Exploratory Study‟, International Review of Business Research Papers, Vol. 4, No. 3, PP. 38-150
[5]. Shil, N and Iqbal, M (2005), "Environmental Disclosure-Bangladesh Perspective‟, The Cost and Management, Vol. 33, No. 4, P. P85-93

Abstract: Despite the increasing attention gained by the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities and disclosure, the different mechanisms through which Corporate Governance influence CSR are not without controversy, especially that this research stream is scarce. The aim of this paper is to participate to this debate by investigating the extent to which the different board of directors‟ characteristics influence the Corporate Social Performance (CSP) in the South African setting, since South Africa is the most developed governance framework among the developing countries. To examine this nexus, authors focus on the South African firms listed in the Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) index "Vigeo Eiris Best EM Performers", for the period spanning from 2012 to 2016............

Keywords: Corporate Social Performance, Corporate Governance, Board Characteristics, King report, South Africa, Vigeo Eiris.

[1]. Abbott, L. J., Parker, S., & Peters, G. F. (2004). Audit committee characteristics and restatements. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 23(1), 69-87.
[2]. Abbott, W. F., & Monsen, R. J. (1979). On the measurement of corporate social responsibility: Self-reported disclosures as a method of measuring corporate social involvement. Academy of management journal, 22(3), 501-515.
[3]. Abeysekera, I. (2010). The influence of board size on intellectual capital disclosure by Kenyan listed firms. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 11(4), 504-518.
[4]. Aguilera, R. V., & Cuervo‐Cazurra, A. (2009). Codes of good governance. Corporate governance: an international review, 17(3), 376-387.
[5]. Akhtaruddin, M., & Haron, H. (2010). Board ownership, audit committees' effectiveness and corporate voluntary disclosures. Asian Review of Accounting, 18(1), 68-82.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the influnece of e-WOM, service quality, on customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. The research conducted in the natural tourism of Blitar Regency. This study examines and analyzes the effects of e-WOM and service quality on satisfaction, reviews and analyzes e-WOM and service quality on loyalty, assesses and analyzes satisfaction with loyalty, reviews and analyzes the e-WOM quality of service on loyalty through satisfaction. Respondents of this study were 123 tourists visiting the underlined tourist destination. Based on the analysis method using Structural Equation Modeling the results of the research indicate that the concern for the consumers, expressing positive feelings, economic incentive and helping the company, support platform contribute significantly to e-WOM. The tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy contributed significantly............

Keywords: e-WOM, service quality, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty

[1]. Cronin, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1992). Measuring Service Quality: A Reexamination and Extension. Journal of Marketing, 56, 55–68.
[2]. Elrado, M., Kumadji, S., & Yulianto, E. (2014). Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap, Kepercayaan dan Loyalitas (Survei pada Pelanggan yang Menginap di Jambuluwuk Batu Resort Kota Batu).Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis,15(2),1–9.
[3]. Gallarza, M. G., & Gil Saura, I. (2006). Value Dimensions, Perceived Value, Satisfaction, and Loyalty: An Investigation of University Students' Travel Behaviour. Tourism Management, 27(3), 437–452. http://doi.org/10.1016/J.TOURMAN.2004.12.002
[4]. Goyette, I., Ricard, L., Bergeron, J., & Marticotte, F. (2010). E-WOM Scale: Word-of-Mouth Measurement Scale for E-services Context. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne Des Sciences de l'Administration, 27(1), 5–23. http://doi.org/10.1002/cjas.129
[5]. Hennig-Thurau, T., Gwinner, K. P., Walsh, G., & Gremler, D. D. (2004). Electronic Word-of-Mouth via Consumer-Opinion Platforms: What Motivates Consumers to Articulate Themselves on the Internet? Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18(1), 38–52. http://doi.org/10.1002/DIR.10073 28..

Abstract: This study explores the mediated effect of job satisfaction on the influences of organizational change and organizational culture on staff performance of the Public Works and Spatial Planning Agency, Pidie District, Aceh province, Indonesia. All 209 staff of the agency were selected as the sample of study using census technique. To gather the data, the study distributed structured questionnaires to the respondents. Adopting the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach, the study found that job satisfaction significantly mediated the influences of organizational change and organizational culture on staff performance. These findings implied that any effort to enhance staff performance, it should be focused on the improvement of job satisfaction.

Keywords: Job satisfaction; Organizational change; Culture; Public agency; Staff Performance

[1]. Ahamed, M., & Mahmood, R. (2015). Impact of organizational culture on job satisfaction: A study on Banglalion Communication Ltd, Bangladesh. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(10), 160-174.
[2]. Baron, R.M., & Kenny, D.A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
[3]. Fachreza, F., Musnadi, S., & Majid, M. S. A. (2018). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja, dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dan Dampaknya pada Kinerja Bank Aceh Syariah Di Kota Banda Aceh. Jurnal Magister Manajemen, 2(1), 115-122.
[4]. Fadlallh, A. W. (2015). Impact of Job Satisfaction on Employees Performance an Application on Faculty of Science and Humanity Studies University of Salman Bin Abdul-Aziz-Al Aflaj. International Journal of Innovation and Research in Educational Sciences, 2(1), 26-32.
[5]. Fauzi, M., Warso, M. M., & Haryono, A. T. (2016). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi Dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Komitmen Organisasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening (Studi Pada Karyawan PT. Toys Games Indonesia Semarang). Journal of Management, 2(2), 32-40.

Abstract: This study aims to explore the direct and indirect effects of motivation, discipline, allowance-based performance on organizational performance, mediated by staff performance of the Regional Development Planning Agency, Aceh province, Indonesia. All 160 staff of the agency were selected as sample of the study using the census technique. To gather the data, structured questionnaires were distributed to all respondents and analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) approach. The results of the study revealed that motivation, discipline, and allowance-based performance had a positive and significant effect on the staff performance. Motivation, discipline, and allowance-based performance also found to have a positive and significant effect on the performance of agency...........

Keywords: Allowance-based performance; Discipline; Motivation; Organizational performance; Public organization; Staff performance.

[1]. Aswathappa, K. (2012). Human Resource Management: Text and Cases. New Delhi: Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publishing.
[2]. Azar, M., & Shafighi, A. A. (2013). The effect of work motivation on employees' job performance, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 3, 78–82.

[3]. Baba, A. (2015). Effect of remuneration and achievement motivation to be SAR center employee performance industries results plantation Makasar. Journal of Economic and Sustainable Development, 6(5), 217-224.
[4]. Baron, R.M., & Kenny, D.A. (1986). The moderator–mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.

[5]. Dapu, V. A. W. (2015). The Influence of Work Discipline, Leadership, and Motivation on Employee Performance at PT. Trakindo Utama Manado. Jurnal EMBA: Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi, 3(3). 34-42. 28..

Abstract: Technology is the backbone of today's world specially the internet. The usage of internet has been increased significantly in last few years. People love to communicate through the virtual medium and they feel connected to the world. They share their feelings and experience regarding a special issue. The sharing of the feelings and experience makes the virtual world more significant and approachable. People can take up any avatar and can behave in any manner they want to be recognized. The specialty about the virtual community is no one is bothered of caste, creed, religion or profession. Everyone is treated same and people share more and more when they are not being judged. The blend of virtual world and ethnography opens the door for new methods of research that can probably reach the large audience in the internet world...........

Keywords: Bungee jumping, Adventure sport, virtual community, online communities, experience.

[1]. From experience to summit or vice versa? Netnography study on a virtual community of mountaineering, Sabri Kaya. Et.al 2017
[2]. Communication, power and counter power in the network society, manuel castells 2007
[3]. Understanding knowledge sharing in virtual communities :an integration of social capital and social cognitive theories, chao min et.al 2006
[4]. Motivation and barriers to participation in virtual knowledge sharing communities of practice, Alexander et al. 2002
[5]. Does the internet increase, Decrease, or Supplement Social Capital, Berry et.al. 2001 28.

Abstract: The Indian construction sector plays a key role in India's economic development and nation-building through infrastructure projects and facilities and real estate development. Unlike the western world which is seeing an increasing utilization of robotics and automation in construction (RAC) India lags in the use of robotics and automation in construction. The objective of this research was to study the current awareness of robotics and automation in Indian construction industry and to determine the acceptability, and perception of adaptability and feasibility of robotics and automation in the construction industry. Primary data collected from 398 construction industry project engineers through a structured questionnaire was used to test the results through factor analysis and hypotheses testing.............

Keywords: Robots, Robotics, Automation, Construction Industry, Modern Technology.

[1]. Elattar, S. M. S. (2008). Automation and Robotics in Construction: Opportunities and Challenges. Emirates Journal for Engineering Research, Vol. 13, No. 2, 21-26.
[2]. Gupta Rajiv, Chiranjeev Mohota, Mainak Datta, Jaya Pradeep.S, Michael Antony.J (2018). A Comprehensive Review of Robotics and Automation in the Construction Sector. Paper presented in the 2nd Industry Academia Conference on Construction Management (IACCM 2018), NICMAR, Hyderabad, India, 27th and 28th July 2018.
[3]. Holt Mike (2018). Are Robots the New face of the UK Construction Industry?, accessed from https://www.placenorthwest.co.uk/resources/are-robots-the-new-face-of-the-uk-construction-industry/
[4]. IAARC (1998), Robots and Automated Machines in Construction, by Publications Committee, International Association of Automation and Robotics in Construction, March 1998, The IAARC Secretariat, UK
[5]. Mahbub Rohana (2008). An Investigation into the barriers to the Implementation of Automation and Robotics Technologies in the Construction Industry, Ph.D thesis submitted to the School of Urban Development, Faculty of Built Environment and Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Australia 28..

Abstract: Social marketing creates social wealth. Aspiring to make a constructive social impact on the world, but believes that the best way of doing it is, There is massive power when a group of people with related interests gets together to work toward the same goals. Tourism is an industry which is increasingly getting bigger and more significant at a global level, country holding high levels of social and economic inequality. Community based tourism is a unique opportunity for marginalized communities to participate in tourism development. This paper conceptually explores the role of social entrepreneurship through developing the community and its members for a sustainable...........

Keywords: community, social wealth, impact, social marketing tourism.

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