iosr-JEEE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2016

Abstract: This paper presents a unique Single-Ended Primary Inductor Converter (SEPIC) based power factor correction method with discontinuous conduction mode detection. The SEPIC power factor correction (PFC) converter with the advent of digital control, powerful control techniques are used to achieve low-harmonic input current. An analog SEPIC based PFC converter is modified into a digitally controlled equivalent; thus provides flexibility for further implementations............
Key Words: DCM detection Technique, Digital Signal Processor, MCM control technique, SEPIC-PFC converter.

[1] L. Huber, Y. Jang, and M. M. Jovanovic, "Performance evaluation of bridgeless PFC boost rectifiers," IEEE Trans. Power
Electron., 2008, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 1381–1390.
[2] S. Buso, P. Mattavelli, L. Rossetto, and G. Spiazzi, "Simple digital control improving dynamic performance of power factor
preregulators," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 1998, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 814–423.
[3] F. Chen and D. Maksimovi , Digital Control for Improved Efficiency and Reduced Harmonic Distortion Over Wide Load Range in
Boost PFC Rectifiers," Power Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, 2010, vol. 25, pp. 2683-2692.
[4] T. Nussbaumer, K. Raggl and J. W. Kolar, "Design Guidelines for Interleaved Single-Phase Boost PFC Circuits," Industrial
Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, 2009, vol. 56, pp. 2559-2573.
[5] A. Prodic, J. Chen, D. Maksimovic, and R. W. Erickson, "Self-tuning digitally controlled low-harmonic rectifier having fast
dynamic response," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., 2003, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 420–428.

Abstract: To dynamically match the intermittency of wind energy, energy storage devices will be required. In this project a two-layer constant power control scheme for a wind farm equipped with doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine is considered. In the two layer control, there is a high layer controller known as Wind farm supervisory control (WFSC), which generates Active power (P), Stator power (Ps), Energy storage power (Pe), DC voltage (Vdc) etc. references for the low layer Wind turbine generator (WTG) controllers, according to the power demand from the grid operator.............
Key Words: Constant power control (CPC), Supercapacitor Energy storage system, Wind farm supervisory control, Wind Turbine Generator Contollers, doubly fed induction generator (DFIG).

[1]. Liyan Qu, Member, IEEE, and Wei Qiao, Member, IEEE, "Constant Power Control of DFIG Wind Turbines With Supercapacitor Energy Storage" VOL. 47, NO. 1, JANUARY/FEBRUARY 2011.
[2]. J. P. Barton and D. G. Infield, "Energy storage and its use with intermittent renewable energy," IEEE Trans. Energy Convers., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 441–448, Jun. 2004.
[3]. Abbey and G. Joos, "Supercapacitor energy storage for wind energy applications," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 769–776, .May/Jun. 2007.
[4]. W. Qiao, W. Zhou, J. M. Aller, and R. G. Harley, "Wind speed estimation based sensorless output Maximization control for a wind turbine driving a DFIG," IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 1156–1169, May 2008.
[5]. W. Qiao, G. K. Venayagamoorthy, and R. G. Harley, "Real-time implementation of a STATCOM on a wind farm equipped with doubly fed induction generators," IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 98–107, Jan./Feb. 2009.

Abstract: The heavy traffic congestion has caused much thwarting for any vehicle especially to the fire engines. In order to prevent the enormous amount of property damage and at times loss of life due to the time lag I would like to introduce a new concept called FEARS (Fire engine automated rescue system). The main motive behind this concept is to provide a smooth flow for the fire engines to reach the spot in time and thus minimizing the destruction. The idea behind this scheme is to implement a Intelligent Transportation System which would mechanically control the traffic lights in the path of the fire engine.............
Key Words: FEARS, Traffic signal control, GPS, GSM, Dijkstra

[1]. Wang Wei, Fan Hanbo, Traffic Accident Automatic Detection and Remote Alarm Device
[2]. Zhaosheng Yang. Study on the schemes of traffic signal timing for Priority Vehicles Based on Navigation System, 2000.
[3]. Xiaolin Lu, Develop Web GIS Based Intelligent Transportation Application Systems with Web Service Technology, Proceedings of International Conference on ITS Telecommunications, 2006.
[4]. Katsunori Tawara, Naoto Mukai, Traffic Signal Control by using Traffic Congestion Prediction based on Pheromone Model, Proceedings of 22nd International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence, 2010.
[5]. Mark Allen Weiss, Data structures and Algorithms.

Abstract: In this paper firstly the input images (which are a SADP of Ni Ti based thin film taking using HRTEM) have been segmented out from the background and clearly get the six rings patterns. Using HRTEM instrument the selected area diffraction pattern (SADP) of the film have been obtained. Then these rings are indexed carefully. To index a selected area diffraction pattern it is necessary to assign miller indices, {hkl} to each ring. It can be done by determining the ring diameter and then comparing the ratio of radius with the inter planner spacing. Another process of indexing has been done from the peak positions of x-ray diffraction pattern.
Key Words: MEMS sample, HRTEM, SADP indexing, crystal plane determination.

[1]. Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS Chris A. Mack, Lithoguru.com, Editor-in-Chief.
[2]. Hoo-Jeong Lee and Ainissa G. Ramireza(2004), Crystallization and phase transformations in amorphous NiTi thin films for microelectromechanical systems, APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS VOLUME 85, NUMBER 7.
[3]. Wilcox, D.L; and Howell, L.L. Fully compliant tensuralbistable micro-mechanisms (FTBM). Journal of Micro-electromechanical Systems 2005,14 (6), 1223-1235.
[4]. Madou, M.J.; Fundamentals of Micro-fabrication: the Science of Miniaturization; CRC Press: New York, NY, 2002.
[5]. Comtois, J.H.; Michalicek, M.A.; Barron, C.C. Electro-thermal actuators fabricated in four-level planarized surface micro-machined polycrystalline silicon. Sensors and Actuators A1998, 70, 23-31.

Abstract: The Paper is aims to design a corridor lighting control system to make the system autonomous and energy saving. Automatic switching on/off of lights is working as per the presence of people in the building corridors.Push buttons are strategically placed to the entry and exit of the people. Depending on the number of people passing through the counter goes up/down and stores the corresponding value in the register which is referred to by the comparator which controls the tripping of the lighting circuit accordingly. The light will come on when the first person enters the corridor and does not switch off until the counter value drops to 0.

[1]. E. El-Shirbeeny,"Proposal for Automating Street Lighting System of Abu Dhabi/AI Ah highway", EPRL01-1, ADWEA, Abu Dhabi, UAE, 2001.
[2]. Pantoni R.P.,Brandao, D., "A geocast routing algorithm intended for street lighting system based on wireless sensor networks", 9th IEEE/IAS International Conference on Industry Applications (INDUSCON), 2010, pp. 1 – 6.
[3]. Reluz Program, "National Program of Efficient Public Lighting and Traffic Lights".Available:http://www.eletrobras.gov.br/EM- Programas-Reluz,Jan. 2010.
[4]. Ei-Shirbeeny, E.H.T.; Bakka, M.E. "Experimental Pilot Project for Automating Street Lighting System in Abu Dhabi Using Power Line Communication". Proceedings of the 10th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems, Vol. 2, p.743 - 746, Dec. 2003.

Abstract: Bangladesh is underdeveloped country but the electricity problem is one of the main burdens of our economical growth. We know that technical education is an important opportunity to gain the millennium development. The government takes several steps to develop our technical education sector. Polytechnic education system is based on sound power supply. When power problem is presented then the student of polytechnic are basically affected, they do not attain their lesson attentively and regularly. Even they do not attain their laboratory works, complete their class notes. But there is a huge opportunity to back up the energy problem using solar energy. This paper implement and analysis of solar energy and cost analysis tell that the system is economically feasible for a polytechnic institute.

[1]. Md. Nawrose Fatema, "Solar ready roof design for high performing solar installation in Dhaka: Potentials and strategies" -2nd International Conference on the developments in renewable energy technology, (ICDRET'12), January 5-7, 2012, Dhaka, Bangladesh, pp (235-238).
[2]. Available: http://www.smsolar.net/files/SM100.pdf
[3]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power
[4]. Country report Bangladesh, Rabobank Economic Research Department, Jan. 2011.
[5]. [Online: March 2013] Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uninterruptible_power_supply

Abstract: This paper presents a new technique to characterize and localize the various types of power quality (PQ) disturbances using S-Transform and Fuzzy expert system.The S-Transform method is used to extract the two input features (Standard deviation and Variances) from the distorted voltage waveforms simulated using parametric equations. The extracted features are given as input to Fuzzy expert system for the classification of various types of power quality disturbances. The results clearly indicate that the proposed method has the ability to classify the power quality disturbances with great accuracy. The performance of the proposed technique is compared with the S-Transform based neural classifier.
Key Words: Power quality, Power quality disturbances, S-transform, Fuzzy logic, Fuzzy expert system.

[1]. Surya Santoso, Edward J. Powers, and W. Mack Grady, "Electric power quality disturbances detection using wavelet transform
analysis", IEEE Transaction, 1994.

[2]. David C. Robertson Octavia I. Camps, Jeffrey S. Mayer, William B. Gish, "Wavelet and electromagnetic power system transients", IEEE Transaction on power delivery, Vol 11, April 1996.
[3]. G.T.Heydt, A.W.Galli, "Transient power quality problem analyzed using wavelets", IEEE Transaction on power delivery, Vol 12, April 1997.
[4]. Paul S. Wright, "Short time Fourier transforms and wigner-ville distributions applied to the calibration of power frequency harmonic analyzers", IEEE Transaction on instrumentation and measurement, Vol 48, no.2, April 1999.
[5]. G.T.Heydt, P.S.Fjeld, C.C.Liu, D.Pierce, L.Tu,G.Hensley, "Applications of the windowed FFT to Electric Power quality assessment", IEEE Transaction on power delivery, oct 1999.

Abstract: In this paper the performance of UPFC is investigated in controlling the flow of power over the transmission line. Voltage sources model is utilized to study the behavior of the UPFC in regulating the voltage profile, active and reactive power. This model is incorporated in Conventional Newton Raphson algorithm for load flow studies. Simultaneous method is employed in which equations of unified power flow controller and the power balance equations of networks are combined in to one set of non-linear algebraic equations. Placement of this device in suitable location can lead to control in flow of power and maintain bus voltages in desired level and improve voltage stability margins.............
Key Words: Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS), Power Flow Control, Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFC), Newton-Raphson, Voltage Stability Index (VSI), Genetic Algorithm (GA).

[1]. Chandrabhan Sharma and Marcus G. Ganness, "Determination of power system voltage stability using modal analysis", POWERENG 2007, pp.381-386, April 2007.
[2]. G. Wu, A.Yokoyama, J. He and Y.Yu,"Allocation and control of FACTS devices for steady-state stability enhancement for largescale power system,"IEEE International Conference on Power System Technology, Vol.1, pp. 357–361, August 1998.

[3]. H. Okamoto, A. Kurita, Y.Sekine,"A method for identification of effective locations of variable impedence apparatus on enhancement of steady-state stability in large scale power systems", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,Vol.10,No.3,pp.1401-1407,August 1995.
[4]. N. K. Sharma, A.Ghosh and R. K. Varma, "A novel placement strategy for FACTS controllers", IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol.18, no.3, pp.982-987, July 2003.

Abstract: This paper proposes energy modeling for robot based on real measurements data. First, the paper proposes six preliminary ANN Models on both carpet and hard floor. These models' Inputs: Theoretical Time, Theoretical Velocity and Output: The Current; then with Inputs: Theoretical Time, Theoretical Velocity and Output: The Current, The Voltage; and finally with Inputs: Time, Real Linear Velocity, Rotational Velocity and Output: The Current, The Voltage. Second, a global ANN model with time and speed as inputs and current, voltage, linear speed, rotational speed on carpet, along with current, voltage, linear speed, rotational speed on hard floor. This general model is presented in the form of Simulink model after care selection of number in neurons in hidden layer.............
Key Words: Energy, Modeling, Simulink, Artificial Neural Network, Estimation.

[1] M. Wahab, F. Rios-Gutierrez, A. El Shahat, "Energy Modeling of Differential Drive Robots", IEEE SoutheastCon 2015
Conference, April 9-12, 2015 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.
[2] S. Liu and D. Sun, "Minimizing energy consumption of wheeled mobile robots via optimal motion planning," Mechatronics,
IEEE/ASME Transactions on, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 401–411, April 2014.
[3] S. Liu and D. Sun, "Modeling and experimental study for minimization of energy consumption of a mobile robot," in Advanced
Intelligent Mechatronics (AIM), 2012 IEEE/ASME International Conference on, July 2012, pp. 708–713.
[4] S. Liu and D. Sun, "Optimal motion planning of a mobile robot with minimum energy consumption," in Advanced Intelligent
Mechatronics (AIM), 2011 IEEE/ASME International Conference on, July 2011, pp. 43–48

Abstract: The circuit presented is a solar photovoltaic PWM charger for charging USB-powered devices. It is intended as a portable and tidier substitute to the commonly assembled petrol generator powered multi-socket AC phone chargers displayed in market stalls in Nigeria. The unit consists of two DC-DC step-down buck converter circuits; the first employs a TL494 switchmode regulator to charge a 12 V/24 Ah battery in constant current, constant voltage mode, while the second is based around multiple MC34063 switchmode ICs, each configured as a 5 V buck converter to run USB devices such as iPads, iPods, MP3 players, Bluetooth devices as well as chargers for mobile phones
Key Words: Buck Converter, Constant Current-Constant Voltage, Pulse Width Modulation, Switch mode regulator, solar PV, USB devices.

[1]. TL494 Switch mode pulse width modulation control circuit. ON Semiconductor. [Online] Available at http://onsemi.com [Accessed November 16, 2007].
[2]. P. Griffith, Designing Switching Voltage Regulators with the TL494 Application Report SLVA001D. Texas Intruments. Rev. [Online] Available at: www.ti.com/lit/an/slva001e/slva001e.pdf [Accessed November 16, 2007].
[3]. J.H. Alberkrack, A simplified power supply design using the TL494 control circuit, AN983/D. [Online] Available at http://onsemi.com [Accessed October 22 2007].
[4]. I. Ozkaynak, Theory of operation of Ni-MH Battery Charger. [Online] Available at: http://powerelectronics.com/site- files/powerelectronics.com/files/archive/powerelectronics.com/mag/606PET25.pdf [Accessed April 4, 2015].
[5]. D. Schelle, and J. Castorena, Buck-Converter Design Demystified Power Electronics Technology. [Online] Available at: http://powerelectronics.com/site-files/powerelectronics.com/files/archive/powerelectronics.com/mag/606PET25.pdf [Accessed April 4, 2015].

Abstract: A parabolic dish antenna positioning system is a control unit which directs the antenna to desired target automatically. In all its aspects, automation has become widespread and promises to represent the future for satellite tracking antenna systems. The term tracking is used to mean that the control system should utilize suitable algorithms to automate the process of pointing the antenna to a selected satellite thereby establishing the desired line of sight (LOS)..............
Key Words: ANFIS, Antenna-Positioning System, DC servomotor, NFSC

[1] J.K. Kim, K.R. Cho and C. S. Jang, "Fuzzy control of data link antenna control system for moving vehicles," ICCAS, June 2005.
[2] T.V. Hoi, N. T. Xuan and B. G. Duong, "Satellite tracking control system using Fuzzy PID controller," VNU Journal of Science: Mathematics and Physics, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 36-46, 2015.
[3] M. N. Soltani, R .Zamanabadi and R. Wisniewski, "Reliable control of ship-mounted satellite tracking antenna," IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, p. 99, 2010.
[4] L. Xuan, J. Estrada and J. Di Giacomandrea, "Antenna azimuth position control system analysis and controller implementation," Design Problem, July 2009.
[5] M. Ahmed, S.B. Mohd Noor, M. K. Hassan and A.B.Che Soh, "A Review of Strategies for Parabolic Antenna Control," Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, vol. 8(7), pp. 135-148, May 2014.