iosr-JEEE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2016

Abstract: In today's world be it offices, laboratories, school or home the first thing which concern is the security. In order to make your data, money, premises and personal belonging safe and secured from unauthorized person. This paper represents a finger print recognition biometrics system based on real time embedded system which will provides a complete security solution and making unable to access for the unauthorized people. In comparison to the other methods authentication through RFID, passwords security this method has proven to be most efficient and reliable............
Key Words: R305, Arduino, Buzzer, GSM Modem, Security

[1]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Password
[2]. https://www.techopedia.com/definition/8797/password-protection
[3]. http://www.technovelgy.com/ct/technology-article.asp
[4]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RFID_skimming
[5]. https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardUno
[6]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arduino

Abstract: Quadrotor helicopters or simply called as Quadrotors represent a useful class of flying robots and are an emerging popular platform for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) research and have applications of their own. Due to their simplicity of construction, easy maintenance, their ability to hover effortlessly, strong abilities of VTOL, vertical take off and landing (VTOL) capabilities, high manoeuvrability and controllability (especially in indoor areas).............
Key Words: Quadrotor, UAV, Image Processing .

[1]. J. G. Leishman. The Breguet - Richet Quad Rotor Helicopter of 1907,
[2]. http://www.glue.umd.edu/_leishman/Aero, accessed Jan. 2009.
[3]. PRNewswire (Feb 1, 2010). Teal Group Predicts Worldwide UAV Market
[4]. Will Total Over $80 Billion in its Just Released UAV Market Profile and
[5]. Forecast. PRNewswire - January 2011 from

Abstract: This paper describes the controller with variable structure in water supply management system. It is shown that in the transition mode it should be used the bang-bang controller. In stabilization mode problem is solved using linear-quadratic regulator. In the article block diagram of control system was proposed, which implements an optimal strategy in two different modes for the water system.
Key Words: Variable structure control, water supply, linear quadratic regulator, control system

[1]. Sydorenko, V.V, Buravchenko K.O., Analiz prychyn kolyvannia tysku u systemakh vodopostachannia z metoiu yikh minimizatsii
[Analysis of the Causes of Pressure Fluctuations in Water Supply Systems]. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats. Natsionalnyi universytet
korablebuduvannia imeni admirala Makarova, 28 (460), 2015, pp. 113-117.
[2]. Buravchenko, K. O. Research and analysis of dynamics of pump unit control process. Technology audit and production
reserves, 3(2 (29)), 2016, 15-19.
[3]. Bakker, M., Rajewicz, T., Kien, H., Vreeburg, J. H. G., and Rietveld, L. C., Reducing energy consumption and leakage by active
pressure control in a water supply system. In ICEAM 2013: International Conference of Economics and Asset Management" Asset
Management for Enhancing Energy Efficiency in Water and Wastewater Systems", Marbella, Spain, 24-26 April 2013. IWA.
[4]. Araujo, L. S., Ramos, H., and Coelho, S. T., Pressure control for leakage minimisation in water distribution systems
management. Water Resources Management, 20(1), 2006, 133-149.
[5]. Pontryagin, L. C., Boltyansky, V. C., Gamkrelidze, R. V., and Mischenko, E. F. (1961). Mathematical theory of optimal
problem. Gosudarst. Izdat. Fiz.-Mat. Literatury, Moskva, Nauka (in Russian).

Abstract: Design methodology and characteristics analysis of a hexagonal photonic crystal fiber (H-PCF) is presented in this paper. Here, chromatic dispersion, effective area and confinement loss are analyzed for 1.00 to 2.10 μm wavelength range. The PCF is simulated by finite element method (FEM) with perfectly matched layers (PML). Hexagonal PCF with five rings of air holes for near zero ultra-flattened dispersion over 1100 to 1600 nm wavelength range is shown. The special property of proposed PCF is the design simplicity with near zero ultra-flattened dispersion, which is much needed in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) applications.....
Key Words: photonic crystal fiber; residual dispersion; holey fiber;zero flattened dispersion;dispersion.

[1] J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, and D. M. Atkin, "All-silica single-mode optical fiber with photonic crystal cladding,"
Opt. Lett., vol. 21, pp.1547-1549 Oct.1996.
[2] J. Broeng, S. Barkou, A. Bjarklev, J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, and P. St. J. Russell, "Highly increased photonic band gaps in silica/air
structures," Optics Communications, vol. 156, pp.240-244, 1998.
[3] FERRANDO A., SILVESTRE E., MIRET J.J., ANDRES P., Nearly zero ultraflattend dispersion in photonic crystal fibers, Optics
Letters 25(11), 2000, pp. 790–792.
[4] Rahman, M., Mostazir, A., Alam, M., & Habib, M. (2013). Design Of Near Zero Ultra-Flattened Chromatic Dispersion Highly Non
Linear Holey Fiber In Tele Communication Band. International Journal Of Engineering & Technology, 2(1), 70-76.
doi:10.14419/ijet.v2i1.505.
[5] M. Selim Habib, M. Samiul Habib, S. M. Abdur Razzak, and M. anwar Hossain,"Proposal for Highly Birefringent Broadband
Dispersion Compensating Octagonal Photonic Crystal Fiber," Opt. Fiber technol., (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yofte.2013.05.014),
May 2013.

Abstract: Due to rapid increase in the production and use of DC appliances it has become a necessity and important to use a converter which can rectify the AC power and can deliver the exact amount of power necessary for the loads to run by either stepping up or stepping down the input power. This paper shows the simulation and design of a flyback converter based on the user specifications....
Key Words: Solar energy, flyback converter, DC loads

[1]. G.Boyle, "Renewable Energy, Power for a sustainable future", Oxford University Press in association with the Open University, second edition, 2004.
[2]. Rakesh Maurya1, Punnaiah Gunturu & Shaikh Mo,'" Simulation and Design of an Integrated Fly Back Converter for Uninterruptible Power Supply",IEEE Trans, Vol 3,2010.
[3]. W. Tang, Y. Jiang, G. C. Hua, and F. C. Lee," Power Factor Correction With Flyback Converter Employing Charge Control", IEEE Trans, 1993.
[4]. K. Umamaheswari , V. Venkatachalam "Single Phase Converters for Power Factor Correction with Tight Output Voltage Regulation" International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering , Volume 3, Issue 2, February 2013
[5]. Y. M. Liu and L.K.Chang, "Single-stage soft-switching AC–DC converter with input current shaping for universal line applications," IEEE Trans. and.Electron.,vol.56, no.2, pp.467–479, Feb.2009.

Abstract: In this paper, design and simulation of a 10 GHz Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) for Wireless communication systems have been explored. The simulation result has been performed by using the Agilent Advanced Design System (ADS) software. Tuning and optimization tools of ADS software have been used to optimize results. The High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) based on GaN is used for decreasing of Minimum Noise Figure (NFmin) of LNA. Also, for more decreasing NFmin of LNA radial stub elements are implemented in biasing network. We have designed a 10 GHz LNA based on three design manner basing on the lumped, the distributed and radial stub elements.......
Key Words: forward gain, Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), noise figure, radial stub element, lumped element.

[1] Mohammad Fallahnejad, Alireza Kashaniniya, Design of Low Noise Amplifiers at 10 GHZ and 15 GHZ for Wireless Communication Systems characters, IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE), Volume 9, Issue 5 Ver. IV, 2014, 47-53.
[2] Mohammad Fallahnejad, Alireza Kashaniniya, Design of a Low Noise Amplifier for 10 GHz Wireless Communication systems, 6th Iranian conference on electrical and electronic engineering ICEEE), 2014
[3] Yu. Na Su and G. Li, Design of a Low Noise Amplifier of RF Communication Receiver for Mine, Electrical & Electronics Engineering (EEESYM), , 2012 IEEE Symposium on, 2012, 125-127
[4] C. Kumar and N. Gupta, Design of Front End Low Noise Amplifier for Wireless Devices, Engineering and Systems (SCES), 2012 Students Conference on , 2012, 1-4
[5] Mohammad Fallahnejad, Alireza Kashaniniya, Mehdi Vadizadeh, Design and Simulation Noise Characteristics of AlGaN/GaN HEMT on SIC Substrate for Low Noise Applications, IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE), Volume 10, Issue 3 Ver. II, 2015, 31-37

Abstract: Voices over Internet Protocol (VoIP) allow users to make calls and receive calls by connecting through internet protocols to deliver voice data. The reasons behind growing popularity of VoIP include; low cost, efficient bandwidth and flexibility over Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). In this study we present a VoIP system using Local Area Network (LAN) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) for connectivity. These systems will be referred to as VoWLAN and Wired VoIP.VoWLAN offers a significantly extended operational range. Users increasingly rely on WLAN connections creating a challenge due to increase in demand. The designed model used in this paper is simulated to derive measurements of selected parameters such as delay,.......
Key Words:VoIP, WLAN, VoWLAN, NS-3, UDP, TCP

[1]. Wikipedia. "Voice Over IP," Available: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_IP [Accessed: January 27, 2016]
[2]. Wikibooks. "TCP and UDP Protocols," Available:
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Communication_Networks/TCP_and_UDP_Protocols.html [Accessed: January 27, 2016]
[3]. NS3 doxygen "NS3 Documentation," https://www.nsnam.org/doxygen/ [Accesses: January 27, 2016]
[4]. CISCO, "Voice Over IP - Per Call Bandwidth Consumption," Available: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/voice/voice-quality/7934-bwidth-consume.html [Accessed: January 27, 2016]
[5]. Wikipedia. "Packet delay variation," Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_delay_variation [Accessed: January 27, 2016]
[6]. Hole, D.P. Tobagi, F.A. "Capacity of an IEEE 802.11b Wireless Lan supporting VoIP," Communications, 2004 IEEE International Conference on, vol.1, no., pp. 196-201

Abstract: To maintain high efficiency and high power density increased switching frequency is the primary path. The push-pull converter used as ac-dc converter is very suitable for low and medium power application. High efficiency, low switching loss and high power density are the predominance of this application Increased switching frequency gives high power density, reduces size of components and this give simplicity of the circuit. Main aim of proposed topology is to obtain isolated dc voltage from ac voltage input with reduced switching losses and high input poer factor. This topology uses push-pull converter with z-source to improve input power factor and ,50 khz switching frequency with ferrite core transformer to obtain high poer density........
Key Words: Ac to dc converter; high frequency push-pull converter; ferrite core transformer,z-source.

[1] S. Devikala1 P.Nirmalkumar2, "Experimental Verification of Soft Switching Push-Pull DC to DC Converter", International Conference on Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems December16-19, 2012.
[2] Imam Febriyandi, F. Danang Wijaya, Eka Firmansyah, "DC-DC converter as power supply of battery charger 100 V 300 W using 25 khz switching frequency", IEEE Conference on Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 2014.
[3] M.Ishitobi, S.Moisseev, L.Gamage, M.Nakaoka, D.Bessyo and H.Omori, "Pulse Width and Pulse Frequency Modulation Pattern Controlled ZVS Inverter v p e AC-DC Power Converter with Lowered Utility", IEEE 2002.
[4] John S. Glaser, Juan M. Rivas, "A 500 W Push-pull Dc-dc Power Converter with a 30 MHz Switching Frequency" IEEE 2010.
[5] Manu Jain, M. Daniele, and Praveen K. Jain, "A Bidirectional DC–DC Converter Topology for Low Power Application", IEEE Transactions on power electronics, vol. 15, no. 4, July 2000.

Abstract: An image is a collection of pixels arranged in a meaningful fashion. The brightness of these pixels are represented by intensity levels which is a proportionate number stored in computer memory. In general the more the intensity of pixels is uniformly distributed the better the image quality. However sometimes due to various sudden, unavoidable or intentional changes in lighting condition the object or the scene under consideration is not properly exposed. In such cases we resort to image processing techniques to enhance the image quality. In subsequent sections we introduce histogram, different equalization techniques and their simulation.
Key Words: Image, processing, contrast, histogram, simulation

[1]. "Improvement of histogram equalization using bi-histogram equalization technique for image enhancement". Sarthak Patnaik, Rasmita Lenka, Sidhartha Sinha
[2]. Chen, Soong-Der, and Abd Rahman Ramli. "Minimum mean brightness error bi-histogram equalization in contrast enhancement." Consumer Electronics, IEEE Trans-actions on 49.4 (2003): 1310-1319.
[3]. Kim, Mary, and Min Gyo Chung. "Recursively separated and weighted histogram equal-ization for brightness preservation and contrast enhancement." Consumer Electronics, IEEE Transactions on 54.3 (2008): 1389-1397.
[4]. Gonzalez, Rafael C. "RE woods, Digital Image Processing." Addison–Wesely Publishing Company (1992).

Abstract: In this article we study the nonlinear dynamics of a quantum mesoscopic circuit in the range where the initial condition 0  ,that is, the initial normalized magnetic flux of the system which oscillate in the interval [- 0  , + 0  ] is close to  . This circuit is modeled as a LC circuit with quantized electric charge excited by energy battery that can produce an electrical discreteness charge in LC quantum circuit in the form of narrow pulses.
Key Words: charge discreteness, mesoscopic , quantum circuit

[1] W.H. Louisell, Quantum Statistical Properties of Radiation, Wiley, USA, 1973.
[2] Y.Q. Li, B. Chen, Phys. Rev. B 53 (1996) 4027.
[3] C.A. Utreras-Díaz, D. Laroze, Mod. Phys. Lett. B 26 (2012) 1250138.
[4] C. A. Contreras and D. Laroze, Physica B, 476, 77-81, (2015).
[5] S. Datta, Lessons from Nanoelectronics, a Lecture Notes Series (Volume 1, Publication, Singapore :World Scientific Press, 2012).

Abstract: H∞ controller is one of the techniques of robust control. H∞ control technique is aimed to obtain a robust control system, i.e. the control system is insensitive to the differences between the actual system and the model of the system which was used to design the controller. This control technique is very popular, and has been implemented in many important engineering applications. One important application of H∞ controller is in the field of electrical power engineering, where the H∞ controller concept has been employed for the purpose of damping of power oscillation. This paper provides an overview on the H∞ controller and its application in improving dynamic performance of an electrical power system.
Key Words: H∞ controller, robust control, dynamic performance, power system, oscillation damping

[1] Skogestad, S., and Postlethwaite, I.: Multivariable Feedback Control, John Wiley & Sons, UK, 2001.
[2] Gu, D.W., Petkov, P.H., and Konstantinov, M.M.: Robust Control Design with MATLAB, Springer-Verlag, London, 2005.
[3] Zhou, K., Doyle, J.C., and Glover, K.: Robust and Optimal Control, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1995.
[4] Gahinet, P., and Apkarian, P.: "A linear matrix inequality approach to H∞ control‟, Int. J. Robust Nonlinear Control, 1994, 4, (4), pp.421-448.
[5] Scherer, C., Gahinet, P., and Chilali, M.: "Multiobjective output-feedback control via LMI optimization‟, IEEE Trans. Automatic Control, 1997, 42, (7), pp. 896-911

Abstract: Sustainable power source is going to assume a significant job later on vitality situation. All the
current topologies utilize number of middle of the road arranges before change of DC contribution to the AC
yield to the lattice side. For this sort of transformation, effectiveness is low and number of intensity parts are
likewise extremely high. In this paper, a minimal effort high effectiveness basic DC-AC flyback inverter is
proposed. The proposed converter comprises of a straightforward flyback converter followed by a basic full
extension inverter with inactive snubber in the essential. The methods of activity of the converter alongside the
plan of the converter with the snubber is talked about. Exploratory outcomes from reproductions are introduced
too.

Key words: Single Phase Grid, Micro Inverter, Fuel Cells

[1]. EPIA; Global market outlook for Photovoltaics, Report 2013-2017.
[2]. German Advisory Council on Global Change, WBGU Berlin; www.wbgu.de; Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st
Century, Renewables, Global Status Report 2006.
[3]. Kjaer S. B., Pedersen J. K. and Blaabjerg F., "A review of single-phase grid-connected inverters for photovoltaic modules," IEEE
Trans. on, Ind. Appl., vol. 41, pp. 1292-1306, 2005.
[4]. Li Q. and Wolfs P., "A Review of the Single Phase Photovoltaic Module Integrated Converter Topologies with Three Different DC
Link Configurations," IEEE Trans. on Power electron. vol. 23, pp. 1320-1333, May 2008.
[5]. Calais M., Myrzik J., Spooner T. and Agelidis V. G., "Inverters for single-phase grid connected photovoltaic systems-an
overview,"in proc. IEEE PESC, 2002, pp. 1995-2000.

Abstract: This paper presents a test examination for heat move upgrade and liquid stream in elliptic al
sections fitted with various rib geomettries. Limit conditions are: bay coo lant air temperature is 300 K and
stream Reeynolds number range (11000, 13500 and 16000). The encompassing steady tourist temperatures was
(673 K).Results present the impact of utilizing diverse rib geometries in various circular entry perspective r atio
on the liquid stream and warmth move charracteristics. The cooling air temperature appropriation at the
section centerline, inward divider surface temperature of the channel, normal Nusselt number, contact factor
rattio, and warm execution factor are p disdained in this paper. I was indicated that normal Nusselt number
expanded with in wrinkling Reynolds number, and the most elevated worth was found for utilizing rib 1 and
chann el perspective (2).Increasing......

Keywords: Gas Turbine, Heat Transfer Enhancement, Internal Cooling, Rib Turbulator

[1]. Han J.C.; Dutta S.; Ekkad S.V "Gas Turbine Heat Transfer and Cooling Technology," Taylor & Francis, Inc, New York(2000).
[2]. Chandra P. R.; Han, J. C.; and Lau, S. C. "Effect of Rib Angle on Local Heat/Mass Transfer Distribution in a Two-Pass Rib-
Roughened Channel". Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 110, pp. 233–241(1988).
[3]. Han J. C.; Park J. S. "Developing Heat Transfer in Rectangular Channels with Rib Turbulators", International Journal of Heat and
Mass Transfer, Vol. 31, pp.183-195(1988).
[4]. Han J. C.; Zhang Y. M.; and Lee C. P ""Influence of Surface Heat Flux Ratio on Heat Transfer Augmentation in Square Channels
With Parallel, Crossed, and V-Shaped Angled Ribs". Journal of Turbomachinery, Vol. 114, pp. 872 (1992).
[5]. AravindR.Sampath, " Effect of Rib Turbulators on Heat Transfer Performance in Stationary Ribbed Channels" M.Sc. Thesis,
Department Of Mechanical Engineering , Cleveland State University,(2009).

Abstract: Today, as an ever-increasing number of families have working individuals, homes are in effect left
unmonitored for a few hours every day. There is no arrangement for crisis cautions, robotization systems or
observing offices for the home condition conditions. There is colossal potential for mechanical improvement
toward this path particularly in view of the progression in the Internet of Things (IoT) [1]. It is conceivable to
screen home condition conditions utilizing sensors to distinguish temperature, stickiness, light, stable and gas
focuses noticeable all around. It is likewise conceivable to screen altered circumstances, for example, water
tanks being full, dustbins being over-burden and fridges left open. The need of great importance is a
coordinated answer for have the option to screen nature conditions from a solitary portable application [7].
Some level of mechanization to control the home condition conditions alongside warnings if there should be an
occurrence of crisis circumstances, for example, gas spills additionally should be a piece of this single
arrangement. This contextual investigation paper is taken to give a solitary coordinated answer for the
previously mentioned issue of being not able to keep homes checked for a few hours in the day. The idea is
tweaked to screen these conditions and......

Keywords: Integrated Development Environment, Internet of Things, Java Development Kit, Light Emitting Diode, Model View Controller, Platform as a Service.

[1]. Sebastian Lange (VDI/VDE-IT), Andreas Nettsträter (Fraunhofer IML), Stephan Haller (SAP), Francois Carrez (University of
Surrey), Alessandro Bassi (Hitachi) Introduction to the Architectural Reference Model for the Internet of Things, Technical Report,
v1.5, 2012.
[2]. Massimo Banzi, Michael Shiloh, Getting started with Arduino, 3rd Edition, Maker Media, Inc., 2015
[3]. Arduino Mega – Developer Community https://www.arduino.cc/ Stack Overflow – Developer Community
http://stackoverflow.com/
[4]. EnviroAlert System by Winland Electronics: http://www.safe-n-secureinc.com/qs_ea200-400.pdf
[5]. Acurite Weather Environment System: http://www.acurite.com/weather-environment-system-01058.html