iosr-JEEE   Volume-12 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2017

Abstract: The basic control objectives of a power system are system voltage control, system frequency control, protection and economic operation. Reactive power control is a subset of overall system control and stability. A power system is said to be well designed if it gives a good quality of reliable supply. By good quality is said meant the voltage levels are maintained within the reasonable limits. If the voltage variation is more than a pre specified value, the performance of the equipment suffers and the life of most of the equipment is sacrificed. When power is supplied to a load through transmission line keeping sending end voltage constant...........
Key Words: Fuzzy logic controller (FLC), fuzzy logic, FACTS, Reactive power control, SVC , power system stability.

[1]. Narain. G. Hingorani, "Understanding FACTS, Concepts and Technology Of flexible AC Transmission Systems", by IEEE Press USA.
[2]. Bart Kosko, "Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems A Dynamical Systems Approach to Machine Intelligence", Prentice-Hall of India New Delhi, June 1994.
[3]. Timothy J Ross, "Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications", McGraw-Hill, Inc, New York, 1997.
[4]. Laboratory Manual for Transmission line and fuzzy Trainer Kit Of Electrical Engineering Department NIT Warangal
[5]. SIM Power System User Guide Version 4 MATLAB Manual

Abstract: In recent years, people have been committed to the development and the design of new lighting sources. The life of LED lamps depends on the life of the LED driver which has a great relationship with the life of the electrolytic capacitor. In this paper the advantages of the drive power of the electrolytic capacitor are analyzed and the design of the PFC circuit and the transformer is described in details. On the basis of the LNK417 driver chip, a novel single-stage flyback drive circuit without the electrolytic capacitor is designed, which combines the power factor correction technology and constant current control...........
Key Words: Electrolytic capacitor; single-stage flyback; high power factor; LNK417

[1]. Zhang Xiaofei. 150W Electrolytic Capacitor LED Drive Power Supply Design[D]. Hangzhou University of Electronic Science and Technology. 2013,(1):2-4.
[2]. Huang Shenqian. Research on Electrified Capacitor LED Driving Power Based on Flyback Converter[D]. Guangxi University. 2014,(1):2-3.
[3]. Wang Shu. Research on LED Driving Power Without Strobe Electrification Capacitance[D]. Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. 2011,(4):33-36.
[4]. Wang Beibei. Research on High Brightness LED Driving Power Supply Without Electrolytic Capacitance[D]. Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. 2009,(2):14-16.
[5]. Zhu Xuanwei. 100W Electrolytic Capacitor LED Driver Technology Research[D]. Hangzhou University of Electronic Science and Technology.2012,(1):7-8.

Abstract: Three phase induction motors are employed in almost all the industries because of its simple construction and easy operation. Efficiency of the induction motor is affected by its fixed losses and variable losses which mainly depend on the input supply voltage and load current respectively. An attempt is made to minimize the iron losses by using the permanent magnet ferrite. A new Three Phase Induction Motor Using Written Pole Technology is proposed in this paper in which stator consists of two three phase windings accommodated in the same stator core and rotor is used as squirrel cage rotor with ferrite material on its periphery. Shaft loads are categorized as low...........
Key Words: Three phase induction motor with written pole technology, dq-Transformation, Simulation, Transient Analysis, Reliability.

[1]. S. Hoffman, B. Banerjee, and M. Samotyj, "Written-pole Revolution," IEEE Power Eng. Rev., pp. 6–9, 1997.
[2]. P.L. Alger, E.H.Freiburghouse and.D.Chase, "Double windings for flexible alternators", AIEE Transactions, Vol.49, January 1930,
pp. 226 – 244.
[3]. Alfredo Munaz-Garcia, Thomas A.Lipo, "Dual stator winding Induction Machine Drive", IEEE Transactions on Industry
Applications, Volume 36, Issue 5, Sep/Oct 2000 pp.1369 – 1379.
[4]. Bhuvaneswari, R., Subramanian, S. (2005), "Optimization of three phase induction motor design using simulated annealing
algorithm", Electric Power Components and Systems, Vol. 33, pp.947-56.
[5]. Murthy, S.S., Singh, B.P." Power Electronics, Drives and Energy Systems for Industrial Growth", Proceedings of the 1996
International Conference on Volume 1, Issue, 8-11 Jan 1996, pp.458 - 462 vol.1 .

Abstract: Series and parallel capacitors in the power system effect reactive power to improve power factor and voltage because of increasing the system capacity and reducing losses. Reactive power of series capacitor is the same to the current. There are certain unpleasant aspects in the capacitor series. Generally, the cost to install a series capacitor is higher than parallel capacitor. It is caused by complex protection equipment for series capacitor and designing series capacitors for greater power than parallel capacitor to solve the future cost. Installation of capacitors is important to reduce of a system reactive power...........
Key Words: Capacitor, parallel, factor, load.

[1]. Abdul Kadir, Penghantar Teknik Tenaga Listrik, 1980, Jakarta LP3ES
[2]. AS. Pabla, Sistem Distribusi Daya Listrik, Erlangga, 1994
[3]. Ir. Muslimin Marpaung, Teknik Tenaga Listrik, 1979, Bandung Armico.
[4]. Zuhal, Dasar Tenaga Listrik, 1979,ITB

Abstract: A high stable CMOS temperature sensor is presented. A low-pass filter circuit is added in the output of traditional CMOS temperature sensor to improve the stability of its output,. The supply power voltage of the temperature sensor is 1.8V. The PSRR of the temperature sensor is -82dB in low frequency state. And the PSRR is -45dB in worst case. The OP-AMP of sensor has 63º phase margin. The output mode is voltage, whose linearity error is less than 0.2% and resolution ratio is more than 2.6mV/℃.
Key Words: CMOS, temperature sensor, high stable, high precision, cascode

[1] Hany Fathalla Hassan Mokbel. Optimization of the Mechanical Design of the Dual Axis Inertially Stabilized Platform for the Line of Sight Stabilization[D]. Changchun University of Science and Technology, 2013.
[2] Ali Sahafi,Jafar Sobhi,Ziaddin Daie Koozehkanani. Nano Watt CMOS temperature sensor[J]. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing,2013 ,753:.
[3] Xiaokang Guan,Xin Wang,Albert Wang,Bin Zhao. A 3 V 110 μW 3.1 ppm/°C curvature-compensated CMOS bandgap reference[J]. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 2010, 622:.
[4] Liangbo Xie,Jiaxin Liu,Yao Wang,Yu Han,Guangjun Wen. A low power CMOS voltage reference generator with temperature and process compensation[J]. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 2014, 811:.
[5] Christian Jésus B. Fayomi,Gilson I. Wirth,Hervé Facpong Achigui,Akira Matsuzawa. Sub 1 V CMOS bandgap reference design techniques: a survey[J]. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing, 2010, 622:.

Abstract: Sustainable development demands environmentally friendly products and hence Research and Development ecosystem needs to adopt environmental compliances. This fact is truer for Electrical and Electronics products as its new product launch rate is very high which also produces high rate of obsolescence and hence e-waste. In India one of the environmental standards is RoHS and in this review a case has been presented for early adoption of the compliance in Indian Research and Development ecosystem through modified Nair's Product Development Cycle...........
Key Words: RoHS, R&D, WEEE, E-waste, sustainability

[1] S Dutta and S Caulkin, The power of innovation, World Business (INSEAD), 2007
[2] G. H. Brundtland, Our Common Future, The World Commission on Environment and Development (Oxford University Press, 1987)
[3] S D Das, Prospects of Microwave Heating in Silicon Solar Cell Fabrication – A Review, IOSR-JEEE, Volume 6, Issue 3 (May. - Jun. 2013), PP 28-38
[4] C.P.Baldé, F. Wang, R. Kuehr, J Huisman, THE GLOBAL E-WASTE MONITOR 2014, Quantities, flows and resources, United Nations University
[5] http://www.assocham.org/ [accessed 7th July 2016]

Abstract: An accurate electric current transducer is a key component of any power system instrumentation. To measure currents power stations and substations conventionally employ inductive type current transformers .For high voltage applications, porcelain insulators and oil-impregnated materials have to be used to produce insulation between the primary bus and the secondary windings. The insulation structure has to be designed carefully to avoid electric field stresses, which could eventually cause insulation breakdown. The electric current path of the primary bus has to be designed properly to minimize the mechanical forces on the primary conductors for through faults............
Key Words: Electric current transducer, Faraday effect, power system, switchyards, current transformers

[1]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 5, No. 2, April 1990, Paul Johnston
[2]. Westinghouse Electric Corporation Raleigh, North Carolina
[3]. S. Saito, J. Hamasaki, Y. Fujii, K. Yokoyama, and Y. Ohno, "Development of the laser current transformer for extra high- voltage power transmission lines', IEEE J. Quant. Elec., vol QE-3, pp. 569-597, Nov. 1967.
[4]. A.J. Rogers, "Method for the simultaneous measurement of current and voltage on high-voltage lines using optical techniques," Proc. lEEE, Vol. 123, pp. 957-960, Oct. 1976.
[5]. S.C. Rashleigh and R. Ulrich, "Magneto-optic current sensing with bi fringing fibres', Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 34, pp. 766-770, June 1979.

Abstract: The pulse oximetry circuit and its sensing system is designed based on the standard CMOS technology of 0.18um. The reflection oxygen sensor is used to collect the pulse oximeter signal of human body, then the collected physiological signals are processed by the data processing circuit The data processing circuit is composed of two parts: the amplifying circuit and the band-pass filter circuit, and the pulse oximeter data processed by the data processing circuit is written into the tag through the SPI communication The RFID reader read the data in the RFID tag through wireless............
Key Words: Measurement circuit, pulse oximetry, wireless sensor networks, reflection type, active RFID tag

[1] Y. Mendelson, Noninvasive pulse oximetry utilizing skin reflectance photo plethysmography. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 35 (10), 1988, 798-805
[2] V. Kirk, S. Bohn, W. Flemons, and J. Rammers, Comparison of home oximetry monitoring with laboratory polysomnography in children. Amer. College Chest Phys, 2003, 1702-1708
[3] S. Ley, D. Laqua, P. Husar, Simulation of Photon Propagation in Multi-layered Tissue for Non-invasive Fetal Pulse Oximetry, The 15th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, 2013, 356-359
[4] S. Warren, J Lebak, J Yao, at al, Interoperability and security in wireless body area network infrastructures [C], Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2005, 837 -840
[5] T. Polk, W. Walker, A Hande, Wireless telemetry for oxygen saturation measurements [A] .IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems (BiOCAS) Conference Proceedings [C],London , UK ,November , 2006

Abstract: An enormous quantity of concrete is consumed by the construction industry. About 37.5 % volume of
concrete is comprised of sand. A good class concrete is produced by cautious mixing of cement, fine and coarse
aggregates, water and admixtures as required to obtain an optimum quality and economy. Generally, cement
and coarse aggregates are factory made products and their quality and standards can be easily controlled and
maintained. Water used for mixing of concrete is usually tap water. The fine aggregates or sand used is usually
obtained from natural sources particularly river beds or river banks. Nowadays due to constant sand mining,
the natural sand is reducing at an alarming rate. Sand dragging from river beds has led to several
environmental issues. Due to various...........
Key Words: Artificial Sand, Concrete, Natural Sand, Strength.

[1]. Amnon K., and Hadassa B. Effect of high levels of fines content on concrete properties. ACI Material Journal, 103, 2006, pp.474-
481.
[2]. Hudson B.P., Manufactured sand for Concrete. The Indian concrete Journal, 71, 1997,pp. 237-240.
[3]. IS 10262.Recommended guidelines for concrete mix design, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, 2009.
[4]. IS 383. Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi,
1970.
[5]. IS 456. Indian standard code of practice for plain and Reinforced Concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi,.2000

Abstract: Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is a wireless technology that operates in an environment where f
vehicle to vehicle (V2V) framework enables vehicles to share real time traffic status information.VANET
provides self-organized and self-configured wireless technology without the need of gateways. Security threat is
one of the critical challenges in this domain. Attack like packet drop obstructs the performance and reliability of
the communication. The paper focuses at enhancing multi-hop communication by proposing Trust-Based
routings scheme, the approach introduces the mechanism of portioning the communication signal into regions
and zones and acknowledgment technique to provide holistic control and tracking of the packet flow from
source node to the destination node.
Key Words: multihop, packet drop, VANET, V2V, wireless

[1]. Elias C. Eze Si-Jing Zhang En-Jie Liu Joy C. Eze, "Advances in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs): Challenges and Road-map
for Future Development, "International Journal of Automation and Computing: Springer, vol.13,no.1,pp.1–18,JANUARY2016.
[2]. Arun Kumar KA, "Worm Hole-Black Hole attack Detection and Avoidance in Manet with Random PTT using FPGA,"
International Conference on Communication Systems and Networks, pp. 21-23,2016.
[3]. Dr.M.YuvarajuM.Sindhuja, "Congestion Control Using On-Board Data Units In VANET Scenarios,"International Journal of MC
Square Scientific Research, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1-9, November 2015.
[4]. Shahzad F., Qayyum A., Mehmood R Gillani S., "A Survey on Security in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks," in Springer, Berlin,
Communication Technologies for Vehicles, Heidelberg, 2013, pp.59-74.
[5]. Kiho Lim and Manivannan D., "An efficient protocol for authenticated and secure message delivery in vehicular ad hoc networks,"
Elsevier Inc: Vehicular Communications, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 30–37,2016

Abstract: The wireless sensor networks (WSN) consist with large number of sensor nodes operational
together to perform some specific task. The sensor nodes are typically programmed for monitoring the
environment and collect Packets of information and pass them to user agent through the sink node. The sink
node is designed for accessing information on remote mode by various communication technologies. Since, the
low powered nodes have an insight as an important design challenge to achieve the lifetime maximization of
network. Therefore, design and develop an effective data aggregation techniques that conserve limited energy
resources is a critical issue in WSN. There are number of data aggregation techniques using soft computing
techniques with available but still it seems reduced amount of satisfactory in terms of sustain their energy on
entire network. This..........
Key Words: Data aggregation, fuzzy, swam, ACO, GA

[1]. Mohamed K. Watfa and SeshCommuri. "An Energy Efficient Approach to Dynamic Coverage in Wireless Sensor
Networks".InJournal of Networks1(4)(2006).
[2]. Khin Thanda Soe. "Increasing Lifetime of Target Tracking Wireless Sensor Networks". World Academy of Science. In Engineering
and Technology42 (2008).
[3]. J. Heidemann et al. "Building Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks with Low-Level Naming". In: 18th ACM Symposiumon
Operating Systems Principles.(Oct.21-24,2001).
[4]. M.Umadevi and Dr.M.Devapriya."Perceptions on Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Network". In: International Journal of
Advance Foundationand Researchin Computer 2(7)(2015).
[5]. Zhao, J., Erdogan, A., Arslan, T. "A Novel Application Specific Network Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks". In:
IEEE Int. Symp. on Circuits and Systems (2005) (ISCAS'05)5894–5897.

Abstract: In this paper a filter is designed using open stub loaded stepped impedance resonators on Taconic
RF35 substrate. This filter is reconfigured to switch from a single band-to-dualband bandpass filter using
switches in the range 1.87-2.08GHz and 2.024-2.206GHz for single bands and 1.95- 2.11GHz and 2.22-
2.35GHz for dualband bandpass filter. Thus different bands are available for various wireless applications.

Key Words: Stub Loaded Stepped Impedance Resonators, Close Band, Bandpass Filter, Reconfigurable Filter

[1]. J. S. Hong and M. J. Lancaster, Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications, 2001, New York: Wiley, pp.563.
[2]. Y.-M. Chen, S.-F. Chang, C. Y. Chou, and K.-H. Liu, "A Reconfigurable Bandpass-to-Bandstop filter Based on Varactor- Loaded
Closed Ring Resonators," IEEE Microw. Mag, Volume 10, Number 1, pp. 138–140, Feb.2009.
[3]. Daotong Li, Yonghong Zhang, Kaijun Song, Kaida Xu & Joshua L.-W. Li, "Miniaturized Close Dual-Band Bandpass Filter Based
on Short Stub-Loaded Stepped-Impedance Resonators," in Electromagnetics, Volume 35, pp. 49-58, February 2015.
[4]. Makimoto, M., & S. Yamashita, Microwave Resonators and Filters for Wireless Communication. Springer New York. 2001,
Chapter 2.
[5]. Lei Zhu, Sheng Sun, Rui Li(auth.), Kai Chang(eds.)- Microwave Bandpass Filters for Wideband Communications, 2002