iosr-JEEE   Volume-12 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov-Dec 2017

Abstract: In a electric vehicle powertrain, a boost dc-dc converter enables reduction of the size of the electric machine and optimization of the battery system. Design of the powertrain boost converter is challenging because the converter must be rated at high peak power, while efficiency at medium to light load is critical for the vehicle system performance. By previously proposed efficiency improvement approaches offer limited improvements in size, cost and efficiency trade-offs. This paper shows how all dominant loss mechanisms in automotive powertrain application can be mitigated using a new composite converter approaches. It is found that the improved composite converter results in a decrease in the total loss. Furthermore, the total system capacitor power rating and energy rating are substantially reduced, which implies potentials for significant reductions in system size and cost.
Key Words: Boost Converter, Composite Converter, DC-DC Converter, Electric Vehicle Powertrain, Improved Composite Converter.

[1]. U. Anwar, H. Kim, H. Chen, R. Erickson, D. Maksimovic, and K. Afridi, ―A high power density drivetrain-integrated electric
vehicle charger,‖ in submitted to 2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2016.
[2]. K. Aoyama, N. Motoi, Y. Tsuruta, and A. Kawamura, ―High efficiency energy conversion system for decreaces in electric vehicle
battery terminal voltage,‖ IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 12–19, 2016.
[3]. H. Bai and C. Mi, ―Eliminate reactive power and increase system efficiency of isolated bidirectional dual-active-bridge dc-dc
converters using novel dual-phase-shift control,‖ IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 2905–2914, Nov
2008.
[4]. A. Battiston, J.-P. Martin, E.-H. Miliani, B. Nahid-Mobarakeh, S. Pierfederici, and F. Meibody-Tabar, ―Comparison criteria for
electric traction system using Z-source/Quasi Z-source inverter and conventional architectures,‖ IEEE Transactions on Emerging
and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 467–476, Sept 2014.
[5]. I. Castro, D. Lamar, J. Roig, and F. Bauwens, ―Modeling capacitive non-linearities and displacement currents of high-voltage
SuperJunction MOSFET in a novel analytical switching loss model,‖ in 2014 IEEE 15th Workshop on Control and Modeling for
Power Electronics (COMPEL),, June 2014, pp. 1–9.

Abstract: Nowadays unmanned aerial vehicles are being used surveilance, search and rescue, damage assesment alongwith areas where dangereous for people to work. In this work, 4-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle design, altitude and orientation controls of unmanned aerial vehicle are aimed. Quadrotor's mathematical model is mostly focused in this work. Quadrotor has 6 degrees of freedom. Inertial Measurement Unit will be composed for flight stability. Quadrotor's altitude, speed, direction and position datas will be chased and evaluated by the Inertial Measurement Unit. There will be a Quadrotor's central microcontroller which will manage all the components that necessary for flight. This microcontroller will use the data coming from Inertial Measurement Unit and user inorder to control motor speed.............

Keywords: Inertia,Matlab,Newton-Euler, PID,Quadrotor,Simulink

[1]. B. Erginer,2007. Quadrotor VTOL Aracının Modellenmesi ve Kontrolü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi.
[2]. B. Erginer ve E. Altuğ, 2007. Modeling and PD Control of a Quadrotor VTOL Vehicle, 2007 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Publication.
[3]. Çiçekdemir, Ç., Kesler, M., Karakuzu, C., Yüzgeç, U., ARM Mikrodenetleyici Tabanlı Bilkopter' in 9DOF ile Dengelenmesi, ELECO, Bursa,673-677, 29 Kasım- 1 Aralık, 2012.
[4]. Altın, C., Dört Rotorlu İnsansız Hava Aracının Yükseklik ve Konum Kontrolü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Bozok Üniversitesi, Yozgat, 2013. [5]. R. Mahony, V. Kumar, and P. Corke, "Multirotor Aerial Vehicles: Modeling, Estimation, and Control of a Quadrotor," in IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine, vol. 19, Sept. 2012, pp. 20-32..

Abstract: When we planning for cell mobile area, we should put in our consider the traffic and the coverage area by doing analysis using the TDMA – FDMA mobile cellular communication system. In this paper we collaborates with Ooredoo mobile company in Kuwait to see the effect of cell size on the population, average call time, subscriber number per call(SNPC) and call number per hour to get best size of the cell mobile.

Keywords: cell size, population, SNPC, average call time.

[1]. Hakki cavdar, O. akcat "the optimization of cell stations power level in cell planning" in proc. vehicular. Tech. Vol. 42.No.2.may2001
[2]. Fabio Graziosi, Marco pratesi,Mariha ruggieri, Fortunato santuce "A multi cell model of hand over Initiation in mobile cellular networks" in transaction on tech.Vo l.48.N o.3 may 1999.
[3]. Wang, L.,Stuber, G.,and lea,C.,"Architecture design, frequency planning and performance analysis for a Microcell/Macroceli overlaying system" IEEE transaction on vehicular technology. Vol.20,No.2 may 2000
[4]. Elbatt,T. and Ephremides, A.," If Optimization of connection oriented mobile hybrid network system" journal on selected areas in communication Vol, 17 ,No,2 feb, 1999.
[5]. Nanda. S, "teletraffic models for urban and suburban microcell cell size and handoff rates" transaction on vehicular tech. Vol 42.no.,4 pp. 673-682.nov.1993.

Abstract: The inverted pendulum, a popular mechatronic application, is considered as a special class of unstable, non-linear, multivariable and complex mechatronic systems with two degrees of freedom and a single control input. This system is considered as a keen area of interest for researchers in the field of stabilization, control engineering and robotics. In this paper, a mechatronic approach to design a controller for an inverted pendulum is presented through a Bong Graph Method. First, a non-linear dynamic model of the inverted pendulum is developed by means of the Bond Graph Approach. Second, the proposed control law is derived from the Inverse Bond Graph Model of the inverted pendulum using the Bicausality concept. The robustness and effectiveness of the proposed control is verified and simulation results are conducted so as to confirm the validity of the proposed technique. Hands-on experience is carried out by means of the 20-sim software package (a demo version is freely available on the Internet).

Keywords: Bicausality,Bond Graph,Mechatronic, Inverted Pendulum Systems, Inverse Model, PID Control Design, Stability.

[1]. Breedveld Peter C. Port-based modeling of mechatronic systems. Math Com-put Simul 2004;66:99–127.
[2]. Buur J. A theoretical approach to mechatronics design [Ph.D. dissertation];1990.
[3]. J.H. Lee, H.J. Shin, S.J. Lee, S. Jung. Balancing control of a single-wheel inverted pendulum system using air blowers: Evolution of Mechatronics capstone design. Mechatronics 23 (2013) 926–932.
[4]. Hyungjik Lee, Seul Jung. Balancing and navigation control of a mobile inverted pendulum robot using sensor fusion of low cost sensors. Mechatronics 22 (2012) 95–105.
[5]. Chih-Hui Chiu, You-Wei Lin, Chun-Hsien Lin. Real-time control of a wheeled inverted pendulum based on an intelligent model free controller. Mechatronics 21 (2011) 523–533

Abstract: This paper describes a Bond Graph modeling and control of a doubly-fed induction generator driven by a wind turbine and running at variable speed. This type of operation will retrieve at any time the maximum power regardless of the wind speed. Initially, the Bond Graph tool is used to model the doubly-fed induction generator, the real dynamic behavior of this system is taken into account, consequently, final load simulation is more realistic offering benefits and reliable system performance. Thereafter, we will discuss the theoretical development related to the control of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator using the concept of bicausality of Bond Graph based on the wind turbine model presented in a previous work.

Keywords: Bicausality, Bond graph, Doubly fed induction generator, Invers model, Wind turbine.

[1] Fernando D. Bianchi, Hernn De Battista and Ricardo J. Mantz. Wind Turbine Control S ystems: Principles, Modelling and Gain Scheduling Design. 2007.
[2] Burton T, Sharpe D, Jenkins N, Bossanyi E. Wind energy handbook. New York: Wiley Publications; 2001.
[3] Hu Jiabing, NianHeng, Xu Hailiang, He Yikang. Dynamic modeling and improved control of DFIG under distorted grid voltage conditions. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 2011;26(1):16375.
[4] Liserre M, Cardenas R, Molinas M, Rodriguez J. Overview of multi-MW wind turbines and wind parks. IEEE Trans Ind. Electron. 2011;58(April(4)):108195.
[5] Jadhav HT, Roy R. A comprehensive review on the grid integration of doubly fed induction generator. Int J Electr Power Energy Syst2013;49(July):818.

Abstract: Bond Graphs (BG)are perceived as a promising possibility for modeling complex physical systems. This paper explores its potential by undertaking the analysis, modeling and design of a photovoltaic (PV) solar system. A model of a photovoltaic solar system is performed using Bond Graph Approach based on a 1-diode/2-resistors (1D & 2R) circuit model. The main aim of this model is to study and master the behavior of this PV system. Moreover, it seeks building up a better and more reliable PV model to replicate the exact I-V characteristics. To validate the accuracy of the proposed model, a comparison with MATLAB PV model was carried out. Simulation results of this model were obtained using 20-Sim software. The outcome reveals that the model replicates MATLAB PV model curve to a very good degree of accuracy under the considered operating conditions.

Keywords: Bond Graph, Modeling, Matlab Simulink, Photovoltaic System.

[1]. Mcwilliams DL. A review on integrated renewable energy system based power generation for stand-alone applications: configurations, storage options, sizing methodologies and control. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2014;38:99–120.
[2]. Yu L, Li YP, Huang GH, An CJ. A robust flexible-probabilistic programming method for planning municipal energy system with considering peakelectricity price and electric vehicle. Energy Convers Manage 2017;137:97–112.
[3]. Alam DF, Yousri DA, Eteiba MB. Flower pollination algorithm based solar PV parameter estimation. Energy Convers Manage 2015;101:410–22.
[4]. Zhongqiang Wu, Danqi Yu, Xiaohua Kang. Parameter identification of photovoltaic cell model based on improved ant lion optimizer. Energy Conversion and Management 151 (2017) 107–115.
[5]. Jieming Ma, Ziqiang Bi, TiewOn Ting, ShiyuanHao, WanjunHao. Comparative performance on photovoltaic model parameter identification via bio-inspired algorithms. Solar Energy 132 (2016) 606–616

Abstract: This paper presents an analytical study of unity Power Factor Correction (PFC) of boost converter based on Proportional-Integral (PI) Controller and Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC). The PI, FLC and Hysteresis Current Controller (HCC) are applied to the boost converter because of their nonlinear properties and improve the converter's performance. The FLC and PI are applied in the voltage loop controller whereas the HCC is employed in the current loop controller. The effectiveness of the controllers are verified in Matlab/Simulink environment and the comparative simulation results show that the fuzzy based controller provides the better performance than that of the PI based controller.

[1]. M. Malinowski, M. Jasinski, M.P. Kazmierkowski, "Simple direct power control of three-phase PWM rectifier using space-vector modulation (DPCSVM)",IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics (2004) 447–454.
[2]. Masashi O., Hirofumi M. "An AC/DC Converter with High Power Factor", IEEE Transaction on Industrial Electronics, 2003, Vol 50, No. 2, pp. 356–361.
[3]. Kessal A, Rahmani L, Gaubert JP, Mostefai M. "Analysis and design of anisolated single-phase power factor corrector with a fast regulation". ElectrPower Syst Res 2011; 81:1825–31.
[4]. Guo L, Hung JY, Nelms RM. "Comparative evaluation of sliding mode fuzzy controller and PID controller for a boost converter." Electr Power SystRes 2011; 81:99–106.
[5]. Kessal A, Rahmani L, Gaubert JP, Mostefai M. "Experimental design of a fuzzy controller for improving power factor of boost rectifier". Int J Electron2012;99 (12):1611–21.

Abstract: In a electric vehicle powertrain, a boost dc-dc converter enables reduction of the size of the electric machine and optimization of the battery system. Design of the powertrain boost converter is challenging because the converter must be rated at high peak power, while efficiency at medium to light load is critical for the vehicle system performance. By previously proposed efficiency improvement approaches offer limited improvements in size, cost and efficiency trade-offs. This paper shows how all dominant loss mechanisms in automotive powertrain application can be mitigated using a new composite converter approaches and the closed loop control of composite dc-dc converter enables to get constant DC output at converter terminal. It is found that the selected composite converter results in a decrease in the total loss. Furthermore, the total system capacitor power rating and energy rating are substantially reduced, which implies potentials for significant reductions in system size and cost.

Keywords:Boost Converter, Closed loop control, Composite Converter, DC-DC Converter, Electric Vehicle Powertrain

[1]. U. Anwar, H. Kim, H. Chen, R. Erickson, D. Maksimovic, and K. Afridi, "A high power density drivetrain-integrated electric vehicle charger," in submitted to 2016 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), 2016.
[2]. K. Aoyama, N. Motoi, Y. Tsuruta, and A. Kawamura, "High efficiency energy conversion system for decreaces in electric vehicle battery terminal voltage," IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 12–19, 2016.
[3]. H. Bai and C. Mi, "Eliminate reactive power and increase system efficiency of isolated bidirectional dual-active-bridge dc-dc converters using novel dual-phase-shift control," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 2905–2914, Nov 2008.
[5]. Battiston, J.-P. Martin, E.-H. Miliani, B. Nahid-Mobarakeh, S. Pierfederici, and F. Meibody-Tabar, "Comparison criteria for e lectric traction system using Z-source/Quasi Z-source inverter and conventional architectures," IEEE Transactions on Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 467–476, Sept 2014.
[4]. Castro, D. Lamar, J. Roig, and F. Bauwens, "Modeling capacitive non-linearities and displacement currents of high-voltage SuperJunction MOSFET in a novel analytical switching loss model," in 2014 IEEE 15th Workshop on Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL),, June 2014, pp. 1–9...

Abstract: The blasts of Internet of Things industry have been bringing increasingly shrewd gadgets (SDs) into business and individuals' everyday life. This makes new chances to manufacture applications that better coordinate ongoing condition of the physical world and requires readiness for the product to oblige clients' necessities. By and by, gadgets are generally given by various makers, and applications are freely developed in view of their own frameworks with little interoperability. Web of Things idea has empowered the interoperability between gadgets by RESTful web benefit in a light-weight way; be that as it may, it attempt less endeavours to examine how to coordinate gadgets into complex business condition. Benefit Oriented Architecture and Business Process Management...........

Keywords: integration, smart device, Web of Things, REST, SOAP, SOA, service composition, business process management.

[1]. D Guinard, V Trifa, F Mattern, E Wilde, in From the Internet of Things to the Web of Things: Resource Oriented Architecture and Best Practices, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2010). ch. 5
[2]. RT Fielding, Architectural Styles and the Design of Network-based Software Architectures, (University of California, Irvine, 2000)
[3]. E Thomas, Service-Oriented Architecture: Concepts, Technology, and Design, (Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2005)
[4]. OASIS, Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WSBPEL) 2.0. (2006)
[5]. M Weske, Business Process Management: Concepts, Languages, Architectures, (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2007).

Abstract: LEDs are semi-conductive p-n diodes emitting light. When current flows in the conduction direction in a p-n junction, the electrons and holes are confronted with each other and recombine in the junction where the p and n semiconductors are combined. The energy that the electrons lose from the free state to the connected state is given either as heat or light to the semiconductor material. In solid-state lighting, 80% of the energy, which is usually caused by photon activity, is heat and 20% is light. In this report, the light and heat emission of the LEDs are investigated.

Keywords:LED, Lighting, Warming

[1] Yapici I, Eren M, Gencer G, Yildirim S, Cengiz Ç, Kaynaklı M, Cengiz MS. Driver circuit effects in LED Lighting Systems, International Conference on Multidisciplinary, Science, Engineering and Technology Bitlis Book of Abstracts, October 27-29, 2017, Bitlis
[2] Cengiz Ç, Kaynaklı M, Gencer G, Eren M, Yapici İ, Yildirim S, Cengiz MS. Selection Criteria and Economic Analysis of LEDs, International Conference on Multidisciplinary, Science, Engineering and Technology Bitlis Book of Abstracts, October 27-29, 2017, Bitlis
[3] Yildirim S, Kaynaklı M, Yapici Y, Gencer G, İlcİhan Z, Cengiz MS, Cengiz Ç. Pruduction Stages of Solıd State Lighting Apparatus, International Conference on Multidisciplinary, Science, Engineering and Technology Bitlis Book of Abstracts, October 27-29, 2017, Bitlis
[4] Cengiz MS, Cengiz Ç, IOT and Lighting Automation. Imeset International Conference Baku Book of Abstracts, 12-14 July 2017, Baku.
[5] Yurci Y, Cengiz Ç, Yapıcı İ, Cengiz MS, Yıldırım S, Eren M, Palta O, Atiç S, Analysis of energy productivity in LED illumination by active or passive methods. Imeset International Conference Baku Book of Abstracts, 12-14 July 2017, Baku..

Abstract: The water energy is a clean energy and one part of renewable energy. An electrical power plant produces a cheap electric, no pollution and no damage during electric operation and also the water can be used back for the other usage. This paper presents to study the potential of Aek Rambe River as mini hydro power plan. It is located in in the village of Mungkur, the subdictrict of Tarabintang, the regency of Humbang Hasundutan, North Sumatera, Indonesia. A design of mini hydro power plant is explained in this paper and applied for the data of Aek Rambe river. The results show that for the water flow, Q of 3.96m3/s and head of Sibokkik water fall, H is 20 m, thus 388.5 kW mini hydro power plant can be constructed and supplied to 552 house if per house is 4 A.

Keywords:mini hydro power plant, river water, generator.

[1] M. T. Ozdemira ., A. Orhan, An experimental system for electrical and mechanical education: Micro hydro power plant prototype.
Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 47 (2012) 2114 – 2119.
[2] D. Setiawan, Potential Sites Screening for Mini Hydro Power Plant Development in Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan: a GIS
approach. Energy Procedia, 65 ( 2015 ) 76 – 82.
[3] Y. R. Pasalli, A. B. Rehiara, Design Planning of Micro-hydro Power Plant in Hink River. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 20
(2014) 55 – 63.
[4] https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/id/thumb/a/a4/Peta_Lokasi_Kecamatan_Tarabintang_Kabupaten_Humbang_Hasundutan.
svg/1280px-Peta_Lokasi_Kecamatan_Tarabintang_Kabupaten_Humbang_ Hasundutan.svg.png

[5] http://humbanghasundutankab.go.id/pariwisata-kecamatan-tarabintang..

Abstract: This paper describes the development of an automated dust detection and cleaning system which could be used to clean photovoltaic (PV) modules. Dust accumulation is one of the factors which negatively impact of the PV module output because it obstructs solar radiation to incident on the module surface hence reducing the overall performance of the system. The system was designed by writing a C program and compiled with Arduino IDE to read voltage and sense current from the PV and calculate power output. The circuit was built with proteus 8 professional. Simulation results show that the system was able to detector power loss due to dust accumulation on module surface and as a results the motor drive for the cleaning mechanism responded accordingly to operate cleaning mechanism. The work is still ongoing whereby a prototype will be built to demonstrate the practicality of the system..

Keywords:Dust, photovoltaic module, automated cleaning system

[1] P. Kumar, "Reducing the Impact of Soiling on Solar Panel Using Automated Water Free Split Microfiber Cleaning System," Int. J. Mod. Trends Eng. Res., vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 84–87, 2017.
[2] https:// /photovoltaic cell
[3] https:// /stand alone pv system design
[4] "Power loss due to soiling on solar panel: A review," Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 59, pp. 1307–1316, Jun. 2016.
[5] R. Tejwani and C. S. Solanki, "360° sun tracking with automated cleaning system for solar PV modules," in 2010 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2010, pp. 002895–002898