iosr-JEEE   Volume-13 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2018

Abstract: A new control scheme to improve and maintain the power quality of an electrical power system is distributed power flow controller (DPFC).The DPFC is derived from the unified power-flow controller (UPFC). The DPFC can be considered as a UPFC with an eliminated common dc link. The active power exchange between the shunt and series converters which is through the common dc link in the UPFC is now through the transmission lines at the third-harmonic frequency. In DPFC the common link between shunt converter and series converter is eliminated and instead of three phase series converter several single phase distributed series converters are modeled. The large number of series converters provides redundancy, thereby increasing the system reliability. Nowadays there is growth in Electricity demand and increase in non-linear load causes the major power quality problems like harmonics voltage sag and swell in power grid. Experimental results are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink.
Key Words: Distributed power flow controller (DPFC), Power Quality, voltage sag and swell mitigation.

[1]. Akula N,V.V Rajasekhar, Mamidi, Naveen Babu ―Harmonic Reduction and Power Quality improvement using DPFC‖ International Conference onElectrical, Electronics, and Optimization Techniques (ICEEOT) – 2016.
[2]. Zhihui Yuan, Sjoerd W.H de Haan, Braham Frreira and Dalibor Cevoric ―A FACTS Device: Distributed Power Flow Controller (DPFC)‖ IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, vol.25, no.10,October 2010,Blacksburg.
[3]. Zhihui Yuan, Sjoerd W.H de Haan and Braham Frreira ―DPFC control during shunt converter failure‖ IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics 2009,Honolulu.
[4]. Sarimalla Pedakotaiah, Santosh ―A Simulation of Distributed Power-Flow Controller‖ International Journal of Engineering and Science, ISBN: 2319-6483,ISSN: 2278-4721, Vol. 2, Issue 1.
[5]. M. D. Deepak, E. B. William, S. S. Robert, K. Bill, W. G. Randal, T.B. Dale, R. I. Michael, and S. G. Ian, ―A distributed static series compensator system for realizing active power flow control on existing power lines,‖ IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 642–649,Jan. 2007,Taiwan University...

Abstract: Increasing attention is being paid to optimization of energy consumption in electric traction system to reduce operational cost. Electric traction system requires electric power for propulsion of vehicles. One of the main objective of electric traction system is to provide better quality services which implies increasing speed and decreasing travel time. It results in increase in energy consumption. This paper deals with the optimization of energy consumption and various methods that can be used for it. Mathematical equation for energy consumption is formulated by using speed time curve. Interior point algorithm is used for optimization of energy consumption in electric traction system.
Key Words: Energy consumption, Interior point algorithm Electric traction system, Electric locomotive, Optimization

[1]. Saurabh Gupta, Priya Mahajan and Rachana Garg; "Tractive energy optimization in railway electric traction system"; 1st IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics; Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES-2016).
[2]. Y. Song and W. Song; "A novel dual speed-curve optimization based approach for energy-saving operation of high-speed trains"; IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems; pp. 1-12; Jan 2016.
[3]. S. Gupta; P. Mahajan and R. Garg; " Sensitivity model of energy consumption by railway electric locomotive"; Annual IEEE India Conference; New Delhi; pp. 1-5; 17-20 Dec. 2015.
[4]. Shuai Su; Tao Tang and Clive Roberts; "A cooperative train control model for energy saving"; IEEE transactions on intelligent transportation systems; vol. 16; pp. 622-631; April 2015
[5]. Z. Tian; S. Hillmansen; C. Roberts and P. Weston; "Modelling and simulation of DC rail traction systems for energy saving"; International Conference on intelligent transportation systems (ITSC); Qingado; pp. 2354-2359; Oct. 2014..

Abstract: The paper elucidates a fault detection and protection scheme for a 200MVA transformer using Fuzzy logic. Fuzzy logic (FL) tool box in MATLAB/ SIMULINK software was utilized in the simulation system that diagnosed transformer faults and also monitors its operating conditions. Current and rate of change of current with time have been identified as the input variables, duly represented in the programme as "Error" and "Error-Dot". These variables have their universe of discourse from -1.5 to 1.5 and from -10 to 10 respectively. Fuzzy logic sensor is designed to monitor the current (i) conditions of the transformer at both ambient and full load. The results from the research show that whenever the output response is zero the current in transformer is normal. This is obtained when input values of [0] and [0] are injected into the system to produce a response of "6e-017" which is approximately zero........
Key Words: Fault, detection, current, voltage, controller

[1]. O.L. Kagho, "Maintenance of Electrical Distribution Transformers", Nigeria Society of Engineers 2002.
[2]. Bogdan Kasztenny, "Improved Power Transformer protection using numerical relays", Texas, A and M University USA, 2004.
[3]. A.F. Abbott, "Ordinary level physics, Heinemann Educational Books London," 3rd Ed 1980.
[4]. P.O. Ayaegbu, "Fault section diagnosis in power system using fuzzy logic", M. Eng. Thesis ESUT, Enugu, Nigeria, pp.377, 2003
[5]. M.I.S.M. Arshad, "Power Transformer critical Diagnostic for reliability and life Extension" CCECE– CCGEI , 2004 pp.625-628..

Abstract: Recently Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) Controller has created new opportunities for increasing power system stability including voltage stability. Due to excessive cost, these devices must be located optimally. For the last few years, the focus of research in the FACTS area is mainly on Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC). It is only Facts Controller having the unique ability to simultaneously control all three parameters of power flow i.e. voltage, line impedance and phase angle. This paper presents a method for optimal location of UPFC to enhance the system voltage stability margin of the power system. The suitable location of the UPFC is identified using a sensitivity-based approach. The effectiveness of the proposed method, simulation has been performed on bench mark 5-bus and IEEE-30 bus power system.
Key Words: FACTS, Optimal Placement, Sensitivity Based Approach, N-R Method, UPFC, Voltage Stability Margin

[1]. P.S. Venkataramu and T. Ananthapadmanabha "Installation of Unified Power Flow Controller for Voltage Stability Margin Enhancement Under Line Out Contingencies," Iranian Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) Vol. 5, No. 2; Page 90-96, 2006.
[2]. Sreekanth Reddy Donapati and M.K.Verma,"An Approach for Optimal Placement of UPFC to Enhance Voltage Stability Margin under Contingencies"NPSC,IIT Bombay, Dec.2008.
[3]. S.N.Singh , I.Erlich, "Locating unified power flow controller for enhancing power system loadability" IEEE International Conference On Future Power System, 2005.
[4]. C. R. Fuerte-Esquivel and E. Acha, Unified Power Flow Controller: A Critical Comparison Of Newton-Raphson UPFC Algorithms In Power Low Studies," IEE Proc. on Generation, Transmission, Distribution, Vol. 144, No. 5, pp. 437-444, 1997.
[5]. K.S. Verma, S.N. Singh and H.O. Gupta, optimal Location of UPFC for Congestion Management", Electric Power Systems Research, Vol. 58, No.2, p.p. 89-96, July 2001..

Abstract: The growth of any country depends on how effective their power sector is. Voltage collapse eventually leads to system blackout and this is a major concern for every day power system operations. The Nigeria National Grid experience an average of (28) system collapse every year over the past 12 years. In this paper the incidences of power system voltage collapse have been studied, analyzed and discussed. The paper also looks at the causes of the voltage collapses in Nigeria power system and proffer some possible
solutions.The method used in this research involves data collection and analysis. The data comprise of serie of voltage collapses in the Nigeria power Network. The data were analyzed and simulated using MATLAB application software. Results from the study showed that the Nigeria power system experienced the highest number of total system collapse of about 53........
Key Words: Voltage instability, Grid, Voltage collapse, Nigeria National Grid

[1]. Titus KoledoyeOlugbenga. Abdul-Ganiyu, A. Jumah and Philips D. A. "The current and future challenges of electricity market in Nigeria in the face of deregulation process", Africa Journal of Engineering Research, Vol.1, pp.33-39, March 2013.
[2]. S. Almeida N. Machado and R. Pestana "Voltage collapse: Real time and Preventive Analysis in the Portuguese transmission line" Electrica Nacional, SA, Portugal. ID: 128
[3]. Nigeria Electricity Commission (NERC) "The Grid Code of Nigeria Electricity Transmission System", Version 1, 1st August 2007.
[4]. L. D. Arya" Voltage stability Evaluation using line Voltage Index" IE(1) Journal-EI Vol. 87, December 2006.
[5]. O. I. Okoro, E. Chikuni, "Power sector reforms in Nigeria: opportunities and challenges", Journal of Energy in Southern Africa , Vol. 18, No. 3, August 2007..

Abstract: The state of Chhattisgarh is blessed with high solar radiation intensity and has capacity for large solar energy generation. With increasing energy demand and rapid use of fossil fuel has made pressure on thermal power generators to fulfill future energy demand, and grid connected PV Solar power system can help to meet this demand. In this paper performance analysis of PV Solar Power System is done with the help of PV SYST Software, in which 10kWp grid-connected PV Solar Power System is simulated. The energy supplied to the grid and the main performance analysis is done by considering the effect of different global irradiation and temperature, i.e. energy output of PV array, energy output of system including inverter. The annual performance ratio is also considered, with normalized production and loss factor which include collection loss i.e. PV-array losses and various system losses.
Key Words: Performance Analysis, Performance Ratio, PV Solar Power System, PV SYST Software, Simulation.

[1]. Solar Policy Govt. of Chhattisgarh 2012-2017.
[2]. Deepansh Nirwan, Dr Tilak Thakur, Performance Evaluation of Grid Connected Solar PV Plant Using PVsyst, International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, 4(5), 1390-1394.
[3]. Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, M. Rohit Kumara, P. Ruth Rejoice, Mobi Mathew, "Performance analysis of 100 kWp grid connected Si-poly photovoltaic system using PVsyst simulation tool." 1st International Conference on Power Engineering, Computing and control, PECCON-2017, VIT University, Chennai Campus, 2017, 180-189.
[4]. Power Point Presentation by Save Earth Technologies "our aspirations are our possibilities".
[5]. User's Guide PVsyst Contextual Help on www.pvsyst.com

Abstract: The aim of reconfiguring the electric power distribution network under normal operating conditions is to reduce the total active power losses of the network or to balance the load of the system's feeders which is an important part of distribution network operation to improve system reliability and stability. However, the three objectives of the distribution engineers is power losses minimization, maintenance of good voltage profile and minimum feeders' current levels. For the past forty two (42) years, researchers have proposed various methodologies that include pure heuristic and artificial intelligent-based methods. This paper examines a comprehensive bibliographical study and general backgrounds........
Key Words: Artificial intelligent-based optimization algorithms, Distribution network, Load balancing, Network reconfiguration, Power loss.

[1]. Shamsudin, N.H, Omar, N.F, Salaima, M,F, Jaafar, H.I and Kadir, A.F.A. "The Distribution Network Reconfiguration Improved Performance of Genetic Algorithm Considering power Losses and Voltage Profile," International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET), Vol. 6, No. 2, April – May 2014. Pg. 1247 - 1258.
[2]. Merlin, A. and Back, H. "Search for a minimal – loss Operating Spanning Tree Configuration in an Urban Power Distribution System," Proceedings of 5th Power System Computation Conference (PSCC), Cambridge, UK, 1975, Pg. 1 – 18.
[3]. Bernardon, D.P., Pfitsher, L.L., Canha, L.N., Abaide, A.R., Gaecia, V.J., Montagner, V.F., Comassetto, L. and Ramos, M. (n.d), "Automatic Reconfiguration of Distribution Network using Smart Grid Concepts," Federal University of Santa Mariaz. AES Sul, Power Utility Roraima Avenue, Brazil.
[4]. Rudnick, H., Harnisch, I and Sanhueza, R. "Reconfiguration of Electric Distribution systems," REVISTA FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA, U.T.A. (CHILE), VOL. 4, 1997. Pg. 41 – 48.
[5]. Augugliaro, A., Dusonchet, L., and Sanseverino, R. "Service Restoration in Compensated Distribution Networks using a Hybrid Genetic Algorithm," Electric Power System Research, Vol. 46, No. 1, June 1998. Pg. 59 – 66.

Abstract: This paper presents the detail model of load and other devices in distribution network systems (DNS). Simulation and modeling is done using MATLAB/Simulink software package. The proposed model is user friendly and can be used as a common platform for both applied physics and power system engineers. The proposed model is very simple, fast and accurate. A detailed modeling algorithm is presented. Ede distribution Business Hub of Ibadan Electricity Distribution Company (IBEDC) of Osun Region, South West, Nigeria is used for the modeling. This network comprises of two feeders namely........
Key Words: DNS, MATLAB/Simulink, algorithm, IBEDC, smart distribution grid, traditional distribution grid, modern technology.

[1]. United States Department of Energy, Final Report on the August 14, 2003 Blackout in the United States and Canada. 2003.
[2]. Boknam, H., S. Park, C. Shin, S. Kwon and S. Park (2007). Power quality monitoring on distribution network using distribution automation system. 19th International Conference on Electricity Distribution, Vienna.
[3]. Gaur, N. and P. Gaur, Automation in Power Distribution System: Present Status. Journal of Engineering Research and Studies, April-June, 2012.
[4]. Hassan, R. and G. Radman. Survey on smart grid. in IEEE SoutheastCon 2010 (SoutheastCon), Proceedings of the. 2010. IEEE.
[5]. Dauda, A. Folarin, Japhet, D. Sakala, Edwin, Matlotse and Mandu, A. Gasennelwe-Jeffrey, Appraisal of Electric Power Distribution Feeders Reliability in the region unit in Nigeria, International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology, (IJERT) Vol. 6, Issue. 04, pp. 99 – 107, April - 2017

Abstract: Inductions motors play an important role in various areas of their application. Especially important among such engines are inductions micromotors. The breadth of use of inductions micromotors necessitates the construction of various models for such engines in order to determine the parameters of their design and operation characteristics. The article reviews the designs of existing inductions motors. An information and structural-parametric model for determining the design of inductions micromotors and their main characteristics are proposed. Calculations have been performed for one of the modifications of an inductions micromotor. The effectiveness of the proposed features modification an inductions micromotor is shown. The reliability and efficiency of the developed models for determining the design of the considered modification of an inductions micromotor is shown.
Key Words: Winding, Stator, Rotor, Frame, Information Model, Structural-Parametric Model, Inductions Micromotor.

[1] K. Olesiak. Selected problems of the asynchronous drive control with the three-phase soft-start system. In Solid State Phenomena, 210, 2014, 245-251.
[2] I. Boldea, S. A. Nasar. Electric drives. CRC press, 2016.
[3] Y. Zhang, H. Yang. Two-vector-based model predictive torque control without weighting factors for induction motor drives. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 31(2), 2016, 1381-1390.
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[5] E. Cuevas, V. Osuna, D. Oliva. Parameter Identification of Induction Motors. In Evolutionary Computation Techniques: A Comparative Perspective. Springer, Cham, 2017

Abstract: Bangladesh, a small developing country of south Asia observing a rapid economic transition from agriculture to industry and facing a threat of unsatisfied consumer demand of energy exacerbating with growing population. Keeping the huge potentially in mind, we need to create diversification in energy source and wind energy could be one possible solution. To see the effect of renewable energy which is the wind energy in national grid in Chittagong zone (which is the largest zone among six zones in Bangladesh) in constant speed wind and also observe its transient effect on stability which is also considering the occurrence of the fault on buses which are not similar. Wind energy plays a good source of renewable green energy without making a massive change in transient stability and sometimes comparatively less recovery time. Moreover, wind energy converted to wind power poses a high potentiality providing electricity through the reliable wind turbine without generation, pollution could bring fastness which is in Bangladesh economy system .
Key Words: Wind turbines, Dynamic behavior of wind, Modelling of Bangladesh power system, wind integration on Bangladesh power system.

[1] "http://data.worldbank.org/country/bangladesh," (The World Bank, 2015).

[2] "Bangladesh power development board,"

[3] Available website: http://www.bpdb.gov.bd/bpdb/, 2017.

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Abstract: Corrosion is defined as an attack on a material as a result of chemical, frequently electrochemical reaction, with the surrounding medium. Corrosion monitoring and detection provides comprising monitoring and detecting of all critical components of petrochemical refineries objects, assets, facilities and plants for signs of corrosion. Monitoring and detection of corrosion is useful for plant engineers and maintenance personals to replace the corroded parts of pipeline in petrochemical industries only after when damage has occurred. On basis of recorded data, observer can predict at how much rate the corrosion should occur. This paper provides information about different types of corrosion and detection methods. Common methods used for corrosion monitoring and detection are destructive and non–destructive. In non-destructive method ultrasonic guided wave, radiographic and electromagnetic and in destructive methods corrosion coupons, electrical resistance and linear polarization resistance are included.
Key Words: Corrosion detection and monitoring, destructive method, Non-destructive methods.

[1] Y. Zeng, ―Comparative online monitoring system in the application of distillation unit‖, Journal of Petroleum Chemical Corrosion and Protection, 2011.
[2] X. Gu, T. Gu, J. Li , Y. Huang, Y. Wang, ― A variety of corrosion monitoring system in the application of the peak stood‖, Journal of Petroleum and Natural Gas Chemical Industry,2011.
[3] L. Zheng, Z. Wan, N. Gao, C. Zhang, ―Refining corrosion monitoring technology application and device progress‖, Journal of Petroleum Chemical Corrosion and Protection, 2012.
[4] Z. Yu, X. Meng, ―Corrosion monitoring technology and its application in oil and gas field‖, Pipeline Technology and Equipment, 2012.
[5] X. Yang, J. Rao, Y. Wang,―Application of online monitoring technology in petrochemical industry‖, Journal of Petroleum Chemical Corrosion and Protection, 2011.