iosr-JRME   Volume-4 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2014

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The influence of text type on senior secondary students' reading comprehension
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Ebibi, Johnson Ojeka
	:	10.9790/7388-04320105

Abstract: The study was designed to examine the influence of text type on senior secondary students' reading comprehension in selected secondary schools in Jos North and Jos South Local Government Areas of Plateau State. The study specifically sought to know the extent to which text type will affect students' ability to answer literal, inferential and critical questions. For the purpose of data collection, 200 students selected from four secondary schools were given two types of passages: a narrative and an expository to read and to answer three types of questions. Frequency count and simple percentages were used to analyze the data. The results showed that text type had influence on the students' ability to answer literal, inferential and critical questions. That is, the students performed better on the narrative than on the expository. These findings suggest the need to design instructional activities in such a way that will promote higher level thinking on the part of the students.
Keywords: Effect, text type, reading, comprehension.

[1]. Agwu, S. N. (2005). Strategies for teaching the arts and social sciences. Enugu: Pan-African Publishers.
[2]. Akyol, H. (2008). For the analyses of textbooks and instructional text structures. Ankara: Nobel Publications.
[3]. Barbara, M. T., & Samuels, S. J. (1983). Children's use of text structure in the recall of expository material. American Educational Research Journal, 20 (4), 517-528.
[4]. Best, R. M., Floyd R. G. & McNamara, D. S. (2008). Differential competencies contributing to children's comprehension of narrative and expository texts. Reading Psychology, 29, 137-164. Doi; 10.1088/027027108019630951.
[5]. Collins, B. C. (2004). Teaching comprehension. Boston,MA: Pearson

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Secondary School Mathematics Teachers' Skills and Students' Achievement Using Innovative and Model Teaching Approaches
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Dr. Abiodun A Popoola
	:	10.9790/7388-04320615

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of secondary school Mathematics teachers' skills on secondary school students' achievement in Mathematics using innovative models teaching approach. The paper describes innovation and modeling for improving teaching and learning of Mathematics that will address the barriers which make it difficult to achieve numeracy skills. The strategies are offered as a means of evaluating and aligning students' activities to promote stronger learning of Mathematics. Different innovation strategies and different picture models were used by students to promote the quality of teaching and learning in Mathematics. The study was carried out using a cooperated descriptive survey research design and quasi-experimental design approach. Its population consisted of all Mathematics teachers and students in four schools located in different Local Government Areas in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Random sampling technique was used to select a total of 160 students and all Mathematics teachers in the target schools. Three sets of instruments were used to collect data for the study: teachers' interview rating scale students' achievement test as well as attitudinal scale. Three research questions and hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, frequency counts, t-test statistics, Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and Phi - correlation. Results showed that: students who received instruction through the use of models and interaction teaching material (innovation) experience greater and more achievement gains than others who do not interact. It was also found that interaction/ modeling enhances students' learning in Mathematics, enables the students to enjoy Mathematics, and improves students' vocabulary, clearer mastery in Mathematics, bold influence future aspiration of students in Mathematics and legible writing among others. Teachers as well see the strategy as a way of boosting the quality of learning in Mathematics.
Keywords: Mathematics, Teachers' Skillfulness, Students' Achievement, Innovative, Modeling, Teaching Approaches

[1]. Bransford, J. D.; Brown, A. L. and Cocking, R. R. (eds). (1999). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience and school. National Academic. Washington DC.
[2]. Blum, W. (2002). ICMI Study 14: Applications and Modelling in Mathematics Education. Discuss document.
[3]. Boud, __ & Feletti, __ (1999). The challenge of problem-based learning (2nd Ed). London: Kogan Page
[4]. Bruner, J.S. (1996): The culture of education: A difficult but interesting book on Bruner's views of the role of narrative and culture in education. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
[5]. Canvendish, S. J. (2009). Sex differences related to achievement in Mathematics. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle net/2381/4211

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Impact of Using Java Software of Geometrical Optics JSGO on the Construction Success of the Virtual Image among the First Year University Students
Country	:	Morocco
Authors	:	Abderrahmane OuazzaniTouhami, Nadia Benjelloun, Mohammed Alami , Haddou Aouni
	:	10.9790/7388-04321624

Abstract: This paper presents a study of the impact of using Java Software of Geometrical Optics JSGO on the geometrical construction success of the virtual image among the first year university students, option: Sciences of Physical Matter SPMThe experimentation realized was conducted towards the end of the university year 2013/2014 among two groups of learners consisting each of them of 59 students: a witness group and another experimental. The witness group must to use only the traditional method, paper, pencil, ruler and protractor, for doing tests; while the experimental group should construct the virtual image using only the mentioned software.We have scored that using JSGO has no significant influence on the success of the geometrical construction of the virtual image associated with the first variant sub-tests. However, using this tool through the second variant sub-tests leads to a number of correct constructions which is higher than that noticed when using traditional method.By analyzing the results concerning "students' conceptual difficulties" we have scored the presence of the conceptual difficulty associated with an incorrect status that about 32 % of witness group students attribute to the construction ray extension. The use of JSGO provides a useful tool to overcome this conceptual difficulty. This analysis also indicates that, despite the interactive character of JSGO, about 9 % of experimental group students still face the conceptual difficulty related to the correspondence image object (punctual and global) and also to the conceptual difficulty related to the minimum number of rays departing from the same point of the luminous object.Finally, the study of "students' perceptions about using JSGO" showed that the participants are very satisfied with using this computer wizard.

Keywords: Java Software of Geometrical Optics JSGO; virtual image; witness group; experimental group

[1]. Ahaji, K., El Hajjami., A., Ajana, L., El Mokri, A., &Chikhaoui, A. (2008). Analyse de l'effet d'intégration d'un logiciel d'optique géométrique sur l'apprentissage d'élèves de niveau baccalauréat sciences expérimentales». Association Enseignement Public et Informatique. Available on the website: http://www.epi.asso.fr/revue/articles/a0801a.htm
[2]. Bayrak, C. (2008). Effects of Computer Simulations Programs on University Students' Achievements in Physics. Turkish online Journal of Distance Education, vol. 9, no 4, p. 53-62.
[3]. Benjelloun, N., Alami, M., &Rebmann, G. (2003). Expérimentation d'un atelier java d'optique géométrique (AJOG) en situation de résolution de problème. Bulletin de l'union des physiciens, vol. 97, p. 1613-1621. Available on the website:http://agregation.capes.free.fr/bup/sommaires-2003bup.htm
[4]. Benjelloun, N., Alami, M., &Rebmann, G. (2004). Evaluation de l'utilisation d'un atelier java d'optique géométrique (AJOG) pour remédiation à certaines difficultés conceptuelles en optique. Communication présentée au 21ème Congrès de l'Association Internationale de Pédagogie Universitaire AIPU. p. 1-11. Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
[5]. Clark, J. (2011). Technology in the classroom: student understanding of image formation by converging and diverging lenses and mirrors-ray tracing. Computer simulation (Doctoral dissertation, ball state university).

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Enhancing The Quality And Accessibility Of Geographic Learning Through Modern Instructional Strategies In The School: Its Implications And Opportunities
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Reshma.C.U , Sheheersha.S.K , Dr.V.Saravanabavan
	:	10.9790/7388-04322530

Abstract: Geography is the study of the interaction between people and environment .It develops knowledge and understanding of the distribution of human and natural phenomenas. Now Geography teachers use an inquiry based approach, innovative techniques and broad based curriculum to the learning which extends children's awareness of the wider world beyond the local area. Modern instructional strategies develops competencies essential in the workplace and leads to careers in areas such as spatial sciences, resource management and urban planning. Nowadays geography caters for a variety of learning styles such as verbal linguistics, visual-spatial, logical-mathematical, bodily–kinesthetic, and interpersonal and intrapersonal. These include maps, tables, photographs, graphs, diagrams, satellite images, field work report, annotated visual displays, oral presentations, debates, discussions, essays, structured questions, ICT databases, software packages and GIS analysis. A sound geographic background provides a sense of location (place)of distribution(space)of people and processes (movement),interactions and associations, spatial changes overtime and of scale (local,natioal,regional,global).The main objective of the study is to analyse the impact of modern instructional strategies and provide a set of suggestions for new geography curriculum. By analyzing primary informations we can understand the depth of practical knowledge of students and implications of geography learning in the day to day life situations. The study is mainly based on primary questionnaire survey which is concreted by secondary information obtained from journals. The primary data obtained from 200 students. It is based on random sampling. Simple statistical methods used for analysis.
Key Words: Modern instructional strategy-Inquiry based approach- Broad based curriculum – Modern pedagogy – Learning implication.

[1]. Algeo, K.2007, Teaching cultural geography with "Bend it like Beckham" Journal of Geography; 106, 3, 133-143
[2]. Chalkley, B., Fournier, E. J., & Hill, D.2000, Geography teaching in higher education: Quality, assessment, and accountability Journal of Geography in Higher Education; 24, 2, 238-245
[3]. Dalton R. T: 2001, the fieldwork experiences of undergraduates on entry into higher education Journal of Geography in Higher Education; 25, 3, 379-393
[4]. Delyser, D, 2003, Teaching graduate students to write: A seminar for thesis and dissertation writers Journal of Geography in Higher Education; 27, 2, 169-181
[5]. Gertler, M. S.2003, Tacit knowledge and the economic geography of context, or the undefinable tacitness of being (there) Journal of Economic Geography; 1, 75-99

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Educating a Dying Person under the Framework of Hindu-Testaments Series—II
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. KumariVineeta
	:	10.9790/7388-04323136

Abstract: This study is the intension of my earlier study published in IOSR JRME series- I -2014, vol-4-Issuie-2 Ver-III pp. 01-05 here the Vedic provision described human body is made from five elements and after death the body is cremated and each component is honestly returned back to nature. In Vedic system types of impious work decides the quantum of punishment that one has to face after death. For provisions have been made in Garurpuran, Shrimad Bhagwat, R.Veda, Vishnu Puran all are of similar opinion that righteous work open the door of Heaven and non-righteous for hell. Every punishment of hell is physical tourchering of the body but, when the body is left on the earththen who will face treatment including assault. If for a moment it is supposed that ether component or Soul(Atma) has to face the assault &ill-treatment, here is my objection as Lord Krishna in B.Gita has told that Soul is beyond punishment if yes it is free from any short of feeling then what is the meaning of punishing in the names of Hells. I have concluded that dharma was the Social Book for keeping social system in perfect order and hell was a short of imprison.
Keywords: drench,lain,unworthy,ascetic,cessation

[1]. B.Gita.
[2]. Bhagwat Puran.
[3]. F. Max Muller (Jan 1991), "India what can it teach us" paperback publication, pp- 89.
[4]. Garurpuran
[5]. http//www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	A Study on Socio-Economic Status and Personality of Pupil Teachers with Special Reference to Gender
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Mr. Sanjeet Kumar Tiwari , Mr. Jubraj Khamari , Dr. Parvinder Hanspal , Mr. Mirza Mahmood Baig
	:	10.9790/7388-04323743

Abstract: The present research work intent to study the socio-economic status and personality of pupil teacher (B.Ed.) trainee on the basis of gender. Hence the researchers aim at to find out the socio - economic status (SES) of pupil teachers according to gender and to study the personality of pupil teachers according to gender. Researchers selecting 1000 samples out of total population on the basis random sampling techniques with the help of standardized tools collected data and on the basis of normative survey method analysis and interpretation with required statistical technique like Mean, Standard Deviation, Critical Ratio, Degree of Freedom, Coefficient of Correlation, and ANOVA tested the hypotheses find out the purposive findings to focus on proper suggestive suggestion towards conclusion.
Keywords: Socio-economic Status, Personality, Pupil Teacher and Gender.

[1]. Ameerjan, M.S and M.S. Thimappa (1993). Extroversion and Neuroticism as related to socioeconomic level and caste affiliation. Journal of Psychological Researches, 37 (3), 26-29.
[2]. Anastasi, A., (1988). Psychological Testing, 6th Edition, Macmillan, New York.
[3]. Allen, Bem P. (1994), Personality Theories ( pp.5,6,11-14),
[4]. Allport, G.W. (1937). Personality: A Psychological Interpretation. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
[5]. Best J.W and Khan J (1992). Research in Education (6th edition) New Delhi Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.
[6]. Boggiano, A.K. Main D.S and Katz P.A. (1990). Children's Preference for Challenge. The role of perceived competence and control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 134-141

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Teaching Competency, Professional Commitment and Job Satisfaction-A Study of Primary School Teachers
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Shashi Shukla
	:	10.9790/7388-04324464

Abstract: Education leads to change...a change towards growth, a change in thinking and a change in positive direction. It's the key to human progress and teacher plays the most crucial role in the system of education. The teacher is regarded as the foundation on which the stability of the educational system as well the nation rests. The commitment and competency of teacher is considered to be associated with his satisfaction with the job, attitude towards the profession etc.
Keywords: Education, Job satisfaction, Professional development, Teachers, Teaching competency

[1]. Avila. (1989). Teaching competencies of secondary school teachers. Sited in fourth survey of educational research by M.B.Buch,2(1),1016
[2]. Best & Kahn. (1998). Research in Education. New Delhi : Prentice Hall
[3]. Competency Development sited in Employment News ,28(48) 1-2, Dated Feb28'2004
[4]. Dave, P.N. (1982), Teaching and teacher behavior. Sited in third Survey of Educational Research by M. B. Buch, 772-773
[5]. Desai & Deshpande. (1996). Effect of feedback on teacher competence. sited in fourth survey of educational research by M.B.Buch, 2

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Critical Analysis of Educational Development during Muslim Era in Spain
Country	:	Pakistan
Authors	:	Hafiza Sumaiya Amin, Dr. Jawaid Siddiqui
	:	10.9790/7388-04326567

Abstract: Muslims in Spain had superb development in all field of life, especially in education. Muslim of Spain did great inventions in sciences, established educational institutions, set up libraries; translation in Arabic from Latin had been made, and played an important part in field of education and invention. The imperial patronage of education raised the standard of learning and literacy to a high level in Spain. But what was the reason that Muslims worked for the development of education. Did they think that education is their religious obligation? Does Islam emphasis on acquiring of knowledge? In analysis this was the teachings of Quran and Sunna that they had gone to explore the world. In Islam there is an emphasis on value of knowledge. There have a number of verses in which Allah impressed upon men that acquiring of knowledge is must for Muslims. So, Muslim has thought that acquiring knowledge and imparting of learning is one of their religious obligations, Muslims followed the principles of Islam, and this is the Muslim's philosophy of Islam that they gained knowledge about each and every thing in this universe which ALLAH has created. They knew that without the practicing of Islam, they could not achieve their goals. In this paper effort is being made to point out that, because of Islamic philosophy of acquiring knowledge, Muslims did superb advancement in the field of education during their era is Spain. But eventually when they turned their backs to the principles and teachings of Islam, they had gone through their path and fell in lavishness and luxuries. In fact they went too far away from the principles and practices of Islam. Eventually, they lost all grace and glory.
Key Words: Critically, Analysis, Development, Educational

[1]. Haddad, F. S. (1993) Arab contribution to medicine.Bull. Soc. Liban. Hist. Med. 1, 21-33.
[2]. Ka‟bah, Rifyal et al. n. d. Prophet Muhammad: Blessing for Mankind, Saudi Arabia: Alharamain Islamic Foundation.
[3]. King Abdul Aziz University (1977) First World Conference on Muslim Education. Makkah al-Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia: King Abdul Aziz University.
[4]. M. Hamiuddin Khan (1967) Vol. 1 pp 18-24. History of Muslim education, Academy of Educational Research All Pakistan.
[5]. MazharulHaq, A Short History of Muslim Spain (1988), first edition p 418
[6]. McClellan, J.E, & Dorn, H. (1999).Science and technology in World History. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Design and Implementation of a Web-Based Virtual Classroom System
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Akinyokun Oluwole Charles, Iwasokun Gabriel Babatunde
	:	10.9790/7388-04326877

Abstract: Despite the increasing growth in popularity of virtual classrooms and online-learning, some factors which include limited bandwidth for audio and video, poor transmission quality, poor collaborative work and limited feedback during virtual classroom sessions still need to be addressed. This paper presents the design and implementation of a virtual classroom system that focuses on collaborative learning between students and tutors at remote locations. The different components of the system allows students to engage in group activities and collaborate with instructors in a commonly shared windows on which text, audio or video objects are added and shared online. The system was developed and hosted on the web using Moodle, Elluminate, WAMP Server, Java Script, MySQL, PHP and Dreamweaver. A practical demonstration was carried out using an Undergraduate Course of the Department of Computer Science in the School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria. The results obtained from the demonstration exhibit the suitability and adequacy of the virtual classroom system. The evaluation of the system based on selected indices also shows its level of performance and ratings.
Keywords: Chat Module, Elluminate Module, Enterprise Information System, Instructor and Participant, Virtual Classroom,

[1]. Akinyokun O.C., (2003), Prototype of Multimedia System for Nigerian University Collaborative Teaching and Learning. Proceedings of All African University Day Seminar, Federal University of Technology, Akure.
[2]. Akintola K. G, (2004), Development of Computer Network for Teaching and Learning in Nigerian Universities.M. Tech. Thesis, Federal University of Technology, Akure.
[3]. Akintola K. G. and Akinyokun O. C., (2011), Design and Development of Multimedia Network System for e-Learning in Nigeria Universities.International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering, Vol. 6, No. 3, pages 49-60.
[4]. Akinyokun O.C., Ubaru M.O. and Ezekwesili E., (2008), Information and Communications Technology for Development in Education Sector of Nigerian Economy.Proceedings of the International Conference on ICT Applications; Sponsored and Organized by Carnegie Corporation of New York and ObafemiAwolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
[5]. Perraton H. (1998), A Theory of Distance Education. International perspectives Routledge. Pacific Mountain Network (producer), Far view I-IV [Videotape series]. Available from PMN, 1550 park avenue, Denver, CO 80218-1661, pp 34-45

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Learning difficulties in Moroccan students: results of an investigation of chemistry students
Country	:	Morocco.
Authors	:	SOUBHI Fatim Zahra, TOURI Bouzekri, Lima Laurent, KNOUZI Noureddine , TALBI Mohammed
	:	10.9790/7388-04327880

Abstract: Our research is intended to provide data on learning difficulties within students from scientific majors and the causes of school failure and abandon phenomena in the university. In this research, we are interested in the study of learning difficulties.
519 chemistry students belonging to the Faculty of Sciences Ben M'sik at the University Hassan II Mohammedia -Casablanca participated in the survey. They are aged between 17 and 23 years and suffer no physical or mental disability. The questionnaire consists of 101 questions grouped into 8 themes.Our results indicate that communication disorders impact students' self-confidence. Therefore, we can think that through their influence on self-confidence, these disorders cause a decrease in academic performance. High self-confidence is associated with the retention and academic success while a low self-confidence is associated with school failure and abandonment.

[1]. Dyck, M., & Piek, J. (2010). How to distinguish normal from disordered children with poor language or motor skills. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders DETAILS.
[2]. Fey, M. E., Catts, H.W. & Larrivee, L. S. (1995) Preparing preschoolers for the academic and social challenges of school. In J. Windsor (Eds.), Language impairment and social competence. Language intervention: Preschool through the elementary years. Baltimore, MD: Paul H Brookes Publishing
[3]. Glozman, J. M. (1987). Communication disorders and personality. New York: Plenum Publishers.
[4]. Trevarthen, C. (2008). Intuition for human communication. In S. M. Zeedyk (Eds.), Promoting social interaction for individuals with communicative impairments:Making contact.. London, UK: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
[5]. Self-efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change,Albert Bandura, Stanford University

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effects of the small diameter and the flow rate on the electric properties of the plasma needle
Country	:	Iraq
Authors	:	Hamid H. murbet, Zina A. khadim, Nisreen K. abdalameer
	:	10.9790/7388-04328184

Abstract: A syringe needle assembled with a glass tube has been used as a plasma jet device for biomedical applications. According to the various electrode diameter of power electrode installed inside the glass tube, helium plasma from an atmospheric pressure discharge has been investigated. The discharge is driven by pulsed direct current voltages. It is found that the measured discharge current was remain very low with increasing applied voltage from zero up to given applied voltage ( breakdown voltage), the value of breakdown voltage depends on the value of electrode diameter and flow rate of the helium, The discharge current was increased suddenly at breakdown voltage reached maximum value and remain nearly stable with applied voltage. The discharge current increases with applied voltage and flow helium rate but decreases with electrode diameter.
Key words: Cold Atmospheric Plasma, plasma needle, power supply, beams of plasma.

[1] M. Laroussi and X. Lu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 113902 (2005).
[2] E. Stoffels, I. E. Kieft, R. E. J. Sladek, L. J. M. van den Bedem, E. P. van der Laan, and M. Steinbuch, Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 15, S169 (2006).
[3] M. G. Kong, G. Kroesen, G. Morfill, T. Nosenko, T. Shimizu, J. van Dijk, and J. L. Zimmermann, New J. Phys. 11, 115012 (2009).
[4] D. Dobrynin, G. Fridman, G. Friedman, and A. Fridman, New J. Phys. 11, 115020 (2009).
[5] K. Ostrikov, J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 44, 174003 (2011).