iosr-JRME   Volume-11 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep. – Oct. 2021

Abstract: TVET institutional managers are key to achievement of Kenya government's aspiration of industrialization by the year 2030, christened Vision 2030. This is aimed at through focused investment of resources in technology learning under the supervision of TVET managers. The government's keen interest in TVET is displayed through enhanced financial support by way of ever increasing national budget for TVET sector whereby the number of TVET institutions have shot by 450% since 2013 to-date. This is evident through allowing increased learner enrolment which has shot by over 600% since 2013, training and employment of TVET tutors and in-servicing TVET management, and formation of TVETA (Technical Vocational Education and Training Authority) for quality assurance....

Key Word: TVET; TVETA; TVET- industry linkage; CBET; Employability skills gaps

[1]. Abebe, A. (2012). Self-Perception of Teachers as Adult Learners and Professionals: Implications to their Practices and Professional Development. Ethiopian Journal of Quality and Relevant Higher Education and training, 1(2)(ISSN 2224-5340).
[2]. Aduda, D. (2003). Technical Training Reeling under Neglect. Daily Nation, 2 June 2003, 11.
[3]. Australian Chamber of Commerce and Industry & Business Council of Australia (2002).
[4]. Dawo, J.I. and Owuor, M.O. (2020). High School Students Council Membership Experience as Motivator for Seeking Student Leadership in TVET Institutions in Lake Region, Kenya. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts. Vol.8 (3).
[5]. Indoshi, F. W. (2010). Factors that Determine Students and Teachers Attitudes towards Art and Design Curriculum. International Journal of Vocational and Technical Education, 9-17.

Abstract: The application of digital technology in education is an indispensable trend of today's education systems in the world, this is also a very necessary skill for teachers in the 4.0 technology era, and can be considered as the key of innovation, improvement the quality of education, to develop a modern education. In the process of teaching, examination and assessment is a very important activity, helping to assess students' competence, determine the level of achievement of students' educational goals; The application of digital technology in examination and assessment activities is influenced by many objective and subjective factors, so the research of these factors has high practical significance and is an important basis for widely deploying and applying digital technology, improving the efficiency and quality of this activity. The main research methods used are: research, synthesis, analysis document and expert method.

Keywords: Digital technology, examination, assessment, education, Viet Nam

[1]. Ministry of Education and Training, Examination and assessment in the teaching process towards the development of students' competence in high schools (Ha Noi, Viet Nam, 2014).
[2]. Ministry of Education and Training, Fostering core high school teachers: examining and assessing high school students in the direction of developing quality and competence (Ha Noi, Viet Nam, 2020).
[3]. Bernd Meier, Nguyen Van Cuong, Modern teaching theory-basis for innovation in teaching objectives, content and methods (University of Education Publisher, 2018).
[4]. Alison Clark-Wilson, Ornella Robutti, Mike Thomas (2020), Teaching with digital technology, issue 2020-7, page 1223-1242, http://doi.org/10.1007/s11858-020-01196-0.
[5]. Marjorie B. Tiven, Ester R. Fuchs, Evaluating Global Digital Education: Student Outcomes Framework (New York, NY: Bloomberg Philanthropies and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2018).

Abstract: The study determined the effects of ethnochemistry instructional approach (EIA) on interest of students in chemistry. Two research questions and three hypotheses guided the stdudy. The quasi-experimental design was adopted, specifically the pretest-posttest non-randomized control group was used. The population of the study was 4, 955 senior secondary year two (SS2) students offering chemistry in Yenagoa Education Zone out of which 153 students were selected for the study using purposive and random sampling techniques. The instrument for data collection was Chemistry Interest Scale (CIS) validated experts in Departments of Science Education and Educational......

Keywords: ethnochemistry, conventional, chemistry, interest, acid

[1]. Abakpa, B. O. (2011). Effects of mastery learning approach on senior secondary school students' achievement and interest in geometry. Unpublished PhD thesis; University ofAgriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria.
[2]. Akagobu, J. U. and Ajiwoju, J.A. (2015).Effect of gender and school location on secondary school students' achievement English vocabulary in junior secondary schools in Akoka South Education Zone Ondo state.International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature, 3(6), 17-24.
[3]. Amosa, I.G., Akawo, A.Y., Eli, S.G & Queen, E.U. (2014).Improving Secondary School Students' achievement and retention in Biology through Video-based Multimedia Instruction.Insight: A Journal of Scholarly Teaching, 9(1), 78-91.
[4]. Amosa, I.G., Akawo, A.Y., Eli, S.G and Queen, E.U. (2014).Improving Secondary School Students' achievement and retention in Biology through Video-based Multimedia Instruction.Insight: A Journal of Scholarly Teaching, 9(1), 78-91.
[5]. Anna, A. & Alexander, G. (2013).Ethnochemistry and human rights.ChemBiodivers, 10(9), 1-5.

Abstract: The main reasons for the decline of the Dutch East India Company are the high operating cost and the backward monopoly business model. Due to the large number of employees, labor costs continue to rise. In order to maintain monopoly privileges, companies need to spend a lot of management expenses, and must face more and more rampant smuggling and corruption. Although the company's income in Asia has been considerable, the overall financial situation has continued to deteriorate since the 18th century. Finally, due to the impact of the fourth Anglo Dutch war, a serious financial crisis broke out and completely collapsed.

Key words: Netherlands East India Company Operating costs Monopoly operation

[1]. Song Huiguo. The rise and fall of Dutch trade hegemony in modern times [J]. Journal of Heilongjiang Institute of education,
2018（8）.
[2]. Li Mingmin. An analysis of the reasons for the decline of the Dutch business empire in the 18th century [J]. Historical records of Heilongjiang,, 2014(8).
[3]. Zhang Zhenxing, Chen Jun. economic and historical reasons for the decline of the Netherlands [J]. Knowledge economy, 2007（12）：179-180.

Abstract: The study is aimed at evaluating the attitudes and perceptions of students towards learning of physics in the two colleges of education affiliated to Delta state university, Abraka. A questionnaire was employed as research instrument and administered to seventy (70) students that are in 100, 200 and 300 level students. The respondent's selection from one of the four (4) options was used for the analysis of data using a likert type scale. The results of the research questions were expressed in percentages and most of the students had negative attitude towards learning.....

[1]. Aiyelabegan, A.T (2003) Effect of physics practical on Students' Academic performance in Senior School Certificate Physics Examination in kwara state. Lafiagi Journal of Science Education 5 (1& 2), 84-89.
[2]. Ajileye, O. O (2006) Towards Effective Science Education: Issues in universal Basic Education Programme Journal of Sports Management and Educational Research 1 (2), 337.
[3]. Akanbi, A.O (2003). An Investigation into Students' Performance in Senior Secondary School Physics Journal of Teacher Education Trends 1(1), 58-64.
[4]. Akanbi, A.O. (2003) Trend in physics education in secondary school in Kwara State. Lafiagi Journal of Science Education, 5 (1&2), 69-75.
[5]. Asikhia, O.A. (2010) Students' and teachers' perception of the causes of poor academic performance in Ogun State Secondary Schools (Nigeria): Implications for Counseling for National Development European Journal of Social Sciences, 13(2), 229..

Abstract: This research was conducted to identify the student perception towards coral reefs damages in Tunku Abdul Rahman Marine Park, Sabah. The main objective for this study is to identify the level of student awareness towards coral reefs damages issue and the tourism activities that contribute to the coral reef damages. The questionnaire was used as a research instrument and the participants of this study were 157 recreational resort management students of public institutions in Malaysia. The data for this study was analyze using IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 23. The study found that 70.1......

Key words: Coral reef; Damages; Awareness; Tourism Activity; Marine Ecosystem

[1]. Tourism Malaysia. Receipts to Malaysia. Available from: http://mytourismdata.tourism.gov.my/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Arrival-Receipts-Jan-Dec-2019.pdf
[2]. Jamaludin, Md.J. Pembangunan pelancongan dan impaknya terhadap persekitaran fizikal pingir. Malaysian Journal of Environmental Management, 2009;10(2): 71-88.
[3]. Ghosh, Proshanta & Datta, Debajit. Coastal tourism and beach sustainability – An assessment of community perceptions in Kovalam, India. GEOGRAFIA Malaysia Journal of Society and Space. 2012; 8. 75-87.
[4]. A.N.A Anuar, A. Habibah J.Hamzah, Mohd Yusuff Hussain & A.Buang. Dasar pelancongan di Malaysia: Ke arah destinasi mesra pelancong. Akademika. 2012; 82(3): 79-91
[5]. Ibrahim, Johan Afendi and Abdul Razak, Norhanim and Ahmad, Mohamad Zaki. The impact of tourism development on beach destination: Case study of Cenang Beach, Langkawi. In: Persidangan Kebangsaan Ekonomi Malaysia ke VII (PERKEM VII), 4-6 June 2012..

Abstract: The study aimed at investigating challenges faced by teachers and students in online learning in order to create an innovative and effective online learning platform.Thematic analysis of qualitative research design was applied to analyze answers from 50 teachers and 50 students taken by using random sampling technique from 10 different secondary schools in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. In-depth interview was used to collect data. The findings showed many obstacles and shortcomings which can be classified into some categories; the availability of gadget, connection issues, LMS content issues, performance issues, and the last is interaction issues. Some suggestions such as; requiring supporting devices, such as computers, laptops, andsmartphonestobeabletousethe....

Key words: challenges;Online learning; platform; innovative; effective

[1]. Suwandi, Senowarsito, &Ardini, S.N. (2021). Secondary Students' Perceptions on Learning Management System in the Midst of Covid-19 Pandemic. ICESRE.
[2]. Law No. 20 of 2003 article 1 paragraph 1 about national education system in Indonesia.
[3]. Smart Learning System. 11 July 2021. http://bswgramedia.com/sekolah/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=38&Itemid=34
[4]. Kobasa, S. C., Maddi, S. R., Puccetti, M. C., & Zola, M. A. (1985). Effectivenessof hardiness, exercise and social support as resources against illness.Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 29, 525-533. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999%2885%2990086-8
[5]. Ahmed, N. and Al-Khanjari, Z. 2012. Effect of Moodle on Learning: An Oman Perception. International Journal of Digital Information and Wireless Communications (IJDIWC) 1(4): 782- 788 The Society of Digital Information and Wireless Communications. (ISSN 2225-658X). 2012.

Abstract: This study sought to establish the influence of in-service training of head teachers in curriculum management on their implementation of free primary education (FPE) in public primary schools in Kiambu County, Kenya. Theoretical foundation of the study was the Social Demand Approach to Education which is a model of educational planning aiming at aligning the educational investments according to the social demand for education but including economic use of the available resources. The role played by in-service training in curriculum management by head teachers in FPE in public primary schools is critical. Through the FPE policy, the government pays teachers, support staff and caters for utilities and the required basic teaching and learning resources. The study used an ex-post facto research design. A sample size of 50 head teachers was selected using simple random sampling.......

Key words: In-Service Training, Curriculum Management, Implementation of Free Primary Education, Public Primary Schools.

[1]. Bastian, H. & Wald, A. (2011). A Project Management Research Framework integrating multiple theoretical Perspectives and Influencing Factors. Project Management Journal, 42 (3), 4-22
[2]. Bloom, N., Genokos, C., Sadun, R. & Van Raenen, J. (2012). Management Practices across Firms and Countries. Journal of Management Perspectives, 7(4), 45- 69
[3]. Chepkonga, S. (2006). Training needs assessment in financial management of secondary school head teachers: a case study of Nandi North District. Master of Education Thesis, University of Nairobi.
[4]. DeMonte, J. (2013). High Quality Professional Development for Teachers. Supporting Teacher Training to Improve Student Learning. Centre for American Progress.
[5]. Dobbius, N., Higgins, K., Pierce, T., Tandy, R.D. & Tincani, M. (2011). An Analysis of Social Skills Instruction provided in teacher education and in-servicetraining service training programmes for general and special educators. Remedial and Special Education, 31(5), 358-367.

Abstract: The study conducted earlier by the researchers showed a huge gap was found between the kinds of textbooks needed and the existing textbooks used this whole time. It became the reason why this current study was aimed at investigating teachers' and students' perceptions of English textbooks with pragmatics perspective that can help English language learners achieve the expected communicative competence. Mixed methods research design was run to determine the objective of this study using 259 student respondents and 41 teacher respondents from 39 junior high schools throughout Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. Observation, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires were used to obtain data........

Key words: Analysis; Pragmatics; Textbooks; Indonesia; Perceptions

[1]. Celce-Murcia, M., Z. Dornyei, S Thurrell. 1995. Communicative Competence: A Pedagogically Motivated Model with Content Specifications. In Issues in Applied Linguistics, 6(2), pp 5-35.
[2]. Celce-Murcia, M., 2007. Rethinking the Role of Communicative Competence in Language Teaching. E. Alcón Soler and M.P. SafontJordà (eds.), Intercultural Language Use and Language Learning, 41–57. Springer.
[3]. Nostrand, H.L. 1991. The levels of cultural competence. In E.S. Silber (Ed.), Critical issues in foreign language instruction. New York and London: Garland.
[4]. Senowarsito, Suwandi, Musarokah, S., &Ardini, S.N. 2021. Pragmatics Based Textbooks: Do They Fulfil the Needs of Teachers and Students?.ICESRE Conference. Universitas PGRI Semarang.
[5]. Kasper, G. 1997. Second language teaching & curriculum center. University of Hawaii.http://www.nflrc.hawaii.edu/NetWorks/NW06/default.html.

Abstract: 3D animation was a required course for many college majors. However, the 3D animation course had less class hours, more teaching contents, more learning difficulties and poor learning effect.The author applied the flipped classroom teaching mode to the teaching of 3D animation course, which improved students' interest in learning and achieves good teaching results.

Key words: Micro-lectures; flipped classroom; 3D animation; teaching mode; Tetching experiment

[1]. Hu Tiesheng, Huang Mingyan, Li Min. The Three Stages of the Development of Micro-lecture in China and Its Enlightenment [J]. Journal of Distance Education, 2013, (04): 36-42.
[2]. Guo Jianpeng. The Teaching Model of Flipped Classroom: Variation-Unity-Revariant [J]. China University Teaching, 2021 (06): 77-86.

Abstract: With the keen and unique vision of female writers, Alice Monroe condenses the heroine's difficulties and anxiety under the suppression of paternal authority into the specific practical behavior of "escape" by looking into the experiences of women in family and marriage before and after marriage. The heroine Carla's two "escapes" reflect her two psychological states in different periods, and make different choices on this basis.

Key words: Feminism oppression Survival dilemma Escape

[1]. Alice Monroe. Escape [M]. Beijing: Beijing October literature and art Publishing house, 2004.
[2]. Zhao Huizhen. On Canadian female writer Alice Monroe and her works Female image [J]. Journal of Lanzhou University ,2012（30）.
[3]. Chen Feng. Life circumstances that cannot be escaped -- Alice Monroe's escape On the fate of women in Li [J]. Literary circles, literary criticism,2016（07）