iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2024

Abstract: A 27-Year-old male patient came with chief complaints of diminution of vision in left eye following blunt injury to his left eye with copper wire. The best corrected visual acuity in right and left eye at presentation was 6/6& 1/60. Slit lamp bio microscopy of the anterior segment was unremarkable in right eye, left eye revealed lid edema with nasal conjunctival tear with sub conjunctival hemorrhage , pupillary examination was normal .Fundus examination of left eye revealed vitreous hemorrhage with subretinal fluid at macula ,vertical chorioretinal defect along superotemporal arcade with sub retinal hemorrhage supero nasally with commontioretinae .Optical.....

[1] Ludwig Ca, Shields Ra, Do Dv, Moshfeghi Dm, Mahajan Vb. Traumatic Chorioretinitis Sclopetaria: Risk Factors, Management, And Prognosis. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep. 2019;14:39-46. Published 2019 Feb 16. Doi:10.1016/J.Ajoc.2019.02.004
[2] Dubovy Sr, Guyton Dl, Green Wr. Clinicopathologic Correlation Of Chorioretinitis Sclopetaria. Retina. 1997;17(6):510-520. Doi:10.1097/00006982-199711000-00005
[3] Martin Df, Awh Cc, Mccuen Bw 2nd, Jaffe Gj, Slott Jh, Machemer R. Treatment And Pathogenesis Of Traumatic Chorioretinal Rupture (Sclopetaria). Am J Ophthalmol. 1994;117(2):190-200.
[4] Ahmadabadi Mn, Karkhaneh R, Roohipoor R, Tabatabai A, Alimardani A. Clinical Presentation And Outcome Of Chorioretinitis Sclopetaria: A Case Series Study. Injury. 2010;41(1):82-85. Doi:10.1016/J.Injury.2009.02.016.

Abstract: Background: Dental anxiety among children can significantly impact their overall oral health and well-being. This study aims to assess the levels of dental anxiety among children age 7 to 12 in a dental clinic waiting room using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS). The aims of this observational study were to evaluate the impact of the dental waiting room and previous dental visits on dental anxiety among children aged 7 to 12 who were waiting for their treatment. Materials & Methodology: A total of 234 children aged 7 to 12 years were included in the study, and their dental anxiety levels were assessed.......

[1] Kleiman Mb. Fear Of Dentists As An Inhibiting Factor In Children'suse Of Dental Services. J Dent Child 1982;49:209-13.
[2] Herbertt Rm, Innés Jm. Familiarization And Preparatory Information In The Reduction Of Anxiety In Child Dental Patients. J Dent Child 1979;46:319-23.
[3] Kent Cg. The Psychology Of Dental Care. Bristol, Ct: Wright; 1991;43-65.
[4] Muneer Mu, Ismail F, Munir N, Shakoor A, Das G, Ahmed Ar, Ahmed Ma. Dental Anxiety And Influencing Factors In Adults. Healthcare (Basel). 2022 Nov 23;10(12):2352. Doi: 10.3390/Healthcare10122352. Pmid: 36553876; Pmcid: Pmc9777862.
[5] Karibe, H., Kato, Y., Shimazu, K. Et Al. Gender Differences In Adolescents' Perceptions Toward Dentists Using The Japanese Version Of The Dental Beliefs Survey: A Cross-Sectional Survey. Bmc Oral Health 19, 144 (2019). Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S12903-019-0845-Y

Abstract: Meige syndrome is a rare focal dystonic movement disorder characterized by blepharospasm (double eyelid spasms) and oromandibular dystonia. [1] Early and timely intervention in patients with Meige syndrome is essential for reducing morbidity and optimizing patient outcomes. Current treatment options for Meige syndrome include oral medication, botulinum toxin, DBS, and surgery in some cases. In the present report, authors present a case of Meige syndrome in a female.......

[1] Wang X, Mao Z, Cui Z, Xu X, Pan L, Liang S, Ling Z, Yu X. Predictive Factors For Long-Term Clinical Outcomes Of Deep Brain Stimulation In The Treatment Of Primary Meige Syndrome. J Neurosurg. 2019 Apr 05;132(5):1367-1375. [Pubmed]
[2] O'riordan S, Raymond D, Lynch T, Saunders-Pullman R, Bressman Sb, Daly L, Hutchinson M. Age At Onset As A Factor In Determining The Phenotype Of Primary Torsion Dystonia. Neurology. 2004 Oct 26;63(8):1423-6.
[3] Zheng W, Lv G, Lu Y, Liu J, Hao Q, Ding H, Liu Y, Liu R. Bilateral Pallidal Deep Brain Stimulation In Meige Syndrome: Effects On Motor Function, Neuropsychological Status, And Mood. Neurosurgery. 2023 May 01;92(5):1073-1079. [Pubmed]
[4] Eftekhari K, Choe Ch, Vagefi Mr, Gausas Re, Eckstein La. Oral Methylphenidate For The Treatment Of Refractory Facial Dystonias. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015 May-Jun;31(3):E65-6. [Pubmed]
[5] Huang C, Miao S, Chu H, Muheremu A, Wu J, Zhou R, Zuo H, Ma Y. Application Of Electrophysiological Methods And Magnetic Resonance Tomographic Angiography In The Differentiation Between Hemifacial Spasm And Meige Syndrome. Neurol Sci. 2016 May;37(5):769-75. [Pubmed]

Abstract: The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that plays a crucial role in the parathyroid glands and kidneys in maintaining calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. The extracellular CaSR is present in various cell types not implicated in controlling plasma Ca2+ levels. There is accumulating evidence that CaSR plays a significant role in regulating the function of β-cells in the pancreas. Divalent cations and insulin are released together during exocytosis, and their concentration in the restricted intercellular compartments.......

Keywords: Calcium-sensing receptor, Caffeine, photoaffinity-tagged glutathione, pancreatic β-cells

[1] Brown, E. M., & Macleod, R. J. (2001). Extracellular Calcium Sensing And Extracellular Calcium Signaling. Physiological Reviews, 81, 239–297.
[2] Brown, E. M., Gamba, G., Riccardi, D., Lombardi, M., Butters, R., Kifor, O., Et Al. (1993). Cloning And Characterization Of An Extracellular Ca2+-Sensing Receptor From Bovine Parathyroid. Nature, 366, 575–580.
[3] Chen, R. A.; Goodman, W. G. Role Of The Calcium-Sensing Receptor In Parathyroid Gland Physiology. Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. 2004, 286, F1005– F1011, Doi: 10.1152/Ajprenal.00013.2004.
[4] Hannan, F. M.; Kallay, E.; Chang, W.; Brandi, M. L.; Thakker, R. V. The Calcium-Sensing Receptor In Physiology And In Calcitropic And Noncalcitropic Diseases. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 2019, 15, 33– 51, Doi: 10.1038/S41574-018-0115-0.
[5] Squires Pe, Jones Pm, Younis My, Hills Ce. The Calcium-Sensing Receptor And Β-Cell Function. Vitam Horm. 2014; 95:249-67. Doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-800174-5.00010-7.

Abstract: Summary Introduction: Inguinal hernia, passage through the transversalis fascia of a peritoneal diverticulum, is a common condition often requiring surgical intervention. It represents one of the most frequent reasons for consultation in surgery, with a worldwide incidence estimated at 4.6% of the population. Objective: Describe the epidemiological, clinical aspects and therapeutic modalities of sublocal hernia repair of inguinal hernias in adults in the territory of Mulongo. Materials and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional and prospective study was conducted during a campaign of free general surgery......

Keywords: inguinal hernia, local anesthesia, Mulongo

[1] Kingsnorth A, Leblanc K. Hernias: Inguinal And Incisional. Lancet. 2003 Nov 8;362(9395):1561-71.
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[3] Koumare K, Diop Kt, Ongoiba N, Bouare M, Simpara D. Retrospective Evaluation Of 4539 Inguinal Hernia Cures Performed By District General Practitioners In Mali. Méd Afr Noire 1991;38(2):1137-141.
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[5] I Konate, M Cissé, T Wade, Pa Ba, J Tendeng, B Sine, M Dieng, Y Alami, A Dia, Ct Toure. Management Of Inguinal Hernias At The Surgical Clinic Of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital In Dakar: A Retrospective Study Of 432 Cases. J Afr Chir Digest 2010;10(2):1086-9

Abstract: We report a 49-year-old man who had a progressive rash that covered 90% of his total surface area in a period of 5 years. Confluent scaly erythematous plaques, which started on the upper back and spread to involve the scalp, face, chest, and limbs. Notable observations were subungual hyperkeratosis and onychogryphosis in all nails, along with follicular keratotic papules with waxy keratoderma on the palms and soles. Biopsy from skin lesions were suggestive of PRP. A focal hypoechoic thickening at the base of the bladder was found during abdominal ultrasonography, which could indicate edema or......

Keywords: Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris (PRP), Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT), Cystitis Cystica Glandularis (CCG)

[1] Lamberg, O., Cao, S., Sabater-Geib, S., Lowe, L., & Elder, J. (2021). A Case Of Recurrent And Paraneoplastic Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris. Jaad Case Reports, 12, 74-76.
[2] Mehta N, Coates Mm, Miles Ja, Miedema J, Blasiak Rc. A Case Of Paraneoplastic Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris. Jaad Case Rep. 2023 Jul 13;39:125-129. Doi: 10.1016/J.Jdcr.2023.06.045. Pmid: 37680569; Pmcid: Pmc10480444.
[3] Khan, I., & Khalil, U. (2005). Erythroderma Due To Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris. Journal Of Pakistan Association Of Dermatology, 31(2), 233-235.
[4] Greiling Tm, Brown F, Syed Ha. Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris. [Updated 2024 Apr 30]. In: Statpearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (Fl): Statpearls Publishing; 2024 Jan
[5] Selma E, D. Dd, Ahmet M, Özkay Ö, Nuran Sa, N. Da. An Acute Onset Erythrodermic Adult Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris Case And Response To Treatment With Methotrexate. J Turk Acad Dermatol.2014 Mar;8(1):0-0.

Abstract: Background: According to A. Marcacci et al (1888), when many reports emerged on light absorbing properties and of fluorescence of various dyes, it became clear that dye excitation by light exerts destructive action in biological systems. This so-called photodynamic action was described as a process in which light, after being absorbed by dyes sensitizes organisms for visible light inducing cell damage. The supra- and subgingival plaque biofilm on tooth surfaces should easily be accessible for flushing with the dye and for activating them by light. Thus, periodontal diseases are promising applications of Photodynamic Therapy. Introduction:.......

Keywords: Chronic periodontitis; Laser; Photodynamic therapy; Non-surgical periodontal therapy; Scaling and root planing.

[1] Bassir SH, Moslemi N, Jamali R, Et Al. Photoactivated Disinfection Using Light-Emitting Diodes As An Adjunct In The Management Of Chronic Periodontitis:A Pilot Double-Blind Split- Mouth Randomized Clinical Trial. J Clin Periodontol. 2013; 40(1):65-72. Doi:10.1111/Jcpe.12024.
[2] Tanner AC. Anaerobic Culture To Detect Periodontal And Caries Pathogens. J Oral Biosci. 2015; 57(1):18-26.
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[4] A. Marcacci, Sur L_Action Des Alcaloides Dans Le Regne Vegetal Et Animal, Arch. Ital. Biol. 9 (1888) 2–4.
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Abstract: Background: Head & neck tumors are defined as benign, premalignant & malignant tumors above the clavicles, except the tumors of brain, spinal cord and esophagus. This includes tumors of paranasal sinus, nasal cavity, salivary glands, thyroid and upper aerodigestive tract, lymph nodes of neck, skin & its appendages, soft tissue tumors, midline carcinomas & metastatic tumors. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging were the modalities for initial evaluation. Histopathology was the GOLD standard for diagnosis followed by IHC for confirmation.....

Keywords: Head & Neck tumors, Radiology, Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry, Diagnostic, Prognostic

[1] Konings H, Stappers S, Geens M, De Winter By, Lamote K, Van Meerbeeck Jp, Specenier P, Vanderveken Om, Ledeganck Kj. A Literature Review Of The Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers Of Head And Neck Neoplasms. Front Oncol. 2020 Jun 26;10:1020.
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[3] De Vries N, Van De Heyning Ph, Leemans Cr. Leerboek Keel- Neus-Oorheelkundeenhoofd-Halschirurgie. Houten: Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum; (2013). 10.1007.
[4] Sean T Massa, Lauren Cass, Sai Challapalli, Zisanshazahirsha, Matt Simpson, Nosayabaosazuwa-Peters, Gregory Ward. Age Differences In Demographic Predictors Of Head And Neck Cancer Survival. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 27 (7_Supplement), A88-A88, 2018.
[5] Larizadeh Mh, Damghani Ma, Shabani M. Epidemiological Characteristics Of Head And Neck Cancers In Southeast Of Iran. Iran J Cancer Prev. 2014; 7(2):80-6..

Abstract: Fistula-in-ano (FIA) is a chronic and often recurrent anorectal condition characterized by an abnormal communication between the rectum or anal canal and the perianal skin. Accurate diagnosis and management of FIA remain challenging due to the complexity of fistula tracts and potential complications. Traditional diagnostic methods like clinical examination and fistulography are commonly employed, but these methods often lack detailed visualization of the fistulous tracts. In recent years, transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) has emerged as a non-invasive, radiation-free, and cost-effective tool in the assessment of FIA. This study aims to review the role of transperineal ultrasonography in the assessment of fistula-in-ano, with respect to its current techniques........

[1] Giamundo P, Geraci M, Tibaldi L, Valente M. The Role Of 3d Endoanal Ultrasound In The Preoperative Assessment Of Patients With Fistula-In-Ano. Colorectal Dis. 2014;16(2)
[2] Laaksonen E, Arola J, Uotila-Nieminen M, Roine U, Carpelan-Holmström M, Koskensalo S. Transperineal Ultrasonography For The Evaluation Of Anal Fistula And Abscess: A Prospective Study. Dis Colon Rectum. 2019;62(2):199–204.
[3] Parks Ag, Gordon Ph, Hardcastle Jd. A Classification Of Fistula-In-Ano. Br J Surg. 1976;63(1):1–12.
[4] Morris J, Spencer J, Ambrose N. Mr Imaging Classification Of Perianal Fistulas And Its Implications For Patient Management. Radiographics. 2000;20(3):623–35.
[5] Agha Me, Anwar Mi, Ashry R, Ali Sa, El Ebrashy M. Preoperative Mri Of Perianal Fistula: Is It Really Indispensable? Can It Be Deceptive? Alexandria J Med. 2013;49(2):133–44.

Abstract: Background The aim of the retrospective study is to compare effectiveness, safety of oral misoprostol and Foley's catheter for labour induction with misoprostol. The efficacy is measured by induction to delivery interval, the total number of normal vaginal spontaneous delivery within 24 hours without any complications. The two methods of induction were compared. As there is no ideal method of induction of labour, several methods and a combination method with Foley's catheter and misoprostol was used to find the advantage of both methods. Materials and Methods.....

Keywords: Misoprostol, Foley's catheter with misoprostol, induction of labour, delivery outcomes

[1] J. I. Kemper, W. Li, S. Goni, M. Flanagan, A. Weeks, Z. Alfirevic, H. Bracken, S. Mundle, M. Goonewardene, M. Ten Eikelder, K. Bloemenkamp, K. O. Rengerink, H. Kruit, B. W. Mol, K. R. Palmer Foley Catheter Vs Oral Misoprostol For Induction Of Labor: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021 Feb;57(2):215-223.
[2] De Vaan Mdt, Ten Eikelder Mlg, Jozwiak M, Palmer Kr, Davies-Tuck M, Bloemenkamp Kw, Et Al. Mechanical Methods For Inductionof Labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;10:Cd001233
[3] Alfirevic Z, Gyte Gmi, Nogueira Pileggi V, Plachcinski R, Osoti Ao,Finucane Em. Home Versus Inpatient Induction Of Labour For Improv-Ing Birth Outcomes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;8:Cd007372
[4] Mundle S, Bracken H, Khedikar D, Mulik J, Faragher B, Easterlingt, Et Al. Foley Catheterisation Versus Oral Misoprostol For Inductionof Labour In Hypertensive Women In India (Inform): A Multicentre,Open-Label, Randomised Controlled Trial. Lancet. 2017;390:669–80.
[5] Anjali 1, Sandhya Jain 1, Shikha Pasrija 1, Hima Chandana Kille Labor Induction With Combined Low-Dose Oral Misoprostol And Foley Catheter Vs Oral Misoprostol Alone At Term Gestation-A Randomized Study Ajog Glob Rep 2022 Jun 11;2(3):100060.

Abstract: Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (Diabetic ketoacidosis) is an acute, major, life-threatening complication that mainly occurs in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and is the foremost cause of death in these children. Overall mortality in children with Diabetic ketoacidosis varies from 3.4% to 13.4% in developing countries. There is a need to understand outcomes among children with Diabetic ketoacidosis in sub-Saharan African countries. Objectives: To determine the death rate and clinical outcomes of children and adolescents aged 0-18 years managed for....

Keywords: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), Children and adolescents, Mortality rate, Risk factors for mortality, ISPAD guidelines

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[2]. J. I. Wolfsdorf, N. Glaser, M. Agus et al., "ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2018: Diabetic ketoacidosis and the hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state," Pediatric Diabetes, vol. 19, pp. 155–177, 2018.
[3]. A. N. Onyiriuka and E. Ifebi, "Ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents: frequency and clinical characteristics," Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 47, 2013.
[4]. A. N. Murunga and P. M. O. Owira, "Diabetic ketoacidosis: an overlooked child killer in sub-Saharan Africa?" Tropical Medicine and International Health, vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 1357–1364, 2013.
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