iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2024

Abstract: Background: Thyroid disorders are the most common endocrine abnormality in the world secondary to diabetes mellitus. Thyroid hormones are essential for growth, neuronal development, reproduction and regulation of energy metabolism. It influences the metabolism of all substrates including minerals. Many studies have shown that mineral metabolism is frequently disturbed in thyroid disorders. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on sixty newly confirmed hypothyroid cases based on the thyroid profile and sixty euthyroid.....

Keywords: Thyroid stimulating hormone, Thyroxin, Tri-Iodothyronine, Minerals and Subclinical hypothyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Mineral metabolism, Thyroid hormones, Electrolytes, Hypothyroidism, Minerals, T3, T4, TSH, Calcium, Hypothyroidism, Magnesium, Phosphorous

[1] Abedelmula M, Abdealla, Fadwa As. Serum Electrolytes And Bone Mineral Status In Sudanese Patients With Thyroid Dysfunction. Neelain Medical Journal. 2013; 3(12):52- 60.
[2] Acharya, Sourya, Samarth Shukla, Amol Andhale, And Vidyashreehulkoti. "Hashimoto's Encephalopathy (He) Early Manifestation Of Impending Thyroid Storm." Journal Of Evolution Of Medical And Dental Sciences-Jemds 9, No. 30 (July 27, 2020): 2164–65.
[3] Arvind Bharti, Shailaza Shrestha, Rahul Rai And Mukesh Kumar Singh. Assessment Of Serum Minerals And Electrolytes In Thyroid Patients. Ijasr. 2015; 01(6):259-263
[4] B. Suneel, D.R. Nagendra, R.R. Aparna, D. Balakrishna, And J.N. Naidu Mineral Status In Thyroid Disorders (Hypo & Hyper) International Journal Of Applied Biology And Pharmaceutical Technology.2011; 2(4):423-429.
[5] Christoph Schwarza, Alexander Benediktleichtle, Spiros A, Georg Martin F, Heinsz, Aristmenisk, Gregor L. Thyroid Function And Serum Electrolytes. Swiss Medical Weekly.2012; 13669 – 142.

Abstract: Orthodontic clear aligners have significantly transformed orthodontic care, becoming a popular alternative to traditional metal braces over the past two decades. These removable, nearly invisible devices offer aesthetic and functional advantages, especially for patients seeking more discreet and comfortable treatment options. Their growing prevalence in orthodontics is supported by advancements in digital imaging, 3D printing, and treatment planning technologies. This literature review explores the current evidence on the efficacy of clear aligners, patient satisfaction.....

[1] Nanda, R. (2018). Biologically-Based Orthodontic Treatment Mechanics And The Development Of The Temporomandibular Joint. New York: Springer.
[2] Kokich, V. G., Et Al. (2019). "Efficacy Of Clear Aligners In Treating Malocclusion: A Meta-Analysis."
[3] Harrison, J. E., Et Al. (2020). "Clinical Performance Of Clear Aligners: A Systematic Review."
[4] Patterson, S. D., Et Al. (2021). "The Impact Of Patient Compliance On Clear Aligner Treatment Duration."
[5] Almeida, A. A., Et Al. (2022). "Understanding Patient Perspectives On Clear Aligner Therapy.".

Abstract: Background. The main concern of patients and their parents seeking orthodontic treatment has always been the sagittal relationship between the jaws and dentition. The most commonly observed sagittal problems are skeletal class II maxillomandibular relationship which affects about one-third of the examined patients who seek orthodontic......

Keywords: Sagittal; Twinblock; Headgear

[1] Mcnamara Ja. Components Of Class Ii Malocclusion In Children 8-10 Years Of Age. Angle Orthod 1981;51:177- 202
[2] Baccetti T, Franchi L, Toth Lr, Mcnamara Ja. Treatment Timing For Twin-Block Therapy. American Journal Of Orthodontics And Dentofacial Orthopedics. 2000;118(2):159–70.
[3] Camilla Tulloch Jf, Phillips C, Koch G, Proffit Wr, Hill C, Carolina N. The Effect Of Early Intervention On Skeletal Pattern In Class H Malocclusion: A Randomized Clinical Trial. 1997.
[4] Daga Pn, Karandikar Gr, Ravindranath Vk, Doshi S. Correction Of Skeletal Sagittal Dysplasia Using Twin Block Traction Technique. J Contemp Dent 2016;6(1): 75-79.
[5] Clark, W. J. (1988). The Twin Block Technique A Functional Orthopedic Appliance System. American Journal Of Orthodontics And Dentofacial Orthopedics, 93(1), 1–18.

Abstract: Resume Contexte : La prise en charge précoce du paludisme grave débute par le diagnostic ou la reconnaissance précoce de la maladie surtout chez les enfants en détresse vitale. L'objectif était d'établir le lien entre les paramètres cliniques et biologiques. Méthodes : Il s'agit d'une étude quasi expérimentale, multicentrique qui a examinée 116 dossiers d'admission pédiatrique pour paludisme grave que nous avons suivie sous un protocole standardisé au cours de la période de 18 mois allant du 4 mars 2014 au 5 Aout 2015 ; dans 4 formations sanitaires de la ville province de Kinshasa, capitale......

[1] Sabin, Shirley V Simpson, Hiroaki Arima, Jea-Jacques Muyembe, Toshihiro Mita, Steve Ahuka. Il Est Temps De Renforcer La Politique De Lutte Contre Le Paludisme En Republique Démocratique Du Congo Et D'inclure Les Ecoles Et Les Enfants D'age Scolaire Dans Les Mesures De Lutte Contre Le Paludisme. Pathogenes 26 Jui 2022 ; 11(7) : 729.
[2] Jean Okitawutshu, Aita Signorell, Jean-Claude Kalenga, Eric Mukomena, Giulia Delvento, Christian Burri, Fatou Mwaluke, Valentina Buj, Moulaye Sangaré, Sylvie Luketa, Nina Brunner, Tristan Lee, Manuel Hetzel, Christian Lengeter, Antoinette Tshefu. Facteurs Clés Prédictifs De La Prise En Charge Des Cas Suspects De Paludisme Grave Et Des Résultats En Matiere De Santé : Une Etude Opérationnelle En République Du Congo. Malar 27 Septembre 2022 ; 21(1) :274.
[3] Thomas S Kunuanuma, Celestin N Nsibu, Joseph M Bodi, Therese K Tshibola, Mimy Makusi Bura, Kumbundu Magoga, Mathilde B Ekila, Hypolite T Situakibanza, Michel N Aloni. Paludisme Grave Chez Les Enfants. Rapport Descriptif De Kinshasa, République Democratique Du Congo. Pédiatr J Trop Aout 2015 ; 61(4) : 272-8
[4] Augustin Mulanga Mutombo, Olivier Mukuku, K#Ristel Nzeba Tshibanda, Edouard Kawawa Swana, Eric Mukomema, Dieudonné Tshikwej Ngwej, Oscar Numbi Luboya, Jean-Baptiste Kakoma, Stanislas Okitotsho Wembonyama, Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden, Pascal Lutumba. Paludisme Grave Et Facteurs De Risque De Deces Chez Les Enfants De Moins De Cinq Ans A L'hopital Jason Sendwe En Republique Democratique Du Congo. Pan Afr Med Jr Avril 2018 ; 29 : 184.

Abstract: Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a rare inherited disorder that affects ectodermal tissues such as hair, nails, teeth, and skin. Dental symptoms often include missing (anodontia) or reduced (hypodontia) primary and permanent teeth, conical teeth, and underdeveloped alveolar ridges. These orofacial issues frequently lead to psychosocial challenges, making the restoration of appearance and function particularly demanding. Hypohidrotic (anhidrotic) ED and hidrotic ED are the two most common syndromes in this group. The most prevalent form of ectodermal dysplasia is hypohidrotic......

Keywords: basal implants, ectodermal dysplasia, fixed partial denture, implant supported prosthesis

[1] Sweeney Ip, Ferguson Jw, Heggie Aa, Lucas Jo. Treatment Outcomes For Adolescent Ectodermal Dysplasia Patients Treated With Dental Implants. International Journal Of Paediatric Dentistry. 2005 Jul;15(4):241-8.
[2] Rathee M, Chhikara N, Ahlamat A, Divakar S, Chahal S. Prosthodontic Rehabilitation Of Young Adult Ectodermal Dysplasia Patient With Immediately Loaded Basal Implants: A Case Report. Annals Of The Romanian Society For Cell Biology. 2022 Nov 18;26(01):3496-504.C
[3] Koyuncuoglu Cz, Metin S, Saylan I. Full Mouth Rehabilitation Of A Patient With Ectodermal Dysplasia With Dental Implants. J Oral Implantol. 2014;40:714-723
[4] Ramos V, Giebink Dl, Fisher Jg, Christensen Lc. Complete Dentures For A Child With Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Clinical Report. J Prosthet Dent. 1995 Oct;74(4):329–31.
[5] Bergendal T, Eckerdal O, Hallonsten Al, Koch G, Kurol J, Kvint S. Osseointegrated Implants In The Oral Habilitation Of A Boy With Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Report. Int Dent J. 1991 Jun;41(3):149-56. Pmid: 1860721.

Abstract: Congenital infiltrative lipomatosis of the face is a benign condition in which mature adipocytes invade adjacent tissues causing diffuse fatty infiltration into the surrounding soft tissue and hyperplasia of the adjacent bone on the affected side. This case report of a 37-year-old female with congenital facial asymmetry and diffuse swelling on the right side of the face suggests true hemifacial hyperplasia, which is supported by both clinical and radiographic data which showed severe involvement of underlying bony structures of the temporomandibular joint, sphenoid, temporal, zygoma, right maxilla, mandible, associated dentition and adjacent soft tissues. It also revealed lipomatous enlargement with right temporomandibular joint ankylosis reported with multiple etiological factors and marked trismus, for which functional rehabilitation was achieved following surgical intervention.

Keywords: Temporomandibular joint ankylosis; Hémifacial hyperplasia; Infiltrative lipomatosis

[1]. Slavin Sa, Baker Dc, Mccarthy Jg, Mufarrij A. Congenital Infiltrating Lipomatosis Of The Face: Clinicopathologic Evaluation And Treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1983 Aug;72(2):158-64. Doi: 10.1097/00006534-198308000-00006. Pmid: 6192455.
[2]. Sun R, Sun L, Li G, Sun Z, Zhao Y, Ma X, Sun C. Congenital Infiltrating Lipomatosis Of The Face: A Subtype Of Hemifacial Hyperplasia. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2019 Oct; 125:107-112. Doi: 10.1016/J.Ijporl.2019.06.032. Epub 2019 Jun 30. Pmid: 31280031.
[3]. Maclellan Ra, Luks Vl, Vivero Mp, Mulliken Jb, Zurakowski D, Padwa Bl, Warman Ml, Greene Ak, Kurek Kc. Pik3ca Activating Mutations In Facial Infiltrating Lipomatosis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014 Jan;133(1):12e-19e. Doi: 10.1097/01.Prs.0000436822.26709.7c. Pmid: 24374682.
[4]. Bou-Haidar P, Taub P, Som P. Hemifacial Lipomatosis, A Possible Subtype Of Partial Hemifacial Hyperplasia: Ct And Mr Imaging Findings. Ajnr Am J Neuroradiol. 2010 May;31(5):891-3. Doi: 10.3174/Ajnr.A1857. Epub 2009 Nov 19. Pmid: 19926700; Pmcid: Pmc7964189.
[5]. Melethil A, Menon S, Sham Me, Kumar V. Infiltrating Lipomatosis, An Etiology For Tmj Ankylosis? J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2022 Jul-Sep;26(3):404-407. Doi: 10.4103/Jomfp.Jomfp_147_21. Epub 2022 Oct 17. Pmid: 36588848; Pmcid: Pmc9802528.

Abstract: Anaesthesiology, as a speciality branch in modern medicine has been evolving since 1846 with patient care extending beyond the operating rooms. However, the awareness about Anaesthesiology among medical professionals is still questionable. Background: In this study, we aim to assess the knowledge and attitude of medical students and house surgeons towards Anaesthesiology as a speciality using a written questionnaire. Material and......

Keywords: Anaesthesiology, knowledge, attitude, medical students, house surgeons

[1] Marulasiddappa V, Nethra Hn. A Survey On Awareness About The Role Of Anesthesia And Anesthesiologists Among The Patients Undergoing Surgeries In A Tertiary Care Teaching Women And Children Hospital. Anesthesia Essays And Researches. 2017 Jan 1;11(1):144-50.
[2] Mathur Sk, Dube Sk, Jain S. Knowledge About Anaesthesia And Anaesthesiologist Amongst General Population In India. Indian Journal Of Anaesthesia. 2009 Apr 1;53(2):179-86.
[3] Mehdiratta L, Dave Nm, Sahni N, Johnson E, Bidkar Pu, Grewal A. Comparing Postgraduate Anaesthesia Education In India And Abroad: Strengths And Scope. Indian Journal Of Anaesthesia. 2022 Jan 1;66(01):70-6.
[4] Bhatnagar S, Mehdiratta L, Karthik Ar. Corona Pandemic: Bringing Anaesthesiologist's Professional Role And Other Skills To The Fore. Indian Journal Of Anaesthesia. 2020 May 1;64(Suppl 2):S87-90.
[5] Uma Br, Hanji As. "Anaesthesia And Anaesthesiologists: How Famous Are We Among The General Population?"-A Survey. Journal Of Clinical And Diagnostic Research: Jcdr. 2013 Dec;7(12):2898.

Abstract: Background: Oral cancer remains a global health problem. Lack of awareness leads to inadequate watchfulness regarding early signs/symptoms despite the ease of visual oral inspection. Dental hygienists play an important role in early detection of oral cancerous lesions. Evidence on the awareness and knowledge level of oral cancer and its associated risk factors among dental hygienists in Libya is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) regarding OC among dental hygienists in Libya. Materials and methods: Administered......

Keywords: Oral cancer; dental hygienists; Libya; awareness; knowledge; attitude; practice

[1]. Sung, H.; Ferlay, J.; Siegel, R.L.; Laversanne, M.; Soerjomataram, I.; Jemal, A.; Bray, F. Global Cancer Statistics 2020: Globocan Estimates Of Incidence And Mortality Worldwide For 36 Cancers In 185 Countries. Ca Cancer J. Clin. 2021, 71, 209–249.
[2]. Ren Zh, Hu Cy, He Hr, Li Yj, Lyu J. Global And Regional Burdens Of Oral Cancer From 1990 To 2017: Results From The Global Burden Of Disease Study. Cancer Commun (Lond). 2020: 40(2-3):81-92.
[3]. Moore, S R; Johnson, Nw; Pierce, Am; Wilson, Df .The Epidemiology Of Tongue Cancer: A Review Of Global Incidence. 2000; 6(2): 65-74.
[4]. Who Global Oral Health Programme; Global Data On Incidence Of Oral Cancer. Switzerland : World Health Organization; 2005
[5]. Singh R, Al Sudani O. Cancer Mortality In Benghazi, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, 1991-96. Emhj-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 2001; 7 (1-2), 255-273.

Abstract: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common primary malignancy of liver. Intrahepatic mass-forming (IMCC) is one of the three patterns of cholangio carcinoma. On imaging IMCC usually presents as irregularly outlined homogenous mass with low attenuation and minimal peripheral enhancement, mild intrahepatic biliary dilatation (IHBD). Sometimes, biliary dilatation, capsular retraction and satellite nodules are other features helping in diagnosis of IMCC. Out of 56 cases we evaluated for liver neoplasms on MDCT, the most common lesions encountered are Hepatocellular carcinoma (n=47, 83.9%) followed by Cholangiocarcinoma. All the 5 cases of IMCC.....

Keywords: cholangiocarcinoma, Hepato-cellular carcinoma, hepatic abscess

[1] Ciresa M, De Gaetano Am, Pompili M, Saviano A, Infante A. Montagna M Et Al: Enhancement Pattern Of Intrahepatic Mass-Forming Cholangiocarcinoma At Multiphasic Computed Tomography And Magnetic Resonance Imaging And Correlation With Clinico-Pathologic Features. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2015; 19: 2786-2797.
[2] Lavarone M, Piscaglia F, Vavassori S, Galassi M, Sangiovanni A Et Al: Contrast Enhanced Ct-Scan To Diagnose Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma In Patient With Cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2013; 58:1188-1193
[3] Sheng Rf, Zeng Ms, Rao Sx, Ji Y, Chen Ll: Mri Of Small Intrahepatic Mass- Forming Cholangiocarcinoma And Atypical Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma (<3cm) With Cirrhosis And Chronic Viral Hepatitis/A Comparative Study. Clin Imaging 2014: 38:265-272.
[4] Tsunemastsu S, Chuma M, Kamiyama T , Miyamoto N, Yabusaki S Et Al. Intra-Tumoral Artery On Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Imaging. Differentiating Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma From Poorly Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Abdominal Imaging 2015; 40:1492-1499
[5] Tsao Ji, Nimura Y, Kamiya J, Hayakawa N, Kondo S Et Al. Management Of Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma : Comparison Of An American And A Japanese Experience. Ann Surg 2000; 232 :166-74.

Abstract: Background: India ranks 3rd in the prevalence of oral squamous cell carcinoma in the world, Oral epithelial dysplasia is highly prevalent in the country. This can be seen due to a myriad of oral habits which includes smokeless tobacco chewing. Materials and methods: One-year retrospective study to assess the prevalence and incidence of various tobacco and non- tobacco derived OED and OSCC.....

[1] Poothakulath Krishnan R, Pandiar D, Ramani P, Et Al.(November 01,2023) Comparision Of Clinico-Demographic And Histological Parameters Between Young And Old Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cureus 15(11):E48137. Doi 10.7759/Cureus.48137
[2] Correlation Of Site Of Occurrence Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma And Level Of Lymph Node Metastasis. Monica K, Hannah R,Sukumaran G, Ramani P ,Ramasubramanian A. Int J Cur Res Rev. 2020;12:42–46.
[3] Ferreira E Costa R, Leão Mlb, Sant'ana Msp, Mesquita Ra, Gomez Rs, Santos-Silva Ar, Khurram Sa, Tailor A, Schouwstra Cm, Robinson L, Van Heerden Wfp, Tomasi Ra, Gorrino R, De Prato Rsf, Taylor Am, Urizar Jma, De Mendoza Ili, Radhakrishnan R, Chandrashekar C, Choi Sw, Thomson P, Pontes Har, Fonseca Fp. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Frequency In Young Patients From Referral Centers Around The World. Head Neck Pathol. 2022 Sep;16(3):755-762. Doi: 10.1007/S12105-022-01441-W. Epub 2022 Mar 22. Erratum In: Head Neck Pathol. 2022 Dec;16(4):1263. Doi: 10.1007/S12105-022-01503-Z. Pmid: 35316511; Pmcid: Pmc9424469.
[4] Poothakulath Krishnan R, Pandiar D, Ramani P, Jayaraman S, Subramanian R. Comparison Of Clinico-Demographic And Histological Parameters Between Young And Old Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cureus. 2023 Nov 1;15(11):E48137. Doi: 10.7759/Cureus.48137. Pmid: 38046721; Pmcid: Pmc10693383.
[5] Singh S, Singh J, Chandra S, Samadi Fm. Prevalence Of Oral Cancer And Oral Epithelial Dysplasia Among North Indian Population: A Retrospective Institutional Study. J Oral Maxillofacpathol. 2020 Jan-Apr;24(1):87-92. Doi: 10.4103/Jomfp.Jomfp_347_19. Epub 2020 May 8. Pmid: 32508454; Pmcid: Pmc7269288.

Abstract: Avulsion is a rare but serious dental injury which requires quick and careful treatment. This case report shows how avulsed maxillary incisors were successfully replanted, even after being outside the mouth for 120 minutes and stored in tap water. Two 12-year-old boys suffered dental injuries to their front teeth due to falls. After examining them, the avulsed teeth were replanted following the guidelines from the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) and were stabilized with a splint. Both patients underwent planned root canal treatment. Follow-up checks at one, three, six, and twelve months showed no issues, and X-rays confirmed no signs of tooth resorption.

[1] Kadulkar N, Kataki R, Deka A, Thonai S. Replantation Of An Avulsed Tooth: A Case Report. Cureus [Internet]. 2023 May 18; Available From: Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.7759/Cureus.39198
[2] Balgi P, Poojari M, Pol S, Shetty S, Katge F. Replantation Of An Avulsed Tooth: A Case Report. J Dent Health Oral Disord Ther. 2017;7(6):400–4.
[3] Singh M, Singh N, Dhiman Rk, Kumar D. Xternal Replacement Resorption In An Avulsed Reimplanted Permanent Incisors. J Int Clin Dent Res Organ. 2013;5:27–30.
[4] Fouad Af, Abbott Pv, Tsilingaridis G, Cohenca N, Lauridsen E, Bourguignon C, Et Al. International Association Of Dental Traumatology Guidelines For The Management Of Traumatic Dental Injuries: 2. Avulsion Of Permanent Teeth. Dent Traumatol. 2020 Aug;36(4):331–42.
[5] Savas S, Kucukyilmaz E, Akcay M, Koseoglu S. Delayed Replantation Of Avulsed Teeth: Two Case Reports. Case Rep Dent. 2015;2015:1– 5.

Abstract: Introduction: Anencephaly is a neural tube defect which is occurred in cranial region due to the failure of neural tube closure. In India, a survey showed the incidence to be 4.5 in 1000 live births, higher than the West.
Case Report: During collection of placenta samples for Thesis works. An 18-year-old women admitted in Gynaecology Ward with chief complaints of Primigravidarum 23 +2 weeks with Anencephaly. After proper counselling with patient's husband & their legal guardian as there is no viability of this fetuses. Planned for ERPC under General Anaesthesia.....

Keywords: Anencephaly, Neural Tube Defect. Ultrasound, Prenatal Diagnosis, Folic Acid Deficiency.

[1] Al-Obaidly S, Thomas J Et Al. Anencephaly And Obstetric Outcome Beyond The Age Of Availability. J Perinat Med 2018; 46(8): 885-888
[2] Ekmekci E, Gencdal S. What's Happening When The Pregnancies Are Not Terminated In Case Of Anencephalic Fetuses? J Clin Med Res. 2019; 11(5): 332-336
[3] Thomas Mp, Stern Lm, Morris Ll. Etiologichetero Geneity Of Neural Tube Defects. N Engl J Med 1976;294:365-9.
[4] Sadler T W. Langman's Medical Embryology. Wolters Kluwer South Asian 10th Edition 2019; 1(6): 79-80.
[5] Kondo A, Kamihira O, Ozawa H. Neural Tube Defects: Prevalence, Etiology And Prevention. Intl J Urol 2009;16:49-57..