IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-10 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2016

Abstract: The nutritional attributes of soybean has led to the availability of soy products particularly soybean powder of diverse qualities since its production technique is robust. This studyis aimed at evaluating the quality of soybean powder displayed in major marketslocated in Umuahia, Abia state, Nigeria. The proximate composition, vitamin and mineral content and microbial safety were analysed.The protein content of all the samples were found to be low (2.4-4.5%), which could be attributed to the poor processing methods used..........

KeyWords: Soybean powder,anti-nutritional factors, microbial analysis, nutrient composition

[1] M.O. Iwe, Food science and nutrition, processing and utilization (Rojont Communication services Ltd 65 Adelabust.Uwani Enugu, Nigeria 2003)
[2] A.A. Addo and C. R. B. Ogunta .Nutritional value of soybeans. Paper presented at training workshop of Extension workers in soyabean processing and utilization, FMAWA&RS/UNAAB Soybean Popularization Project AMREC/UNAAB, Abeokuta Nigeria, 1993, 9.
[3] N. G. Agbo, N. C. Kouame, H. Kohoro, R. Traore and S.M. Osho, Status of soybean Production and utilization in Cote d'Ivoire, Proc.Postharvest Conference, Accra, Ghana, 1995, 157-158.
[4] O.A. Kure, E. J, Bahago and E. A. Daniel, Studies on the proximate composition and effect of flour particle size of acceptability of biscuits produced from blends of soyabeans and plantain flours. Namoda Tech. Scope Journal 3(2) 1998, 17-22.
[5] O. A. Olaoye, A. A. Onilude and O. A. Idowu,Quality characteristics of bread produced fromcomposite flours of wheat, plantain and soybeans, African Journal of Biotechnology 5 (11), 2006, 1102-1106.

Abstract: Improper solid waste management is one of the causes of environmental degradation in the developing countries like Bangladesh which results uncollected waste on roads and public places. The objective of the study was to quantify and characterize household solid waste (HSW) as well as to observe the stakeholders' attitudes towards its management in Habiganj for the formulation of frame work for sustainable solid waste management. The study was carried out in Habiganj Municipality with structured questionnaire including some attitudinal questions..........

KeyWords: Solid Waste, Characterization, Generation, Management, Community-based organization

[1] C. Zurbrügg. Urban Solid Waste Management in Low-Income Countries of Asia. How to Cope with the Garbage Crisis: Scientific Committee on Problems of the Environment (SCOPE) Urban Solid Waste Management Review Session, Durban, South Africa. 2002. pp. 1-13.
[2] T. Karak , R. M. Bhagat and P. Bhattacharyya. Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Composition, and Management, The World Scenario Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 42, 2012, 1509–1630.
[3] M. Salequzzaman, M. Awal, M. Alam. Willingness to pay: community based solid waste management and its sustainability in Bangladesh, Proc. of the International Conf. "The Future is Here", RMIT, Melbourne, Victoria, January 15-19, 2001.
[4] K. M. Bahauddin, and M. H. Uddin, Prospect of Solid Waste Situation and An Approach of Environmental Management Measure (EMM) Model for Sustainable Solid Waste Management: Case Study of Dhaka City, Journal of Environmental Science and Natural Resources, 5(1), 2012, 99-111.
[5] I. Enayetullah, A. H. M. M. Sinha, S. S. A. Khan, Urban Solid Waste Management Scenario of Bangladesh: Problems and Prospects. Waste Concern Technical Documentation, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2005, 18p.

Abstract: The effect of interaction between thermal radiation and seasonal variation on some physical properties of selected cassava cultivars in the Niger Delta Nigeria was studied. The study was carried out around Emuoha Local government Area of River State for a period of twelve (12) months from July to June. Three exotic cassava cultivars (coded TMS-30572; NR-8082 and NR-84292) were planted and monitored at various distances from thermal radiation source (flare site): 0-150m; 150-300m; 300-450m; 450-600m and 1000-2000m. The results showed that there were significant effects of thermal radiation on leaf area (0.561**)..........

KeyWords: Cassava, cultivars, thermal radiation, seasonal variation, physical properties, flare.

[1]. Otunkor O. O. and Ohwovorione P. A. (2015). The effect of gas flaring on Agricultural production of Okpai, Ndukwa East Local Government Area, Delta State, Nigeria. Standard Scientific Research and EssaysVol 3(9): 266-272
[2]. Justice in Nigeria Now-JINN, (2010) Gas Flaring in Nigeria: an Overview. Accessed on August 20 2016) via http:// www.justiceinnigerianow.org
[3]. .Ayoola, T. J, (2011). "Gas flaring and its implication for environmental accounting in Nigeria," Journal of Sustainable Development. 4(5). 244-250.
[4]. Ite, Aniefiok E., and Udo J. Ibok. (2013) "Gas Flaring and Venting Associated with Petroleum Exploration and Production in the Nigeria's Niger Delta." American Journal of Environmental Protection.Vol.1(4): 70-77.

[5]. Kindzierski, W.D, (2000). "Importance of human environmental exposure to hazardous air pollutants from gas flares," Environmental Reviews, 8, 41-62.

Abstract: Adsorption removal of toxic heavy metals from wastewaters is considered as one of the most important methods of wastewater treatment due to its low maintenance cost, high efficiency and ease of operation. The adsorption capacities of some specific clay minerals have been known to improve significantly when modified with quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs).In the present study, kaolinite clay from Alkaleri LGA, Northeast-Nigeria was characterized and modified with a cationic surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA-Br) and applied for batch sorption of Lead (II) ion contaminant from aqueous solution at different pH values..........

KeyWords: Alkaleri Kaolinite Clay, Nigeria, Cationic Surfactant, Lead (II) Sorption, Kinetic, Isotherm

[1]. Ahmed M. E. I. (2016) Selective Adsorption of Cadmium Species onto Organic Clay Using Experimental and Geochemical Speciation Modeling Data, IACSIT International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 8(2)128-131
[2]. Ahmed S. A. S. (2009) Removal of Toxic Pollutants from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto Organo-kaolin, Carbon Letters. 10(4)305-313
[3]. Anguile J. J., Mbadcam J. K., Ndaghu D. D. and Dongmo S. (2013) Effect of Solution parameters on the Adsorption of Cobalt (II) ions on Smectite from Cameroon: Equilibrium studies, Journal of Academia and Industrial Research, 2(4)210-215
[4]. Aroke U. O. and El-Nafaty U. A. (2014) XRF, XRD and FTIR Properties and Characterization of HDTMA-Br Surface Modified Organo-Kaolinite Clay, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, 4(4)817-825
[5]. Aroke U. O., El-Nafaty U. A. and Osha O. A. (2014) Removal of Oxyanion Contaminants from Wastewater by Sorption onto HDTMA-Br Surface Modified Organo-Kaolinite Clay, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering. 4(1)475-484

Abstract: Daily activities within our abattoirs are usually associated with some pollution problems especially when generated wastes are not properly disposed. The present study examines the groundwater quality around abattoirs in Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Well-water samples from nine different locations were obtained. The study area was divided into three (3) zones viz; no abattoir area, central abattoir area and mini abattoir area respectively. The results from field and laboratory analysis showed that the samples from abattoir areas have higher concentrations of many of the parameters tested than those away from any abattoir. The abattoirs were seen to influence the concentrations of sodium..........

KeyWords: Abattoir, Keffi, Nigeria, water quality, well water

[1]. M. M. Ndamitso, S. Idris, M. B. Likita, O. T. Jimoh, A. I. Ajai, and A. A. Bala, Physico-chemical and Escherichia coli assessment of selected sachet water produced in some areas of Minna, Niger State, Nigeria, International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering 5(3), 2013, 134 – 140.
[2]. M.O. Aremu, D.U. Sangari, B.Z. Musa, and M.S. Chaanda, Assessment of groundwater and stream quality for trace metals and physico-chemical contaminations in Toto Local Government Area of Nasarawa State, Nigeria, International Journal of Chemical Sciences. 1(1), 2008, 8-16. Nasarawa State University, Keffi, Nigeria.
[3]. J.Y. Magaji and C.D. Chup, The effects of abattoir waste on water quality in Gwagwalada-Abuja, Nigeria, Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management, 5(4), 2012, 542-549.
[4]. A.O. Oyinlola and G.O. Jegede, Geophysical survey, geochemical and microbiological investigation of ground and well water in Ado-Ekiti, North-east, Southwestern Nigeria, Global Journal of Geological Sciences, 1(2), 2004, 235-238.
[5]. W.D. Nafarnda, A. Yayi and H.I. Kubkomawa, Impact of abattoir waste on aquatic life: A case study of Yola abattoir, Global Journal Pure & Applied Science, 12, 2006, 31-33.

Abstract: The Ecotourism is considered as the most attractive subset of tourism industry which can contribute to natural resource conservation and local development under proper management. The most stable solution in developing countries for developing ecotourism is through proper assessment, identification and prioritization of different areas with the capacity to support tourism within the counties and country at large, and then creating enabling environment through infrastructure creation. This paper presents an identification of the potential areas for ecotourism in enhancing the socio-economic status of the indigenous communities of the Kwale County, using Analytic Hierarchy..........

KeyWords: Ecotourism, Geographic Information Systems, Analytic Hierarchy Process

[1] T. I. E. Society., "Fact sheet: Global ecotourism," 2006. [Online]. Available: http://mekongtourism.org/website/wpcontent/uploads/downloads/2011/02/Fact-Sheet-Global-Ecotourism-IETS.pdf. [Accessed 13 June 2015].
[2] A. Stronza and W. & Dunham, "Ecotourism and conservation in the Americas," CAB International., Wallingford, 2008.
[3] H. Ceballos-Lascurain, "The future of ecotourism," Mexico Journal, vol. 1, pp. 13-14, 1987.
[4] K. A. Ziffer, "Ecotourism: The uneasy alliance," Conservation International, Washington, DC, 1989.
[5] C. J. Stem, J. P. Lassoie, D. R. Lee and D. J. & Deshler, "How Eco‟ is Ecotourism? A comparative case study of ecotourism in Costa Rica.," Journal of Sustainable Tourism, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 322-347, 2003.

Abstract: The study contains an analysis of precipitation, covering multiple profiles and based on the GPCC database that provides monthly mean values for the territory of Poland. The analysis includes data for the period 1901–2010 with a spatial resolution of 0.5°x°0.5° of geographic longitude and latitude. The initial section of the analysis contains an assessment of GPCC data accuracy for the territory of Poland and the period..........

KeyWords: GPCC data, monthly precipitation, frequency analysis, climate trend in precipitation, taxonomic analysis of precipitation, wet years, dry years

[1]. Adler, R.F., G.J. Huffman, A. Chang, R. Ferraro, P. Xie, J. Janowiak, B. Rudolf, U. Schneider, S. Curtis, D. Bolvin, A. Gruber, J. Susskind, P. Arkin and E. Nelkin: The Version-2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Monthly Precipitation analysis (1979- present).J. Hydrometeorol., 2003, 4, 1147–1167.
[2]. A. Becker, P. Finger, A. Meyer-Christoffer, B. Rudolf, K. Schamm, U. Schneider, and M. Ziese , A description of the global land-surface precipitation data products of the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre with sample applications including centennial (trend) analysis from 1901–present, Global Precipitation Climatology Centre, DeutscherWetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany, 2013
[3]. B. Kaźmierczak, A. Kotowski, M. Wdowikowski, Analiza tendencji rocznych i sezonowych zmian wysokości opadów atmosferycznych w dorzeczu Górnej Odry, Ochrona Środowiska, January 2014, Vol. 36(No. 3):49-54 ·
[4]. B. Banaszkiewicz, K. Grabowska, Z. Szwejkowski,Characterisation of variability of atmospheric precipitation at selected stations of the Mazury Lake. ActaAgrophysica. 2008, Vol. 12 (1) s. 19– 27.
[5]. J. Boryczka, M. Stopa-Boryczka, Cykliczne wahania temperatury powietrza i opadów w Polsce w XIX I XXI wieku. Acta Agrophysica. 2004, Vol. 3 (1) s. 21–33.

Abstract: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of the moisture content on some physical and thermal properties of bambara groundnut (BBG) seeds. The properties were evaluated at five levels of moisture from11. 23 % to 28.11 % (wet basis). The average length, width and thickness were 12.10, 10.71 and 11.36 mm, at a moisture content of 11.23 %w.b., respectively. In the moisture range from 11.23% to 28.11% w.b., studies on rewetted BBG seeds showed that the unit seed mass increased from 1.115 to 1.634 g, the bulk density decreased from 795.25 to 781.87 kg/m3, the true density increased from 1193.00 to1226.11 kg/m3 and the porosity from 34.53 to 43.07 %...........

KeyWords: Bambara groundnut, Physical properties, Thermal properties, Empirical models

[1]. Adekunle, A.A., Shittu, T.A. , Abioye, A.O., Adeyanju, J.A. & Osanaiye , F.G. (2013) Physical and thermal properties of baobab fruit pulp powder International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications , 3(3): 925-928
[2]. Aviara, N. A., Haque, M. A., & Izge, I. A., (2000). Physical properties of shea-nut (B. paradoxum) in relation to mechanical processing. Agro Science (in press).
[3]. Aydin, C. (2002). Physical properties of hazel nuts. Biosystems Engineering, 82: 297-303.
[4]. Babic, L., Radojèin, M., Pavkov, I., Babic, M., Turan, J., Zoranovic, M. & Stanišic, S. (2013). Physical properties and compressionloading behaviour of corn seed. Int. Agrophys., 27, 119-126.
[5]. Bagherpour, H., Minae,i S. & Khoshtaghaza, M.H. (2010). Selected physic-mechanical properties of lentil seed. Int. Agrophys., 24: 81-84.

Abstract: Road accidents is a major cause of mortality worldwide with urgent action required to mitigate against the negative impacts. A comprehensive accident recording and analysis system can provide a GIS-based solution for control and management of accident events as a real-time monitoring system. This paper presents a GIS approach to road accident management based on spatial autocorrelation. It goes further to analyzing the spatial viability of emergency services offered to the accident victims. The study starts with the identification of the accident prone zones along Waiyaki Way in Nairobi, Kenya using GPS and GIS..........

KeyWords: Accidents, GIS, AIMS

[1]. Alegana VA, Wright JA, Nahzat SM, Butt W, Sediqi AW, Habib N, et al. Modelling the incidence of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Afghanistan 2006-2009. PLoS One. 2014;9(7).
[2]. Alegana VA, Wright JA, Pentrina U, Noor AM, Snow RW, Atkinson PM. Spatial modelling of healthcare utilisation for treatment of fever in Namibia. Int. J. Health Geogr. [Internet]. 2012;11(1):6. Available from: http://www.ij-health geo graphics.com/content/11/1/6
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Abstract: A study was carried out among iron foundry workers to assess occupational exposure to ambient respiratory dust in their work environment and rates of risk factors in each process by using Bayesian decision analysis (BDA) and AIHA (American Industrial Hygiene Association) exposure categorization guidelines. A total of 93 respirable dust samples were collected in various processes, including the molding, melting, shakeout, heat treatment, felting and finishing units of the foundries...........

KeyWords: Dust exposure, foundry, Bayesian model and risk factor

[1]. YH Cheng, YC Chao, CH Wu, et al. Measurement of ultrafine particle concentrations and size distribution in an iron foundry. J Hazard Mater, 158, 2008,24–130. [2]. L Anderson, IL Bryngelsson, CG Ohlson et al.. Quartz and dust exposure in Swedish iron foundries. J Occup Environ Hyg, 6, 2008, 9–18.
[3]. GM Liss, DI Bernstein, DR Moller, et al. Pulmonary and immunologic evaluation of foundry workers exposed to methylene diphenyldiisocyanate (MDI). Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 82(1), 1988, 55–61. [4]. HL Chen, MH Lin, CJ Chen, et al. Assessments of PAHs Exposure and Health Effects for Foundry's Workers. Epidemiology, 22(1), 2011, S231-S232. [5]. AM Hansen, O Omland, OM Poulsen et al. Correlation between work process-related exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and urinary levels of alpha-naphthol, beta-naphthylamine and 1-hydroxypyrene in iron foundry workers. Int Arch Occup Environ Health, 65(6), 1994, 385–394.

Abstract: The present study compared the fatty acids, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) of four commercially important fresh-water fish species, Clarias gariepinus (CG), Oreochromis niloticus (ON), Synodontis budgetti (SB), and Mormyrops deliciosus MD), using Gas Chromatographic and High Performance Lipid Chromatographic methods. Results showed that the percent polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) determined from CG were, 35.709, 14.310, 45.845 and 32.345, from Amassoma, Swali, Tombia (in Bayelsa State, South-South of Nigeria) and Lagos rivers respectively. The prominent omega-3 fatty acid determined were eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)...........

KeyWords: Cholesterol, fatty acids, fish, lipids.

[1] K.C Justi, C. Hayashi, J.V. Visentainer, N.E. de Souza, and M. Matsushita, The influence of feed supply time on the fatty acid profile of Nile tilapia (Oreochomis niloticus) fed on a diet enriched with n-3 fatty acids, Food Chemistry, 80, 2003, 489- 493.
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[4] M.H. Moghadasian, Advances in Dietary Enrichment with n-3 Fatty Acids, Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 48 (5), 2008, 402–10.
[5] L. Cleland, M. James, and S. Proudman, Fish oil: What the prescriber needs to know, Arthritis Research &Therapy 8 (1), 2006, 679–81.

Abstract: The Calcium carbide (CaC2), a chemical often misused by local fruit vendors in Nigeria to stimulate artificial ripening, was tested on mammalian model for possible haematological inductions. Thirty male albino mice (Mus musculus) of isogenic strains (age≈8weeks; weight=32.5±2.0g) were acclimatized for 2 weeks and fed standard growers mash and water ad libutum at ambient temperature≈28.0±1.0°C. They were subsequently exposed to graded CaC2-in-feed concentrations (w/w) of 2.5000...........

KeyWords: Calcium carbide, fruit vendors, haematological inductions, artificial ripening

[1] M Asif , Physico-chemical Properties and Toxic Effect of Fruit Ripening against Calcium Carbide, Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 5, 2012, 150-160.
[2] Consumers Association of Penang (CAP), Ban the Use of Carbide to Ripen Fruits, Retrieved July 20, 2014 from http://www.consumers.org.my/index.php/food/safety/502.
[3] S.A. Fattah, M.Y. Ali, Carbide Ripened Fruits -A Recent Health Hazard, Faridpur Medical College Journal, 5(2), 2010, 37.
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[5] H. Kjuus, A. Andersen, S. Langard, Incidence of Cancer among Workers Producing Calcium Carbide. Porsgrunn and the Cancer Registry of Norway, Norway, 2007

Abstract: Groundwater vulnerability assessment was carried out in Rangpur district due to climate change and with an aim to assess the climatic change evaluation and groundwater vulnerability. The climatic parameter such as rainfall and temperature were used to evaluate the changes of climate. Moisture index, drought hazard index, flood hazard index and groundwater vulnerability assessment were calculated following the Thornthwaite model (1948), Shahid and Behrawan (2008) and GIS based DRASTIC model. The analysis reveals that rainfall related flood hazards may increase over the years as the duration and magnitude of rainfall may increase. As temperature of Rangpur may change, so potential evaporation will change..........

KeyWords: Vulnerability, Hazard, DRASTIC, GIS and Meteorological drought

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[3]. Al-Rawabdeh, A. M., Nadhir A., Al-Ansari, Ahmed A., Al-Taani and Knutsson S. (2013) A GIS-Based Drastic Model for Assessing Aquifer Vulnerability in Amman-Zerqa Groundwater Basin, Jordan. Scientific Research. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/eng.2013.55059. [Accessed: 6 April, 2010].
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Abstract: The objective was to study the mortality rate of Lipaphis erysimi and its larvae by using neem leaf extract and appropriate dose of concentrations for checking the insect population.For this cultivars were raised with three dates of sowing at an interval of 15 days each in subplots with three replications each and the clones of mustard aphids were maintained. Theeffect of neem leaf extract on different larvae stages of aphids was studied and for that neem leaf extract of different concentrations was prepared, rearing of aphid's larvae was done and then the mortality rate of the aphid larvae (i.e. 1st, 3rd and 5th instars) in presence of neem leaf extract at different time intervals with different concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%) was studied.From the study it was observed that the aphid, L............

KeyWords: Lipaphis erysimi, neem leaf extract, mortality, eco-friendly, insecticide

[1]. R.Pandey and N.N.Singh, Effectiveness of bio-control based IPM modules against Lipaphis erysimi Kaltenbach (Hemiptera: Aphididae),Journal of Plant Protection Research, 48 (1), 2008,112-116.
[2]. M.A.Hossain, M.K. Maiti, A. Basu, S. Sen, A,K. Ghosh and S.K.Sen , Transgenic expression of Onion leaf lectin gene in Indian mustard offers protection against aphid colonization,Crop Sci., 46, 2006, 2022-2032.
[3]. L.R.Nault and W.E. Styer, Effects of sinigrin on host selection by aphids,Entomol. Exp. Appl., 15, 1972, 423-429.
[4]. B.K.Agarwala, Phenotypic plasticity in aphids (Homoptera: Insecta): Components of variation and causative factors,Current Science, 93 (3), 2007, 308-313.
[5]. M.Bridges,A.M.E.Jones, A.M. Bones, C. Hodgson, R. Cole, E. Bartlet, R. Wallsgrove, V.K. Karapapa, N. Watts and J.T.Rossiter,Spatial organization of the glucosinolate-myrosinase system in Brassica specialist aphids is similar to that of the host plant,Proceedings: Biological Sciences, 269 (1487),2002, 187-191.