IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-10 ~ Issue-6 ~ June 2016

Abstract: This study was designed to evaluates the vitamin compositions of three Musa species at three stages of development. Spectrophotometric method was employed in the determination of vitamin contents. The vitamin compositions of the three Musa species at three stages of development revealed that vitamin A and vitamin C components of the samples were higher when compared with vitamin B1, B2 and B3 contents of all the samples at the different stages of development...........

KeyWords: Vitamin, Musa species, Spectrophotometric, Fruits and Significant increase

[1]. Singh, R., S.A. Dar and P. Sharma,(2012). Antibacterial activity and toxicological evaluation of semi purified hexane extract of Urtica dioica leaves. Res. Journal of Medicinal Plant, 66: 123-135.
[2]. Izonfuo W.A.L. and V.O.T. Omuaru (1988)," Effect of Ripening on the Chemical Composition of Plantain Peels and Pulps (Musa paradisiaca)", Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 45:333-336.
[3]. Yu, P., Christensen, D. A. and Mckinion, J. J (2004), In situ rumen degradation kinetics of timothy and alfalfa as affected by cultivar and stage of maturity, Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 84: 255- 263.
[4]. Duhan, A., B.M. Chauhan and D. Punia(1992), Nutritional value of some non-conventional plant food of India, Plant Foods Human Nutrition, 42: 193-200. [5]. Chanda, S., Kaneria, M. and Nair, R (2011), Antibacterial activity of Psoralea corylifolia L. seed and aerial parts with various extraction methods, Res. Journal of Microbiology, 60: 124-131.

Abstract: Samples of Phyllanthus Muellerianus were collected from Enyigba mines in Ebonyi State alongside the soil samples. Different concentration in mg/kg of Zn, Pb, As, Cd, Ni and Cr were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (ASS) technique. The result showed the mean concentration of heavy metals to be Zn (11.40 mg/kg), As (2.40 mg/kg), Cd (0.30 mg/kg), Cr (1.93 mg/kg), Ni (14.88 mg/kg) and Pb (2.60 mg/kg). The concentration of the heavy metals in the soil were found to be in the order top soil > mid soil > sub soil which showed that the origin of the metal is anthropogenic in nature. The mean pH of the soil was 6.68 while the organic matter was 1.48 which hiders the availability of Pb in the soil. Translocation factor (TF > 1) was observed for Cd and Pb and Bioaccumulation factor (BAF > 1) was observed for Pb. This shows that this weed could be used as phytoremediation agent in lead and cadmium polluted environment.............

KeyWords: Phyllanthus Muellerianus, Enyigba mines, Phytoremediation and Lead.

[1]. Adhikari, T., Manna, M. C., Singh, M. V., and Wanjari, R. H. (2004). Bioremediation measure to minimize heavy metals accumulation in Soils and Crops irrigated with City effluents. Food Agriculture and Environment (2), 266-270.

[2]. Assuncao A., Bookum W., Nelissen H., Vooijs R., Schat H. and Ernst W. (2003) Differential metal-specific tolerance and accumulation patterns among Thlaspu caerulescens populations originating from different soil types. New Phytol. 159, 411-419
[3]. Audu A.A. and Lawal A.O. (2005). Variation in metal contents of plants in vegetable garden sites in Kano Metropolis. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management 10(2):105-109.

[4]. Baker, A. and Brooks, R. (1989). Terrestrial Higher Plants which Hyperaccululate Metallic Elements- A Review of their Distribution, Ecology and Phytochemistry, A B Academic. Great Britain, pp 102-122 [5]. Brady, N.C., and Wiel R.R. (1999) The nature and properties of soils. 12th ed. Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River, NJ. pp 23-26

Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) composition of Okposi and Uburu salt lakes and the possible effect of its consumption to some reproductive parameters were determined. The Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) compounds composition were determined using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopic equipments. 200 adult male sprague -dawley rats sperm number, sperm morphology and sperm mobility were grouped into eighteen groups of A to Q. Group A to D were given 0.5ml, 1.0ml, 2.0mls and 4.0mls of water from Uburu salt Lake. Group E to H were administered 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg of salt from Uburu salt Lake...........

KeyWords: Reproductive toxicity, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, sperm number, sperm mobility, sperm morphology , salt lakes and fertility.

[1]. Agbafor, K.N., P.M. Ajah, C.E. Offor, I.O. Igwenyi and U.A. Ibiam. (2011).
[2]. Examination of cardiovascular toxicity and trace elements status in albino rats treated with Okposi and Uburu salt lakes (Nigeria). Research Journal of Environmental Toxicology, 5:229-234.

[3]. Agbafor, K.N., Nwachukwu, N and Ogbanshi, M. E. (2010). Effect of Okposi and Uburu (Nigeria) Lakes on trace elements levels and hematological system in rats. Journal of science technology, 16: 52 – 58.
[4]. Agbafor K.N., Ibiam U.A and Omaka N.O. (2008). Analysis of Hg, Zn, Fe, Pb, Cu, Cd, Cr, Na and Cl- in Uburu and Okposi salt lakes, Journal of Applied and Natural Sciences 3:20-23.
[5]. Akubugwo, I.E., Osfoegbu, C.J and Ukwuoma, C.U. (2007). Physicochemical studies on Uburu salt Lake, Ebonyi State – Nigeria. Pakistan Journal of Biological science, 10(8): 3170 -3174

Abstract: Effects of ethanolic leave extract of Annona muricata on paracetamol-induced liver damage in albino rats were investigated. Liver damage was induced by oral administration of 800mg/kg of paracetamol for seven days. The induced liver damage was indicated by abnormal fall in serum levels of total protein, albumin, globulin and weight loss. Serum levels of total protein, globulin, albumin and weight changes were monitored for 14 days at 7 days intervals in all the groups. The results showed that the levels of total protein, albumin and globulin were significantly increased (P<0.05) in the treated groups (C-E) compared to the negative control (B, induced but not treated), while the levels were highest in the positive control (A) which neither received paracetamol nor leave extract.............

KeyWords: Annona muricata, Rats, Paracetamol total protein, albumin, globulin and weight

1]. Blazka, M.E., Wilmer, J. L., Holladay, S .P., Wilson, R. E. and Luster, M. T., 1995. Role of Proinflammatory cytokines in acetaminophen hepatotoxicity. Toxicology of Applied Pharmacology 24: 181- 1236.
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Abstract: A survey of the round worm, Ascaris lumbricoides was conducted among children aged 3 – 18 years in communities within Izzi local government area in Ebonyi state, Nigeria. The purpose of the study was to determine the incidence of the round worm among the children in the local government. A total of 300 faecal samples collected from the communities in the area were examined using the sodium chloride concentration method, out of which 15 (5.0%) were infected with the parasite. A total of 161 males and 139 females were sampled. The incidence among females (5.8%) was higher than males (4.3%). Age group 16 – 19 years had the highest percentage infection (11.1%)..............

KeyWords: Ascaris lumbricoides, Izzi local government, Ebonyi state and Incidence.

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Abstract: Water is a prime natural resource, a basic human need and a precious natural asset. At present it has been the matter of global concern to think about the quality of water. To evaluate the extent of pollution, the physical and biological parameters of Dardha river water samples such as colour, turbidity, pH, biological oxygen demand (BOD) and total coliform counts (TCC) have been measured and discussed. The four sites along Dardha river in Jehanabad Town were selected for conducting the present study and it was observed that the sangam ghat was found to be more contaminated than the other sites.

KeyWords: Dardha river water, colour, turbidity, pH, BOD, TCC.

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Abstract: One component of the coastal ecosystem is seagrass ecosystems which play an important role in the life at sea. Seagrass ecosystems grow between mangrove and coral reef ecosystems. Seagrass coastal waters Labakkang existence provides many benefits but still lack the information about the data of seagrass. This study aims to determine the species composition, density, diversity and distribution of seagrass relation to environmental characteristics...............

KeyWords: Seagrass distribution, PCA, mixed communities, environment parameter, species composition

[1]. Akaahan, T.J.A., Araoye, P.A and Adikwu, I.A. 2014. Benthic fauna community structure in river Benue at Makurdi, Benue state, Nigeria. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies ; 1(6): 32-39
[2]. Akhrianti, I., D.G. Bengen and I. Setyobudiandi. 2014. Spatial distribution and habitat preferences bivalves in coastal waters of Simpang Pesak, East Belitung. Journal of Tropical Marine Science and Technology, 6 (1): 171-185
[3]. Anyona, D.G., P.O. Abuom., G.O.Dida., F.B. Gelder and J.O. Onyuka. 2014. Effect of Anthropogenic Activities on Physico-chemical Parameters and Benthic Macroinvertebrates River Tributaries, Kenya. Merit Research Journal of Environmental Science and Toxicology, Vol. 2 (5): 98-109
[4]. Arbi, U.Y. 2011. Mollusks Community Structure in Seagrass Aquatic Talise Island, North Sulawesi. Oceanology and Limnology in Indonesia 37: 71-89

Abstract: Ranggawulung's urban forest (RUF) is a 80 ha mountain forest and a protected area (in-situ conservation area) located in Subang, West Java, Indonesia which is as shelter for birds. This study aimed to determine bird diversity and their habitat in vegetation of RUF in relation to land fragmentation. Diversity of bird used the point transect method with a radius of 50 m in a distance between point count of 100 m which was observed for one week...............

KeyWords: Birds diversity, Guilds, Habitat, Ranggawulung's Urban Forest

[1]. W. Sukmantoro, M. Irham, W. Novarino, F. Hasudungan, N. Kemp and M. Muchtar, List of birds of Indonesia no. 2 (Indonesian Ornithologists' Union, Bogor, 2007).
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[3]. Centre for Environmental Studies, Report study of biodiversity and biological resources in Ranggawulung Urban Forest, Subang (Centre for Environmental Studies UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta and PT. Pertamina EP Java Regian Field Subang, 2012).
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Abstract: Irrigation water quality is a major problem faced by agricultural sector and this may be due to natural causes and contamination. The research was carried out to analyze the suitability of Oshin River in Oke-Oyi irrigation scheme of Lower Niger River Basin Authority for irrigation purposes. Water samples were collected from different section of Oshin River along irrigated lands. The samples were analyzed for both physical and chemical properties, the result were compared with FAO standard to determine their effect on the irrigated field.............

KeyWords: Irrigation, irrigated field, suitability,water quality

[1]. OurimbahV.B (2011). Irrigation Water Quality. Department of primary industry.Agriculture NSW - Field Vegetables. First edition, Page 1-3.
[2]. James C. (2001). Irrigation Water Quality. Turf grass Programme Clemson University. Update from the 2001 Carolinas GCSA annual meeting. Page 1-13.
[3]. Al-KhaierR. B. (2003). Guidelines for designing and evaluating surface irrigation systems. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 45.
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Abstract: The objective of this study was to appraise the levels of heavy metals contamination within the vicinity of the Moradabad well known as Brass city. Surface dust samples were collected from various points at the e-waste burning sites and its environment. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer preceded by acid digestion was used to evaluate the concentration of the heavy metals in the samples. Heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pd, Cr, Ar, and Hg which were very high than the levels for which intervention is required...............

KeyWords: Electronic waste, heavy metals, environmental pollution, Brass city.

[1]. Atiemo, S.M.,F.G. Ofosu, I.J.K. Aboh and P.O. Yeboah, 2010. Determination of heavy metals and human health risk assessment of road dust on the Tema motorway and Tetteh Quarshie interchange in Accra, Ghana. J. Ghana Sci. Assoc., 12(2): 76-85.
[2]. Atiemo, S.M.,Ofosu, F.G., Kwame I.J. Aboh and O.C.Oppon, 2012. Levels and sources of heavy metal contamination in road dust in selected major highways of Accra, Ghana. X-Ray Spectrom, 41: 100-110.
[3]. Dongarra, G., G. Sabatino, M. Triscari and D. Varrica, 2003. The effects of anthropogenic particulate emissions on roadway dust and Nerium oleander leaves in Messina (Sicily, Italy). J. Env. Monit., 5:766-773
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[5]. Geochemistry and risk assessment of street dust in Luanda, Angola: A tropical urban environment. Atmospheric Environ, 9: 4501-45312..

Abstract: Indonesian coastal marine is a habitat for several species of silverside fish groups, one of which is a fish of sosodek (Atherinomorus lacunosus Foster, 1801). Fish of sosodek has many names including the hardyhead silverside, slender hardyhead, pitted hardyhead, robust hardyhead [1], broad-banded hardyhead [2], and wide-banded hardyhead silverside [3]. We embed the common name for A. lacunosus originating from Banggai waters is Banggai Hardyhead Silverside.

[1]. D. J. Bray, 2011. Slender Hardyhead, Atherinomorus lacunosus, in Fishes of Australia, accessed 02 Jun 2016. http://www.fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/species/4630
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Abstract: Heavy metal contamination was assessed in the sediments of Asia's largest lagoon, Chilika lake lying on the east coast of India. Sediments were collected from 11 locations, from four different hydro ecological regions and were analysed for Pb, Cu, Zn, Co, Cd, Ni, Mn and Fe. Based on the Igeoand CF values the results obtained reveal that sediments are highly polluted with Cu, Zn and Ni at some location, whereas a moderate pollution for Pb is observed at most of the sites.Slight pollution of Cr was also observed.According to PLI, sites near the sea mouth and river confluence are highly polluted due to agricultural, municipal and domestic wastes. Large boat traffic is another major cause of metal pollution..............

KeyWords: ....................

[1]. K. Ioannides, K. Stamoulis, C. Papachristodoulou, E. Tziamou, C. Markantonaki, I. Tsodoulos. (2015). Distribution of heavy metals in sediment cores of Lake Pamvotis (Greece): a pollution and potential risk assessment.Environ Monit Assess (2015) 187:4209. DOI 10.1007/s10661-014-4209-4.
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[3]. Li, M., Zang, S., Xiao H., Wu, C. (2014). Speciation and distribution characteristics of heavy metals and pollution assessments in the sediments of Nashina Lake, Heilongjiang, China.Ecotoxicology, 23:681–688.DOI 10.1007/s10646-014-1180-3.
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Abstract: Background: Organophosphorus compounds are the most commonly used type of insecticides in Egypt. There are more than 40 different types known and used nowadays either individually or in mixed forms.This study aimed to detect the different types of organophosphorus insecticides(OPI)used in the Egyptian environment detected by studying the acutely intoxicated patients presented to PCC-ASUand correlating it to the severity of their presentations and epidemiological backgrounds..............

KeyWords: Organophosphorus Insecticides; Occupational; Egyptian; Environmental; PCC-ASU; Acutely Intoxication.

[1]. Halstead NT, Civitello DJ, Rohr JR. Comparative toxicities of organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides to aquatic macroarthropods. Chemosphere. 2015;135:265–271.
[2]. Apurva K R. Joshi and P.S. Rajini (2012). Organophosphorus Insecticides and Glucose Homeostasis, Insecticides - Pest Engineering, Dr. Farzana Perveen (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-895-3, [3]. Eddleston, M, Buckley, NA, Eyer, P, Dawson, AH. Management of acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning. Lancet. 2008; 371: 597-607. [4]. World Health Organization The impact of pesticides on health., Pesticide exposure and suicidal ideation in rural communities in Zhejiang province, China (October 2009).

Abstract: Detailed studies indicate that heavy metals and metalloids have effects on chlorophyll and amino acid content in plants. Heavy metals are known to interfere with chlorophyll synthesis either through direct inhibition of an enzymatic step or by inducing deficiency of an essential nutrient.). Proline accumulation, accepted as an indicator of environmental stress, is also considered to have important protective roles. Heavy metal stress leads to proline accumulation. Proline accumulation in plant tissues has been suggested to result from (a) a decrease in proline degradation, (b) an increase in proline biosynthesis, (c) a decrease in protein synthesis or proline utilization, and (d) hydrolysis of proteins.

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