IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-10 ~ Issue-9 ~ September 2016

Abstract: In the present world population is 7 billion with a growth rate of 1.1% per year. The twentieth century world saw a rapid increase in fossil fuel consumption. The energy percentage of fossil fuels are 80% (Oil & Gas 63%, Coal: 27%) of the total energy. World crude oil demand grew at an average rate of 1.76% per year. Oil and gas consumption is essential to sustaining economic growth in the industrialized world and is key to progress in nations working their way toward prosperity. The oil and gas industry is a truly global industry, it is extended from Alaska to Australia and Peru to China, and in every habitat from Arctic to desert, from tropical rainforest to temperate wood land, from mangrove to offshore..........

KeyWords: World Oil Industry, Oil Spill, Environmental Impact, Controlling Measures

[1] Crain.E. R, P.Eng, "A True History of Oil and Gas Development‟, Canadian Well Logging Society, 2000, P. 1-4
[2] J. Longwell, Harry. "The Future of the Oil and Gas Industry: Past Approaches and New Challenges, World Energy, Vol.5, No.3, 2002, P.101
[3] Mansor shattri & seyedeh zahra pourvakhshouri, Oil spill management via decision support system, 2003, P.1 – 9.
[4] Mandryk Wally, Lloyd‟s Marine Intelligence Unit, International Maritime Statistics Forum, 2009, P. 8 – 12.
[5] Nicolas Bornozis, A Review of Global Shipping Market, Greek Shipping is a Global Leader, P.6.

Abstract: The study determined the effect of debittering methods on the quality of flours prepared from orange seeds. Orange seeds were removed from orange fruits, washed and then sundried at 30 ± 2˚C for 8h. Orange seeds (20kg) were soaked in water for 12h, boiled for 40, 80, 120, and 160min respectively. The boiled seeds were dehulled, ovendried (60 ˚C for 14h) grounded and defatted, milled and sieved. Flours were analyzed for proximate composition, sensory and functional properties.........

KeyWords: Debittered orange seed flour, Debittering methods, Functional properties, Orange seed, Pasting properties, Proximate composition.

[1]. E. I. Oikeh, K. Oriakhi, and E. S. Omoregie, Proximate analysis and photochemical screening of citrus sinensis fruit wastes. The Bioscientist, 1(2), 2013, 164 - 170.
[2]. M. B. Atta, and M. G. El-Shenawi, (2013). Functional properties and in-vitro digestibility of bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) seed flour. Journal of Agricultural Science and Soil Sciences, 3, 2013 042 - 047.
[3]. S. S. Kulwant, and K. S. Minhas, Handbook of fruits and fruit processing: oranges and citrus juices. (Oxford, United Kingdom, Blackwell Publishing, 2006) 322 - 325.
[4]. B. B. LalKaushal, and N. K. Thakur, Pilot scale debittering of kinnow juice using adsorbent amberlite XAD-16. Journal of Science and Industrial Research, 60, 2001, 896 - 899.
[5]. A. N. Siddiqui, D. N. Kulkarni, K. D. Kulkarni, and M. Z. Mulla (2013). Studies on debittering of sweet orange juice. World Journal of Dairy and Food Sciences, 8 (2), 2013, 185 – 189.

Abstract: An efficient method was developed for the simultaneous determination of sunset yellow and azorubine in carbonated orange flavor soft drink samples by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV-Vis). Affecting parameters on separation and detection of the dyes were investigated and optimized. For these dyes good linearity (0.25–50 mg L-1, > r2=0.99) were obtained. Limits of detection for both of the dyes were 0.1 mg L-1. The recoveries of the dyes ranged from 92 to 102%. Intra and inter-day precision expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD%) at 5.0 and 50 mg L-1 levels less than 8.0% were also achieved........

KeyWords: Synthetic dyes, High performance liquid chromatography, Sunset yellow, Azorubine, Carbonated orange flavor soft drinks.

[1]. R.P. Heaney and K. Rafferty, Carbonated beverages and urinary calcium excretion. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 74, 2001, 343–347.
[2]. V.S. Malik, M.B. Schulze and F.B. Hu, Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: A systematic review. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 84, 2006, 274–278.
[3]. G. Wyshak, R.E. Frisch, T.E. Albright, N.L. Albright, I. Schiff and J. Witschi, Nonalcoholic carbonated beverage consumption and bone fractures among women former college athletes. Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 7, 1989, 91–99.
[4]. S.P. Alves, D. Mares Brum, E.C. Branco de Andrade and A.D.P. Netto, Determination of synthetic dyes in selected foodstuffs by high performance liquid chromatography with UV-DAD detection. Food Chemistry, 107, 2008, 489–496.
[5]. N.E. Llamas, M. Garrido, M.S. Di Nezio and B.S. Fernandez, Band Second order advantage in the determination of amaranth, Sunset yellow FCF and Tartrazine by UV–vis and multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares. Analytica Chimica Acta, 655, 2009, 38–42..

Abstract: Despite the great role played by education in creating knowledge, developing skills and attitudes among people, little climate change content exists in taught curricula especially in most developing countries. This study therefore aimed at undertaking a survey on Kenya's situation to establish steps made in infusing such content into the taught curriculum and challenges that come with such efforts. The study targeted heads of selected subjects (Agriculture, Biology, Chemistry, Physics, History, Christian Religious Education, Geography and Business Studies) from Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development. The.........

KeyWords: Challenges, Climate Change, Infusion, Successes, Taught Curriculum.

[1]. Aja, S. (2015). Addressing the Challenges of Climatic Change through Environmental Education for Sustainable Universal Basic Education Programme in Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science (IOSR-JHSS). Volume 20 (11), PP 10-13.
[2]. Bangay C. and Blum N. (2010). Education Responses to Climate Change and Quality: Two parts of the same agenda? International journal of Educational Development. 30(4): 335-450
[3]. Bloom, D. Canning, D. and Chan, K. (2005). Higher Education and Economic Development in Africa. Harvard University Press: Harvard.
[4]. Chakeredza S., Temu, A., Yaye, A., Mukingwa, S., & Saka, K. (2009). Mainstreaming Climate Change into Agricultural Education: Challenges and Perspectives. ICRAF Working Paper, 82. Nairobi, Kenya: World Agroforestry Centre. Debating policy Options for National Development; Enugu Forum Policy Paper 10; African Institute for Applied Economics (AIAE); Enugu Nigeria, 13-18.
[5]. Damtew Wolde (2008). The Role of Education in Addressing Environmental Problems and Sustainable Development of Ethiopia. Institute of Educational Research (IER), 15(2), pp1-38, Addis Ababa University.

Abstract: A lot of effort is needed to diverse food products utilisation of cassava leaves which are regarded as famine reserve crop for food security. The objective of this study was to evaluate protein, fibre and sensory of meat floss incorporated with different amount of cassava leaves (CL) (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). Its stability during storage was monitored for 84 days in terms of lipid oxidation through peroxide value (PV) and formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS). The results showed that protein content decreases while fibre content increases with the increase amount of CL substitution..........

KeyWords: cassava leaf, fiber, lipid oxidation, meat floss, protein.

[1] FAO. (2012). Economic and social development department. In FAO statistical yearbook 2012.
[2] J. Berman, Zhu, C., Perez-Massot, E., Arj_o, G., Zorrilla-L_opez, U., Masip, G., et al. (2013). Can the world afford to ignore biotechnology solutions that address food insecurity? Plant Molecular Biology, 1-15.
[3] A.F. Awoyinka, Abegunde, V. O., & Adewusi, S. R. A. (1995). Nutrient content of young cassava leaves and assessment of their acceptance as a green vegetable in Nigeria. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 47, 21-28.
[4] C. Wobeto, Corrêa, A. D., Abreu, C. M. P., Santos, C. D. and Abreu, J. R. (2006). Nutrients in the cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaf meal at three ages of the plant. Food Science and Technology, 26(4), 865-869.
[5] G.B. Oguntimein (1988). Processing cassava for animal feed. In L. R. S. K. Hahn, & G. N. Egbunike (Eds.), Potential of cassava as livestock feed in Africa. IITA/ILCA/University of Ibadan.

Abstract: The research has been conducted by using the laundry liquid waste. The purpose of this research is to find out the solids in the laundry liquid water in a particular area such as East Jakarta and Central Jakarta. The result shown that level of the solids has been dissolved in ground water it was from 0.19 to 0.34. The level of the solids the one has been dissolved to laundry waste tend to be cloudy (not clear) with TDS (ppt) from 0.13 to 0.86. Whereas liner obtained from the sample of laundry water (before and after laundry process) tend to high.........

KeyWords: TDS, Liquid waste, Waste Influence .

[1]. H.Z. Abidin, R. Djaja, D. Darmawan, S. Hadi, A. Akbar, H. Rajiyowiryono, Y. Sudibyo, I. Meilano, M. Kasuma, J. Kahar, Land subsidence of Jakarta (Indonesia) and its geodetic monitoring system, Publisher, City, 2001.

[2]. S. Sudarmadi, S. Suzuki, T. Kawada, H. Netti, S. Soemantri, A.T. Tugaswati, A survey of perception, knowledge, awareness, and attitude in regard to environmental problems in a sample of two different social groups in Jakarta, Indonesia, Publisher, City, 2001.

[3]. J.J.-G. Chen, H.-L. Lee, An ergonomic analysis system for laundry industries, Publisher, City, 1994.

[4]. L. Manni, K. Jellouli, O. Ghorbel-Bellaaj, R. Agrebi, A. Haddar, A. Sellami-Kamoun, M. Nasri, An oxidant-and solvent-stable protease produced by Bacillus cereus SV1: application in the deproteinization of shrimp wastes and as a laundry detergent additive, Publisher, City, 2010.

[5]. S. El Haggar, Sustainable industrial design and waste management: cradle-to-cradle for sustainable development, Academic Press, 2010.

Abstract: This work aimed to inventory the medicinal plants used in traditional medicine to treat skin infections by the urban population of the Grand Casablanca region. For obtaining the data, frequent fieldtrips were made to the investigatedareas between March and Mayfrom 2012 to 2015. The study was conductedwith a questionnaire method using a survey sheet submitted at individual interview to a randomly chosen populationsample of 2000 persons. Socio-demographic characteristics of the interviewees, used medicinal plants, plant parts used, methods of herbal preparation and administration were then documented..........

KeyWords: Casablanca (Morocco),Urban Ethnobotany, Traditional Medicine.

[1]. Farnsworth N. R., Akerele O., Bingel A. S., Soejarto D., and Guo Z. « Place of medicinal plants in the therapeutic ». WHO Bulletin 2, no 64 (1986): 159‑75.
[2]. Scherrer A.M.Motti R., and Weckerle C.S. « Traditional plant use in the areas of Monte Vesole and Ascea, Cilento National Park (Campania, Southern Italy) ».Journal of Ethnopharmacology 97 (2005) : 129‑43.
[3]. Tabassum N. and Hamdani M. « Plants used to treat skin diseases ». Pharmacognosy Reviews, 8 (2014): 52–60.
[4]. Pellow T. and Morsy M. The relation of Thomas Pellow: a reading of Morocco in the 18th century. Publishing Research on Civilizations. Vol. 252 pages, 1983.
[5]. High Commission for Planning. Monograph of the region of Casablanca, 2010..

Abstract: The Study was conducted to determine the effect of nutrient and oxygen role in the in two different aquatic ecosystems.Oxygen demand available in the water column affects the macrophytes growth and water quality of the aquifers. The study was carried out in two different aquatic ecosystems one situated in the urban area and another in the agricultural surrounding with rural deem..........

KeyWords: Biochemical oxygen demand,Dissolved oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Wetland.

[1]. Nixon. S.W. and V. Lee. 1986. Wetlands and water quality: a regional review of recentresearch in the United States on the role of
freshwater and saltwater wetlands as sources, sinks, and transformers of nitrogen, phosphorus, and various heavy metals. Army
Corp of Engineers. Waterways Experiment Station. Vicksburg. Mississippi. Technical Report Y-86-2. 229pp.
[2]. Howard-Williams C. 1985. Cycling and retention of nitrogen and phosphorus in wetlands: a theoretical and applied perspective.
Freshwater Biology 15: 391-431.
[3]. Reddy K R, Kadlec R H, Flaig E, Gale P M. 1999. Phosphorus retention in streams and wetlands: A review. Critical Reviews in
Environmental Science & Technology 29: 83-146.
[4]. American Public Health Association (APHA). 1995. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 19thed,
Washington D.C.
[5]. Bharti, N; Katyal, D. 2011. Water quality indices used for surface water vulnerability assessment. International Journal of
Environmental Sciences 2 (1) 154-173.

Abstract: Cleanliness & hygiene practices in any healthcare facility are considered crucial factors while judging the quality of services rendered by them. Such Practices had always been a setback in paradigm of public healthcare. Kayakalp yojna (Award to public health care facilities) ,an incentivized approach was launched as a component on Swachh bharat abhiyan by the prime minister of India on 2nd October 2014, aimed at improving the Public health care facilities under six thematic areas including Hospital/ Facility Upkeep, Sanitation & hygiene, Waste Management, Infection Control, Supportive services &Hygiene promotion...........

KeyWords: Infection Control, Kayakalp, Peer assessment, Record review, thematic areas.

[1] Aldebasi Y H and Ahmed M I (2011),Patients' Satisfaction with Medical Services in the Qassim Area, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, Vol. 5( 4), . 813-817.
[2] Ministry of Health & Family welfate govt. of India, Award to public health facilities kayakalp(Royal press, Newdelhi: Nirman Bhawan, May 2015).
[3] Ministry of Health & Family welfate govt. of India, Swachhata guidelines for public health facilities kayakalp(Royal press, New Delhi: Nirman Bhawan, May 2015).
[4] Ministry of Health & family welfare Chhattisgarh 2015.Kayakalp report, retrieved from http://cgweb.nic.in/health/kayakalp

Abstract: It is aimed to evaluate producers' expectations, concerns and views towards to a local agricultural product, known as isot pepper, in GAP Region-Şanlıurfa of Turkey by means of problems of this sector by this study. The data come from 125 producers' surveys which were selected by simple random sampling method that were mainly from small scale entrepreneurships and interviewed face to face by the questionnaire. Likert scales and SPSS were used for the analyses. The results indicate that taste is the most important factor, more than half of the selling was done directly to the consumers within the province, mostly in black color with an open bag way..........

KeyWords: GAP-Şanlıurfa-Turkey, isot pepper, local agricultural products, marketing, producers' views and expectations.

[1] M.H. Aydogdu, Evaluation of the managers' views to water user associations in GAP-Harran Plain, Turkey. Basic Research Journal of Agricultural Science and Review. 4(2), 2015, 064-070. ISSN 2315-6880
[2] M.H. Aydogdu and M. Aydogdu, Attitudes of the Water Authority to Water User Associations and the Management; GAP Region, Sanliurfa-Turkey. International Journal of Current Science, 15, 2015, 43-48. ISSN 2250-1770
[3] M.H. Aydogdu, B. Karli, K. Yenigun and M. Aydogdu, The farmers' views and expectations to the Water User Associations; GAP–Harran plain sampling, Turkey . Global Advanced Research Journal of Agricultural Science 4(1): 2015a, 033-041. ISSN: 2315-5094
[4] M.H. Aydogdu, B. Karli and M. Aydogdu, The Attitudes Of Stakeholders To Water User Associations And Water Management: GAP-Harran Plain Sampling. The Journal of Academic Social Science, ASOS Journal. 3(14), 2015B, 93-103. Doi Number: http://dx.doi.org/10.16992/ASOS.710

Abstract: Elevated ambient air temperatures and excessive levels of air pollutants have generated a special need for indoor air cleaning and climate control. A prototype air cleaning and cooling device based on the principles of electrostatic wet scrubbing was designed and built. This study provides the possibility of combining an electrostatic wet scrubber with a porous wetting media using materials available in the local environment (wood shavings, cellulose cooling pad, and date palm fiber)to increase the cooling effect of the scrubber. The particle removal efficiency and cooling effectiveness of the device were experimentally investigated. The results of this study show the potential of utilizing available natural side products (e.g., wood shavings, date palm tissues) as a porous wetting media. Cellulose pads achieved the highest cooling efficiency at 90.84% followed by 84.........

KeyWords: Indoor air quality, Dust control, Charged water spray, Electrostatic force. Evaporative cooling.

[1] D. H. Willits. Cooling fan ventilated greenhouse; A modeling study, Bio-Systems Engineering, 84(3), 2003,315-329.
[2] H. Toida,T. Kozai, and K. Ohyama, Enhancing for evaporative rate using an upward air stream to improve greenhouse-cooling performance,Bio-systems Engineering, 93(2), 2006,205-211.
[3] B. CostelloeandD. Finn, Indirect evaporative cooling potential in air-water systems in temperate climates,Energy and Buildings, 35(6),2003,573-591.
[4] C. Liao, and K. Chiu, Wind tunnel modeling the system performance of alternative evaporative cooling pads in Taiwan region. Building and Environment, 37(2),2002, 177-187.
[5] M. A. Helmy, M. A. Eltawil, R. R. Abo-shieshaaand N. M. El-Zan, Enhancing the evaporative cooling performance of fan-pad system using alternative pad materials and water film over the greenhouse roof. AgricEngInt: CIGR Journal Open access at http://www.cigrjournal.org. 15(2), 2013,173-187

Abstract: Guava seeds are economically cheaper and natural materials containing cellulose. The present investigation was carried out with the aim to exploit guava seeds obtained from the waste of guava processing industry for the development of metal adsorbent and to assess its ability for nickel adsorption from its aqueous solutions. The adsorbent from guava seeds was prepared by heating at 600 0C for 1 hour, followed by shaking with 1N KOH solution at 200 rpm, 500C for 4 hours. The prepared adsorbent was then characterized for various physio-chemical parameters and morphological structure. Equilibrium isotherm data for removing Ni ions by developed adsorbent was analyzed using the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms..........

KeyWords: Adsorption, Isotherms, Guava seed, Thermodynamics.

[1]. V. C. Renge, S. V. Khedkar, and S.V. Pande, Removal of heavy metals from wastewater using low cost adsorbent: A Review,
Science. Reviews and Chemialcal Communication, 2(4), 2012, 580-584.
[2]. M. I. Kandaha, and J.L. Meunier, Removal of nickel ions from water by multi-walled carbon nanotubes, Journal of Hazardous
Materials, 146(1-2), 2007, 283–288.
[3]. V. K. Gupta. Equilibrium uptake, sorption dynamics, process development, and column operations for the removal of copper and
nickel from aqueous solution and wastewater using activated slag, a low-cost adsorbent, Industrial and Engineering. Chemistry
Research, 37(1), 1998, 192-202.
[4]. H. Hasar, Adsorption of nickel (II) from aqueous solution onto activated carbon prepared from almond husk, Journal of Hazardous
Materials B97, 2003, 49-57.
[5]. S. Amala Fatima Rani, J. R. Vimala, and T. Bhuvana, Studies on the removal of nickel(II) using chemically activated pouteriasapota
seed and commercially available carbon, Der Chemica Sinica, 3(3), 2012, 613-620.

Abstract: Climate change has become one of the major Environmental problems facing the world today and the media has been central in making public the distressing evidence of a wide range of its implications on Agriculture, Ecosystems and health. Climate change knowledge and awareness creation are essential for successful adaptation and mitigation. The present study was conducted in the Birim Central Municipal, Ghana, and 400 Senior High Students were randomly selected from five schools. Both closed and open-ended questionnaire was used to assess students' knowledge on climate and their participation in climate change awareness creation. The results revealed that, despite the flourishing media environment Senior High Students in Birim Central Municipal have low climate change knowledge level........

KeyWords: Awareness creation, Climate change, knowledge.

[1] Harbinson, R., Mugara R., and Chawla, A. (2006).Whatever the Weather: Media Attitudes to Reporting Climate Change. London: Panos Institute Report.
[2] UNDP. (2007). Fighting climate change : Human solidarity in a divided world. New York: UNDP.
[3] IPCC (2001) Climate change 2001: Technical summary. http://www.ipcc.ch
[4] IPCC (2007). Climate Change 2007. Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Geneva, Switzerland: IPCC.
[5] Weart, S.R. (2010). The idea of anthropogenic global climate change in the 20th Century.WIREs Climate Change, 1, 67-81.
[6] Masese, O.C., Nyabuti, O.K. and Momanyi, M.J.(2016).Identification of the Weather Shocks Associated With Rainfall in Kisii Central Sub County, Kisii County, Kenya IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology, 10 (7 ), 25-32

Abstract: In this study, some autoecological characteristics of Cephalariataurica were investigated. In this context, plant and soil samples were collected from two different elavations(loc. 1, 1100 m and loc. 2, 200 m) of Kızıldağ in Amanos Mountains, Hatay/Turkey. Mineral element distribution in soil and plant samples were measured, and physical and chemical properties of soil, including texture, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), saturation, salinity, and CaCO3 contentwere determined.

KeyWords: Autecology,plant-soil interactions,endemics, Antakya,Turkey.

[1] R.S. GokturkandH. Sumbul, A taxonomic revision of the genus Cephalaria (Caprifoliaceae) in Turkey,Turk. J. Bot., 38, 2014, 927-968.

[2] S. Kirmizigul, N.B. Sarikahya, H. Sumbul, R.S. Gokturk, N. Yavasoglu, M. Pekmez, andN. Arda, Fatty acid profile and biological data of four endemic Cephalaria species grown in Turkey,Rec. Nat. Prod., 6(2), 2012, 151-155.

[3] P. Kayce and S. Kirmizigul, Chemical constituents of two endemic Cephalaria species,Rec. Nat. Prod.,4(3), 2010, 141-148.

[4] D. Godjevac, V. Vajs, N. Menkovic, V. Tesevic, P. JanackovicandS. Milosavljevic, Flavonoids from flowers of Cephalaria pastricensis and their antiradical activity,J. Serb. Chem. Soc.,69(11), 2004, 883-886.
[5] N.B. Sarikahya, P. Kayce, E. Halay, R.S. Göktürk, H. Sümbül andS. Kirmizigül, Phytochemical analysis of the essential oils of 10 endemic Cephalaria species from Turkey,Nat. Prod. Res.,27(9), 2013, 830-833.

Abstract: All living things need water. The Earth is full of water. Water is the most essential element ,next to air, to our survival .Water makes up more than two thirds of the weight of the human body ,and without it, we would die in a few days .Water is important to complete daily life and to maintain our body healthy .Packaged Drinking Water can be described as any product ,including natural spring or well water taken from municipal or private utility systems or other water .Distilled water or any of the fore going to which chemicals may be added and which are put into sealed bottles ,packages or other containers to be sold for domestic consumption or culinary use. In this study ,various type of samples packed in bottles as well as pouches were taken and the effect of their packaging material was seen.

KeyWords: Packaged Drinking Water, Natural Spring

[1]. Mark Miller ,"Bottled water ; why is it so big? Causes for the rapid growth of bottled water industries ."Honors thesis ,presented to the honors committee of texas state university.san Marcos, May 2006.
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[3]. Kloos W.E. systematic and the natural history of Staphylococci .In Staphylococci ,J. Appl.Bacteriol Symp. Suppl. 69 1990, p.p. 25 s.37 s. and Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology,9th edn.1994.
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Abstract: Waste of electrical and electronic apparatuses generated in huge amount surround the earth today, and has become a global environmental issue. Electronic waste is a common, informal name for electronic products approaching the end of their useful life. The current and the future production of e-waste, the potential environmental problems associated with their disposal and management practices are discussed whereas the existing e-waste management. E-wastes are considered dangerous, as certain components of some electronic products contain materials that are harmful, depending on their condition and density. The harmful content of these materials pose a threat to human health and environment............

KeyWords: Electrical waste, environment, soil, emission.

[1]. Radha G. (2002). A Study of the Performance of the Indian IT Sector' at www.nautilus.org accessed on 21st June 2005.
[2]. DIT (2003). Environmental management for Information Technology industry in India, Department of Information Technology, Government of India, pp.122-124.
[3]. Status Report on e-Waste Management In Sri Lanka. CentralEnvironmental Authority, August 2010.
[4]. Bertram, M., Graedel, T.E., Rechberger, H., Spatari, S., 2002. The contemporary European copper cycle: waste management subsystem. Ecological Economics 42 (1–2), 43–57.
[5]. Brigden, K., Labunska, I., Santillo, D., Johnston, P., 2008. Chemical contamination at e-waste recycling and disposal sites in Accra and Korforidua, Ghana.Greenpeace Research Laboratories Technical Note. Greenpeace International, Amsterdam, TheNetherlands.<http://www.greenpeace.org/international/press/reports/chemical contamination-at-e-wa>.

Abstract: From the greenery of Golapbag campus of Burdwan University as many as 10 non-ligneous species were selected for determining their Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI). While determining the APTI values, chlorophyll content was found to range from 0.007 mg/g (Desmodium gangeticum) to 0.843 mg/g (Boerhavia repens), relative water content from 69.82% (Boerhavia repens) to 92.4% (Elephantopus scaber); ascorbic acid from 42.105 ppm (Elephantopus scaber) to 71.05 ppm (Antigonon leptopus) and leaf pH from 3.53 (Vitis reticulatus) to 8.16 (Ruelia tuberosa). APTI values ranged from 32.66 (Vitis reticulatus) to 61.20 (Antigonon leptopus), thus indicating all selected species to be highly tolerant to air pollution, hence suitable for greening parks and gardens in polluted areas.

KeyWords: Air Pollution Tolerance Index, Ascorbic acid, Biomonitoring, Elephantopus scaber, Relative water content

[1]. A Mukherjee, Plant - An indicator and mitigator of pollution, Indian Science Cruiser, 7(3), 1993, 11-17.
[2]. F.J. Escobedo, J.E. Wagner, and D.J. Nowak, Analyzing the cost effectiveness of Santiago, Chile's policy of using urban forests to improve air quality, Journal of Environmental Management, 86, 2008, 148-157.
[3]. P.M. Mashita, and V. L. Pise , Biomonitoring of air pollution by correlating the Pollution Tolerance of some commonly grown trees of an urban area, Pollution Research, 20(2), 2001, 195-197.
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Abstract: Spilling and seepage of gasoline to soil could be a source of organic pollution to the underground waters in such vicinities. This work evaluated the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in groundwater drawn from hand-dug wells in filling stations, and a control sample from a well very remote from filling stations in Ile-Oluji, Ondo State, Nigeria. The concentrations of PAHs for the samples varied from ND – 11.3 ng/μL with grand mean of 31.9±2.81 ng/μL. About 95% of the PAHs detected consisted of low molecular weights (2–3 aromatic rings), which are less carcinogenic but also pose toxic effect to many aquatic organisms. The remaining 5% of the PAHs were 4 – 5 member rings............

KeyWords: Gasoline filling stations, Ile-Oluji-Nigeria, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, toxicity, well-water

[1]. R. Fehr, O. Mekel, M. Lacombe, and U. Wolf, Towards health impact assessment of drinking-water privatization-the example of waterborne carcinogens in North Rhine-Westphalia Germany). B. World Health Organization 81(6), 2003, 408–414.
[2]. D. Berryman, F. Houde, C. DeBlois, and M. O'Shea, Nonylphenolic compounds in drinking and surface waters downstream of treated textile and pulp and paper effluents: a survey and preliminary assessment of their potential effects on public health and aquatic life. Chemosphere, 56(3), 2004, 247-255.
[3]. S. Dobaradaran, A. H. Mahvi, R. Nabizadeh, A. Mesdaghinia, K. Naddafi, M. Yunesian, N. Rastkari, and S. Nazmara, Hazardous organic compounds in groundwater near Tehran automobile industry. Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicology, 85(5), 2010, 530–533.
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Abstract: The present study deals with the plankton dynamics with physicochemical variables in two fresh water wetlands of Aligarh. Phytoplankton comprised five major groups, namely Myxophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Desmidiace, Bacillariophyceae and Euglenophyceae and Zooplankton comprised four major groups, namely Cladocera, Rotifera, Copepoda and Ostracoda. Statistically, G.P.P and N.P.P values were found to have significant positive relationship with Chlorophyll 'a' and water temperature in both the water bodies, whereas the relationship with phytoplankton was observed non significant positive at Wetland B and negative at Wetland A.

KeyWords: Wetlands, Plankton, Phytoplankton, zooplankton G.P.P, N.P.P and C.R.

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Abstract: Conjugated linoleic acid or CLA, is among the bioactive components which are interesting for obesity treatment. It is a term that includes a conjugated isomer group of the linoleic acid, of which two of them cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 are capable of reducing body fat in animals and human beings. The best source of CLA in food is found in meat and dairy, which come from ruminants. The anti-obesity effect of the CLA has been demonstrated by the reduction on the indicators of the obesity, as body fat and waist circumference. Although the effect of CLA on the reduction of body fat is well known.............

KeyWords: Obesity, isomers, linoleic acid, diet, health

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