IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-11 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2017

Abstract: Climate change has the propensity to alter rainfall and temperature regimes across the world, including Nigeria. This paper investigated the trends of rainfall and temperature in northeastern parts of Nigeria, based on data obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency for the period of 66 years (1949-2014). The Statistical techniques used for analysis are Mann-Kendall's test for trend, descriptive statistics, time-series plots and correlation analysis. The analyses performed involve the use of XLSTAT 2016 and Excel 2007. Results show a decreasing trend in annual total rainfall over both a long-term period (1949-2014)..............

Keywords: Trend, Rainfall, Temperature, Climate change, Mann-Kendall test, Nigeria.

[1]. Abaje, I. B., Ati O. F., and Iguisi, E.O., (2012): Recent trends and fluctuations of annual rainfall in the Sudan-Sahelian ecological zone of Nigeria: Risks and opportunities. Journal of Sustainable Society, Vol. 1(2), pp. 44-51.
[2]. Abdussalam, A.F., (2015): Changes in Indices of Daily Temperature and Precipitation Extremes in Northwest Nigeria. Science World Journal Vol 10 (No 2)
[3]. Akinsanola A. A., Ogunjobi, K. O., (2014): Analysis of rainfall and temperature variability over Nigeria. Glob J Hum Soc Sc Res 14:3

Abstract: Plastic is one of the major source of pollutants at present time in the world, regularly used for packaging materials, carry bags, manufacturing of different types of materials etc. So, to reduce the increasing environmental pollution from synthetic plastic an alternative must be developed. This need can be fulfilled by use of bioplastics. Polyhydroxyalkanoates are polymers produced by bacteria among which Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) is one major group. Bacterial polyesters have attracted much attention as biodegradable biocompatible polymers. Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, a microbial produced thermoplastic and gained major importance due to their structural diversity and close analogy to plastics..............

KeyWords: Bioplastics, PHB, Synthetic plastic, Bacteria.

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Abstract: Characteristic geomorphological evidences, preserved around the snout of the Bara Shigri Glacier in the district of Lahaul-spiti in the Himachal Himalaya, suggest that this glacier underwent successive stages of fluctuation during its retreat after a considerable surge in the Little Ice Age under climatic deterioration. Three sets of conspicuous retreat moraines with varying sizes and extensions have been identified and interpreted. Fresh lateral and terminal moraines, extending from the snout of the glacier down to the Chandra River bed for a distance of about four kilometres, suggest that the maximum advance during the Little Ice Age took place down to that position and formed a temporary shallow lake..............

KeyWords: Argillaceous metamorphics, Base map, Tethys Himalaya, Glacio-morphological characteristics, Little Ice Age

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Sikkim Himalaya. Himalayan Geology 29 (2), 2008, 171-176.
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Glaciers on the southeast-facing Slopes of Kanchenjunga, Sikkim Himalaya, in SR Basu & SK Dey (Ed), Geomorphology and
Environment (Kolkata: ACB Publication, 2008) 79-90.
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Conference on Global Climate Change – 2010, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, 2010, 166-171.

Abstract: Research conducted by Akbar et all., (2015) showed that in general the Nypa Palmsap productivity remains low, whereas the required amount of sap relatively enough to produce the amount of brown sugar made many of them to be economical, there is no research about this, so research on productivity was needed. The research object is the population of Nypa Palm trees planted (J1) and a population of Nypa Palm trees that grow naturally (J2). In both populations tree fruit bunches is done wobble technique for tapping sap. The sap generated from both the tree population accommodated...........

[1]. Anonymous, 2008. Nypa Palm Palm (Nypa fruticans). Mangrove Palm. http: //www.palm-Nypa Palm.htm. Date modified: 05/17/2008
[2]. Akbar, ARM. Purnomo, J ,. Roles, S.B and Susanto, O., 2015. Brown Sugar Processing Technology of Nypa Palm Plants. www.Nypa Palmcenterindonesia. (Accessed January 2, 2015)
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[4]. Bandini, Y. 1986. The Nypa Palm New Natural Sweetener. PT. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.
[5]. Davis, TA 1986. Nypa Palm Palm in Indonesia. A source of Unlimited Food and Energy. Iard Journal 8 (2): 34-38

Abstract: Milk adulteration is a problem for the dairy industry. It can cause economic losses, lowering the quality of products and putting the consumers' safety in risk, especially milk products for children and infants. Adding water to milk is a common practice by farmers in many countries. A method of electrical conductance measurement at high frequency can give information if the milk is with added water before processing it. The objective of the research is to develop a measuring method with handheld device that can detect added water in fresh milk by measuring the electrical conductance............

Keywords: Milk adulteration, added water, testing device, electrical conductance, LCR meter

[1]. M. Henningsson, K. Östergren, P. Dejmek, The electrical conductivity of milk - The effect of dilution and temperature, International Journal of Food Properties, 8(1), 2005, 15-22.

[2]. L.O. Figura, A.A Teixeira, Food Physics, Physical Properties — Measurement and Applications (Berlin-Heidelberg, Springer, 2007).

[3]. M. Kent, Electrical and Dielectrical Properties of Food Materials (London, Science and Technology Publishers, 1987).

[4]. B.A. Lawton, R. Pethig, Determining the fat content of milk and cream using AC conductivity measurements, Measurement Science and Technology. 4, 1993, 38–41.

[5]. E. Norberg, H. Hogeveen, I.R. Korsgaard, N.C. Friggens, K.H. Sloth, P. Løvendahl. Electrical conductivity of milk: ability to predict mastitis status. Journal of Dairy Science, 87(4), 2004, 1099-107.

Abstract: Medicinal plants and herbs contain substances known to modern and ancient civilizations for their healing properties. India is rich in biodiversity and many of its plants are known to have medicinal properties. This paper highlights two tropical and subtropical important plants -- Ocimum sanctum (tulsi) and Targetes erecta (marigold) due to their easy availability and antimicrobial effectiveness. Several studies have been done on the antimicrobial properties of the individual extracts; however, few attempts have been made to study their antimicrobial properties in combination............

Keywords: Tulsi, marigold, antimicrobial properties, Response Surface Methodology

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Product Reports, 9, 2012, 1007-1021.
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Abstract: The research was carried out to determine the current status Schistosoma mansoni among Biomphalaria snails in Kabaka's lake in Uganda. The study area was divided in to 12 sites and selection of the sites was purposive only targeting the potential breeding habitats for snails. The researche used both hand picking and scoop net to collect snail samples. All sample sites had an equal measurement of 10 sq meters. Biomphalaria snails collected from each sample site were examined by cercarial shedding method. Screening result indicated that 17.9% of Biomphalaria snails collected in this study were infected with Schistosoma mansoni in the lake.............

Keywords: Kabaka's lake, Schistosoma mansoni, Biomphalaria Snails, Schistosomiasis

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Abstract: The study was designed to investigate the determinants of food security in the home and its effect on nutritional status of adolescent's students in Abia State of Nigeria. Five specific purpose and five null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. A survey design was used for the study. 2000 students constituted the population while 500 respondents were the sample for the study. The researcher developed instrument named Food Security variables and Students Nutritional Status Questionnaire (FSVS NSQ) was used for data generation. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) and Multiple Regression Analysis............

Keywords: Food Security, Food Accessibility, Food Availability, Food Affordability, Food Suitability Nutritional Status.

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Abstract: The study sought to determine effects of exposure to occupational safety and health hazards on work environment in the Kenyan Kisumu County Water Service industry. The study utilized a descriptive research design. The target population consisted of employees of Kisumu Water and Sewerage Company (KIWASCO) and Lake Victoria South Water Service Board (LVSWSB) working in water treatment works, waste water treatment plants and construction sites. Questionnaires were used to obtain primary data; that were analyzed using quantitative techniques. Standard deviation was adapted to measure disparity for the likert-scale questionnaires. The entire hypothesis was tested at 95% confidence level.............

Keywords: Occupational health, safety, exposure, Hazards, water service industry, work environment

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Abstract: Investigation on the catch rate of artisanal fisheries and species composition in Akpayafe River, Bakassi Local Government Area was carried out monthly from April 2009 - March 2010 to determine the catch rate of the fisheries in the river system as well as the relative abundance of the different fish species. A total of 23 fish species and 20 fish families were recorded. Ethmalosa fimbriata, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus, Callinectes amnicola were dominant species with E. fimbriata being the most abundance species with 12694 individuals, C. nigrodigitatus with 957 then C. amnicola with 852 individuals.............

Keywords: Relative abundance, catch rate, river systems

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[2]. P.O. Ajah & S.A. Udoh (2012). Food and feeding habits, condition factor and length-weight relationships of Mugil cephalus and Pseudotolithus elongatus in Cross River Estuary, Cross River State, Nigeria. Tropical Freshwater Biology, 21 (2): 59 – 70.
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[4]. Ama-Abasi, D.E; U.I. Enin & S. Holzloehner (2003). The Dynamics of The Exploited Population Of Ethmalosa fimbriata In Cross River Estuary And Adjacent Gulf Of Guinea. Fisheries Research, 68(1-3): 225-235.
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Abstract: Energy dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) technique was applied for determination of heavy metals present in some selected varieties of leafy vegetables, mostly consumed in Ethiopia such as Ethiopian kale (Brassica carinata), Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa var.capitata), chard (Beta vulgaris), cauliflower (brassica oleracea.var.botrytis), Cabbage, Collard green (brassica oleracea), Siberian kale (Brassica napus var.pabularia) and Russian kale collected from Akaki, Kera and Debre Berhan. The concentration of 9 heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr, As and Pb) were analyzed in the selected leafy vegetables. The foodstuffs examined for metal constituents are the basis of human nutrition in the study area except Siberian kale and Russian kale............

Keywords: EDXRF, leaf vegetable, Heavy metal, permissible limit

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Abstract: Sanitation and hygiene promotion is an integral part of national development strategy. Karengata and Ongata Rongai are peri-urban areas that have undergone rapid urbanisation and population growth and has created a need for purchase of large plots of land that are subdivided and developed without the consideration of the physical development plan leading to heavy pressure on sanitation services. Using Slovin's formula a representative sample of 400 people was obtained. They were sampled from eight zones in Ongata Rongai and Karengata using spatial stratified systematic random sampling. This has resulted in odor emissions. The complaints of people, often not systematic and variously distributed, in general do not allow us to quantify the perceived annoyance.............

Keywords: Odor annoyance, Olfactometry analysis, Sanitation

[1]. Aatamila, M., Verkasalo, P., Korhonen, M., Suominen, A., Hirvonen, M., Viluksela, M., and Nevalainen, A. (2011). Odour
annoyance and physical symptoms among residents living near waste treatment centres. Environ. 111, 164–170.
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storage. Chem. Eng. Trans. 40, 163–168.
[3]. Brattoli, M., de Gennaro, G., de Pinto, V., Demarinis Loiotile, A., Lovascio, S., and Penza, M., (2011). Odour detection methods:
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Abstract: Plant physiology is the study of all aspects of a plant's internal operations, including the physical and chemical processes required for life as it appears in a plant. This includes studies that span a variety of time and size scales. The smallest scale interactions include those that occur during molecular-level photosynthesis and during internal diffusion of water, minerals, and nutrients. On the largest scale, activities like plant development, seasonality, dormancy, and reproductive control take place. Phytochemistry, phytopathology, and other related issues are the primary areas of research within the field of plant physiology. We'll discuss the goals and applications of plant physiology in this paper.......

Keywords: PlantPhysiology, Phytochemistry, dormancy etc

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