IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-12 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2018

Abstract: Now a days , Human activities are the main important factor which effects Ground water quality of any region. Subsurface and Surface disposal of sewage and industrial wastes along with Agricultural wastes, also play vital role in deterioration of ground water quality. From natural resources ground water is the purest form of water source and meets the overall demand of semi urban and rural people. The quality and quantity of ground water are directly affected by the Urbanization and the unregulated growth of the population, because it alters the local topography and drainage system directly............

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[3]. IS10500, ( 1991 ) Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification. Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi,5.
[4]. Status of Ground water quality in Chhattisgarh2010-11, Central pollution Control Board office, Bhopal pp1-42.

Abstract: Aquatic macrophytes both flowering and non flowering confine themselves to the shallow eutrophotic zone of the water bodies. They play an important role in providing food to fish and to other aquatic animals. The study of macrophytes is important in order to understand the functioning of aquatic ecosystem. Most of the aquatic macrophytes may become a nuisance, when growing profusely. The Physico-chemical parameter such as temperature, PH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, conductivity, total alkalinity determined during seasons. Analysis was done according to the standard method of Trivedy and Goel (1984), APHA, AWWA and WPCF (1985). Algae were identified the relevant Monograph (Hustadt 1930, Pochman1942, Desikachary1959.Whereas ceratophyllum demersum L, Pistia stratiotesL............

Key Word: Macrophytes, Microphytes, Khamardih pond, Water

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Abstract: Cypermethrin is a type II synthetic pyrethroid prescribed for bed nets for neonates, infants and adults.This study aimed at evaluating its reproductive toxicity and therapeutic effect of co-administration of Lycopene on male rats. Histopathological evaluation of the testes revealed approximately 40% loss of germ cells including interstitial cells of Leydig and Sertoli cells. Luminal diameter increased with complete loss of spermatozoa indicating the inhibition of maturation and differentiation of secondary spermatocytes into mature spermatozoa. The seminiferous epithelium became sparsely populated due to mitotic inhibition. Animals co-administered Lycopene recovered as observed bythe regenerationof all spermatogenic elements. it is concluded that processed Solanum lycopersicum and its pure extract exhibited a therapeutic effect on Cypermethrin –induced reproductive toxicity. It is also worthy of note that fresh fruits of Solanum lycopersicum possess some form of lycopene but require further processing to make it bioavailable to mammals lacking Cellulase

Keywords: Antioxidant,cypermethrin, lycopene, reproductive stress, spermatogenesis

[1]. Bhushan, B., Pande, S., Saxena, N and Saxena., P.N. (2013). Serum biochemical responses under stress of Cypermethrin in albino rat.Environmental and Experimental Biology, 11, 81-89.
[2]. 2]. Li, Y.F., , J., Hajikhani, R. and Zaeim, R.T. (2010). Effects of Cypermethrin on sexual behavouir and plasma concentration of pituitary- gondalhormones.International Journal of fertility and sterility, 4 (1), 23-28. [3]. Giray, B., Gürbay, A., Hincal, F. (2001). Cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress in rat brain and liver is prevented by Vitamin E or allopurinol. Toxicology Letters. 118(3). 139-46.
[4]. Kjeldsen, L.S., Ghisari, M. and Bonefeld-Jorgensen, E.C. (2013). Currently used Pesticides and their mixtures affect the function of sex hormone receptors and aromatase enzyme activity. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 453–464.
[5]. Orlu, E.E. (2014). Deltamethrin-induced Alterations in Sperm Morphology and Spermatogenesis Impairment in Adult Sprague-Dawley Rats.Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 7, (11), 2324-2331.

Abstract: This study was carried out to assess the heavy metal content (zinc, lead, chromium, cadmium and nickel) on soils and plants of dumpsites at Oluku, Iguomo and Ikhueniro in Benin City, Edo State. Soil samples were randomly collected from two depths (0-15 cm and 15-30 cm) from the dumpsite and control areas. Plant samples (Talinium triangulare) were also collected randomly from the dumpsite and control areas. Analysis of the soil and plant samples showed significant differences (P < 0.05) in heavy metal contents (especially zinc) between the control sites and the dumpsites. It was observed that the pollution index of the dumpsite soils were not high (<1) to readily cause harm. Although the transfer factor for zinc was >1 in the control and dumpsite areas, the other metals remained at <1 with the exception of cadmium which was >1 at the Iguomo dumpsite area.

Keywords: dumpsites, heavy metals, pollution, wastes.

[1] Adefemi, O.S, Awokunmi E.E. 2009. The impact of municipal solid waste disposal in Ado Ekiti metropolis, Ekiti State, Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology. 3(8):186-189.
[2] Adelekan B. A. and Abegunde K. D. (2011). Heavy Metals Contamination of Soil and Groundwater at Automobile Mechanic Villages in Ibadan, Nigeria. International Journal of the Physical Sciences vol. 6(5), pp. 1045-1058.
[3] Akpan, I.O and Akpanidiok A.U. (2006) Heavy metal status of municipal waste in Calabar metropolis using atomic Absorption spectrophotometric technique. Journal of Nigerian Environmental society, University of Calabar. Vol. 3 pp119-125.
[4] Alimba, C.G., A.A., Bakers, and C.A. Latunji, (2006). Municipal landfill leachates infused chromosom. Aberration in rat bone marrow cells. Afr J Biotechnol,5: 2053-2057.
[5] Alloway B. J. (ed.) 1995. Heavy metals in soils. Blackie Academic & Professionals, 368 pp..

Abstract: Waste management represents not only a fundamental ecological challenge for the city of Porto-Novo but also a socio-economic opportunity because it creates jobs. This study analyzes waste recovery strategies implemented in the city of Porto-Novo. The socio-economic data on the forms of recovery of waste as well as the benefits resulting from waste recovery were collected from 600 households surveyed. They were stripped and then processed using the tools of descriptive statistics. They are then supplemented by interviews with 42 resource persons as well as information on the experiences of waste recycling in the world. The results show that in the..........

Keywords: Benin, Porto-Novo city, valorization, waste

[1] Adamou A.K., 2010. Étude sur la viabilité socio-économique de l'approche EcoSan au Niger : (Sites de Torodi, Aguié et Madaoua). Mémoire de master spécialisé en Génie sanitaire et environnement, 2iE, 64 p.
[2] Azonnakpo V. O., 2007. Problématique de l'eau et de l'assainissement en milieu scolaire en République du Bénin : cas de la ville de Porto Novo, Mémoire de DESS en décentralisation et gestion des eaux, UAC, consulté sur www.memoireonline.com le 31/10/2016 à 22h 18min
[3] Bertrand J-R. et François L., 2003. De la décharge à la déchèterie. Questions de géographie des déchets. Presse Universitaire de Rennes, 175 p.
[4] Bruneau M., 2015. Recyclage des déchets plastiques dans la gestion des déchets en Afrique et dans les caraïbes : présentation synthétique de l'état des lieux et des retours d'expériences, Plateforme re-sources, www.plateforme-re-sources.org, 6 p.
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Abstract: An experiment was conducted to investigate the possible changes that might occur in the two important quality indices (Firmness and Colour) of an apple fruit stored at room temperature and 4oC over a period of seven (7) days. Four variety of apple; Braeburn, Granny Smith, Royal Gala and Cox were procured at the local store. The firmness of the apples was obtained by using a 2mm cylindrical probe on the Texture analyzer and the colour measurement was evaluated by using a chroma meter. This procedure was carried out on the apple before and after storing at the different temperature and results were expressed in Newton for firmness and L*, a*, and b* for colour respectively. Cox showed the highest...........

Keywords: Apples, Colour, Firmness, Temperature

[1] S.G. Gwanpua, B.E. Verlinden, M.L Hertog, V.J. Impe, B.M. Nicolai, and A.M. Geeraerd, "Towards flexible management of postharvest variation in fruit firmness of three apple cultivars‟, Postharvest Biology and Technology, 85, 2013, 18–29
[2] M.C. Bourne, Food texture and viscosity: Concept and measurement. 2nd edn. San Diego: Elsevier Science 2002.
[3] Z. Qing, B. Ji, and M. Zude, "Nondestructive analyses of apple quality parameters by means of laser-induced light backscattering imaging‟, Postharvest Biology and Technology, 48(2), 2008, 215– 222.
[4] R. Lu, "Nondestructive measurement of firmness and soluble solids content for apple fruit using hyperspectral scattering images‟, Sensing and Instrumentation for Food Quality and Safety, 1(1), 2007, 19–27.
[5] I. Shmulevich, N. Galili, and M.S. Howarth, "Nondestructive dynamic testing of apples for firmness evaluation‟, Postharvest Biology and Technology, 29(3), 2003, 287– 299.

Abstract: Green tea is recognized for being rich in polyphenols, which are considered as anti-mutagenic as well as anti-carcinogenic agents. These polyphenols are classified as (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), (-)-epicatechin (EC) and (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG). (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is identified as one of the most significant catechins in determining the effect of green tea. Green tea has an ability to reduce the blue events, recognized as microsatellite instability. The microsatellite has been stated in some human colon cancer, such as hereditary cancer-prone disorder (HNPCC), which is caused by mutations in mismatch repair proteins..........

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Abstract: The struggle for water and its resources have progressively increased over periods of time. This is majorly attributed to the fact that the resource, as vital as it is, faces excessive extraction resulting from rapid population growth as well as urbanization and industrialization trends. The main aim of the study was to examine water shortage and coping measures at household level in informal settlements in Eldoret Municipality. To achieve the objectives of the research, guiding research questions were employed which investigated the availability of water, causes of water shortages, impacts of water shortages, and coping measures by the stakeholders to ensure water availability. The research was guided by integrated water Resource Management approach (IWRM). This approach is based on the perception of water as an integral part of ecosystem, natural resource, social and economical good. The study indicated that most of the households depend on piped water from Municipal (80%), while 10% got....... .

Keywords: Household, water shortage, water availability, coping measures

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[2]. Ademun, S. R (2009). Domestic Water Supply; An Evaluation Of The Impacts; Challenges And Prospects On Women In Rural Households In Uganda. M.Sc Thesis, Lund University.
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