IOSR-JESTFT   Volume-14 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2020

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the energy balance relationship over rice crops at the paddy field of Bangladesh Agricultural University Farmland, Mymensingh from August 2012 to July 2013. Trends of a few micrometeorological parameters were also observed. Energy balance components were measured using partly eddy covariance method. In Aman season the maximum and minimum lE was observed 9.64 MJm-2day-1 and 3.00 MJm-2day-1 at the DOY 282 and DOY 340. The average lE of the three defined growth stages of rice was found 5.63 MJm-2day-1. Average lE/Rn ratios in the three growing (Early growth, full growth, and mature crop just before harvest) periods of the.......

Key words: Energy Balance; Amon rice; Boro rice; Rn; H, lE; and G

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Abstract: The present study investigates nitrogen fixation in the rhizospheres of four plant species; Dahlia pinnata, Helianthus annuus,Taraxacumofficinale and Cichoriumintybus with the change in their rhizosphere microbial flora. The four plant species contained a common polysaccharide, inulin in their roots. Nitrogen fixation was assessed by measurement of N2-ase (C2H2) activity. Microbial activity was assessed by the production of carbon dioxide in rhizosphere soil samples. The relationship between the number of nitrogen fixing microorganisms and nitrogenase activity was observed, which also resemble the rate of CO2 production. The different plant systems were found to have differences in the pattern of influencing the nitrogen microflora, although they contained a common polysaccharide substance in their roots. The N2- ase (C2H2) activity was higher with inulin as an energy source than with glucose.......

Keywords: Inulin, nitrogen fixation, nitrogenase activity, rhizosphere, plant species

[1]. Dommergues, T.Y.,Balancdreaus, J.U.,Rinaudo, G.C. and Weinhard, P.T. Non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation in the rhizosphere of rice, maize and different tropicalgrass. Soil Boil. Biochem.,2001;4:83-88.
[2]. Dobereiner, J.P., Day, N.M. and Dart, P.C. Rhizosphere associations between grasses and nitrogen fixing bacteria. Effect of CO2 on nitrogenase activity in therhizosphere of Pasplumnotatum. Soil Boil. Biochem.,2002;6:156-159.
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Abstract: Tofu is a highly popular food in Indonesia. Its production process also has a high risk of environmental pollution. There were many and high capacity of tofu makers in the tofu clusters of Pesalakan, Adiwerna Village, Adiwerna District, Tegal Regency. Due to its high pollution risk, this industry needed an eco-efficiency analysis. Using cleaner production practices the good eco-efficiency potential might be achieved, so that the environmental quality can be improved. This study collected data from informal interviews, field observation, and production process calculation. The cleaner production practices by boiling water in a cover pan by energy source resulted in the following efficiency rates: sawdust 31-37 % energy efficiency and 27-30 % time efficiency; and husk energy 35-57 % energy efficiency and 20.7-20.9 % time efficiency. The highest annual eco-efficiency rate for profit was Rp1,194,251.01/ton of CO2 equivalent/year, while the lowest rate was Rp 472,804.89/ton CO2/year. The small industry could never manage to practice the eco-efficiency without support from government and community.

Keywords: Cleaner production; eco-efficiency; small-to-medium enterprise

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Abstract: Background: All living organisms are constantly exposed to oxidant agents deriving from both endogenous and exogenous sources capable to modify biomolecules and induce damages. BisphenolA (BPA) is a long- and well-known environmental contaminant that is capable of causing free radicals generation by exerting oxidative stress. the imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant defence mechanism leads to modifications in tissue cellular membrane and intracellular molecules. In this research, the possible effects and physiological disposition of Bisphenol A on some oxidative stress markers in female wistar albino rats were monitored.Methods: 11 experimental groups of 5 rats each were administered; 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, and 1 mg of BPA/kg bw.....

keyword: Bisphenol A, environmental contaminant, total antioxidant capacity, nitric oxide, nitrotyrosine, protein carbonyl, free radicals, oxidative stress

[1]. Liu, J., Yu, P., Qian, W., Li, Y., Zhao, J., Huan, F., (2013). Perinatal bisphenolA exposure and adult glucose homeostasis: identifying critical windows of exposure. PLoS One 8(5):e64143.
[2]. Teppala, S., Madhavan, S., Shankar, A., (2012). Bisphenol A and metabolic syndrome: results from NHANES. International Journal of Endocrinology.5:98180.
[3]. Vandenberg, L.N., Chahoud, I., Padmanabhan, V., Paumgartten, F.J., Schoenfelder, G., (2010). Biomonitoring studies should be used by regulatory agencies to assess human exposure levels and safety of bisphenol A. Journal of Environmental Health Perspective. 118:1051–1054.
[4]. Ritter, S., (2011). Debating BPA's toxicity.ChemEng News.89:5–13.
[5]. Kinch, C.D., Ibhazehiebo, K., Jeong, J.H., Habibi, H.R., Kurrasch, D.M., (2015). Low-dose exposure to bisphenol A and replacement bisphenol S induces precocious hypothalamic neurogenesis in embryonic zebrafish. ProcNatlAcadSci USA. 112:1475–1480

Abstract: The dye effluents from the various branches of the textile industry, leather industries, paper production, food technology and agriculture industries produces pollution when they are discharged in natural resources like underground stream, rivers, ponds and lakes which are the drinking water sources without any treatment. Textile dye effluent contains substantial pollution load which increases the change of physicochemical parameters. Aquatic macrophytes like water hyacinth uptake contaminants and stores in its biomass. They have high tolerance against contaminants like heavy metals and are able to absorb large quantities. In this study, an attempt is made to compare the efficiency of water Hyacinth to treat the dye effluents. Water was initially analyzed for physicochemical parameters i.e., pH, TS, DO, COD and dye concentration. In general, all the effluent samples collected were devoid of DO. There was increase in the DO after treatment as indicated by reduction of COD in the effluents. The results indicate that the water hyacinth is very efficient in reducing the pollution loads in dye effluents.

keyword: Water Hyacinth, effluent treatment, biological treatment, textile effluent.

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Abstract: Eleme has a total area of 138km2 out of which the Federal Government of Nigeria compulsorily acquired an estimated area of 59.34km2 for industrial purposes excluding acquisitions by the Rivers State Government. Using the combined technologies of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Remote Sensing (RS) and Demography techniques as its methodology, this paper examines the environmental impacts of land use dynamics in Eleme between 1986 and 2019. The study reveals that between 1986 and 2019, Built-up area and Farmland increased by 72.67 and 12.77 percent respectively, while light and thick vegetation recorded a decrease of -6.92 and -61.64 percent respectively. Water body equally experienced a decline. Also, between 2006 and 2015 covering a period of 9 years, Built-up area further increased by 53 percent with an annual growth rate of 2.32 km2 gaining....

Key Words: Land use, environmental impacts, assessment, Eleme, dynamics, land cover, land consumption rate.

[1]. Araya, Y. and Cabral, P. (2008). Urban Land Cover Change Detection Analysis Using GIS and Remote Sensing: A Case Study of Asamara, Eritrea (Peer-reviewed paper). Assessment, ed. H Mooney, A Cropper, W Reid. Washington, DC: Island. In press
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Abstract: Background- The objective of present investigation werechanges in the levels of ions in tissues of snail due to roger exposure. The digestive gland, gills, posterior adductor muscles were digested in acid and the levels of ions such as sodium and potassium were detected in the control as well as experimental animals as per the standard methods used for flame photometry Materials and Methods – The levels of sodium, potassium were determined with a flame photometer (ElicoPvt. Ltd. Model CL 22A). Standard graphs were prepared by using sodium chloride and potassium chloride solutions.....

Key Words: Agrochemicals, Pilaglobosa, Ionic regulation.

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Abstract: Aflatoxins are mycotoxins resulting from the secondary metabolism of molds that grow on plants in the field and during storage. They are found in coffee, cocoa, cereals and agrifood products. This study therefore proposes to determine the level of contamination of cocoa beans with aflatoxins: case of three cocoa-producing regions in Ivory Coast (Divo, Gagnoa and Soubré). A total of 30 cocoa bean samples were taken from the three major cocoa production regions. These samples were transported to the laboratory for analysis using a SCHIMADZU brand High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) line. The results of this study showed that all samples were contaminated with aflatoxins. The highest levels are found in samples from the localities of Divo and Soubré. These average AFB1 and sum AFB ＆ G contents vary from 5.90 μg / kg to 11 μg / kg and 8.7 μg / kg to 14.72 μg / kg respectively. The levels obtained lead to a risk of exposure of the population to the toxic effects of these molecules. In general, the contaminations observed in the three localities could be due to poor agricultural practices, from the harvest to the packaging of the beans in the warehouses. Added to this is also the non-compliance with construction standards for storage warehouses and the lack of maintenance of these premises.

Key words: Cocoa beans, Contamination, Aflatoxins, Mycotoxins, Export crops..

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