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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Isolation and Identification of Bacterial Flora from Vagina in Normal Ewes (Slaughter and Living Ewes). |
| Country | : | Iraq |
| Authors | : | Zina Bakir Al- Hilli || Hameedah Hamza Ajeel |
Abstract:The present study was conducted to determine the normal bacterial flora of the vagina in slaughter
and living ewes. For this purpose, a total of eighty of vaginal swabs were collected and examined to determine
the normal bacterial flora of the vagina. Of all, 46(57.5%) of the samples were collected from the vaginas of
living ewes and 34(42.5%) from the vaginas of slaughter ewes. Escherichia coli (56.25%) were the predominant
isolated bacteria, in slaughter ewes were (52.94%) while living ewes (58.7%), were the predominant bacteria.
The second dominant bacteria was Proteus mirabillis (13.75%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (12.5%). Other
species were isolated at relatively lower rates Staphylococcus aureus (8.75%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis
(coagulase negative) (3.75%), while Streptococcus spp. (5%) were the less frequent isolates. We concluded that
E. coli were the most predominant bacteria of the vagina in slaughter and living ewes.
Keywords: living ewes, slaughter ewes, microflora, vagina..
[1]. Martins, G.; igueira, L.; Penna, B.; Brandão, F.; Varges, R.; Vasconcelos, C. & Lilenbaum, W. (2009). Prevalence and antimicrobial
susceptibility of vaginal bacteria from ewes treated with progestin-impregnated intravaginal sponges. Small Ruminant Research.
81(2): 182-184.
[2]. Sargison, N.D.; Howie, F.; Mearns, R.; Penny, C. D.; & Foster, G. (2007). Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli as a perennial
cause of abortion in a closed flock of Suffolk ewes. Veterinary Record. 160(25): 875–876.
[3]. Manes, J.; Fiorentino, M. A.; Kaiser, G.; Hozbor, F.; Alberio, R.; Sanchez, E. & Paolicchi, F. (2010). Changes in the aerobic
vaginal flora after treatment with different intravaginal devices in ewes. Small Ruminant Research. 94 (1-3): 201-204.
[4]. Ababneh, M. M. & Degefa, T. (2006). Bacteriological findings and hormonal profile in the postpartum Balady goats. Reproduction
in Domestic Animals. 41(1): 12 -16.
[5]. Sheldon, I. M.; Williams, E. J.; Miller, A. N.; Nash, D. M. & Herath, S. (2008). Uterine diseases in cattle after parturition.
Veterinary Journal. 176(1): 115 - 121.
[6]. Levinson, W. E. & Jawetz, E. (1994). Medical Microbiology and Immunology. Third edition. Prentice- Hall Int. Inc., Englewood
Cliffs, New Jersey-USA. 20-23.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Aedes albopictus: Portrait of a potential vector |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Mohona Gupta || Sajal Bhattacharya |
Abstract:First reported from Bengal, Aedesalbopictus has successfully invaded some of the most inhabited
regions of the world. Hence, it is aptly referred to as a 'global vector'. Their potential as a disease vector
cannot be repudiated.This species has been included among the hundred most dangerous species in the global
invasive species database.Carrying viruses for several diseases such as Chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, La
Crosse, West Nile virus, etc, Aedesalbopictus has proven to be a highy potential disease vector. Apart from
viruses, certain filarial nematodes have also been detected from this mosquito species. Its genetic makeup
remarkably supports intraspecific variation. Hence, this might play a significant role in evolutionary
diversification and threaten healthy human existence.
Keywords: Aedes albopictus, vector, disease, bioecology, globalization
[1]. Animal diversity Web. Aedes albopictus. Available at http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Aedes_albopictus/classification/ ,
accessed on November 2, 2015.
[2]. ECDC, 2015 (European Centrefor Disease Prevention and Control), available at
http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/healthtopics/vectors/mosquitoes/Pages/aedes-albopictus.aspx, accessd on November 17, 2015.
[3]. Skuse, F.A.A. (1894). " The banded mosquito of Bengal". Indian Museum Notes 3(5):20.
[4]. Bhattacharya S. The Globalisation of a vector: exploring the threats with special reference to dengue. In Proceedings of the Brain
Storming Conference on Dengue Scenario in India: Disease Burden, Surveillance and Control (July25-26,2013; Madurai), Editor: r.
B.K.Tyagi, published by "Centre for Research in Medical Entomology, Madurai.
[5]. Hochedez, P. et al. (2006). "Chikungunya Infection in Travelers".Emerging Infectious Diseases 12 (10): 1565–1567.
[6]. Cancrini G, Frangipane di Regalbono A, Riccia I, Tessarin C, Gabrielli S and Pietrobelli M (2003). "Aedesalbopictus is a natural
vector of Dirofilariaimmitis in Italy". Veterinary Parasitology 118 (3–4): 195–202.
[7]. WHO (2011). European Mosquito control Association: Guidelines for the control of invasive mosquitoes and associated vetor-borne
diseases on the European continent. Retrieved June 18 ,2013 from http://www.emcaonline.
eu/documents/visitors/WHO2011_revised.pdf
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | "A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Plannedteaching Programme Onpediatric Drug Dose Calculation among Fourth Year B.Sc Nursing Students in a Selected Nursing Colleges In Hyderabad." |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Ms. Deepa Prince |
Abstract:A child's dose for medication is smaller than adult dose. Infants are responsive to drugs because of
immaturity of organs. As the drug dose is calculated according to the body weight, body surface, age and other
factors particularly in children, the nurse should be aware of the calculation of the dose for the particular
medication.
Several rules have been devised to calculate infants and children's dosages, but these rules give only
approximate dosages. Regardless of the methods used in calculating pediatric drug doses, the nurse should
realize that dosage are approximate and often need adjustment based on child's response
[1]. Behrman Richard E,RobertM.Kliegman and Ann M.Arvin,15th edition, Nelson Text book of Pediatrics, Volume
1,Banglore:W.B.Saunders Co,1996,Page 259-260.
[2]. Brunner Lillian S AND Doris S Siddharth, the Lippincott manual of Pediatric Nursing, London: Herper Collin publishers, 1991,
Page 73.
[3]. Diane.M, Mylers Text book for Midwives, 14th edition, Churchhill Living stone.
[4]. Ghai.O P, Essential Pediatrics, 1996, New Delhi, Inter prints publishers.
[5]. Grandell-NiemiH,"Medication calculation skills of Nurses in Finland", Journal of Clinical Nursing, 2003/12(4):519-528.
[6]. KapborgI.D,"Calculation and administration of drug dosage by Swedish nurses, Student nurses and Phisicians, International Journal
of Quality Health Care, 1994, 6(4):389-395..
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Antioxidant Status in Diabetic Patients Attending the Federal Teaching Hospital Gombe- Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Fatima U. Maigari || Abubakar Musa || Maigari Maryam || Lazarus Goje || Mansur Abdulrasheed || Abubakar Bappa |
Abstract: Fasting blood samples were collected from 120 diabetes mellitus subjects attending medical clinic at Federal teaching hospital Gombe and apparently healthy subjects. The level of glycated hemoglobin was obtained for the samples and samples with glycated hemoglobin ≥7.0 were further analysed for antioxidant enzymes of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase.Level of lipid peroxidation marker; malondialdehyde was also determined.Malondialdehyde levels (μmol/L) assessedwere significantly increased (p< 0.05) in all diabetic groups compared to apparently healthy individuals (1.94± 0.22μmol/L), the results showed the level of antioxidant enzymes of SOD (u/ml) and CAT (u/ml) were decreased in the diabetics compared to apparently healthy individuals. However, the level of GPx determined in type 1 diabetics was significantly increased compared to apparently healthy individuals, but lower in type 2 and gestational diabetics. The results in this study confirmed that increased oxidative stress due to decreased SOD and CAT activities seen in diabetics which may also enhance lipid peroxidation as seen in high level of malondialdehyde.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Malondialdehyde, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Enzymes.
[1]. Kremsner, P.G., Greve, B., Lell, B., Luckner, D., and Schmid, D. (2000). Malaria anaemia in African children associated with high oxygen radical production. Lancet, 355: 40-41.
[2]. Utpal,B., Sahu,A., Ali,S., Kasoju,L., Singh,A. and Sharanabasava, H. (2008).Oxidative stress and free radical changes.Food Res.Int.,41: 1-15.
[3]. Lynch, T., Cherny, R.A. and Bush, A.I. (2000). Oxidative processes in Alzheimer's disease: the role of AB-metal interactions. Experimental erontology 35:445-451.
[4]. Landis, G.N. and Tower, J. (2005) Superoxide dismutase evolution and life span regulation, Mech. Ageing Dev. 126:365–379.
[5]. Mates, J.M., Perez-Gomez, C. and De Castro, I.N. (1999). Antioxidant enzymes and human diseases, Clin. Biochem. 32:595–603.
[6]. Inoue, M., Sato, E.F., Nishikawa, M., Park, A.M., Kira, Y., Imada, I. and Utsumi, K. (2003). Mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species and its role in aerobic life, Curr. Med. Chem. 10:2495–2505.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | A Review on Keratinophilic Fungi of Madhya Pradesh |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Pratima Bisen || Dr. (Smt.) Shashi Tiwari |
Abstract: In graphically, Madhya Pradesh located in plains between latitude 21°04'N-26.87°N and longitude 74°02'-82°49' E. It's Western and North-Western region receive 1000 mm [39.4 inch] or less and Eastern & South- Eastern region receive as much as 2,150 mm [84.6 inch] or more rainfall in mansoon season. And temperature has Min 15°C to 18°C in January and Max 40oC to 45°C or more in June. These climatic conditions of M.P. are favorable for fungal growth. Keratinophilic fungi are the specialized group of fungi which are able to attack keratinized tissues. These are basically saprophytes but occasionally becomes potentially pathogenic to man and animals and known as dermatophytes. In M.P. studies of keratinophilic fungi are not well pronounced but some good works had done by different workers in this arena. Chysosporium indicum, Chysosporium spp., Microsporum gypsum, Trychophyton mentagrophytes, Malbranchea sp., Anixiopsis sp., Arthoderma benhiman, Keratinophyton sp. are some common keratinophilic fungi reported from soil of Madhya Pradesh.
Keywords: keratinophilic fungi, Madhya Pradesh, dermatophytes.
[1]. Geography of Madhya Pradesh; source: aboutmp.com
[2]. Agarwal, S.C. and Khanam, S.J.P. (2014); Isolation of Keratinophilic Fungi from Soils of Poultry Farms; In. J. of Inno. in Eng. R. & M.; Volume: 01 (05); page:1-4
[3]. Choudhary V. and Jain P. C. (2012); Screening of alkaline protease production by fungal isolates from different habitats of Sagar and Jabalpur district (M.P); J. Acad. Indus. Res. ; Volume: 1(4); page: 215- 220
[4]. De Vries, G.A.(1962); Keratinophilic Fungi And Their Action; Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Division for Medical Mycology (Subsidized by tile Health Organization, T.N.O.), Baarn, the Netherlands; pp:121-133
[5]. Deshmukh, S.K. (1983); Soil inhabiting Keratinophilic fungi and their distribution in Madhya Pradesh; Shodhganga (2015); on line jounral; page: 12-32
[6]. Deshmukh, S.K. and Agrawal, S.C. (1983); Prevalence of Dermatophytes and other Keratinophilic fungi in soil of Madhya Pradesh (India); Mykosen; Volume 26; page: 574-577.
[7]. Deshmukh, S.K., Agrawal, S.C. and Jain, P.C. (2009); Colonization of Fresh and Defatted Feather by Keratinophilic Fungi; Mycoses; Vol.: 24(10); page: 611 - 613.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Specialization of Periplaneta Americana (American Cockroach) and Blattella Germanica (German cockroach) Towards Intestinal Parasites: A Public Health Concern |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ejimadu, L. C. || Goselle, O.N*. || Ahmadu, Y. M. || James-Rugu, N.N. |
Abstract: Disturbed with the increasing number of Cockroaches within Jos metropolis and blessed from the benefit of hindsight that they could serve as mechanical host to various parasites, thus lead leading to undocumented sources of infection; a study was carried out to ascertain the various types of Cockroaches available in two most polluted areas of Jos. Other objectives considered were to identify the various pathogens fauna on both external and internal parts; to determine whether parasites composition were mainly influenced by phylogenetic, evolutionary or by ecological relationships; to determine which species of Cockroaches is more susceptible to parasitic infection; to determine the specific part of the alimentary canal that harbours the highest concentration of parasites load and to recommend where possible the best method for the control of Cockroaches. To achieve these objectives; insects traps were placed at five different locations (kitchens, toilets, living rooms, refuse dumps and shops)
[1]. Addisu, K. and Berhanu, E. (2008). Cockroaches as carriers of human intestinal parasites in two localities in Ethiopia. Oxford Journal of Medicine and Health, 102(11): 1143-1147.
[2]. Agbodaze, D. And Owusu, S.B. (1989). Cockroaches (Periplaneta Americana) as carriers of agents of bacterial diarrhoea in Accra, Ghana. The Central African Journal of Medicine, 35(9): 484-486)
[3]. Ajayi, O.O., Ajayi, J.A., Ogo, N.I. and Abdulrahman, S. (2011). A study of cysts and eggs of parasites in the gut of Cockroaches (Periplaneta americana) in Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria. International Journal of Biological Science, 3(1): 112-113.
[4]. Ajero, C. M. U., Ukaga, C. N. and Ebirim, C. (2011). The role of cockroaches in mechanical transmission of parasites in households in Owerri, South East Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Parasitology, 32(2): 153-156.
[5]. Al-Mayali, H. H. and Al-yaqoobi, M.S.M. (2010). Parasites of cockroach. Periplenata Americana (Linnaceus) in Al-Diwaniya Province Iraq. Journal of Thi-Qar Sciences, 2(3):98-100.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy detection using automatic image processing technique |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Sangramsing N.Kayte || Raju S. Maher || Suvarnsing Bhable || Dr.Charansing N.Kayte |
Abstract: Diabetes is a chronic disease that is reaching epidemic proportions worldwide. There are currently more than 190 million people with diabetes worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that this will rise to 221 million by the year 2010, largely due to population growth, ageing, urbanization and a sedentary lifestyle. Diabetes is currently the fourth main cause of death in most developed countries. In Singapore, the prevalence of diabetes in our population is 8.2% according to the 2004 National Health Survey. This is expected to grow as our population age. Diabetes, if not well managed and controlled, can progress steadily to devastating complications like blindness, nerve damage, kidney failure and heart disease. At present, various analyses on complicated interaction between hereditary and environmental factors are being undertaken regarding the onset of diabetes.
[1] Raju Maher, Sangramsing Kayte, Dr. Mukta D "Review of Automated Detection for Diabetes Retinopathy Using Fundus Images" International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Volume 5, Issue 3, March 2015.
[2] Raju Sahebrao Maher, Sangramsing N Kayte, Sandip T Meldhe and Mukta Dhopeshwarkar. Article: Automated Diagnosis Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in Fundus Images using Support Vector Machine. International Journal of Computer Applications 125(15):7-10, September 2015. Published by Foundation of Computer Science (FCS), NY, USA
[3] Raju Maher, Sangramsing Kayte, Dnyaneshwar Panchal, Pankaj Sathe,Sandip Meldhe " A Decision Support System for Automatic Screening of Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy" International Journal of Emerging Research in Management &Technology ISSN: 2278-9359 (Volume-4, Issue-10) October 2015
[4] Raju Sahebrao Maher*, Dnyaneshwar S. Panchal, Sangramsing Kayte, Dr. Mukta Dhopeshwarkar "Automatic Identification of Varies Stages of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Retinal Fundus Images"-International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering Volume 5, Issue 9, September 2015 ISSN: 2277 128X
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Faunal Diversity of Insects of Fresh Water Lake of Ajmer Rajasthan |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr Rashmi Sharma |
Abstract:Ajmer is located in the center of Rajasthan (INDIA) between 25 0 38 " and 26 0 58 " north
Latitude and 73 0 54 " and 75 0 22" east longitude covering a geographical area of about 8481sq km hemmed in all sides by Aravalli hills . About 7 miles from the city is Pushkar lake created by the touch of lord Brahma. The Dargah of khawaja Moinuddin chisti is holiest shrine next to Mecca in the world. Ajmer has hot dry summer and cold bracing winter. The winter extends from November to February and summer extends from March to June followed by rainy season till mid September. The temperature varies from 2 o c in winter and 49 0 c in summer. The normal annual rainfall is 527.3mm. The adult insect fauna disp;ayed diversity of more than 18 families belonging to Dytiscidae Helonidae, Hydraenidae , Hydrophilidae, Psephenidae, Corixidae, Gerriidae, Nepidae, Notonectidae, and Validae. Besides larval forms and aquatic and terrestrial insect.
Key words : Aquatic insect faunal diversity, physiochemical parameters, Anasagar lake , Ajmer.
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[2]. Agarwal, A. and Saxena, M. (2011); Assessment of pollution by physiochemical water parameters using regression analysis: a case study of gagan river at Moradbad India. Pelagia Research library, 2(2): 185-189.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Inappropriate drug use and its consequences in elderly patients: an overview |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Vineeta Dhyani || Rohekar MA || Patil SD || Ganachari M.S |
Abstract: Inappropriate drug use has become a major concern of issue in elderly population. Elderly patients with multiple co-morbidities are prone for polypharmacy which could enhance the risk of drug related problems and which in turn may lead to lack of optimum clinical outcome. Inappropriate prescribing (IP) is more prevalent in elderly population with an increased risk of ADEs, increased morbidity, mortality and healthcare utilization. Worldwide incidence of inappropriate drug use is very high. One of the Indian study reveals that 7.42% of total drugs were prescribed in an inappropriate manner and 23% of total patient received at least one inappropriate drug prescription.9 Another study which was done in elderly population of US and Canada reveals high prevalence of inappropriate drug use around 14%-34% of the general elderly population and >40% in residences in US and Canada.
[1]. Beers MH. Explicit criteria for determining potentially inappropriate medication use by the elderly. An update. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157: 1531–1536.
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[3]. Zutshi B, Chaudhury RR, Sharma S. Medication Use Among Elderly Population in Urban Setting: A Case Study of VasantKunj in Delhi. HelpAge India-Research & Development Journal. 2012 October; Vol 18(3): 6-18.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Solubility enhancement – A challenge for hydrophobic drugs |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | K.Kavitha || P.Vishva Ranjani |
Abstract: Solubility is not only the ability to dissolve or liquefy a substance.It process occurs not only because of dissolution but also because of chemical reaction. There are many New Drug Applicants to be filed in the field of pharmacy but the limiting step is the solubility problems. The efficiency of a drug is based on its binding efficacy and response. The binding efficacy is based only on the dissolution of the drug and its bioavailability. On the basis of solubility alone drugs are classified into four expressed as concentration, molality, mole fraction, mole ratio, etc. More than 40% of new chemical entities are lipophilic. This solubility behavior of drug is the major challenge for the formulation scientist.
[1]. Mohini S.Patil, Sheetal Z.Godse, RB Saudagar . Solubility Enhancement by various techniques : an overview .World J Pharm and PharmSciences,2(6), 2013,4558-4572.
[2]. Mishra soumya, Saurabh gupta, Rahul Jain, R.Mazumder. Solubility enhancement of poorly water soluble drug using nano suspension technology International .J. R&D.Pharmacy and Life Sciences.2(6.2013:642-649.
[3]. G.Ali Mansoori ,TA.Fauzi Soelaiman. Nanotechnology – an Introduction for the Standards Community. J. ASTM International,2(6),2005,31-39.
[4]. Geetha,G.Poojitha , K.Arshad Ahmed khan . Various Techniques for Preparation of Nanosuspension- A Review.Int.J.Pharm res & review,3(9),2014,30-37.
[5]. CH.Prabhakar ,K Bala Krishna. A Review on Nanosuspensions in Drug Delivery. International Journal Pharma and Bio Sciences,2(1),2011,1-9.
[6]. Vishvajit A. kamble ,Deepali M.Jagdale and Vilasaro J.kadam .Nanosuspension a novel drug delivery system. Int.J.Pharma and Bio Sciences ,1(3),2010,1-9.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Antihelmenthic And Antimicrobial Activity Of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles From Illicium Verum Hook.F. Fruit |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | P.Udaya Sri || V.Leelavathi || N.Vijaya Sree || M.Anil kumar |
Abstract: Illicium verum Hooker fillius or commonly called star anise is a member of Magnoliaceae. The synthesis of metal nanoparticles is a growing area for research due to its potentiality in the application and development of advanced technologies. In general, nanoparticles are synthesized by using chemical methods which are not eco-friendly. Here, we have used a fast, convenient and environment-friendly method is green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The objective of the present study is to synthesize silver nanoparticles by reducing Ag+ ions present in the aqueous solution of silver nitrate with the help of fruit extract of Illicium verum and to study the antimicrobial, antihelmenthic activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity of these nanoparticles was studied against Bacillus subtilis, S. cerevesiae. and Escherichia coli. Silver nanoparticles showed inhibition of growth suggesting antibacterial property and the time intervals between paralysis and death of the earthworms shows the anthelmenthic activity of the synthesized silver nanoparticles.
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[2] Sharma, VK, Yngard, RA, Lin, Y: Silver nanoparticles: green synthesis and their antimicrobial activities. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 145,83–96 (2009)
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Hepatotoxicity Potential of Coartemether on Wistar Albino Rat using Liver Enzyme Assay. |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ugokwe C.U. || Asomba H.C. || Onwuzulike I.O. |
Abstract:Considering the wide use of Coartemether (COARTEM®) majorly in Africa, due to its high efficacy in the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria, this study elucidated its hepatotoxicity potentials. Forty-eight (48) male wistar albino ratswith weight range of 187-245g divided into four groups with two replicates were allowed to acclimatize to laboratory condition for 14 days. Rats in group A served as the control and were administered with distilled water and rat chow throughout the experimental period, while rats in group B, C and D were administered orally with 28, 42 and 56mg/kg/day of Coartemether respectively for six days. Two animals from each group/replicate were sacrificed on day 2, 4, and 6.Blood samples were collected for analysis of serum ALP, AST, ALT and Bilirubin using standard methods and enzyme kits.
[1]. Okafor A.I., Nok A.J. and Inuwa H.M. Antiplasmosidal activity of aqueous leaf extract of mucunaprurienslinn in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei (NK-65 strain). J App Pharm Sci, 3(4): 2013, 52-55.
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[3]. Yeung S., Pongtavornpinyo W., Hastings I.M., Mills A.J., White N.J. Antimalarial Drug Resistance, Artemisinin-Based combination therapy, and the contribution of modeling to elucidating policy choices. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 7(2): 2004, 179–186.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Nasopharyngeal Foreign Body in Young Child |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dharmendra Kumar || Ravindra Singh Bisht || Vikas Sikarwar |
Abstract: Foreign Body in commonly seen in upper aero digestive tract but are infrequently seen in nasopharynx. Reports of foreign body lodged in nasopharynx after inhalation/ingestion is rare. We present a rare case of foreign body nasopharynx with complains of respiratory distress. On examination it was observed that the child was not in distress. Initial ENT examination and chest X-ray was normal. When X-ray of nasopharynx was done, a large metal ear ring was found in nasopharynx. Diagnosis was confirmed by nasal endoscopy, immediate removal of foreign body was done under general anaesthesia.
Keyword- Nasopharynx foreign body, Foreign body, Respiratory distress , X-ray nasopharynx.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Effect of Aqueous Leaves Extract of Gardenia ternifolia Plant on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Yunana. Y, D. Dahiru |
Abstract: The effects of aqueous leaves extract of the Gardenia ternifolia plant (ALEGTP) was investigated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) - induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Thirty albino rats were used for the experiment and grouped into six (n=5); group 1 and 2 were normal and control respectively. Group 3 was pretreated with silymarin while group 4, 5 and 6 were pretreated with 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight of ALEGTP for one week prior to administration of CCl4. Pretreatment with ALEGTP significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the levels of; AST, ALT, ALP, T.CHO, TG and C.BIL. Histopathological view of the liver section of rats treated with ALEGTP also supported the biochemical parameters showing less necrosis in their hepatocytes compared to group that was administered CCl4 only, revealing features of massive liver necrosis and degeneration of the hepatocytes.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Encapsulation of the Ethanol Extract of Garcina kola and Evaluation of Its Physicochemical Properties |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Aiwaguore Johnbull Obarisiagbon || Oladejo Peter Ogunlowo || Ikponmwosa Esther Ogbeide |
Abstract: This study seeks to formulate the seed extract of Garcina kola into capsule dosage form and to evaluate the physicochemical properties of the formulated capsules. The dry powdered seed, ethanol extract as well as the aqueous extract of the seeds were evaluated for their flavanoid content. The ethanol extract, lactose and maize starch as diluents, were wet granulated using maize starch BP mucilage and gelatin solution at (1 – 5%w/w) concentration.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Research in the Quality of Service Delivery in Public Hospitals, Kenya. |
| Country | : | Kenya |
| Authors | : | Wavomba, P. || Sikolia, S.F. |
Abstract: The study reported in this paper purposed to establish the quality of service delivery in public hospitals in Kenya. The study assessed the quality of service delivery to malaria patients in wards for malaria patients in public hospitals. The medical staff and organizational factors were assessed for their role in the quality of service delivery to malaria patients. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The study location was western region of Kenya (formerly western province). Target population comprised all public hospitals, with a sample size of 127 respondents, which included 31 in- patients and 96 medical staff drawn from 6 public hospitals. Stratified random sampling was the selection method used.
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